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S NRTLCU SC US PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 1 of 25 11/2017 PFM™ in a VIA Package AC-DC Converter Isolated AC-DC Converter with PFC PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Size: 4.35 x 1.40 x .37in 110.6 x 35.5 x 9.3mm Part Ordering Information Product Function Package Length Package Width Package Type Input Voltage Range Ratio Output Voltage (Range) Max Output Power Product Grade Option Field PFM 44 14 x B6 M 48 D0 y z z PFM = Power Factor Module Length in Inches x 10 Width in Inches x 10 B = Board VIA V = Chassis VIA Internal Reference C = –20 to 100°C T = –40 to 100°C A0 = Chassis/Always On A4 = Short Pin/Always On A8 = Long Pin/Always On Features & Benefits

  • Universal input (85 – 264VAC)
  • 48V output, regulated, isolated SELV
  • 92% typical efficiency
  • Built-in EMI filtering
  • Chassis mount or board mount packaging options
  • Always-on, self-protecting converter control architecture
  • SELV Output
  • Two temperature grades including operation to –40°C
  • VIA Package
  • Robust Mechanical Design
  • Versatile thermal management capability
  • Safe and reliable secondary-side energy storage
  • High MTBF
  • 140W/in3 power density
  • 4414 package
  • AC Input Front-End Module provides external rectification and transient protection (VIA AIM™ sold separately) Typical Applications
  • Small cell base stations
  • Telecom switching equipment
  • LED lighting
  • Industrial power systems Product Description The PFM in a VIA™ Package is a highly advanced 400W AC-DC converter operating from a rectified universal AC input which delivers an isolated and regulated Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV) 48V secondary output. This unique, ultra-low profile module incorporates AC-DC conversion, integrated filtering and transient surge protection in a chassis mount or PCB mount form factor. The PFM enables a versatile two-sided thermal strategy which greatly simplifies thermal design challenges. When combined with downstream Vicor DC-DC conversion components and regulators, the PFM allows the Power Design Engineer to employ a simple, low-profile design which will differentiate his end-system without compromising on cost or performance metrics. Product Ratings VIN = 85 – 264V POUT = up to 400W VOUT = 48V IOUT = 8.33A Shown with required companion component, VIA AIM (see pages 2-3)

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 2 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz

48 V 5 A

3.3 V 10 A

1.8 V 8 A

Cool-Power® ZVS Buck 2 x Cool-Power® ZVS Buck VIA™ PFM +IN –IN +OUT –OUT 48 V ++ + C1 C2 C3 M1J1 85 – 264VAC Inlet +OUT –OUT AIM™ VIA L N MOV Typical PCB Mount Applications The PCB terminal option allows mounting on an industry standard printed circuit board, with two different pin lengths. Vicor offers a variety of downstream DC-DC converters driven by the 48V output of the PFM in a VIA package. The 48V output is usable directly by loads that are tolerant of the PFC line ripple, such as fans, motors, relays, and some types of lighting. Use downstream DC-DC Point of Load converters where more precise regulation is required. Parts List for Typical PCB Mount Applications J1 Qualtek 703W IEC 320-C14 Power Inlet F1 Littelfuse 0216008.MXP 8A 250VAC 5 x 20mm holder M1 Vicor AIM™ AIM1714BB6MC7D5yzz M2 Vicor PFM™ PFM4414BB6M48D0yzz Nichicon UVR1J472MRD 4700µF 63V 3.4A 22 x 50mm bent 90° x 2 pcs or CDE 380LX472M063K022 4700µF 63V 4.9A 30 x 30mm snap x 2 pcs or Sic Safco Cubisic LP A712121 10,000µF 63V 6.4A 45 x 75 x 12mm rectangular or CDE MLPGE1571 6800µF 63V 5.2A 45 x 50 x 12.5mm, 1 or 2pcs. MOV Littelfuse TMOV20RP300E VARISTOR 10kA 300V 250J 20mm

