PM9603AP SAMES | Alldatasheet
Document overview
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Technical content
FEATURES
n Performs both power and energy measurement n Meets the accuracy requirements for Class 1 AC Watt hour meters n Protected against ESD n Total power consumption rating below 500mW (excluding current sensing) SINGLE PHASE POWER/ENERGY METERING MODULE SPI INTERFACE n Uses a shunt resistor for current sensing n Operates over a wide temperature range n Isolated SPI interface.
DESCRIPTION
The SAMES single phase power/energy metering module, the PM9603AP, provides energy data via a isolated SPI interface. Energy consumption is determined by the power measurement being integrated over time. The method of calculation takes the power factor into account. The output of this innovative universal power/energy meter is ideally suited for energy calculations in applications using a micro-controller. The application utilises the SAMES SA9603B power metering integrated circuit for power measurement. As a safety measure, this application shows the current sensor connected to the neutral line. In practice, the live line may be used for current sensing, provided that the supply connections (MAINS) are reversed on the module. 7131 PDS038-SA9603B-001 REV.A 5-09-97
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* Parameter Symbol Min Max Unit Supply Voltage (Note 1) V AC 300 V Current Sense Input (Note 1) VIV -2.5 +2.5 V Storage Temperature T STG -25 +125 °C Operating Temperature T O -10 +70 (Note 2) °C Max Current I MAX 800 (Note 3) A through Sensor I MAX 2000 (Note 4) A Note 1: Voltages are specified with reference to Live. Note 2: The SA9603B integrated circuit is specified to operate over the temperature range -10°C to +70°C. The module functionality will however depend upon the external components used. Note 3: t = 500ms Note 4: t = 1ms *Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only. Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification, is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. BLOCK DIAGRAM DR- 01349 POWER SUPPLY LI VE VOLTAGE SENSE NEUTRAL NEUTRAL NEUTRAL IN OUT IN SHUNT SA9603B POWER METER WI TH SPI BUS D- su b CO NNECT OR OPTO- COUP L ER OPTO- COUP L ER
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Over the temperature range -10°C to +70°C, unless otherwise specified. Power consumption figures are applicable to the PM9603APE only.) Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Condition Supply Voltage V AC 180 230 265 V PM9603APE (Continuous) 90 115 135 V PM9603APA Power Measurement P RNG -18400 18400 W Specified range accuracy Power Consumption1 800 mW V AC = 230V Supply direct from mains Isolation Voltage
2 VIS 2500 V Continuous
Current I O 10 mA V OL = 1V Opto-coupler Input Current I I 10 mA Note 1: Power consumption specifications exclude power consumed by the current sensor. Note 2: Isolation voltage may be specified, depending on customer requirements. CONNECTION DESCRIPTION Designation Description MAINS Voltage supply connection to Neutral line Voltage supply connection to Live line NEUTRAL IN Connection to positive side of current sensor NEUTRAL OUT Connection to negative side of current sensor SK1 P1 Supply (+ve) to opto-couplers 25-Way female P2 Input SA9603B - SCK (D-type) P8 Input SA9603B - DI P9 Input SA9603B - CS P12 Output SA9603B - DO P18, 20-25 Common emitters and cathodes opto-couplers
- Power Calculation In the Application Circuit (see Figure 2), the output current from the current sensor will be between 0 and 16µA RMS (0 to 80A through a shunt resistor of 625µΩ ). The current input stage of the module, saturates at input currents greater than 18µARMS . The mains voltage (Voltage + 15% - 20%) is used to supply the circuitry with power. A SA9603B utilize current information from the current sensor (shunt resistor), together with the mains voltage to perform the power calculation. The SA9603B integrated circuits may be adjusted to accommodate any voltage or current values. The method for calculating external component values is described in paragraph 6 (Circuit Description). SAMES offers two evaluation module options, namely 230V/80A and 115V/80A. The on chip registers are accessed via the isolated SPI bus. 2. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection The device's inputs/outputs are protected against ESD according to the Mil-Std 883C, method 3015. The modules resistance to transients will be dependant upon the protection components used. 3. Power Consumption The overall power consumption rating for this power metering application (Figure 2), is under 500mW, excluding the current sensor, when the supply is taken directly from the mains. 4. Isolation The reference of the module is connected to neutral. 5. Isolated Input/Output Interface The isolated interface is provided to allow the user to access the registers of the SA9603B. A 25-Way D type connector (female) is provided on the PM9603AP module. The connector SK1 connects via a one to one connected cable to a Personal Computer parallel port. 6. Circuit Description In the Application Circuits, (Figures 1), the components required for power metering applications are shown. In Figure 1, a shunt resistor is used for current sensing. In this application, the circuitry requires a +2.5V, 0V, -2.5V DC supply.
