U209B

U209B_07 ATMEL | Alldatasheet

Document overview

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Technical content

Features

• Internal Frequency-to-voltage Converter  Externally Controlled Integrated Amplifier  Automatic Soft Start with Minimized “Dead Time”  Voltage and Current Synchronization  Retriggering  Triggering Pulse Typically 155 mA  Internal Supply-voltage Monitoring  Temperature-compensated Reference Source  Current Requirement ≤ 3m A 1. Description The integrated circuit U209B is designed as a phase-control circuit in bipolar technol- ogy with an internal frequency-to-voltage converter. The device includes an internal open-loop amplifier, which means it can be used for motor speed control with tacho feedback. The U209B is a 14-pin shrink version of t he U211B with reduced features. Using the U209B, the designer is able to realize sophisticated as well as economic motor control systems. Figure 1-1. Block Diagram Control amplifier Voltage monitoring Reference voltage Output pulse Frequency- to-voltage converter Phase control unit Soft start 10(10) Voltage/Current detector Automatic retriggering 14(16) 1(1) 4(4) ϕ = f (V11) -VS GND -VS 5(5) 6(6) 3(3) 2(2) 13(15) 9(9) U209B Supply voltage limitation Pin numbers in brackets refer to SO16 Package Phase Control IC for Tacho

Applications

4765C–INDCO–02/07

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B Figure 1-2. Block Diagram with Typical Circuitry for Speed Regulation R 220 kΩ R 470 kW R S3.3 nF GND C 22 25 V C 2.2 16 V R 220Ω M R 18 kΩ D 2 W R 2 M Ω 68 kΩ R C 100 nF 2.2 16 VC C 220 nF 22 kΩ R C 3 2.2 16 V C 1 nF R 1 kΩ Speed sensor C 220 nF L N V M

230 V ~

m onitoring Supply voltage lim itation Reference voltage Output pulse Frequency- to-voltage converter Phase control unit Soft start 10 9 6 3 2 13 Voltage/Current detector Autom atic retriggering = f (V 11) + - s C Actual speed voltage 680 kΩ R 100 kΩ C 2.2 /16 V R 100 kΩ R 56 kΩR 47 kΩ Set speed voltage µF µF µF µF µF ϕ U209B

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B 2. Pin Configuration Figure 2-1. Pinning DIP14 Isync GND -VS Output VRP CP F/V CRV OP- OP+ CTR/OPO Csoft VRef Vsync1 Table 2-1. Pin Description Pin Symbol Function 1I sync Current synchronization

2 GND Ground

4 Output Trigger pulse output

7 F/V Frequency-to-voltage converter

9 OP- OP inverting input

10 OP+ OP non-inverting input

11 CTR/OPO Control input/OP output

13 V Ref Reference voltage

14 V sync Voltage synchronization

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B Figure 2-2. Pinning SO16 Isync GND -VS Output VRP CP F/V CRV OP- OP+ CTR/OPO Csoft VRef Vsync NC NC Table 2-2. Pin Description Pin Symbol Function 1I sync Current synchronization

13 NC Not connected

14 NC Not connected

16 V sync Voltage synchronization

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B 3. Description

3.1 Mains Supply

The U209B is equipped with voltage limiting and can therefore be supplied directly from the mains. The supply voltage between pin 2 (+ pol/ ⊥) and pin 3 builds up across D 1 and R1, and is smoothed by C1. The value of the series resistance can be approximated using: Further information regarding the design of the mains supply can be found in the section “Design Calculations for Mains Supply” on page 9 . The reference voltage source on pin 13 of typically -8.9 V is derived from the supply voltage and represents the reference level of the control unit. Operation using an externally stabilized DC voltage is not recommended. If the supply cannot be taken directly from the mains because the power dissipation in R 1 would be too large, the circuit as shown in Figure 3-1 should be used. Figure 3-1. Supply Voltage for High Current Requirements

