MMIQ-1867LSM

Marki Microwave

Low LO Drive Surface Mount MMIC IQ Mixer

Manufacturer: Marki Microwave

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Technical content

1.1 General Description

The MMIQ-1867LSM is a low LO drive, passive GaAs MMIC IQ mixer. This is an ultra-broadband mixer spanning 18 to 67 GHz on the RF and LO ports with an IF from DC to 23 GHz. Up to 50 dB of image rejection is available due to the excellent phase and amplitude balance of its on- chip LO quadrature hybrid. Both surface QFNs and evaluation boards are available. For a list of recommended LO driver amps for all mixers and IQ mixers, see here.

1.2 Electrical Summary

RF/LO Frequency Range 18 - 67 GHz IF Frequency Range DC - 23 GHz I+Q Conversion Loss 9 dB Image Rejection 32 dB LO-RF Isolation 49 dB

1.3 Applications

▪ Single Side Band & Image Rejection Mixing ▪ IQ Modulation/Demodulation ▪ Vector Amplitude Modulation ▪ Band Shifting ▪ 5G Band Support

1.4 Functional Block Diagram

1.5 Part Ordering Options1

Number Description Package Green Status Product Lifecycle Export Classification MMIQ-1867LSM-2 4x4 mm2 QFN SM RoHS Active EAR99 EVAL-MMIQ-1867L Connectorized module, QFN reflowed onto PCB EVAL RoHS Active EAR99 1 Refer to our website for a list of definitions for terminology presented in this table. QFN

www.markimicrowave.com MMIQ-1867LSM Copyright © [2021] Marki Microwave, Inc. All Rights Reserved. P a g e 2 | R e v . - Table of Contents 3.3 Recommended Operating Conditions . 4 5.3 Evaluation Board Outline Drawing ... 18

Revision History

Revision Code Revision Date Comment - January 2021 Datasheet Initial Release

2.1 Port Diagram

A bottom-up view of the MMIQ-1867LSM’s SMT package outline drawing is shown below. The mixer may be operated as either a downconverter or an upconverter. Use of the RF or IF as the input or output port will depend on the application. See Application Information for input and output port configuration for common applications.

2.2 Port Functions

Port Function Description Equivalent Circuit Pin 3 RF Input/Output Port 3 is DC open and AC matched to 50Ω over the specified RF frequency range. Pin 9 LO Input Port 9 is DC open and AC matched to 50Ω over the specified LO frequency range. Pin 15 I Input / Output Port 15 is diode coupled and AC matched to 50Ω over the specified I port frequency range. Pin 11 Q Input / Output Port 11 is diode coupled and AC matched to 50Ω over the specified Q port frequency range. GND Ground SM package ground path is provided through the ground paddle.

3.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

The Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage may occur to the device. If these limits are exceeded, the device may be inoperable or have a reduced lifetime. Parameter Maximum Rating Units Pin 15 DC Current 30 mA Pin 11 DC Current 30 mA Power Handling, at any Port +26 dBm Operating Temperature -55 to +100 °C Storage Temperature -65 to +125 ºC

3.2 Package Information

ESD Human Body Model (HBM), per MIL-STD-750, Method 1020 1A Weight EVAL package 46.4 g

3.3 Recommended Operating Conditions

The Recommended Operating Conditions indicate the limits, inside which the device should be operated, to guarantee the performance given in Electrical Specifications. Operating outside these limits may not necessarily cause damage to the device, but the performance may degrade outside the limits of the electrical specifications. For limits, above which damage may occur, see Absolute Maximum Ratings. Min Nominal Max Units TA, Ambient Temperature -55 +25 +100 °C LO drive power +8 +13 +19 dBm RF/IF input power +3 dBm

3.4 Sequencing Requirements

There is no requirement to apply power to the ports in a specific order. However, it is recommended to provide a 50Ω termination to each port before applying power. This is a passive diode mixer that requires no DC bias.