The current sense input requires a differential approach to cater for precision across the dynamic range. It is therefore important that the PC board layout of the branches to the sensing element, are as symmetrical as possible and the loop area is kept to a minimum. The most important external components for the SA9603B integrated circuit are: R 2, R1 and RSH are the resistors defining the current level into the current sense input. The values should be selected for an input current of 16µARMS into the SA9603B at rated line current. Values for RSH of less than 200µΩ should be avoided. R 1 = R2 = (IL/16µARMS ) * RSH/2 Where I L = Line current RSH = Shunt resistor/termination resistor R 3, R6 and R4 set the current for the voltage sense input. The values should be selected so that the input current into the voltage sense input (virtual ground) is set to 14µA RMS . R 7 defines all on-chip bias and reference currents. With R7 = 24kΩ , optimum conditions are set. XTAL is a colour burst TV crystal (f = 3.5795MHz) for the oscillator. The oscillator frequency is divided down to 1.7897MHz on-chip and supplies the A/D converters and the digital circuitry. 7. Demonstration Software Software which runs under Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 is provided with each evaluation module. See README.TXT on the diskette supplied for the installation instructions. 8. Sample C source code The following software demonstrates how to synchronize the reading of the registers to the SA9603B's internal offset cancellation scheme. The software is also available on the SAMES Internet web pages.
Figure 1: Connection Diagram PA R ALLE L P OR T SHUN T C11A DR -0 1350 C13 C14 C11B R3A ZD1 R3B C10 ZD2 R10 L IN N IN SAMES C12 C15 XTAL OP TIO NA L R12 LK1 LK2 R11 R13 R17 R18 P M 960 3A P R16 R14 R15 R1A L OU T N OU T
Figure 2: Application using a Shunt Resistor for Current Sensing, having a PC (Personal Computer) Interface. SK 1 DB25 470n /250V 1N 414 8 1N 414 8 S uppl y 680R 100u C1 4+ 100u R1 0 C1 3+ 470R /2W 680R ZD 1 100n C1 0 100n ZD 2 2.4V C92.4V dr-01 351 Grou nd Pl ane XT AL C1 5 820n 3.5795 45MH z S A9 603B VD D TP 9 OSCO OSCI DO DI
7 T EST VS S
1.6k 24k R1R2 1.6k II P IVP
3 VR EF CS
IC2A2.4k 15 IC2C R1 2 2.4k 11 R1 7 680R IL Q7 4 IL Q7 4 IL Q7 4 680R R1 6 IC2D IC2B R1 4 8 680R 2.4k R1 1 24k1M R4 R6 R1 8 IL Q7 4 680R R2 0 1
Parts List For Application Circuit: Figure 2 Item Symbol Description Detail
1 IC-1 SA9603B DIP-20
2 IC-2 Opto Coupler, ILQ74 DIP-16
3 D1 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148
4 D2 Diode, Silicon, 1N4148
5 ZD1 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW 6 ZD2 Diode, Zener, 2.4V, 200mW 7 XTAL Crystal, 3.5795MHz Colour burst TV 8 R1 Resistor, 1.6k Ω , 1%, metal Note 1 9 R2 Resistor, 1.6k Ω , 1%, metal Note 1
10 R3A Resistor, 1%, metal Note 2
11 R3B Resistor, 1%, metal Note 2
12 R4 Resistor, 1M, ¼W
13 R5 Resistor, 470 Ω , 2W, 5%, carbon
14 R6 Resistor, 24k, ¼W, metal
15 R7 Resistor, 24k, ¼W, metal
16 R9 Resistor, 680 Ω , ¼W, 5%
17 R10 Resistor, 680 Ω , ¼W, 5%
18 R11 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5% 19 R12 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5% 20 R13 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5%
21 R14 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
22 R15 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
23 R16 Resistor, 2.4k, ¼W, 5%
24 R17 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
25 R18 Resistor, 680R, ¼W, 5%
26 C9 Capacitor, 100nF
27 C10 Capacitor, 100nF
28 C11 Capacitor, polyester Note 2
29 C12 Capacitor, 1000µF, 16V
30 C13 Capacitor, 100µF, 16V
31 C14 Capacitor, 100µF, 16V
32 C15 Capacitor, 820nF, 16V
33 RSH Shunt Resistor, 80A, 50mV (625µ Ω ) Note 1
Note 1: Resistor (R1 and R2) values are dependant upon the selected value of RSH. See paragraph 6 (Circuit Description) when selecting the value for RSH. Note 2: See the table below, detailing the component values for the selected voltage standard.