3.2 Phase Control

The function of the phase control is largely identical to that of the well known integrated circuit U2008B. The phase angle of the trigger pulse is derived by comparing the ramp voltage (which is mains synchronized by the voltage detector) with the set value on the control input pin 4. The slope of the ramp is determined by C2 and its charging current. The charging current can be var- ied using R2 on pin 5. The maximum phase angle αmax can also be adjusted by using R2. When the potential on pin 6 reaches the nominal value predetermined at pin 11, a trigger pulse is generated whose width t p is determined by the value of C 2 (the value of C 2 and hence the pulse width can be evaluated by assuming 8 µs/nF). The current sensor on pin 1 ensures that, for oper ation with inductive loads, no pulse is gener- ated in a new half cycle as long as a current from the previous half cycle is still flowing in the opposite direction to the supply voltage at that instant. This makes sure that “gaps” in the load current are prevented. The control signal on pin 11 can be in the range 0 V to -7 V (reference point pin 2). If V11 = -7 V, the phase angle is at maximum = αmax, i.e., the current flow angle is at minimum. The minimum phase angle αmin is when V11 = Vpin 2. VM VS– 2 IS 123 4 5 C1R1 24 V~ U209B

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B

3.3 Voltage Monitoring

As the voltage is built up, uncontrolled output pulses are avoided by internal voltage surveil- lance. At the same time, all latches in the circuit (phase control, soft start) are reset and the soft-start capacitor is short-circuited. Used with a switching hysteresis of 300 mV, this system guarantees defined start-up behavior each time the suppl y voltage is switched on or after short interruptions of the mains supply.

3.4 Soft Start

As soon as the supply voltage builds up (t 1), the integrated soft start is initiated. Figure 3-2 shows the behavior of the voltage across the soft-start capacitor, which is identical with the volt- age on the phase control input on pin 11. This behavior guarantees a gentle start-up for the motor and automatically ensures the optimum run-up time. C3 is first charged up to the starting voltage V o with typically 30 µA current (t 2). By reducing the charging current to approximately 4 µA, the slop e of the charging function is also substantially reduced, so that the rotational speed of the mo tor only slowly increases. The charging current then increases as the voltage across C3 increases giving a progressively rising charging function which accelerates the motor with increasing rotational speed. The charging function determines the acceleration up to the set-point. The charging current can have a maximum value of 50 mA. Figure 3-2. Soft Start VC3 t V12 ttot t1 = build-up of supply voltage t2 = charging of C3 to starting voltage t1 + t2 = dead time t3 = run-up time ttot = total start-up time to required speed

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B

3.5 Frequency-to-voltage Converter

The internal frequency-to-voltage converter (f/V converter) generates a DC signal on pin 9 which is proportional to the rotational speed, using an AC signal from a tacho generator or a light beam whose frequency is in turn dependent on the rotational speed. The high impedance input with a switch-on threshold of typically -100 mV gives ve ry reliable operation even when relatively sim- ple tacho generators are employed. The tacho frequency is given by: n = revolution per minute p = number of pulses per revolution The converter is based on the charge pumping principle. With each negative half wave of the input signal, a quantity of charge determined by C 5 is internally amplified and then integrated by C6 at the converter output on pin 9. The conversion constant is determined by C 5, its charging voltage of Vch, R6 (pin 9) and the internally adjusted charge amplification Gi. k = Gi × C5 × R6 × Vch The analog output voltage is given by Vo = k × f where: V ch = 6.7 V Gi = 8.3 The values of C 5 and C6 must be such that for the highest possible input frequency, the maxi- mum output voltage V 0 does not exceed 6 V. The R i on pin 8 is approximately 6 k Ω while C5 is charging up. To obtain good linearity of the f/V converter the time constant resulting from R i and C5 should be considerably less (1/5) than the time span of the negative half cycle for the highest possible input frequency. The amount of remaining ripple on the output voltage on pin 9 is dependent on C5, C6 and the internal charge amplification. The ripple ∆Vo can be reduced by using larger values of C 6, however, the maximum conversion speed will then also be reduced. The value of this capacitor should be chosen to fi t the particular control loop where it is going to be used. f n ∆VO Gi Vch× C5×

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B

3.6 Control Amplifier

The integrated control amplifier with differential input compares the set value (pin 10) with the instantaneous value on pin 9, and generates a regulating voltage on the output pin 11 (together with external circuitry on pin 12). This pin always tries to keep the real voltage at the value of the set voltages. The amplifier has a transmittance of typically 110 µA/V and a bipolar current source output on pin 11 which operates with typically ±100 µA. The amplification and frequency response are determined by R7, C7, C8 and R8 (can be left out). For operation as a power divider, C4, C5, R6, C6, R7, C7, C8 and R8 can be left out. Pin 9 should be connected with pin 11 and pin 7 with pin 2. The phase angle of the triggering pulse can be adjusted using the voltage on pin 10. An internal limiting circuit prevents the voltage on pin 11 from becoming more negative than V 13 + 1 V.