3.5 Electrical Specifications

The electrical specifications apply at TA=+25°C in a 50Ω system. Typical data shown is for a down conversion application with a +13 dBm sine wave LO input. Min and Max limits apply only to our connectorized units and are guaranteed at TA=+25°C. All bare die are 100% DC tested and visually inspected. Parameter Test Conditions Min Typical Max Units RF (Pin 3) Frequency Range 18 67 GHz LO (Pin 9) Frequency Range 18 67 I (Pin 15) Frequency Range 0 23 Q (Pin 11) Frequency Range 0 23 Conversion Loss (CL)2 RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz I+Q = DC - 0.2 GHz 9 RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz I+Q = 0.2 - 23 GHz 13 RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz I = DC - 0.2 GHz 12 18 dB RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz I = 0.2 - 23 GHz 16 RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz Q = DC - 0.2 GHz 12 19 RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz Q = 0.2 - 23 GHz 16 Noise Figure (NF)3 RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz I = DC – 0.2 GHz 12 dB RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz Q = DC – 0.2 GHz 12 Image Rejection (IR)4 RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz I+Q = DC – 0.2 GHz 32 dBc Amplitude Balance 0.2 dB Phase Balance 3 ° Isolation LO to RF RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz 48.5 dB LO to I IF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz 43 LO to Q IF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz 55 RF to I RF/IF = 18 - 67 GHz 56 RF to Q RF/IF = 18 - 67 GHz 55 Input IP3 (IIP3)5 I+Q RF/LO = 18 - 67 GHz I = DC – 0.2 GHz +16.5 dBm Input 1 dB Gain Compression Point (P1dB) I +4.5 dBm Q +3.5 2 Measured as an I/Q down converter (i.e., I and Q powers are not combined) 3 Mixer Noise Figure typically measures within 0.5 dB of conversion loss for IF frequencies greater than 5 MHz.

4 Image Rejection and Single sideband performance plots are defined by the upper sideband (USB)

or lower sideband (LSB) with respect to the LO signal. Plots are defined by which sideband is selected by the external IF quadrature hybrid.

5 Typical IIP3 is measured with I and Q ports combined with an external quadrature hybrid coupler

in a down conversion.

3.6 Typical Performance Plots6

6 I output means that the IF output signal is measured at the I port of the mixer and the Q port is

loaded. Q output means the IF output signal is measured at the Q port of the mixer while the I port is loaded.

3.6.2 Typical Performance Plots: 6 GHz IF Downconversion Loss w/ AMM-7210SM LO Driver

Parameter Pin Start Nominal Stop Units RF Input Frequency 21 61 GHz RF Input Power -10 dBm LO Input Frequency 15 55 GHz LO Power at AMM-7210SM Input 0 9 dBm IF Output Frequency I+Q7 15+11 6 GHz TA, Ambient Temperature +25 °C Z0, System Impedance 50 Ω

7 I+Q measurements taken with an external quadrature hybrid attached to the I and Q ports of the

mixer. Orientation depends on up conversion or down conversion measurement.

3.6.2 Typical Performance Plots: IP3

3.6.3 Typical Performance Plots: LO Harmonic Isolation

3.6.4 Typical Performance Plots: Vector Modulator

For approximate vector modulator performance plots, see MMIQ-1865L datasheet section 3.6.

3.6.5 Typical Spurious Performance: Down-Conversion

Typical spurious data is provided by selecting RF and LO frequencies (± m*LO ± n*RF) within the RF/LO bands, to create a spurious output within the IF band. The mixer is swept across the full spurious band and the mean is calculated. Values typically reported are for a -10 dBm RF input. Spurious suppression is scaled for different RF power levels by (n-1), where “n” is the RF spur order. For example, if the 2RF x 2LO spur is 65 dBc for a -10 dBm input, then a -20 dBm RF input creates a spur that is (2-1) x (-10 dB) lower, or 75 dBc. mLOx0RF plots can be found in section 3.6.3 Typical Performance Plots: LO Harmonic Isolation. 0LOx1RF plot is identical to the plot of LO-RF isolation. Typical Down-conversion spurious suppression (dBc): I Port (Q Port) -10 dBm RF Input 0xLO 1xLO 2xLO 3xLO 4xLO 5xLO 1xRF 42 (40) Reference 34 (35) 17 (31) 50 (55) N/A 2xRF 83 (81) 34 (35) 65 (62) 60 (57) 71 (68) 66 (54) 3xRF 81 (83) 56 (57) 99 (102) 71 (71) 99 (100) 100 (104) 4xRF N/A 114 (109) >120 >120 >120 >120 5xRF N/A N/A >120 >120 >120 >120

