G2436 SII | Alldatasheet
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AN.No.G2436-991E LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY MODULE G2436 USER’S MANUAL Seiko Instruments Inc.
AN.No.G2436-991E NOTICE This manual describes the technical information, the function, and the operation of the G2436 Liquid Crystal Display Module of Seiko Instruments Inc. Please read this manual carefully to familiarize yourself with the functions and to make best use of them. The descriptions here are subject to change without notice. Revision Record Edition Revision Date
1 Original February 1989
2 Optical characteristics, September 1989
© Seiko Instruments Inc. 1989 Printed in Japan -i-
AN.No.G2436-991E 1. SPECIFICATIONS
1.1 General :
The G2436 is a thin liquid crystal display (LCD) module that consists of a full dot- matrix LCD panel and CMOS LSlIs. The panel features a wide viewing angle and high contrast. The full dot-matrix structure allows both graphics and character display. In addition, the display is clear and stable, with no image warping or position skew, because the display position is specified by the intersection of transparent electrodes in a matrix.
1.2 Features
- Full dot-matrix structure with 240 dotsx64 dots - 1/64 duty - Four-bit parallel data input + +5-V single power supply + Built-in DC-DC converter + Weight : 140 g
1.3 Option Specifications
5 Transflective
New TNt; . T e, with EL backlightin ‘eo [EEF [owe [| om [RP * The LCD colors are affected by temperature, so the colors at low or high temperature differs slightly from those in the above table. — G243625A000 is a negative type; when the display data is 1, the dots are white. When the display data is 0, the dots are blue. To change to positive display, invert the display data and input it into the module. * For the EL backlighting data and specifications, refer to EL Backlightings for LCD Modules Technical Data. -1-
AN.No.G2436-991E
1.4 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Vss = 0 [povernpyvotoge [tee [| __{_=t2_f sof iv a Oe | input voltage | vw || -03 | vos oa |v | [Opertngtempereive | Tow | -+|e | +» |< | storagetempersture | tay | | -20 | eo |e * — Vic is used when the DC-DC converter is not used.
1.5 Electrical Characteristics
Vss = OV, Ta = 0°C ~ 50°C | tem | symboi_| conditions | min. | typ. | max | unit_| [rowerwppyvenage | |i ars | soo | sas |v | oe ae |__frame frequency [fxm | voo=sves% | 65 | 7 | 75 [He |
1.6 Optical Characteristics
1.6.1 New TN type (Yellow green, reflective type)
1/64 duty, 1/9 bias, Ta = 25°C | viewnganse | ano, fee2nee {se f= t= | sor sa2 | | Responsetime (rise) | ton | o=1s,@=0 | - | reoms | - | notes | [Response ime(‘alt) | ton [ o=is,@=0 | - | 25oms | - | notea _|
1.6.2 New TN type (Blue, transmissive type)
- 1/64 duty, 1/9 bias, Ta = 25°C | viewnganse | oo, ee2a=0 fst f= t= sors a3 | | Responsetime(rise) | ton | eats. @=o | - | reoms | - | notes | [ Responserimestail) | ton [@=1s,o=0 | - | 25oms | - | note | -2-
AN.No.G2436-991E Note 1: Definition of angles 6 and @ Note 2 : Definition of viewing angles 61 and 62 Z (6=0°) Light (when reflected) Sensor Cmax. oonn--- eee sb 62 LL ¥(@ = 180%) oe Contrast i 1 20 Prr-ofenn nnn nnn y LCD panel ‘ x HIN xi@=907 ' H es ' ' | \\O a # Zz @ Light (when transmitted) YS ~0") Note: Optimum viewing angle with the (@=90°) naked eye and viewing angle @ at Cmax. above are not always the same. Note 3: Definition of contrast C Note 4: Definition of response time eam f unsel “oer ¢ Brightness (reflection) of unselected dot (B.) Voltage _. Brightness (reflection) of selected dot (B,) ) ” ° ” Ir Brightness (reflection) of --- selected dot Unselected | Selected state Ungelected stare i tate | _(dispaly ON) | _ (dispaly %) 1B L = (% Bright \\ fF ore Brightness Brightness Lo (reflection) of (transmission) [100% 90% Brightness unselected dot (reflection) Dark ni kK — Ton tott i Note: Measured with a transmissive LCD 0 panel which is displayed 1 cm? Operating voltage (v) Vopr : Operating voltage fram : Frame frequency ton : Response time (rise) toy: Response time (fall) -3-