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 3 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz VIA™ PFM +IN –IN +OUT –OUT Fan Relays Coin BoxControllerDispensors 48V 85 – 264VAC Inlet AIM™ VIA +OUT –OUT L N MOV + Typical Chassis Mount Applications The PFM in a VIA package is available in Chassis Mount option, saving the cost of a PCB and allowing access to both sides of the power supply for cooling. The parts list below minimizes the number of interconnects required between necessary components, and selects components with terminals traditionally used for point to point chassis wiring. Parts List for Typical Chassis Mount Applications J1 Qualtek 719W or 723W IEC 320-C14 Power Inlet F1 Littelfuse 0216008.MXP 8A 250VAC 5 x 20mm in a J1, or separate fuse holder M1 Vicor AIM™ AIM1714VB6MC7D5y00 M2 Vicor PFM™ PFM4414VB6M48D0y00 UCC E32D630HPN103MA67M 10,000µF, 63V 7.4A, 35 x 67mm screw terminal or Kemet ALS30A103DE063, 10,000µF 63V 10.8A 36 x 84mm screw terminal MOV Littelfuse TMOV20RP300E VARISTOR 10kA 300V 250 20mm

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 4 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz 2 4 +IN +OUT TOP VIEW

4414 VIA™ PFM - Chassis Mount - T erminals Up

–OUT–IN 1 3 –IN –OUT TOP VIEW

4414 VIA PFM - PCB Mount - Pins Down

+OUT+IN Pin Configuration Pin Descriptions Please note that these Pin drawings are not to scale. Pin Number Signal Name Type Function 1 +IN INPUT POWER Positive input power terminal 2 –IN INPUT POWER RETURN Negative input power terminal 3 +OUT OUTPUT POWER Positive output power terminal 4 –OUT OUTPUT POWER RETURN Negative output power terminal

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 5 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Output Current (A) Case Temperature (°C) Current Power 100 200 300 400 500 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Output Power (W) Safe Operating Area Absolute Maximum Ratings The absolute maximum ratings below are stress ratings only. Operation at or beyond these maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. Parameter Comments Min Max Unit Input Voltage +IN to –IN 1ms max 0 600 VPK Input Voltage (+IN to –IN) Continuous, Rectified 0 275 VRMS Output Voltage (+OUT to –OUT) –0.5 58 VDC Output Current 0.0 12.4 A Screw Torque 4 mounting, 2 input, 2 output 4 [0.45] in.lbs [N.m] Operating Junction Temperature T-Grade –40 125 °C Storage Temperature T-Grade –65 125 °C Dielectric Withstand * See note below Input – Case Basic Insulation 2121 VDC Input – Output Reinforced Insulation (Internal ChiP™ tested at 4242VDC prior to assembly.) 2121 VDC Output – Case Functional Insulation 707 VDC * Please see Dielectric Withstand section. See page 19.

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 6 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Electrical Specifications Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, 50Hz and 60Hz line frequencies, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise noted; boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of the specified product grade. COUT is 10,000µF ±20% unless otherwise specified. Attribute Symbol Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Unit Power Input Specification Input Voltage Range, Continuous Operation VIN 85 264 VRMS Input Voltage Range, Transient, Non-Operational (Peak) VIN 1ms 600 V Input Current (Peak) IINRP See Figure 8, Startup Waveforms 12 A Source Line Frequency Range fline 47 63 Hz Power Factor PF Input power >200W 0.96 - Input Inductance, Maximum LIN Differential mode inductance, common mode inductance may be higher. See section “Source Inductance Considerations” on page 15. 1 mH Input Capacitance, Maximum CIN After AIM™, between +IN and –IN 1.5 µF No Load Specification Input Power – No Load, Maximum PNL 15 W Power Output Specification Output Voltage Set Point VOUT VIN = 230VRMS, 100% load 46 48 50 V Output voltage, No Load VOUT-NL Over all operating steady state line conditions. 42 54 V Output Voltage Range (Transient) VOUT Non-faulting abnormal line and load transient conditions 30 57.6 V Output Power POUT See SOA on Page 5 400 W Efficiency η VIN = 230V, full load, exclusive of AIM losses 90.5 92.4 % 85V < VIN < 264V, full load, exclusive of AIM losses 90.0 92.1 % 85V < VIN < 264V, full load, exclusive of AIM losses 88.5 91.7 % Output Voltage Ripple, Switching Frequency VOUT-PP-HF Over all operating steady-state line and load conditions, 20MHz BW, measured at output, Figure 5 200 2000 mV Output Voltage Ripple Line Frequency VOUT-PP-LF Over all operating steady-state line and load conditions, 20MHz BW 3.0 7.0 V Output Capacitance (External) COUT-EXT Allows for ±20% capacitor tolerance 6800 15000 µF Output Turn-On Delay TON From VIN applied 500 1000 ms Start Up Setpoint Aquisition Time TSS Full load 500 1000 ms Cell Reconfiguration Response Time TCR Full load 5.5 11 ms Voltage Deviation (Transient) %VOUT-TRANS –37.5 20 % Recovery Time TTRANS 300 600 ms Line Regulation %VOUT-LINE Full load 3 % Load Regulation %VOUT-LOAD 10% to 100% load 3 % Output Current (Continuous) IOUT SOA 8.33 A Output Current (Transient) IOUT-PK 20ms duration, average power ≤POUT, max 12.5 A