12 R3A 120k Ω 200kΩ
13 R3B 82k Ω 180kΩ
31 C11 1µF 0.47µF
ORDERING INFORMATION
PM9603APA 115V, 80A Module PM9603APE 230V, 80A Module
// This program will read the registers from a SA9603B device and // display the content on the screen. // The program work on a PM9603AP demonstration module. #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #define PI 3.141593 #define win_size 20 // Definitions for the parallel port #define CLK_b 0x20 //D5 on port pin 7 #define DO_b 0x40 //D6 on port pin 8 #define DI_b 0x20 //Paper out pin 12 #define CS_b 0x80 //D7 on port pin 9 #define PCTrig 0x02 //D1 on port pin 3 //#define freq_bits 0x00FFFF //#define inv_bits 0x0C0000 #define freq_bits 0x01FFFF // D16..D0 #define inv_bits 0x0E0000 #define bits_50hz 0x080000 // Mask definitions for the parallele port #define CLK_m ~CLK_b //D5 on port pin 7 #define DO_m ~DO_b //D6 on port pin 8 #define DI_m ~DI_b //Paper out pin 12 #define CS_m ~CS_b //D7 on port pin 9 #define byte_mask 0x80 //1000 0000 #define CLOCKFREQ 3579545 #define LPT1 0x378 #define LPT2 0x278 // Glogal variables unsigned char portval; double arr_energy[win_size],arr_volt[win_size],arr_reactive[win_size]; long delay_time;
int prt, buffindex = 0; double convert_24bits(double value) // This function will sort out the 24 bits of the register values if (fabs(value) > 0x7FFFFF) if (value > 0) value = (16777216-value) * (-1); else value = (16777216+value)* (1); return(value); void spi_wait(void) // This function will wait for the specified period, very short time int ti; for (ti = 1; ti < 1 ; ti++); void spi_out(unsigned char value) // Put value on the parallel port int n; portval = value; outport(prt,(~portval)); // Remove the ~ if you dont use opto couplers for(n=0 ; n< delay_time ; n++); // Specify the pulse width void spi_clock(void) // This function will pulse CLK pin of spi port spi_wait(); spi_out(portval | CLK_b); // or spi_wait();
spi_out(portval ^ CLK_b); // xor void spi_PCTrig(void) // This function will set the PC trigger pin spi_out(portval & (~PCTrig)); // and spi_wait(); void spi_ClearPCTrig(void) // This function will clear the PC trigger pin spi_out(portval | PCTrig); // or void spi_cs(void) // This function will set CSs pin of spi port spi_out(portval | CS_b); // or void spi_reset(void) // all bits of the port are made 0 spi_out(portval & CLK_m); spi_out(portval & DO_m); spi_out(portval & CS_m); void spi_start_read(unsigned char value) // All bits of the port are made 0 int counter; unsigned char and_mask,mask; mask = 0x80; value = (value | 0xC0 ); // Put the header for the adress 110—
for ( counter = 0; counter <8; counter++) and_mask = (mask & value); if (and_mask == mask) spi_out(portval | DO_b); // 1 spi_clock(); else spi_out(portval & DO_m); // 0 spi_clock(); value = value << 1; spi_clock(); // sort out the extra clock cycle between command & response unsigned long spi_read_register(void) // This function will read 24 bits of a register // the register to be red would be indicated by the // preceding spi_start_read function int counter; unsigned char and_mask,mask; unsigned long fromport; fromport = 0 ; for ( counter = 0; counter < 24; counter++) spi_clock(); if (((inportb(prt+1)) & DI_b) == DI_b) fromport = fromport+ pow(2,(23-counter)); return(fromport);