AN.No.G2436-991E
1.7 Dimensions
Unit: mm/inch General tolerance: + 0.5mm 180.0+ 1.0/7.087 =i P | Ba s Re ale =I. Si Lae se : Sele als q ! Bate 5 | Height of IC as Bs See aS Zs aaa | H y—slls 4.0nax/-18tmax * Frame size * ® Length between mounting holes TT 053/921 oasrd 0.04/.002 §-§- 00009 assis SS s| NOW Figure 1 Dimensions [V/O Terminal Functions ] | No. | symbol [wo [Symbol }2| > | Display data input 2 | ce | Display data shift clock A Power supply voltage (+5 V) | 3 | o. | Display data input | 9 | DD ‘ower supply voltage (+ ) : [10 | vs _| exo ow [4] D0 | Display data input — ~
1 Vo NC (Liquid crystal drive voltage
|s | mm | One-frame timing signal adjustment terminal) * Liquid crystal AC drive control 12 Vic NC (Power supply voltage: signal -10 V) * Vo and V,c within parentheses are used as terminals when the DC-DC converter is not used. -4-
AN.No.G2436-991E 2. CIRCUIT STRUCTURE
2.1 Liquid Crystal Driving Circuit
The drive waveform of the LCD panel is shown in Figure 2 on the next page. Since DC may damage the liquid crystal, the drive waveform polarity is reversed at alternate frames, and AC is applied between two frames. The signal controlling this is the liquid erystal-AC drive control signal (M). The frame frequency is normally set to about 70+5 Hz to prevent screen flicker. The G2436 has a 1/64 duty cycle, and the common electrodes are selected within a frame by time division from electrode 1 to electrode 64. This is called line sequential scanning. The voltage level of the segment electrodes determines whether the dots at the intersection of the segment electrodes are selected or not, when the common electrode is selected. As shown in Table 1, there are six drive waveform voltage levels, Va to Vf. The voltage level is determined by the bias value. The voltage between the segment and common electrodes is thus applied to the liquid crystal. The selection waveform for SEGg-COMg and the non-selection waveform for SEG1-COM} are shown in Figure 2. The size of the effective voltage of the waveform determines whether the liquid erystal under the selected dots is in the selection or non-selection state. Table 1 Common and segment selection level Segment non-selection level Segment non-selection level Common non-selection level Common and segment selection level -5-
AN.No.G2436-991E | o|1 |2|3]-----le3] ofr |2| she SEG [<—— 1 frame 0.1 2 a rs is i 1 : __\\, COM EO ae aa »OOO t wee Ve H i‘ Va wee —w COM ; eee _Ilf lL __ Ve | ——--* Va wee —— Ve SEG i a a Vs LE | —{—. pL Vopr wee JL_- W9Vopr (Selecticn weveterm) | ve a -WU9Vopr — -Vopr : Vopr wee —tL- W9Vopr EG ;-COM (honselection waveform) qe be en - opr Figure 2 Drive waveform -6-
AN.No.G2436-991E
2.2 Circuit Structure
The G2436 consists of a common driver, segment drivers, a DC-DC converter, and a bias voltage generation circuit. Figure 3 shows the block diagram. Do to D: M, CL1, CL2 0 0D — we L Vss Segment Segment Segment driver driver driver Vop 1 2 3 Vss Va Ve Vd Ve Bias voltage common 240 x 64 generation circuit. F>=————> driver lea > Full dot-matrix LCD Va Viv Ve, VE 7 Vic DC-DC converter Figure 3 Block diagram (1) Common driver (MSM5298GS) A common driver (CD) is a CMOS IC with 86 drive outputs. The G2436 uses 64 of these and operates as follows. Input one-frame timing signal (FLM) is taken into the internal shift register by the falling edge trigger of the one-common-line timing signal (CL1), and sequentially shifted. After 64-CL1 input, the next FLM is input and the same operation is repeated. As shown in Table 2, the common output is selected according to the shift register contents and the liquid crystal AC drive control signal (M) in the drive circuit, and the common drive waveform is formed. ° Table 2 Shift register content | wm | coMoutput_| | er | t . l -7-