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 7 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Electrical Specifications (Cont.) Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, 50Hz and 60Hz line frequencies, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise noted; boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of the specified product grade. COUT is 10,000µF ±20% unless otherwise specified. Attribute Symbol Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Unit Powertrain Protections Input Undervoltage Threshold, High Range VUVLOH- 132 135 VRMS Input Undervoltage Recover, High Range VUVLOH+ 145 148 VRMS Input Undervoltage Turn-On, Low Range VIN-UVLOL+ See Timing Diagram 74 83 VRMS Input Undervoltage Turn-Off, Low Range VIN-UVLOL- 65 71 VRMS Input Overvoltage Turn-On VIN-OVLO- See Timing Diagram 265 270 VRMS Input Overvoltage Turn-Off VIN-OVLO+ 273 287 VRMS Output Overvoltage Threshold VOUT-OVLO+ Instantaneous, latched shutdown 58 61 64 V Upper Start / Restart Temperature Threshold (Case) TCASE-OTP- 100 °C Overtemperature Shutdown Threshold (Junction) TJ-OTP+ 125 °C Overtemperature Shutdown Threshold (Case) TCASE-OTP+ 110 °C Overcurrent Blanking Time TOC Based on line frequency 400 460 550 ms Input Overvoltage Response Time TPOVP 40 ms Input Undervoltage Response Time TUVLO Based on line frequency 200 ms Output Overvoltage Response Time TSOVP Powertrain on 30 ms Short Circuit Response Time TSC Powertrain on, operational state 270 µs Fault Retry Delay Time TOFF See Timing Diagram 10 s Output Power Limit PPROT 50% overload for 20ms typ allowed 400 W

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 8 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Timing Diagram VIN-RMS VOUT ILOAD VIN-OVLO+ Input Power On & UV Turn-on Full Load Applied Range Change LO to HI Input OV Turn-off Input OV Turn-on Load Dump Load Step Input Power Off & UV Turn-off Input Output tCR tON VIN-UVLOL+ ≈30VRMS 10% Load Applied tTRANS (2 places) VIN-OVLO- VIN-UVLOH-VIN-UVLOH+ VOUT-NL VOUT tON tPOVP tUVLO tSS

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 9 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Timing Diagram (Cont.) VIN-RMS VOUT ILOAD tON V tOC tOFF+tON tOFF+tON tOC ≥tOFF+tON VOUT-OVLO+ tSOVPtSS VIN-UVLOL- tSC tOFF+tON tOFF+tON tOC Input Power ON & UV Turn-on Output OC Fault Output OC Recovery Output OVP Fault Recycle Input Power (Output OVP Recovery) Output SC Fault Output SC Recovery OT Fault Recovery Line Drop-Out Input Power Off & UV Turn-off Input Output tON VIN-UVLOL+ IN-UVLOL+

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 12 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Load Current (A) Efficiency (%) Power Dissipation (W) 85V 115V 230V V :IN 85V 115V 230V Eff P Diss 01 23 45 67 89 Figure 17 — VIN to VOUT efficiency and power dissipation vs. VIN and IOUT , TCASE = 80ºC 150 kHz 30 MHz Trd5 5022RED SGL 2AV Unit dB V 1QP ResBW9 kHz Meas T2 0 ms DetQ P Att 20 dB INPUT 2 13.Jul 2017 14:25