3.7 Pulse-output Stage

The pulse-output stage is short-circuit protected and can typically deliver currents of 125 mA. For the design of smaller triggering currents, the function I GT = f (RGT) can be taken from Figure 6-8 on page 15.

3.8 Automatic Retriggering

The automatic retriggering prevents half cycles without current flow, even if the triacs have been turned off earlier, e.g., due to not exactly centered collector (brush lifter) or in the event of unsuc- cessful triggering. If necessary, another triggering pulse is generated after a time lapse of tPP =4 . 5tP and this is repeated until either the triac fires or the half cycle finishes.

3.9 General Hints and Explanation of Terms

To ensure safe and trouble-free operation, the following points should be taken into consider- ation when circuits are being constructed or in the design of printed circuit boards. The connecting lines from C2 to pin 6 and pin 2 should be as short as possible, and the connec- tion to pin 2 should not carry any additional high current such as the load current. When selecting C2, a low temperature coefficient is desirable. The common (earth) connections of the set-point generator, the tacho generator and the final interference suppression capacitor C4 of the f/V converter should not carry load current. The tacho generator should be mounted without influence by strong stray fields from the motor.

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B Figure 3-3. Explanation of Terms in Phase Relationship

3.10 Design Calculati ons for Mains Supply

The following equations can be used for t he evaluation of the series resistor R 1 for worst case conditions: where: VM = Mains voltage 230 V VS = Supply voltage on pin 3 Itot = Total DC current requirement of the circuit = IS + Ip + Ix ISmax = Current requirement of the IC in mA Ip = Average current requirement of the triggering pulse Ix = Current requirement of other peripheral components R1 can be easily evaluated from Figure 6-10 on page 15 to Figure 6-12 on page 16. V VGT VL IL π/2 π 3/2π 2π tp tpp = 4.5 tp Mains Supply Trigger Pulse Load Voltage Load Current ϕ Φ R1max 0.85 VMmin VSmax–

2 Itot

VM VSmin–

2 ISmax

P R1max() VMmax VSmin–() 2 2 R1

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B Electrostatic sensitive device. Observe precautions for handling. 4. Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Reference point pin 2, unless otherwise specified Parameters Pins Symbol Value Unit Current requirement 3 -I S 30 mA t ≤ 10 µs 3 -i s 100 mA Synchronization current 1 I syncI 5m A

14 I syncV 5m A

t < 10 µs 1 ±i I 35 mA t < 10 µs 14 ±i V 35 mA f/V Converter Input current 7 I eff 3m A t <10 µs 7 ±i i 13 mA Phase Control Input voltage 11 -V I 0 to 7 V Input current 11 ±I I 500 µA Soft Start Input voltage 12 -V I |V13| to 0 V Pulse Output Reverse voltage 4 V R VS to 5 V Amplifier Input voltage 10 -V I |VS| Pin 8 open 9 -V I |V13| to 0 V Reference Voltage Source Output current 13 I o 7.5 mA Power dissipation Tamb = 45° C Tamb = 80° C Ptot Ptot 570 320 mW mW Storage temperature range T stg -40 to +125 ° C Junction temperature T j 125 ° C Ambient temperature range T amb -10 to +100 ° C 5. Thermal Resistance Parameters Symbol Value Unit Junction ambient DIP14 SO16 on p.c. board SO16 on ceramic substrate RthJA RthJA RthJA 140 180 100 K/W K/W K/W

