AP1601 AKM | Alldatasheet
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［AP1601］ MS 1454-E-01 1 2012/08
DESCRIPTION
The AP1601 is a control IC which is suitable for LED lighting application s to supply a current to LEDs from an AC power source. The AP1601 can be configured as a DCM isolated flyback circuit or as a CCM non-isolated step down chopper circuit (Buck converter). Also, LED lighting applications for a phase control dimmer (hereinafter called TRIAC dimmer) can be constructed with fewer external components on the application board. Many functions for LED lighting applications are integrated into the AP1610 such as: 30V pre-driver, TRIAC dimmer control circuit, constant current circuit using the auxiliary winding of the transformer, noise reduction circuit during DCM operation and various protection functions. The AP1601A also has an independent analog dimming pin and a PWM dimming pin for non-TRIAC dimming systems, providing a low cost LED application with a wide range of dimming configurations.
FEATURES
LED driver with reduced external component count. Constant current control using auxiliary winding of transformer. (no photo-coupler is required) Rectified AC voltage up to 275V can be applied for start-up / Start up by rectified AC voltage up to 275V. Current control functions DCM flyback: Control with switching frequency changed by peak current on primary side and forward voltage of LEDs. CCM chopper (Buck): Control with off-time changed by peak current on primary side and forward voltage of LEDs. Analog dimming by external DC input. (Current peak control) PWM dimming by external pulse input. TRIAC dimmer compatible, Built in current supply circuit Protection circuits LED open protection. Over current protection when transformer is shorted. Under voltage lockout. (UVLO) Thermal protection. Package 14pin SOP. APPLICATION Indoor LED lights up to 40W maximum LED down light. LED bracket. LED ceiling light. AP1601 LED light control IC, dimmer compatible
Figure 1. AP1601 Block diagram pin or VDD charge ON/OFF is controlled. 5V Regulator 5V for internal circuits is generated from VDD pin. regulator is inactivated so that malfunction at low voltage is prevented. OVP Over voltage detection circuit on VDD pin. Driver Driver for external N type MOSFET. TSD Overheat detection circuit. OCP Over current detection circuit for external MOSFET. CLK Internal clock / Off-time generation circuit. ZCD Bottom voltage detection circuit. on DCM or the off-time on CCM.
Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP1601
1 LD I Analog dimming signal input pin
2 PWM I PWM dimming signal input pin
This pin is connected to the frame for heat transfer.
4 REF O Internal regulator output pin
For stability, please connect a capacitor of 0.1uF.
5 BLEED I
Threshold set pin of the current source for TRIAC dimmer.
6 NC - NC pin
Please do not connect to any pins. This pin is open.
7 HV I
Current source pin for TRIAC dimmer. Provide a current to GND to prevent malfunction of TRIAC dimmer operation. 8 VDD PWR IC power input pin. For voltage stability, please connect a capacitor from 1uF to 10uF.
9 OUT O
Gate drive pin for external MOSFET. 1nF capacitor can be charged in 50ns(typ). Built in pull down resistor (100kΩ(typ)).
11 CS I
External MOSFET current detection pin. Peak current is set connecting resistor between the source pin and GND. This pin also detects over current. 12 SEL I Fixed frequency mode / Fixed off-time mode switch pin. 13 VFC I Switching frequency/ Off-time compensation input pin.
