LM111 NSC | Alldatasheet
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Technical content
1.0 General Description
The LM111, LM211 and LM311 are voltage comparators that have input currents nearly a thousand times lower than devices like the LM106 or LM710. They are also designed to operate over a wider range of supply voltages: from standard ±15V op amp supplies down to the single 5V supply used for IC logic. Their output is compatible with RTL, DTL and TTL as well as MOS circuits. Further, they can drive lamps or relays, switching voltages up to 50V at currents as high as 50 mA. Both the inputs and the outputs of the LM111, LM211 or the LM311 can be isolated from system ground, and the output can drive loads referred to ground, the positive supply or the negative supply. Offset balancing and strobe capability are provided and outputs can be wire OR’ed. Although slower than the LM106 and LM710 (200 ns response time vs 40 ns) the devices are also much less prone to spurious oscilla- tions. The LM111 has the same pin configuration as the LM106 and LM710. The LM211 is identical to the LM111, except that its perfor- mance is specified over a −25˚C to +85˚C temperature range instead of −55˚C to +125˚C. The LM311 has a temperature range of 0˚C to +70˚C.
2.0 Features
n Operates from single 5V supply n Input current: 150 nA max. over temperature n Offset current: 20 nA max. over temperature n Differential input voltage range: ±30V n Power consumption: 135 mW at ±15V
3.0 Typical Applications(Note 3)
Note: Do Not Ground Strobe Pin. Output is turned off when current is pulled from Strobe Pin. Increasing Input Stage Current(Note 1) Detector for Magnetic Transducer 00570438 Note 1: Increases typical common mode slew from 7.0V/µs to 18V/µs. 00570439 January 2001 LM111/LM211/LM311 Voltage Comparator © 2004 National Semiconductor Corporation DS005704 www.national.com
3.0 Typical Applications(Note 3) (Continued)
Digital Transmission Isolator Relay Driver with Strobe 00570440 00570441 *Absorbs inductive kickback of relay and protects IC from severe voltage transients on V++ line. Note: Do Not Ground Strobe Pin. Strobing off Both Input and Output Stages(Note 2) 00570442 Note: Do Not Ground Strobe Pin. Note 2: Typical input current is 50 pA with inputs strobed off. Note 3: Pin connections shown on schematic diagram and typical applications are for H08 metal can package. Positive Peak Detector Zero Crossing Detector Driving MOS Logic 00570423 *Solid tantalum 00570424 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 2
4.0 Absolute Maximum Ratings for
the LM111/LM211(Note 10) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Total Supply Voltage (V 84) 36V Output to Negative Supply Voltage (V74) 50V Ground to Negative Supply Voltage (V14) 30V Differential Input Voltage ±30V Input Voltage (Note 4) ±15V Output Short Circuit Duration 10 sec Operating Temperature Range LM111 −55˚C to 125˚C LM211 −25˚C to 85˚C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) 260˚C Voltage at Strobe Pin V +−5V Soldering Information Dual-In-Line Package Soldering (10 seconds) 260˚C Small Outline Package Vapor Phase (60 seconds) 215˚C Infrared (15 seconds) 220˚C See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering surface mount devices. ESD Rating (Note 11) 300V Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Input Offset Voltage (Note 7) T A=25˚C, RS≤50k 0.7 3.0 mV Input Offset Current T A=25˚C 4.0 10 nA Input Bias Current T A=25˚C 60 100 nA Voltage Gain T A=25˚C 40 200 V/mV Response Time (Note 8) T A=25˚C 200 ns Saturation Voltage V IN≤−5 mV, I OUT=50 mA 0.75 1.5 V TA=25˚C Strobe ON Current (Note 9) T A=25˚C 2.0 5.0 mA Output Leakage Current V IN≥5 mV, VOUT=35V 0.2 10 nA TA=25˚C, ISTROBE=3 mA Input Offset Voltage (Note 7) R S≤50 k 4.0 mV Input Offset Current (Note 7) 20 nA Input Bias Current 150 nA Input Voltage Range V +=15V, V−=−15V, Pin 7 −14.5 13.8,-14.7 13.0 V Pull-Up May Go To 5V Saturation Voltage V +≥4.5V, V−=0 0.23 0.4 V VIN≤−6 mV, I OUT≤8m A Output Leakage Current V IN≥5 mV, VOUT=35V 0.1 0.5 µA Positive Supply Current T A=25˚C 5.1 6.0 mA Negative Supply Current T A=25˚C 4.1 5.0 mA Note 4: This rating applies for ±15 supplies. The positive input voltage limit is 30V above the negative supply. The negative input voltage limit is equal to the negative supply voltage or 30V below the positive supply, whichever is less. Note 5: The maximum junction temperature of