/* Main Function. void main (int argc,char *argv[]) { FILE *out; char key; int port,del_time ; long act , react , volt , freq, old_freq, act1, react1,volt1,prev_inv_bits; double k, active, reactive, voltage,fm,vm; int first = 1; fm = 0; act= 0; react= 0; volt= 0; freq = 0; del_time = 0; if (argc == 3 ) { delay_time = atol(argv[2]); prt = atol(argv[1]); if(prt == 1) prt = LPT1; else prt = LPT2; } else { printf(“\\nusage : CHIP9603 <portnum> <SPI clock delay lime>\\n”); printf(“ <portnum> = 1 or 2 (lpt port
number)\\n”); printf(“ <SPI clock delay lime> = For loop delay\\n”); printf(“ use 1000 for a 486dx266 \\n”); exit(0); clrscr(); while(key !=’q’) if(bioskey(1)) { key = bioskey(0); old_freq = freq; spi_reset(); spi_cs(); spi_start_read(3); freq = spi_read_register(); // Get the rising edge if the inversion bits if (((freq & bits_50hz) == bits_50hz ) //D19 is now set && ((old_freq & bits_50hz) != bits_50hz)) //D19 was not set previously // The following is used to indicate that //registers is read every 8th mains cycle spi_PCTrig(); delay(1); spi_ClearPCTrig(); //del_time is the amount of inversion cycles to wait before //reading the rest of the register values. del_time ++; if(del_time == 10) // 5 x 8 mains cycles time to integrate registers // spi_PCTrig();
spi_reset(); spi_cs(); spi_start_read(0); act = spi_read_register(); react = spi_read_register(); volt = spi_read_register(); // Now calculate the incremental difference and take care of register // overflow as well as the sign of register values active = convert_24bits(act - act1); reactive = convert_24bits(react - react1); voltage = convert_24bits(volt1 - volt); k = (1/((double)(freq&freq_bits)*del_time)) * 80 * 230/(1.44*2); fm = (double)((CLOCKFREQ/2)/((double)(freq & freq_bits))); vm = (double)voltage * ((14/17.5)*0.63)/ ((double)(freq&freq_bits)*del_time) *230; if (first == 0){ printf(“%08.2f \\t”,active*k); printf(“%08.2f \\t”,(reactive*k*PI/2)); printf(“%08.2f \\t”,vm); printf(“%08.4f \\t”,fm); printf(“%5.2f \\n”,(del_time*(8/fm))); first = 0; act1 = act; react1= react; volt1 = volt; del_time = 0; }//while
Notes:
Any Sales or technical questions may be posted to our e-mail address below: energy@sames.co.za For the latest updates on datasheets, please visit out web site: http://www.sames.co.za South African Micro-Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd P O Box 15888, 33 Eland Street, Lynn East, Koedoespoort Industrial Area,
0039 Pretoria,
Republic of South Africa, Republic of South Africa Tel: 012 333-6021 Tel: Int +27 12 333-6021 Fax: 012 333-8071 Fax: Int +27 12 333-8071 Disclaimer: The information contained in this document is confidential and proprietary to South African Micro- Electronic Systems (Pty) Ltd ("SAMES") and may not be copied or disclosed to a third party, in whole or in part, without the express written consent of SAMES. The information contained herein is current as of the date of publication; however, delivery of this document shall not under any circumstances create any implication that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to such date. SAMES does not undertake to inform any recipient of this document of any changes in the information contained herein, and SAMES expressly reserves the right to make changes in such information, without notification,even if such changes would render information contained herein inaccurate or incomplete. SAMES makes no representation or warranty that any circuit designed by reference to the information contained herein, will function without errors and as intended by the designer.