3.6.6 Typical Spurious Performance: Up-Conversion

Typical spurious data is taken by mixing an input within the IF band, with LO frequencies (± m*LO ± n*IF), to create a spurious output within the RF output band. The mixer is swept across the full spurious output band and the mean is calculated. Values typically reported are for a -10 dBm IF input. Spurious suppression is scaled for different IF input power levels by (n -1), where “n” is the IF spur order. For example, if the 2IFx1LO spur is typically 73 dBc for a -10 dBm input with a sine-wave LO, then a -20 dBm IF input creates a spur that is (2-1) x (-10 dB) lower, or 83 dBc. Typical Up-conversion spurious suppression (dBc): I Port (Q Port) -10 dBm IF Input 0xLO 1xLO 2xLO 3xLO 4xLO 5xLO 1xIF 41 (40) Reference 34 (36) 15 (19) 34 (35) N/A 2xIF 56 (51) 73 (73) 55 (48) 63 (58) 68 (61) 60 (65) 3xIF 69 (69) 69 (69) 91 (93) 54 (52) 96 (96) 93 (93) 4xIF 69 (69) >120 >120 >120 >120 >120 5xIF 70 (70) >120 >120 >120 >120 >120

4.1 Detailed Description

MMIQ-1867 belongs to Marki Microwave’s MMIQ family of mixers. The MMIQ product line consists of passive GaAs MMIC mixers designed and fabricated with GaAs Schottky diodes. MMIQ mixers offer excellent amplitude and phase balance due to its on-chip LO quadrature hybrid. Up to 50 dB of image rejection (i.e., single sideband suppression) can be obtained by using the MMIQ-1867 as an image rejection or single sideband mixer. The MMIQ-1867HSM is the sister mixer of the MMIQ-1867LSM. The MMIQ-1867HSM requires a higher LO drive to operate the mixer. In exchange, the MMIQ-1867HSM displays higher linearity (i.e., higher IIP3, P1dB, Spurious Suppression) than the MMIQ-1867LSM. Marki H and L diodes correspond to different diode forward turn on voltages. Band support for the low frequency 5G frequencies in K and Ka bands is offered by the ultra- broadband performance of the mixer’s RF and LO ports (ports 3 and 9). Direct baseband to Ka band frequency conversions are available by using of this mixer as an up-converter. Traditional use of this mixer to do image reject or single sideband mixing is available with an external IF quadrature hybrid. The MMIQ-1867 is also suitable for use as a Vector Modulator through DC bias of the I and Q ports (pins 15 and 11). Pin 3, the RF port, and Pin 9, the LO port, supports a 18-67 GHz signal. Pins 15 and 11, the I and Q ports, support a DC-23 GHz signal. A signal may be input into any port of the mixer which supports that signal’s frequency. This is the basis of using the mixer as a band shifter. For a given LO power within the recommended operating range, the RF (in the case of a down conversion) or IF (in the case of an up conversion) input power should be below the input 1 dB compression point to avoid signal distortion. The input 1 dB compression point will vary across the mixer’s operating bandwidth and with LO input power. Careful characterization is required for optimal performance for each application. There is no minimum small signal input power required for operation. Excessive RF/IF input power increases non-desired spurious output power and degrades the fundamental conversion loss. Excessive LO input power can also cause this effect. The table below describes how to use an IQ mixer and quad hybrid to select a single sideband. Hybrid Port Mixer Port Sideband Selected 0 I 90 Q 90 I 0 Q Hybrid Port Mixer Port Sideband Selected 0 I 90 Q 90 I 0 Q Up Conversion Lower Sideband Upper Sideband Down Conversion Upper Sideband Lower Sideband

4.2 Down-Converter

A down converter is a mixer application which takes a high frequency small signal RF input, and a high frequency large signal LO input and mixes the signals together to produce a low frequency IF output. The fundamental 1RFx1LO outputs present at the IF port are the fLO-RF and fLO+RF tones. The desired output in a down conversion is typically the fLO-RF term. An image frequency at fImage=f2LO-RF will also down convert to the fLO-RF frequency. The above illustration shows the relative location of the image frequency for a highside LO, or the frequency plan for which f LO > fRF. To use the IQ mixer as a down converter, input a high frequency small signal RF input into pin 3, a high frequency large signal LO input into pin 9, and pull the low frequency IF output from pins 15 and 11. Pins 15 and 11 will output the IF signals I and Q. I and Q IF outputs will be at the same frequency but 90° out of phase (i.e., I and Q are in quadrature). If only a single IF output is desired, terminate either the I or Q ports with a wideband 50Ω load. This is the input scheme was used to take I/Q down-conversion data found in the Typical Performance Plots section.