the LM111 is 150˚C, while that of the LM211 is 110˚C. For operating at elevated temperatures, devices in the H08 package must be derated based on a thermal resistance of 165˚C/W, junction to ambient, or 20˚C/W, junction to case. The thermal resistance of the dual- in-line package is 110˚C/W, junction to ambient. Note 6: These specifications apply for V S=±15V and Ground pin at ground, and −55˚C ≤TA≤+125˚C, unless otherwise stated. With the LM211, however, all temperature specifications are limited to −25˚C≤TA≤+85˚C. The offset voltage, offset current and bias current specifications apply for any supply voltage from a single 5V supply up to ±15V supplies. Note 7: The offset voltages and offset currents given are the maximum values required to drive the output within a volt of either supply witha1m A load. Thus, these parameters define an error band and take into account the worst-case effects of voltage gain and R S. Note 8: The response time specified (see definitions) is for a 100 mV input step with 5 mV overdrive. Note 9: This specification gives the range of current which must be drawn from the strobe pin to ensure the output is properly disabled. Do not short the strobe pin to ground; it should be current driven at 3 to 5 mA. Note 10: Refer to RETS111X for the LM111H, LM111J and LM111J-8 military specifications. Note 11: Human body model, 1.5 k Ω in series with 100 pF. LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com3
5.0 Absolute Maximum Ratings for
the LM311(Note 12) If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Total Supply Voltage (V 84) 36V Output to Negative Supply Voltage (V74) 40V Ground to Negative Supply Voltage (V14) 30V Differential Input Voltage ±30V Input Voltage (Note 13) ±15V Power Dissipation (Note 14) 500 mW ESD Rating (Note 19) 300V Output Short Circuit Duration 10 sec Operating Temperature Range 0˚ to 70˚C Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to 150˚C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec) 260˚C Voltage at Strobe Pin V +−5V Soldering Information Dual-In-Line Package Soldering (10 seconds) 260˚C Small Outline Package Vapor Phase (60 seconds) 215˚C Infrared (15 seconds) 220˚C See AN-450 “Surface Mounting Methods and Their Effect on Product Reliability” for other methods of soldering surface mount devices. Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units Input Offset Voltage (Note 16) T A=25˚C, RS≤50k 2.0 7.5 mV Input Offset Current(Note 16) T A=25˚C 6.0 50 nA Input Bias Current T A=25˚C 100 250 nA Voltage Gain T A=25˚C 40 200 V/mV Response Time (Note 17) T A=25˚C 200 ns Saturation Voltage V IN≤−10 mV, I OUT=50 mA 0.75 1.5 V TA=25˚C Strobe ON Current (Note 18) T A=25˚C 2.0 5.0 mA Output Leakage Current V IN≥10 mV, VOUT=35V TA=25˚C, ISTROBE=3 mA 0.2 50 nA V− = Pin 1 = −5V Input Offset Voltage (Note 16) R S≤50K 10 mV Input Offset Current (Note 16) 70 nA Input Bias Current 300 nA Input Voltage Range −14.5 13.8,−14.7 13.0 V Saturation Voltage V VIN≤−10 mV, I OUT≤8m A Positive Supply Current T A=25˚C 5.1 7.5 mA Negative Supply Current T A=25˚C 4.1 5.0 mA Note 12: “Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not guarantee specific performance limits.” Note 13: This rating applies for ±15V supplies. The positive input voltage limit is 30V above the negative supply. The negative input voltage limit is equal to the negative supply voltage or 30V below the positive supply, whichever is less. Note 14: The maximum junction temperature of the LM311 is 110˚C. For operating at elevated temperature, devices in the H08 package must be derated based on a thermal resistance of 165˚C/W, junction to ambient, or 20˚C/W, junction to case. The thermal resistance of the dual-in-line package is 100˚C/W, j unction to ambient. Note 15: These specifications apply for V S=±15V and Pin 1 at ground, and 0˚C < TA < +70˚C, unless otherwise specified. The offset voltage, offset current and bias current specifications apply for any supply voltage from a single 5V supply up to ±15V supplies. Note 16: The offset voltages and offset currents given are the maximum values required to drive the output within a volt of either supply with 1 mA load. Thus, these parameters define an error band and take into account the worst-case effects of voltage gain and R S. Note 17: The response time specified (see definitions) is for a 100 mV input step with 5 mV overdrive. Note 18: This specification gives the range of current which must be drawn from the strobe pin to ensure the output is properly disabled. Do not short the strobe pin to ground; it should be current driven at 3 to 5 mA. Note 19: Human body model, 1.5 k Ω in series with 100 pF. LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 4