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B 6. Electrical Characteristics -VS = 13.0 V, Tamb = 25° C, reference point pin 2, unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions Pins Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Supply voltage for mains operation 3 -V S 13.0 V Limit V Supply voltage limitation -IS = 3 mA -IS = 30 mA 3- V S 14.6 14.7 16.6 16.8 V V DC supply current -V S = 13.0 V 3 -I S 1.1 2.5 3.0 mA Reference voltage source -IL = 10 µA -IL = 5 mA 13 V Ref 8.6 8.3 8.9 9.2 9.1 V V Temperature coefficient 13 TC VRef 0.5 mV/K Voltage Monitoring Turn-on threshold 3 -V TON 11.2 13 V Turn-off threshold 3 -V TOFF 9.9 10.9 V Phase-control Currents Current synchronization 1 ±I syncI 0.35 2.0 mA Voltage synchronization 14 ±I syncV 0.35 2.0 mA Voltage limitation ±I L = 5 mA 1, 14 ±V I 1.4 1.6 1.8 V Reference Ramp (see Figure 6-1 on page 12) Charge current I6 = f (R5) R5 = 1 kΩ to 820 kΩ 6I 6 12 0 µ A Rϕ-reference voltage α ≥ 180° 5, 3 V ϕRef 1.06 1.13 1.18 V Temperature coefficient 5 TC VϕRef 0.5 mV/K Output Pulse Output pulse current R V = 0, VGT = 1.2 V 4 I O 100 155 190 mA Reverse current 4 I OR 0.01 3.0 µA Output pulse width 5, 2 t p 8µ s / n F Automatic Retriggering Repetition rate 4 t pp 34 . 56 t p Amplifier Common-mode signal range 9, 10 V ICR (V13 - 1V ) (V2 - 1V ) V Input bias current 10 I IB 0.01 1 mA Input offset voltage 9, 10 V IO 10 mV Output current 11 -IO +IO 110 120 145 165 µA µA Short circuit forward, transmittance I 11 = f (V9/10)1 1 Y f 1000 µA/V

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B Figure 6-1. Ramp Control Frequency-to-voltage Converter Input bias current 7 I IB 0.6 2 µA Input voltage limitation ±I I = -1 mA 7 -VI +VI 660 7.25 750 8.05 mV V Turn-on threshold 7 -V TON 100 150 mV Turn-off threshold 7 -V TOFF 20 50 mV Discharge current ( Figure 1-2 on page 2)8 I dis 0.5 mA Charge transfer voltage 8 V ch 6.50 6.70 6.90 V Charge transfer gain I 9/I8 8, 9 G i 7.5 8.3 9.0 Conversion factor C 8 = 1 nF, R9 = 100 kΩ k 5.5 mV/Hz Output operating range f/V output, reference point pin 13 9V O 0-6 V Linearity ±1 % Soft Start, f/V Converter Non-active (see Figure 6-3 on page 13 and Figure 6-4 on page 13) Starting current V 12 = V13, V7 = V2 12 I O 20 30 50 µA Final current V 12 = -0.5 V 12 I O 50 85 130 µA Soft Start, f/V Converter Active (see Figure 6-2 on page 13, Figure 6-5 on page 14) Starting current V 12 = V13 12 I O 246 µ A Final current V 12 = -0.5 V 12 I O 30 55 80 µA Discharge current Restart pulse 12 -I O 0.5 3 10 mA 6. Electrical Characteristics (Continued) -VS = 13.0 V, Tamb = 25° C, reference point pin 2, unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions Pins Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 120 160 200 240 Phase Angle α (°) Rϕ (MΩ) 1.0 10 nF 4.7 nF Reference Point Pin 2 2.2 nF Cϕ/t = 1.5 nF

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B 8. Package Information 7. Ordering Information Extended Type Number Package Remarks U209B-MY DIP14 Tube, Pb-free U209B-MFPY SO16 Tube, Pb-free U209B-MFPG3Y SO16 Taped and reeled, Pb-free technical drawings according to DIN specifications 4.8 max Dimensions in mm 20.0 max 1.64 1.44 3.30.5 min 0.58 0.48 2.54 15.24 14 8 7.77 7.47 6.4 max 0.36 max 9.8 8.2

4765C–INDCO–02/07 U209B 9. Revision History technical drawings according to DIN specifications Dimensions in mm 10.0 9.85 8.89 0.4 1.27 1.4 0.25 0.10 5.2 4.8 3.7 3.8 6.15 5.85 0.2 16 9 Please note that the following page numbers referred to in this section refer to the specific revision mentioned, not to this document. Revision No. History 4765C-INDCO-02/07

• Put datasheet in a new template
• Pb-free logo on page 1 deleted
• ESD information from page 1 removed and put on page 10
• Figure 2-2 “Pinning SO16” on page 4 changed
• Table 2-2 “Pin Description” on page 4 changed
• Section 7 “Ordering Information” on page 17 changed 4765B-INDCO-08/05
• Put datasheet in a new template
• First page: Pb-free logo added
• Page 17: Ordering Information changed

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