1 MHz 10 MHz

Date: 13.JUL.2017 14:25:07 Figure 13 — Typical EMI Spectrum, Peak Scan, 90% load, VIN = 115V, COUT = 10,000µF using Typical Chassis Mount Application Circuit Application Characteristics (Cont.) 150 kHz 30 MHz Trd5 5022RED SGL 2AV Unit dB V 1QP ResBW 9 kHz Meas T 20 ms DetQ P Att2 0 dB INPUT 2 13.Jul 2017 12:29 Date: 13.JUL.2017 12:29:36 Figure 14 — Typical EMI Spectrum, Peak Scan, 90% load, VIN = 230V, COUT = 10,000µF using Typical Chassis Mount Application Circuit Load Current (A) Efficiency (%) Power Dissipation (W) 85V 115V 230V V :IN 85V 115V 230V Eff P Diss 01 23 45 6789 Figure 15 — VIN to VOUT efficiency and power dissipation vs. VIN and IOUT , TCASE = –40ºC Load Current (A) Efficiency (%) Power Dissipation (W) 85V 115V 230V V :IN 85V 115V 230V Eff P Diss 01 23 45 67 89 Figure 16 — VIN to VOUT efficiency and power dissipation vs. VIN and IOUT , TCASE = 25ºC

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 13 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz General Characteristics Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, 50Hz and 60Hz line frequencies, TC = 25°C, unless otherwise noted; boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of the specified Product Grade. Attribute Symbol Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Unit Mechanical Length L 110.6 [4.35] mm [in] Width W 35.5 [1.40] mm [in] Height H 9.3 [0.37] mm [in] Volume Vol Without heatsink 36.9 [2.25] cm3 [in3] Weight W 148 [5.2] g [oz] Pin Material C145 copper, half hard Underplate Low stress ductile nickel 50 100 µin Pin Finish Palladium 0.8 6 µin Soft Gold 0.12 2 µin Thermal Operating Case Temperature TC C-Grade, see derating curve in SOA –20 100 °C T-Grade, see derating curve in SOA –40 100 °C Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case, Top RJC_TOP 1.34 °C/W Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case, Bottom RJC_BOT 1.72 °C/W Coupling Thermal Resistance, Top to Bottom of Case, Internal RHOU 0.57 °C/W Shell Thermal Capacity 54 J/K Thermal Design See Thermal Considerations on Page 17 Assembly ESD Rating ESDHBM Human Body Model, JEDEC JESD 22-A114C.01 1,000 VESDMM Machine Model, JEDEC JESD 22-A115B N/A ESDCDM Charged Device Model, JEDEC JESD 22-C101D 200 Safety Agency Approvals / Standards cTUVus, EN60950-1 and IEC 60950-1 cURus, UL 60950-1 and CAN/CSA 60950-1 CE Marked for Low Voltage Directive and RoHS Recast Directive, as applicable Touch Current measured in accordance with IEC 60990 using measuring network Figure 3 (PFM in a VIA™ package only) 0.5 mA

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 14 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz General Characteristics (Cont.) Specifications apply over all line and load conditions, 50Hz and 60Hz line frequencies, TC = 25°C, unless otherwise noted; boldface specifications apply over the temperature range of the specified Product Grade. Attribute Symbol Conditions / Notes Min Typ Max Unit EMI/EMC Compliance FCC Part 15, EN55022, CISPR22: 2006 + A1: 2007, Conducted Emissions Class B Limits - with –OUT connected to GND EN61000-4-5: 2006, Surge Immunity Level 3, Immunity Criteria A, external TMOV and fuse, shown on page 2 or 3, required Reliability Case Reliability Assurance Relex Modeling, Studio 2007, v2] Temp (°C) Duty Cycle Condition MTBF (MHrs) FIT 1 Telcordia Issue 2, Method I Case 1 25 100% GB,GC 0.702 1424

2 MIL-HDBK-217FN2 Parts Count - 25°C Ground Benign,

Stationary, Indoors / Computer 25 100% GB,GC 0.322 3102 3 Telcordia Issue 2, Method I Case 3 25 100% GB,GC 2.43 412