14 OSC O Switching frequency / Off-time set pin
［AP1601］ MS 1454-E-01 4 2012/08 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Ta=25C unless otherwise specified. Parameter Symbol Min. Max. Unit HV (*1) VHV_max -0.3 450 V VDD (*1) VDD_max -0.3 30 V BLEED, OUT (*1,*2) VMV_max -0.3 VDD_max+0.3 V REF (*1) VREF_max -0.3 6.0 V CS, PWM, LD, OSC, VFC, SEL (*1,*3) VLV_max -0.3 VREF_max+0.3 V Junction Temperature Tj -40 125 C Storage Temperature Tstg -55 150 C Power Dissipation (*4) PD 1.5 W Note: *1 All voltages refer to GND pin (GND) as zero (reference) voltage . *2 If VDD_max exceeds 29.7V, the maximum value is limited to 30V. *3 If VREF_max exceeds 5.7V, the maximum value is limited to 6V. *4 25.4mm×25.4mm×1.6 mm FR4 board, 50% GND copper area, Ta=25C. PD must be decreased at the rate of 15mW/C for operation above 25C The maximum ratings are the absolute limitation values with the possibility of damaging the IC. When the operation exceeds these standards the specifications cannot be guaranteed. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITION Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Operating Voltage Range (*5,*6) VDD 10 20 V HV Voltage (*5) VHV 400 V BLEED, CS, PWM, LD, OSC, VFC, SEL(*5) GND VREF V Operating Temperature Range (*7) Ta -40 105 °C *5 All voltages refer to GND pin (GND) as zero (reference) voltage. *6 VDD is applied after UVLO is released. (UVLOH：17.6V(typ)) *7 In high power applications or low thermal conductivity of the application board or if both are true, the maximum ambient temperature value needs to be lowered not to exceed maximum Tj value.
［AP1601］ MS 1454-E-01 5 2012/08
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Ta=25C, HV=open, VDD=15V, REF=0.1uF, PWM=VREF, SEL=GND, R15=200kΩ, VFC=VREF unless otherwise specified. VDD is applied after UVLO is released, which is after the HV voltage (18V typical) is applied. 1. Supply Current Parameter Symbol Specification Unit Note MIN TYP MAX Supply Current IDD1 2.0 3.0 mA PWM=VREF CS=0.6V OUT=No Load (*8) IDD2 1.4 2.1 mA PWM=0V (*8) 2. Control circuits Parameter Symbol Specification Unit Note MIN TYP MAX Operating mode SEL voltage H VSELH 4.5 V Fixed frequency mode, Bottom voltage detection (DCM) SEL voltage L VSELL 0.5 V Fixed off-time mode(CCM) Current control CS pin control voltage VPEAK 475 500 525 mV LD=VREF Leading edge blank TLEB 200 300 450 ns PWM=VREF, CS=0.6V LD pin input voltage VLD 0.3 2.65 V LD pin input voltage range while analog dimming VLD2 3.0 V Analog dimming unused PWM voltage H VPWMH 1.5 V Switching operation PWM voltage L VPWML 0.5 V Cease switching Switching frequency 1 FOP1 95 100 105 kHz R15=100kΩ, VVFC=1V, SEL=VREF (DCM) Switching frequency 2 FOP2 135 150 165 kHz R15=100kΩ, VVFC=1.5V, SEL=VREF (DCM) Switching frequency 3 FOP3 40 50 60 kHz R15=100kΩ, VVFC=0.5V, SEL=VREF (DCM) Off-time TOSC 9 10 11 us R15=100kΩ, VVFC=1V, SEL=GND (CCM) VFC zero cross detection voltage VTHZC 0.05 0.1 0.15 V SEL=VREF (DCM) Gate drive OUT pin output voltage H VOUTH VDD-0.3 VDD-0.18 VDD-0.05 V IOUT= -10mA (*8) OUT pin output voltage L VOUTL 0.05 0.12 0.2 V IOUT= 10mA (*8) Rising time Tr 50 100 ns OUT load:1000pF Falling time Tf 50 100 ns OUT load:1000pF TRIAC dimmer current source Current source threshold voltage VBLEED 1.0 1.2 1.4 V BLEED pin Resistor 1 (HV-GND) RONH1 450 710 Ω IHV=20mA (*8) Resistor 2 (HV-GND) RONH2 900 1350 Ω IHV=10mA, Tj=125 (*8)
［AP1601］ MS 1454-E-01 6 2012/08 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (the rest) Ta=25C, HV=open, VDD=15V, REF=0.1uF, PWM=VREF, SEL=GND, R15=200kΩ, VFC=VREF unless otherwise specified. VDD is applied after UVLO is released, which is after the HV voltage (18V typical) is applied. Parameter Symbol Specification Unit Note MIN TYP MAX Startup circuit Operating startup voltage UVLOH 15.5 17.6 19.8 V VDD voltage rising Operating shutoff voltage UVLOL 5.6 6.4 7.2 V VDD voltage falling Startup current source threshold voltage 1 VDDH 9.1 10.3 11.6 V VDD voltage rising Startup current source threshold voltage 2 VDDL 7.8 8.8 9.9 V VDD voltage falling Startup current IDDCH -12 -8.5 -5.0 mA VHV=100V, VDD=6.5V(*8) Internal regulator REF voltage VREF 4.9 5.0 5.1 V REF current: 0mA(*8) REF dropout voltage VDROP 20 100 mV REF current: -7mA(*8) Protection circuits Thermal protection TSD 130 150 170 C Design Assurance Value Thermal protection release temperature ΔTSD 29 65 101 C Design Assurance Value CS over current detection OCP 720 800 880 mV LATCH off VDD over voltage detection OVP 23 26 29 V LATCH off Note: *8 Current definition: Flow to the pin is plus, flow out from the pin is minus.
