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Serial Data Equalization Software for Infiniium Series Oscilloscopes Data Sheet
and DFE. CTLE allows DC gain and up to three-pole modeling. Figure 1. Complete link.
03 | Keysight | N5461A Serial Data Equalization Software for Infiniium Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet Equalization FAQ 1. Why do I need equalization? As data rates go up, the signal deteriorates from the transmitter to the receiver due to ISI, noise, etc. The more loss that occurs, the more difficult it is for a receiver comparator to distinguish a “1” from a “0”. A high data rate coupled with a lossy channel will cause an open eye at a transmitter to be closed at the receiver. Receivers need to be able to evaluate 1s and 0s. As eyes get more and more closed, the receiver has a more difficult time interpreting the correct value as a 1 or a 0. This difficulty ultimately leads to significant data corruption and errors. Equalization uses advanced filtering techniques to correct the voltage level of the current bit. By removing much of the intersymbol interference through filtering, equalization can improve closed eyes into open eyes and significantly reduce the data corruption. The equalization software provides insight into designers’ equalizer designs and key data into the viability of the channel link after equalization. 2. What is the difference between decision feedback equalization (DFE) and feed- forward equalization (FFE)? FFE typically looks only at the bits preceding the current bit to open the eye while DFE dynamically will change based on the current bit in addition to any previous bits. FFE uses the same filter for each receiver and every bit. DFE is adaptive and can vary by device. DFE can be used in addition to FFE; however FFE cannot be used in addition to DFE. 3. Why is it important to use an oscilloscope with low noise when using equalization software? If an oscilloscope has the lowest noise, the equalization technique will open the eye wider. Keep in mind that equalization will amplify any noise not caused by ISI, which by definition includes oscilloscope noise. Infiniium oscilloscopes have the industry’s lowest noise floor, so there is much less noise to be amplified. This results in greater equalization accuracy. 4. Why does the equalization software require serial data analysis software? Equalization requires the oscilloscope to know where the clock transitions. Clock data recovery allows the scope to know where the transition occurs, making equalization possible. Full clock data recovery can only be found in the serial data analysis software package.
emulation. The SDE wizard walks you through seven different equalization scenarios.
- FFE or CTLE are emulated, but the real time eye is not displayed. You will see only
analysis on it such as jitter decompensation.
- No equalization applied. Option 2 is to see the eye with no equalization applied.
- FFE or CTLE are applied only to recover the clock, and the referenced eye is
to easily recover the clock, even on closed eyes.
- Standard DFE emulation. One caveat for this option is that if your real time eye is
FFE or CTLE to open the eye a little bit and then use DFE.
- Standard DFE emulation for a closed eye. Note that FFE or CTLE is used to recover
the clock, but is not displayed in the real time eye.
- FFE is applied and then DFE is applied to the real time eye. Both are displayed in
the resulting real time eye. Figure 2. Equalization options from the wizard.
pole1 and pole2 frequency values to verify your design. Serial data equalization also supports USB 3.1’s specific CTLE. Figure 6. Serial data equalization supports both 2- and 3-pole CTLE.
07 | Keysight | N5461A Serial Data Equalization Software for Infiniium Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet Flexible Clock Recovery Choose constant-frequency, first-order phase-locked loop (PLL), second-order PLL clock recovery, explicit clock, explicit first order PLL, explicit second order PLL or FibreChannel clock recovery methods. Adjust the center frequency and bandwidth, and in the case of second-order PLL, the damping factor. New to the equalization software is the equalized first and second order PLL, which allows you to recover the clock on a closed eye. This is accomplished by first applying FFE or CTLE to the waveform and then recovering the clock, making clock recovery possible even on closed eyes. Oscilloscope Compatibility The Infiniium serial data equalization software is compatible with Infiniium Z-, V- and S-Series, 90000Q, 90000X, 90000A, and 9000 oscilloscopes with operating software revision 1.40 or higher (Windows XP Pro). For oscilloscopes with earlier software revisions, free upgrade software is available at: http://www.keysight.com/find/infiniium_sw_download. The software is also available as part of Infiniium Offline, meaning you can do all your equalization emulation at your PC and not be tied to the oscilloscope.