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 16 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Fault Handling Input Undervoltage (UV) Fault Protection The input voltage is monitored by the microcontroller to detect an input under voltage condition. When the input voltage is less than the UVLO threshold, a fault is detected. After a time tUVLO, the unit shuts down. Faults lasting less than tUVLO may not be detected. Such a fault does not go through an auto-restart cycle. Once the input voltage rises above the UVLO threshold, the unit recovers from the input UV fault, the powertrain resumes normal switching after a time tON and the output voltage of the unit reaches the set point voltage within a time tSS. Overcurrent (OC) Fault Protection As long as the fault persists, the module goes through an auto- restart cycle with off time equal to t OFF + tON and on time equal to tOC. Faults shorter than a time tOC may not be detected. Once the fault is cleared, the module follows its normal start up sequence after a time tOFF. Short Circuit (SC) Fault Protection The module responds to a short circuit event within a time tSC. The module then goes through an auto restart cycle, with an off time equal to tOFF + tON and an on time equal to tSC, for as long as the short circuit fault condition persists. Once the fault is cleared, the unit follows its normal start up sequence after a time t OFF. Faults shorter than a time tSC may not be detected. Temperature Fault Protection The microcontroller monitors the temperature within the PFM. If this temperature exceeds TJ-OTP+, an overtemperature fault is detected, and the output voltage of the PFM falls. Once the case temperature falls below TCASE-OTP- , after a time greater than or equal to tOFF, the converter recovers and undergoes a normal restart. For the C-grade version of the converter, this temperature is 75°C. Faults shorter than a time tOTP may not be detected. If the temperature falls below TCASE-UTP- , an undertemperature fault is detected, and the output voltage of the unit falls. Once the case temperature rises above TCASE-UTP, after a time greater than or equal to tOFF, the unit recovers and undergoes a normal restart. Output Overvoltage Protection (OVP) The microcontroller monitors the primary sensed output voltage to detect output OVP. If the primary sensed output voltage exceeds VOUT-OVLO+ , a fault is latched, and the output voltage of the module falls after a time tSOVP. Faults shorter than a time tSOVP may not be detected. This type of fault is a latched fault and requires that the input power be recycled to recover from the fault. Ruggedized Auto Range Functionality The input voltage range is determined at power up time, to cover the input voltage range of either 85 – 132VRMS or 170 – 264VRMS, called low range and high range. Once selected, dynamic range changes are limited by the logic explained below. In low range, operation continues until the input either drops under the UVLO threshold (in which case the converter turns off), or until the input exceeds the range transition threshold. The increase in input voltage can be temporary, as when handling a surge on the input, or it could be permanent, as can happen in the rare occasion when an input is turned on during a brown-out or sag condition on a high voltage system: nn If the increase is temporary, and the input returns under range transition threshold within 0.8s, operation continues in low range. nn If the input stays over the range transition threshold, the converter changes to high range. In high range, operation continue up to to the OVLO. A surge will cause the power train to turn off on a short term basis to protect itself during the rise in input voltage, and it will return to operation when the input returns to the operating range. When the input crosses under the range transition threshold, the input turns off as it considers this to be the high range UVLO threshold. If the converter returns above the range transition threshold within 50ms, the converter will resume operation in high range. If the converter does not return to operating range, the system will reset to the default power down condition, monitoring the input and waiting to decide whether it should startup into low range or high range.