［AP1601］ MS 1454-E-01 7 2012/08 OPERATION 1) Operation outline The AP1601 operates directly from a rectified AC voltage supply ( 100~240V). It has 2 selectable operating modes, a DCM flyback type and a CCM chopper type (buck) constant current driver. Switching frequency, set by an external resistor, can be automatically adjusted depending upon the LED Vf value. The LED current variation related to the LED Vf variation will be minimized. Furthermore, the LED current is controlled constant on chopper type (buck) even when the input voltage varies. Dimming can be done using a peak current control method, a PWM pulse current control method, or switching frequency adjustment independently or in combination. (In the following description, the symbols and numbers on the external parts refer to Figure 22. A typical isolated flyback application circuit for TRIAC dimming is shown later) 2) Operation 2-1) Operation mode The AP1601 can select from 2 different operation modes. The mode is determined by the voltage of the SEL pin. Operation mode SEL pin voltage External MOSFET control OUT pin H→L OUT pin L→H Fixed frequency mode VREF The OUT pin is switched from H to L by detecting peak voltage on the CS pin After rising of the internal CLK signal determined by the OSC pin voltage : if the VFC pin voltage becomes lower than the bottom voltage de tection level ( <VTHZC), the OUT pin is switched from L to H. Fixed off-time mode GND The OUT pin is switched from H to L by detecting peak voltage on the CS pin After passage of the off-time determined by OSC pin voltage, the OUT pin is switched from L to H. The fixed frequency mode is suitable for the discontinuous current conduction mode in the flyback circuit shown in Figure 3. On the other hand, the fixed off-time mode is suitable for the continuous current conduction mode in the chopper circuit (buck) shown in Figure 4. Please refer to the application examples of Figure 22 and Figure 23 for the complete circuits. CS OUT D5T1 R13 Q1 On state current route Q1 Off state current route Vin VF OSC R15 VFC R12 R11 Lp LbU1 C4R4 D3 C6 + R14 Ls SELREF OUT CS ton toff VPeak Lp, Ls Current ILp_Peak Ls Voltage VF -Vin/N CLK(Internal) ZCDInternal) VFC LED Current D5 Current Ls CurrentLp Current Figure 3 Operation of flyback circuit on fixed frequency mode
Figure 5. DCM flyback mode wave form averaged for a sufficiently long time (e.g., 10ms for 100kHz switching frequency). transformer and a parasitic capacitor (Clump) between Q1 drain and GND. Approximation of tOFF2’s minimum time is as follows. If the compensation for LED VF variation is Corr%, the approximation of the set value is as follows. η is 0.9, the LED average current will be approximately 337mA. changing the winding ratio (N) lower. AP1601 shortest tOFF1 time is designed at 2us, therefore, please do not be shorter than that in steady state.
capacitor is large while Q1 is on. leading edge blank. Worst case of TLEB at 25C is 450ns. Figure 11. CS pin voltage leading edge blank approximately given by the following formula and limited by TLEB. Td_MOS represents a delay time until MOSFET (Q1) turns off after the OUT pin is turned off. than the over current protection threshold voltage, the switching will be ceased. The AP1601 has a built-in circuit which is compatible with TRIAC dimmers.