AN.No.G2436-991E (4) DC-DC converter The DC-DC converter internally generates the power supply voltage (VLC). Also, the G2436 has a built-in variable resistor (VR) which controls VLC. When VLC is changed, the liquid crystal operating voltage (Vopr) changes. This changes the display screen contrast. When the VR is supplied from external to the G2436, or when the DC-DC converter is not used, the circuit must be changed as follows. {When the VR is supplied from external to the G2436) Remove the VR, and supply 100k of variable resistance between VO and VLC. pereneeesnessesses @DAQE ceetteetenees peeseeneesneeeees G2MBG ceeeseeeeeeee : fT] pc-pc > i TT] ocpc | Vss Converter} Vopr Vss Converter! Vopr Vo Vo i VR Vv VR ike 2 ¢ Vict Lectin Figure 6 [carr cece {When the DC-DC converter is not used] Remove the DC-DC converter and the VR, and supply Vopr to the VLC terminal. Set Vo to NC. prscresseeennees @pqBg corte Vpp p77 G2486 oe vi V. ss Converter! Vopr Vopr Vo Vo é Vic 3 Vic § Figure 7 : Note: Liquid crystal operating voltage when the DC-DC converter is not used Display screen contrast and viewing angle are affected by changes in the liquid crystal operating voltage (Vopr), that is VLC. Optical characteristics are influenced by the ambient temperature. The recommended Vopr level at different ambient temperatures is as follows. * Vopr = Vop - Vic -9-
AN.No.G2436-991E
2.3 Timing Characteristics
2.3.1 Power ON/OFF and Signal Input Timing
Power ON/OFF and signal input should be performed according to the timing shown in the figure below in order not to damage the LCD driving circuit and the LCD panel. . 475, sv OY VoD 0 ~ 50 ms 0~50ms Input signals 10 ms min. Oms min. Vic". * Power is applied to the VLC terminal in the design where the DC-DC converter is removed. See page 9. Figure 8 Power ON/OFF and signal input timing
2.3.2 Timing Characteristics
Ta = 0°C to 50°C, Vpp = 5.0Vi5% Symbol [ettperiod | teat [to | = owe eur nes [won [vo [= | m (bea sevpnes | wa [| | - | =| -10-
AN.No.G2436-991E
2.4 Interface Circuit
The G2436 is controlled by the MPU circuit, whose interface is easily set up when the LCD controller is used. The LCD controller has basie functions such as receiving information related to the display from the MPU circuit, and sending display timing signals and display data to the LCD module, and other functions such as cursor display. The G2436 must use LCD controllers conforming to the following conditions. e For a full dot-matrix LCD module e@ Where data is transferred to the LCD module in four-bit parallel e Where G2436 display screen has 1/64 duty The following section gives examples of interfaces using the OKI MSM6255GSK, SEIKO EPSON SED1330FBA and HITACHI HD64646FS controllers. -12-
AN.No.G2436-991E (1) OKI MSM6255GSK MPU MSM6255GSK cs DIEN ‘WR - RD 62436 Data bus DBp to DB [UPs TT | peo toe | | pout Toe [el ee RDo to RD7 [Oo FRP a [5 | eum | i ete |u| DIR wa | > LA | >| CG ROM K—] RagtoRA; G OE 18 | ci | 19 | Vpo | 1 10 | vss | WE WE Display RAM — MAo to Address MAIS bus oT Ao toAis DC power supply +5V GND Figure 11 Interface circuit with MSM6255GSK { Features of the MSM6255GSK ] e Interface with 80-series MPU possible ¢ Cursor - ON/OFF; blinking speed, form, and position are programmable ® Scrolling and paging @ CMOS process e@ 5-V single power supply -13-
AN.No.G2436-991E (2) SEIKO EPSON SED1330FBA MPU SED1330FBA cs R/W Ao E 62436 nn oo Data bus KY Do to Dy xD 12 | Dd, | xo VDo to VD7 xo | : bwe LS] eum | roe a Display VR/W | 8 | ci2 | RAM 12 | Vo0 | 1 10 | vss | if Vg to VAis Liz | vic | DC power supply +5V GND) Figure 12 Interface circuit with SED1330FBA [ Features of the SED1330FBA ] @ Interface with 80-series or 68-series MPU possible e Built-in character generator ROM : 160 kinds e External character generator -CG RAM : (8X16 dot-matrix) x 64 kinds -CG ROM : (8X16 dot-matrix) 256 kinds e Layered mode: AND, OR, XOR, "preferred" OR @ CMOS process © Scrolling (vertical and horizontal) @ 5-V single power supply -14-