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 17 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Input Line Cycle Skipping This model does not have input line cycle skipping. As a result, the regulation spec is guaranteed from no load to full load. Because of this, this model does not present high peak to peak output voltage under low load conditions, limiting perturbation that may affect downstream regulators ability to regulate their outputs as tightly as desired. The only sources of output voltage perturbation (from largest to smallest amplitude) are: nn Discharge of output bulk caps during a dropout condition nn Surge transients that can cause similar dropout or short term range change nn Input line cycle ripple, with amplitude proportional to output current nn Switching frequency ripple, which can be reduced further with a higher frequency filter stage if necessary Noise sensitive applications should still test to ensure they can handle or safely ignore these AC transitions on the PFM output bus, which are expected to be handled by the downstream point of load regulators. Hold-Up Capacitance The PFM in a VIA™ package uses secondary-side energy storage (at the SELV 48V bus) and downstream regulators to maintain output hold up through line dropouts and brownouts. The module’s output bulk capacitance can be sized to achieve the required hold up functionality. Hold-up time depends upon the output power drawn from the PFM in a VIA package based AC-DC front end and the input voltage range of downstream DC-DC converters. The following formula can be used to calculate hold-up capacitance for a system comprised of PFM and a downstream regulator: Where: C VIA PFM’s output bulk capacitance in Farads td Hold-up time in seconds POUT VIA PFM’s output power in Watts V2 Output voltage of VIA PFM’s converter in Volts V1 Downstream regulator undervoltage turn off (Volts) –OR– P OUT / IOUT-PK, whichever is greater. Output Filtering The PFM in a VIA package requires an output bulk capacitor in the range of 6,800µF to 15,000µF for proper operation of the PFC front-end. A minimum 10,000µF is recommended for full rated output. Capacitance can be reduced proportionally for lower maximum loads. The output voltage has the following two components of voltage ripple: 1. Line frequency voltage ripple: 2 • fLINE Hz component 2. Switching frequency voltage ripple: 1MHz module switching frequency component (see Figure 5). Line Frequency Filtering Output line frequency ripple depends upon output bulk capacitance. Output bulk capacitor values should be calculated based on line frequency voltage ripple. High-grade electrolytic capacitors with adequate ripple current ratings, low ESR and a minimum voltage rating of 63V are recommended. Based on the output current waveform, as seen in Figure 20, the following formula can be used to determine peak-to-peak line frequency output voltage ripple: Where: VPPL Output voltage ripple peak-to-peak line frequency POUT Average output power VOUT Output voltage set point, nominally 48V fLINE Frequency of line voltage C Output bulk capacitance IDC Maximum average output current IPK Peak-to-peak line frequency output current ripple In certain applications, the choice of bulk capacitance may be determined by hold-up requirements and low frequency output voltage filtering requirements. Such applications may use the greater capacitance value determined from these requirements. The ripple current rating for the bulk capacitors can be determined from the following equation: Switching Frequency Filtering This is included within the PFM in a VIA. No external filtering is necessary for most applications. For the most noise sensitive applications, a common mode choke followed by two caps to PE GND will reduce switching noise further. lPK lPK/2 loutDC lfLINE Figure 20 — Output current waveform 2 – V1 2) VPPL ~ 0.2 • POUT / (VOUT • fLINE • C)~ IRIPPLE ~ 0.8 • POUT / VOUT

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 19 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Powering a Constant Power Load When the output voltage of the PFM in a VIA™ package module is applied to the input of the downstream regulator, the regulator turns on and acts as a constant-power load. When the module’s output voltage reaches the input undervoltage turn on of the regulator, the regulator will attempt to start. However, the current demand of the downstream regulator at the undervoltage turn -on point and the hold-up capacitor charging current may force the PFM in a VIA package into current limit. In this case, the unit may shut down and restart repeatedly. In order to prevent this multiple restart scenario, it is necessary to delay enabling a constant-power load when powered up by the upstream PFM in a VIA package until after the output set point of the PFM in a VIA package is reached. This can be achieved by 1. Keeping the downstream constant-power load off during power up sequence, and 2. Turning the downstream constant-power load on after the output voltage of the module reaches 48V steady state. After the initial startup, the output of the PFM can be allowed to fall to 30V during a line dropout at full load. In this case, the circuit should not disable the downstream regulator if the input voltage falls after it is turned on; therefore, some form of hysteresis or latching is needed on the enable signal for the constant power load. The output capacitance of the PFM in a VIA package should also be sized appropriately for a constant power load to prevent collapse of the output voltage of the module during line dropout (see Hold up Capacitance on Page 17). A constant-power load can be turned off after completion of the required hold up time during the power-down sequence or can be allowed to turn off when it reaches its own undervoltage shutdown point. The timing diagram in Figure 23 shows the output voltage of the PFM in a VIA package and the downstream regulator’s enable pin voltage and output voltage of the PRM regulator for the power up and power down sequence. It is recommended to keep the time delay approximately 10 to 20ms. Dielectric Withstand The chassis of the PFM is required to be connected to Protective Earth when installed in the end application and must satisfy the requirements of IEC 60950-1 for Class I products. Protective earthing can be accomplished through dedicated wiring harness (example: ring terminal clamped by mounting screw) or surface contact (example: pressure contact on bare conductive chassis or PCB copper layer with no solder mask). The PFM contains an internal safety approved isolating component (ChiP™) that provides the Reinforced Insulation from Input to Output. The isolating component is individually tested for Reinforced Insulation from Input to Output at 3000VAC or 4242VDC prior to the final assembly of the VIA. When the VIA assembly is complete the Reinforced Insulation can only be tested at Basic Insulation values as specified in the electric strength Test Procedure noted in clause 5.2.2 of IEC 60950-1. Test Procedure Note from IEC 60950-1 “For equipment incorporating both REINFORCED INSULATION and lower grades of insulation, care is taken that the voltage applied to the REINFORCED INSULATION does not overstress BASIC INSULATION or SUPPLEMENTARY INSULATION.” VIA PFM Downstream Regulator PRM UV Turn on 48V – 3% Downstream Regulator VOUT tDELAY tHOLD-UP VOUT Enable Figure 23 — PRM Enable Hold off Waveforms