4.2.1 Image Reject Down-Converter

An image reject mixer is a mixer which rejects the down converted image frequency from the IF output. Image reject mixers are constructed using an external quadrature hybrid attached to the I and Q (i.e., IF) output ports of an IQ mixer. Using the external IF quadrature hybrid, one can select whether the upper sideband or lower sideband signal is suppressed with respect to the LO signal. To use the IQ mixer as an image reject mixer, input the high frequency small signal RF into pin 3 and a high frequency large signal LO input into pin 9. Take the combined I+Q down converted signal through the IF quadrature hybrid. Select the upper sideband (i.e., suppress the lower sideband) by connecting the I port to the 0° port of the IF quadrature hybrid and attach the Q port to the 90° port of the IF quadrature hybrid. Select the lower sideband (i.e., suppress the upper sideband) by attaching the I port to the 90° port of the IF quadrature hybrid and attach the Q port to the 0° port of the IF quadrature hybrid. This is the input scheme was used to take image rejection down-conversion data found in the Typical Performance Plots section. Pin 3 Input Pin 9 Input Pin 11 Output Pin 15 Output c Pin 3 Input Pin 9 Pin 11 Output Pin 15 Output Input

4.3 Up-Converter

An up converter is a mixer application which takes a low frequency small signal IF input, and a high frequency large signal LO input and mixes the signal together to produce a high frequency RF output. The fundamental 1IFx1LO outputs present at the RF port are the fLO-IF and fLO+RF tones. An up conversion can select either the fLO-IF or the fLO+IF tones. The above illustration shows both up converted sidebands with either an I or Q port input signal. To use the IQ mixer as an up converter, input a low frequency small signal IF input into pin 15 or 11, a high frequency large signal LO input into pin 9, and pull the high frequency RF output from pin 3. Input into the Q port will result in a up converted signal that is 90° out of phase with the up converted I port input signal. If only a single IF input is desired, terminate either the I or Q ports with a wideband 50Ω load. This is the input scheme used to take I/Q up-conversion data found in the Typical Performance Plots section.

4.3.1 Single Sideband Up-Converter

A single sideband mixer is a mixer which suppress the up converted image frequency from the RF output. Single sideband mixers are constructed using an external quadrature hybrid attached to the I and Q (i.e., IF) input ports. Using an external IF quadrature hybrid, one can select whether the upper sideband of the lower sideband signal is suppressed with respect to the LO signal. To use the IQ mixer as a single sideband mixer, input the low frequency small signal I+Q IF signal into the IF quadrature hybrid. The IF quadrature hybrid is attached to the I and Q ports of the IQ mixer. Input the high frequency large signal LO input into pin 9 and take the up converted high frequency RF signal from pin 3. Select the upper sideband (i.e., suppress the lower sideband) by attaching the I port to the 90° port of the IF quadrature hybrid and attach the Q port to the 0° port of the IF quadrature hybrid. Select the lower sideband (i.e., suppress the upper sideband) by attaching the I port to the 0° port of the IF quadrature hybrid and attach the Q port to the 90° port of the IF quadrature hybrid. This is the input scheme used to take single sideband up-conversion data found in the Typical Performance Plots section. cv Pin 3 Output Pin 9 Input Pin 11 Input Pin 15 Input Pin 3 Output Pin 11 Input Pin 15 Input Pin 9 Input