Figure 12. TRIAC dimmer the operation becomes lower than the threshold. below the input capacitor (C1) voltage. load for the TRIAC Dimmer (between the BLEED period and RESET period in Figure 12). current to stay on. The function allows normal operation for TRIAC Dimmer applications. Setting of BLEED current as a TRIAC dimmer supporting current is shown below. HV pin is approximately given by the following formula. Resistors R5, R6 to determine when BLEED current flows are given as follows. Resistor R2 connected on the HV pin to limit current is given as follows. pin, which is more efficient.
disabled at the upper limit voltage (VDDH: 10.3V(typ)). and Vrf when the HV pin voltage exceeds 120VRMS. Time chart in regard to startup circuit is shown in Figure 15. auxiliary winding is stable. Figure 15. Image of startup circuit operation (Time chart) conditions are met, a maximum of a 7mA current can be supplied to external circuits from the REF pin. For voltage stability, please connect a 0.1uF capacitor (class B) between the REF pin and GND.
［AP1601］ MS 1454-E-01 18 2012/08 3) Protection function Protection function Operation Shut-off state Detection condition Release condition Thermal protection If the IC temperature exceeds the detection condition, the OUT pin turns to GND level. Cease driver Auto-release IC junction temp. 150C 65C Down from detection temp. Over current If an over current flows to the external MOSFET, the OUT pin turns to GND level. Cease driver Latch off CS pin voltage after TLEB 0.8V(typ) Over voltage If LED is open or LED VF is high, the OUT pin turns to GND level. Cease driver Latch off VDD pin voltage 26V(typ) *1 UVLO To prevent malfunction of the IC, the OUT pin is fixed to GND level and cease 5V regulator. Cease all Auto-release When VDD pin voltage decreasing 6.4V(typ) 17.6V(typ) Note: *1. In order to release the latch off state, please apply a voltage of less tha n UVLOL for at least 10ms to the VDD pin. # When the REF pin is shorted to GND, the IC prevents heat generation by limiting internal regulator maximum current to 40mA (design value). If ambient temperature is high or the HV pin voltage is high or if both are true, the junction temperature may exceed the absolute maximum rating. If the rating is exceeded, the specification can not be guaranteed. 3-1) Thermal protection To prevent thermal runaway of the IC, the junction temperature is always monitored and the IC operation is controlled. When the junction temperature exceeds TSD (design value is 150°C typical), switching stops. When the junction temperature goes below the thermal release temperature (ΔTSD, 65°C(typ)), switching restarts. Once the thermal protection is activated, the specification can not be guaranteed. 3-2) Over current protection The CS pin voltage is monitored after turning the MOSFET on and after the leading edge blanking period (TLEB:300ns (typ)). If the CS pin voltage is at the OCP voltage (0.8V typical), switching stops and is latched. For example, when the CS pin voltage is 0.5V and the current is 500mA, the OCP level reaches 800mA. The application circuit is protected when the primary winding, the secondary winding, or the auxiliary winding is shorted. For releasing the over current protection, please apply a voltage of less than UVLOL for at least 10ms to the VDD pin. 3-3) Over Voltage Protection The VDD pin voltage is monit ored, and if the voltage exceeds the OVP voltage (2 6V typical), switching stops and is latched. It typically functions as an open protection for secondary side where LEDs are connected. For releasing the over voltage protection, please apply a voltage of l ess than UVLOL for al least 10ms to the VDD pin. 3-4) UVLO Under Voltage Lockout. The circuit provides an ON signal to the internal circuits when the VDD pin voltage is higher than UVLOH (17.6V typical) and an OFF signal when the VDD pin is lower than UVL OL (6.4V typical). If the VDD pin voltage is lower than the UVLOL voltage, the IC stops switching. If the HV pin voltage is high enough, the VDD pin is provided a current through the internal startup circuit to reach UVLO H and restart the IC.
Figure 24. Package outline
Figure 25. Marking Information intellectual property, or other rights in the application or use of such information contained herein. tariffs, currency exchange, or strategic materials. damage to person or property.