AN.No.G2436-991E (3) HITACHI HD64646FS MPU HD64646FS > Cs, RD, WR RES Data bus Sqr DBo to DB7 Fes) fs CUDISP E “yp MDis G2436 Panel || us 2 fea _ md, frum 4 | Do | WE Treg | coro fan TE RAa ca | 8 | cuz | | 9 | Vo | 110 | vss | RS : a Address 0 f t MAo to bus MAGs DC power supply +5V GND Figure 13 Interface circuit with HD64646FS [ Features of the MSM6255GSK ] , e Interface with 80-series MPU possible e@ Character font e@ Layered mode : OR (character and - Vertical : 1 dot to 32 dots graphics) - Horizontal : 8 dots © Character reverse, blinking, all black, © Scrolling all white - Vertical : smooth or character unit © Cursor - Horizontal : character unit - ON/OFF; blinking speed, form and @ CMOS process position are programmable * 5-V single power supply -15-
AN.No.G2436-991E 3. NOTES Safety + If the LCD panel breaks, be careful not to get the liquid crystal in your mouth. If the liquid crystal touches your skin or clothes, wash it off immediately using soap and plenty of water. Handling “ + Avoid static electricity as this can damage the CMOS LSI. + The LCD panel is made of plate glass; do not hit or press aginst it. + Do not remove the panel or frame from the module. + The polarizer on the display is very fragile; handle it very carefully. Mounting and Design + Mount the module in the specified installation sections and holes. * To protect the module from external pressure, put a plate of transparent material such as acrylic or glass over the display surface, frame, and polarizer. Leave a small gap between the transparent plate and the module. yrExample Small gap Transparent plate an
9 Qo ELS
+ Design the system so that no input signal is given unless the power-supply voltage is applied. + Keep the module dry. Condensation can damage the transparent electrodes . Storage + Store the module in a dark place where the temperature is 25°C +10°C and the humidity below 65% RH. + Do not store the module near organic solvents or corrosive gases. + Do-not crush, shake, or jolt the module or its components. Cleaning + Do not wipe the polarizer with a dry cloth, as it may scratch the surface. + Wipe the module gently with a soft cloth soaked with a petroleum benzine. + Do not use ketonic solvents (ketone and acetone) or aromatic solvents (toluene and xylene), as they may damage the polarizer. ~16-
-B- Bias value 21 ee eee ee eee eee cee eee etree eter ee eereceeee 5 Block diagram 6. ee eee ce eee eee eee eee 7 -C- Chip enable function 16... cece cece ee ee cece e eee e ee ececererene 8B Cleaning 1... cece cece eee ccc ee eee eee cere eee eeeeceecee 16 Common driver 2... eee cece cece eee eee cece tree en ees 7,11 Contrast... eee eee cece cece cece eee e eee eee cececcceee 2 Current consumption 2... cece cece cree eee reece cece ces eeeeesees 2 -D- DC-DC converter we. cece eee ce eee ee eee tere eens 2,4, 7,9 Definition of contrast 22... eee ee eee cece cee ee eee e eee te eens 3 Definition of response time 6 eee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee eect eres 8 Display data shift Clock see eee eee eee eee eee cee eee eee een e es 48 Drive waveform 1... cece cece eee ee eee eee c eee ee secs eens 56 -E- Effective voltage 22... ee eee ee ec eee eeeeeeee eee e ee 5 -F- Flicker cee ees c cece ec eee c cece een eee e ee ee ee eeeseseee 5 Frame frequency 2.2... cece eee eee eee cc cece eee teen eee eee 2, 3,5 -H- HITACHI HD64646FS 2... eee eee ce eee eee eee eee tenes 12,15 -- ~ Input voltage 22-2... ee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee 2 I/O terminal functions 2.2... eee eee eee eee cece eee c eee reece eee 4
-L- Liquid crystal operating voltage «2... eee eee cece e cece reece eee ecne 9 -N- . -o- Operational amplifier 16... . cece eee e cece cece cere cere ee eeeeees 8B -p- -R- Resistance division 2... se cee cece eee c eee e eee cece ee eecteeeee 8B Response time (fall) 2... ee cee cee eee ee eee cece cee e ee eeeeees 2 Response time (rise) 2... ee ccc e cee ee eee ewe eee eee cece ccc eces 2 Ss Segment drive waveform... ee eee cee ee ee cee cece eee eee ceee 8B Segment driver... cece eee eee eee eee eee erent e eee 7, 8,11 SEIKO EPSON SEDI330FBA .... eee eee eee ee eee ee were eens = 12,14 Storage 2. ee eee eee ec eee eee cere eee eee eee teeters eee eenes 17 Storage temperature 1... eee ee eee eee eee cece eee eee cece eeees 2 -v- Viewing angle 2... eee cee ec cece cee cette tent ne eee 1, 2,3
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