Ordering Information
To purchase the N5461A Infiniium serial data equalization software for your new or existing Z-, V- and S-Series, 90000Q, 90000X, 90000A, and 9000 oscilloscope, order the following: Figure 7. Clock recovery set up.
08 | Keysight | N5461A Serial Data Equalization Software for Infiniium Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet Keysight Oscilloscopes Multiple form factors from 20 MHz to > 90 GHz | Industry leading specs | Powerful applications Related Literature Publication title Publication number E2688A, N5384A High-Speed Serial Data Analysis and Clock Recovery Software for Infiniium Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet 5989-0108EN Infiniium 90000 Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet 5989-7819EN Infiniium 9000 Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet 5990-3746EN Infiniium 90000 X-Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet 5990-5271EN Infiniium Z-Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet 5991-3868EN Infiniium S-Series High-Definition Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet 5991-3904EN Infiniium V-Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet 5992-0425EN
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10 | Keysight | N5461A Serial Data Equalization Software for Infiniium Series Oscilloscopes - Data Sheet This information is subject to change without notice. © Keysight Technologies, 2010 - 2016 Published in USA, January 29, 2016 5990-3330EN www.keysight.com For more information on Keysight Technologies’ products, applications or services, please contact your local Keysight office. The complete list is available at: www.keysight.com/find/contactus Americas Canada (877) 894 4414 Brazil 55 11 3351 7010 Mexico 001 800 254 2440 United States (800) 829 4444 Asia Pacific Australia 1 800 629 485 China 800 810 0189 Hong Kong 800 938 693 India 1 800 11 2626 Japan 0120 (421) 345 Korea 080 769 0800 Malaysia 1 800 888 848 Singapore 1 800 375 8100 Taiwan 0800 047 866 Other AP Countries (65) 6375 8100 Europe & Middle East Austria 0800 001122 Belgium 0800 58580 Finland 0800 523252 France 0805 980333 Germany 0800 6270999 Ireland 1800 832700 Israel 1 809 343051 Italy 800 599100 Luxembourg +32 800 58580 Netherlands 0800 0233200 Russia 8800 5009286 Spain 800 000154 Sweden 0200 882255 Switzerland 0800 805353 Opt. 1 (DE) Opt. 2 (FR) Opt. 3 (IT) United Kingdom 0800 0260637 For other unlisted countries: www.keysight.com/find/contactus (BP-01-01-16) www.keysight.com/go/quality Keysight Technologies, Inc. DEKRA Certified ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management System myKeysight www.keysight.com/find/mykeysight A personalized view into the information most relevant to you. Three-Year Warranty www.keysight.com/find/ThreeYearWarranty Keysight’s committed to superior product quality and lower total cost of ownership. Keysight is the only test and measurement company with a three-year warranty standard on all instruments, worldwide. And, we provide a one-year warranty on many accessories, calibration devices, systems and custom products. Keysight Assurance Plans www.keysight.com/find/AssurancePlans Up to ten years of protection and no budgetary surprises to ensure your instruments are operating to specification, so you can rely on accurate measurements. Keysight Infoline www.keysight.com/find/service Keysight’s insight to best in class information management. Free access to your Keysight equipment company reports and e-library. Keysight Channel Partners www.keysight.com/find/channelpartners Get the best of both worlds: Keysight’s measurement expertise and product breadth, combined with channel partner convenience. www.keysight.com www.keysight.com/find/sde From Hewlett-Packard through Agilent to Keysight For more than 75 years, we‘ve been helping you unlock measurement insights. Our unique combination of hardware, software and people can help you reach your next breakthrough. Unlocking measurement insights since 1939.