4.4 Band Shifter

A band shifter is an unusual application for a mixer. Band shifters take an IF signal and shift it to a different band, generally to either avoid interference or for rebroadcast at a different frequency. For cases in which the desired band shift cannot be employed by using a standard up or down conversion scheme, an exotic input scheme is required. A passive diode mixer is reciprocal on all ports. Pin 3, the RF port, supports a 18-67GHz signal. Pin 9, the LO port, supports a 18-67GHz signal. Pins 15 and 11, the IF ports, support a DC- 23GHz signal. 2 signals input into any combination of the 3 ports, RF, LO, or IF, will result in an output signal at the 3rd port. In addition, an output signal will be present at both input ports. By using the IF port, as a large signal input port, low frequency LO applications can be supported. The diagram above shows an IQ mixer being used as a band shifter. Using an IQ mixer as a band shifter allows for sideband suppression. This is identical to using the IQ mixer as a single sideband up converter. However, the large signal input port is now pin 15 + pin 11 versus pin 9. Selection of the output tone is done through the orientation of the LO quadrature hybrid. To use the mixer as a single sideband band shifter, input a low frequency large signal LO into the external LO quadrature hybrid. Input the high frequency small signal IF signal into Pin 9 and take the high frequency RF output from pin 3. Select the upper sideband (i.e., suppress the lower sideband) by connecting the I port to the 90° port of the IF quadrature hybrid and connect the Q port to the 0° port of the LO quadrature hybrid. Select the lower sideband (i.e., suppress the upper sideband) by connecting the I port to the 0° port of the LO quadrature hybrid and connect the Q port to the 90° port of the LO quadrature hybrid. This is the measurement scheme used to take vector modulator data found in the Typical Performance Plots: Vector Modulator section. Using this input scheme requires careful accounting of which input signal is injecting which port. Injecting a signal into any port which does not support the correct band will lead to a degraded or no output response. Abide by the maximum DC current input into the I and Q ports of the mixer or otherwise irreversible damage to the mixer will occur. The limitation in use of the mixer as an image reject band shifter is in the bandwidth of the external LO quadrature hybrid and bandwidth of the I and Q ports. Pin 3 Output Pin 11 Input Pin 15 Input Pin 9 Input

4.5 Vector Modulator

A vector modulator is a device that can modulate an input signal’s amplitude and phase. Similar to using a double balanced mixer as a phase modulator or phase shifter, an IQ mixer can be used as a vector modulator. An IQ mixer can be used as a vector modulator by inputting DC current into both the I and Q ports. Injecting DC current into both the I and Q ports forward biases both mixer cores and causes them to be shorted. This connects the RF and LO baluns allowing the input signal to pass from balun to balun without a frequency conversion. Modulating the DC current into either or both I and Q mixers causes both the phase and amplitude to modulate based on the polarity of the input current and the magnitude of the input current. Modulating only the I or Q mixers causes the device to behave as a biphase modulator (i.e., the device can only swing the phase from +90° to -90°). To use the IQ mixer as a vector modulator, supply a DC current sufficient to turn on the mixer through both the I and Q ports. Current limiting the DC source to the maximum DC current value found in section 3.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings is recommended to prevent irreversible damage to the vector modulator. The typical DC current required to turn on the vector modulator is <30mA. This is the input scheme used to take vector modulator data found in the Typical Performance Plots: Vector Modulation section. It is recommended to sequence the vector modulator by slowly increasing the DC bias until the vector modulator is operating at the user desired condition. Near the band edges of the vector modulator, more current than is typical for mid-band operation may be necessary to achieve the same amplitude and phase shift. This is due to the on chip LO quadrature hybrid operating near its band edge.

5.1 SM-2 Package Outline Drawing

Substrate material is LCP. 2. I/O Leads and Die Paddle are: 0.05 microns Gold (MAX), over 0.02 microns Palladium (MIN), over 0.5 microns Nickel (Min) 3. All unconnected pads should be connected to PCB RF ground.

5.2 SM Package Footprint

QFN-Package Surface-Mount Landing Pattern Click here for a DXF of the above layout. Click here for leaded solder reflow. Click here for lead-free solder reflow

5.3 Evaluation Board Outline Drawing

Marki Microwave reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice. Marki Microwave makes no warranty, representation, or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Marki Microwave assume any liability whatsoever arising out of the use or application of any product. © Marki Microwave, Inc. www.markimicrowave.com

Product Information

MMIQ-1867LSM specifications and overview.

Summary

Low LO Drive Surface Mount MMIC IQ Mixer

Description

Low LO Drive Surface Mount MMIC IQ Mixer

Source title MMIQ-1867LSM Datasheet(PDF) - Marki Microwave

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