6.0 LM111/LM211 Typical Performance Characteristics
Input Bias Current Input Bias Current 00570443 00570444 Input Bias Current Input Bias Current 00570445 00570446 Input Bias Current Input Bias Current 00570447 00570448 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com5
6.0 LM111/LM211 Typical Performance Characteristics(Continued)
Input Overdrives Output Limiting Characteristics 00570453 00570454 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 6
Supply Current Supply Current 00570455 00570456 Leakage Currents 00570457
7.0 LM311 Typical Performance Characteristics
Input Bias Current Input Offset Current 00570458 00570459 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com7
7.0 LM311 Typical Performance Characteristics(Continued)
Offset Error Input Characteristics 00570460 00570461 Common Mode Limits Transfer Function 00570462 00570463 Response Time for Various Input Overdrives Response Time for Various Input Overdrives 00570464 00570465 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 8
Input Overdrives Output Limiting Characteristics 00570468 00570469 Supply Current Supply Current 00570470 00570471 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com9
8.0 Application Hints
8.1 CIRCUIT TECHNIQUES FOR AVOIDING
OSCILLATIONS IN COMPARATOR APPLICATIONS When a high-speed comparator such as the LM111 is used with fast input signals and low source impedances, the out- put response will normally be fast and stable, assuming that the power supplies have been bypassed (with 0.1 µF disc capacitors), and that the output signal is routed well away from the inputs (pins 2 and 3) and also away from pins 5 and However, when the input signal is a voltage ramp or a slow sine wave, or if the signal source impedance is high (1 kΩ to 100 kΩ), the comparator may burst into oscillation near the crossing-point. This is due to the high gain and wide band- width of comparators like the LM111. To avoid oscillation or instability in such a usage, several precautions are recom- mended, as shown in Figure 1below. 1. The trim pins (pins 5 and 6) act as unwanted auxiliary inputs. If these pins are not connected to a trim-pot, they should be shorted together. If they are connected to a trim-pot, a 0.01 µF capacitor C1 between pins 5 and 6 will minimize the susceptibility to AC coupling. A smaller capacitor is used if pin 5 is used for positive feedback as in Figure 1. 2. Certain sources will produce a cleaner comparator out- put waveform if a 100 pF to 1000 pF capacitor C2 is connected directly across the input pins. 3. When the signal source is applied through a resistive network, R S, it is usually advantageous to choose an RS' of substantially the same value, both for DC and for dynamic (AC) considerations. Carbon, tin-oxide, and metal-film resistors have all been used successfully in comparator input circuitry. Inductive wirewound resistors are not suitable. 4. When comparator circuits use input resistors (eg. sum- ming resistors), their value and placement are particu- larly important. In all cases the body of the resistor should be close to the device or socket. In other words there should be very little lead length or printed-circuit foil run between comparator and resistor to radiate or pick up signals. The same applies to capacitors, pots, etc. For example, if R S=10 kΩ, as little as 5 inches of lead between the resistors and the input pins can result in oscillations that are very hard to damp. Twisting these input leads tightly is the only (second best) alternative to placing resistors close to the comparator. 5. Since feedback to almost any pin of a comparator can result in oscillation, the printed-circuit layout should be engineered thoughtfully. Preferably there should be a groundplane under the LM111 circuitry, for example, one side of a double-layer circuit card. Ground foil (or, posi- tive supply or negative supply foil) should extend be- tween the output and the inputs, to act as a guard. The foil connections for the inputs should be as small and compact as possible, and should be essentially sur- rounded by ground foil on all sides, to guard against capacitive coupling from any high-level signals (such as the output). If pins 5 and 6 are not used, they should be shorted together. If they are connected to a trim-pot, the trim-pot should be located, at most, a few inches away from the LM111, and the 0.01 µF capacitor should be installed. If this capacitor cannot be used, a shielding printed-circuit foil may be advisable between pins 6 and 7. The power supply bypass capacitors should be lo- cated within a couple inches of the LM111. (Some other comparators require the power-supply bypass to be lo- cated immediately adjacent to the comparator.) 6. It is a standard procedure to use hysteresis (positive feedback) around a comparator, to prevent oscillation, and to avoid excessive noise on the output because the comparator is a good amplifier for its own noise. In the circuit of Figure 2, the feedback from the output to the positive input will cause about 3 mV of hysteresis. How- ever, if R S is larger than 100 Ω, such as 50 k Ω, it would not be reasonable to simply increase the value of the positive feedback resistor above 510 k Ω. The circuit of Figure 3could be used, but it is rather awkward. See the notes in paragraph 7 below. LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 10
8.0 Application Hints (Continued)
- When both inputs of the LM111 are connected to active
- These application notes apply specifically to the LM111,
FIGURE 1. Improved Positive Feedback FIGURE 2. Conventional Positive Feedback
9.0 Typical Applications(Pin numbers
FIGURE 3. Positive Feedback with High Source Resistance
9.0 Typical Applications(Pin numbers refer to H08 package) (Continued)
10 Hz to 10 kHz Voltage Controlled Oscillator
*Adjust for symmetrical square wave time when V IN =5m V †Minimum capacitance 20 pF Maximum frequency 50 kHz Driving Ground-Referred Load Using Clamp Diodes to Improve Response 00570416 *Input polarity is reversed when using pin 1 as output. 00570417 TTL Interface with High Level Logic 00570418 *Values shown are fo ra0t o3 0 V logic swing and a 15V threshold. †May be added to control speed and reduce susceptibility to noise spikes. LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com13
Crystal Oscillator Comparator and Solenoid Driver 00570419 00570420 Precision Squarer 00570421 *Solid tantalum †Adjust to set clamp level LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 14
Low Voltage Adjustable Reference Supply 00570422 *Solid tantalum Positive Peak Detector Zero Crossing Detector Driving MOS Logic 00570423 *Solid tantalum 00570424 Negative Peak Detector 00570425 *Solid tantalum LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com15
Precision Photodiode Comparator 00570426 *R2 sets the comparison level. At comparison, the photodiode has less than 5 mV across it, decreasing leakages by an order of magnitude. Switching Power Amplifier 00570427 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 16
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10.0 Schematic Diagram(Note 20)
Note 20: Pin connections shown on schematic diagram are for H08 package. LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 18
11.0 Connection Diagrams
Note: Pin 4 connected to case Top View Order Number LM111H, LM111H/883(Note 21) , LM211H or LM311H See NS Package Number H08C Dual-In-Line Package Dual-In-Line Package 00570434 Top View Order Number LM111J-8, LM111J-8/883(Note 21), LM311M, LM311MX or LM311N See NS Package Number J08A, M08A or N08E 00570435 Top View Order Number LM111J/883(Note 21) See NS Package Number J14A or N14A 00570433 Order Number LM111W/883(Note 21), LM111WG/883 See NS Package Number W10A, WG10A Note 21: Also available per JM38510/10304 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com19
12.0 Physical Dimensionsinches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted
Metal Can Package (H) Order Number LM111H, LM111H/883, LM211H or LM311H Cavity Dual-In-Line Package (J) Order Number LM111J-8, LM111J-8/883 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 20
12.0 Physical Dimensionsinches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)
Dual-In-Line Package (J) Order Number LM111J/883 Dual-In-Line Package (M) Order Number LM311M, LM311MX LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com21
Dual-In-Line Package (N) Order Number LM311N Order Number LM111W/883, LM111WG/883 LM111/LM211/LM311 www.national.com 22
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