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 21 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Product outline drawing; product outline drawings are available in .pdf and .dxf formats. 3D mechanical models are available in .pdf and .step formats. 1.171 29.750 .11 2.90 DIM 'A' DIM 'B' .15 3.86 THRU TYP INPUT INSERT (41816) TO BE REMOVED PRIOR TO USE OUTPUT INSERT (41817) TO BE REMOVED PRIOR TO USE 86(7<&2/8* $//352'8&76 86(7<&2/8* 352'8&76 $1' 86(7<&2/8*25 352'8&76 $1' 1 2 3 4 .37±.015 9.40±.381 DIM 'C' 1.40 35.54 127(6 8QOHVVRWKHUZLVHVSHFLILHGGLPHQVLRQVDUH,QFK>PP@ 6HH3LQ&RQILJXUDWLRQDQG3LQ'HVFULSWLRQVHFWLRQVIRUSLQGHVLJQDWLRQV PFM in a VIA Package Chassis Mount Package Mechanical Drawing PRODUCT DIM ‘A’ DIM ‘B’ DIM ‘C’ 2214 (0 STAGE) 2223 1.02 [25.96] NA 2.25 [57.12] 2814 (1 STAGE) 2223 1.61 [40.93] NA 2.84 [72.05]

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 22 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz BOTTOM SIDE 1 2 3 4 TOP VIEW (COMPONENT SIDE) 127(6 8QOHVVRWKHUZLVHVSHFLILHGGLPHQVLRQVDUH,QFK>PP@ 6HH3LQ&RQILJXUDWLRQDQG3LQ'HVFULSWLRQVHFWLRQVIRUSLQGHVLJQDWLRQV PFM in a VIA Package PCB Mount Package Mechanical Drawing PRODUCT DIM 'A' DIM 'B' DIM 'C' DIM 'D' DIM 'F'

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 23 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz 2 1 11 10 13 12 4 3 RECOMMENED HOLE PATTERN 127(6 8QOHVVRWKHUZLVHVSHFLILHGGLPHQVLRQVDUH,QFK>PP@ 6HH3LQ&RQILJXUDWLRQDQG3LQ'HVFULSWLRQVHFWLRQVIRUSLQGHVLJQDWLRQV PFM in a VIA Package PCB Mount Package Recommended Land Pattern PRODUCT DIM 'A' DIM 'B' DIM 'C' DIM 'D' DIM 'F'

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 24 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz

Revision History

Revision Date Description Page Number(s) A 11/06/17 Initial release n/a

PFM™ in a VIA Package Rev 1.0 Page 25 of 25 11/2017 PFM4414xB6M48D0yAz Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density AC-DC and DC-DC modules and accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC and DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom power systems. Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. Vicor makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication. Vicor reserves the right to make changes to any products, specifications, and product descriptions at any time without notice. Information published by Vicor has been checked and is believed to be accurate at the time it was printed; however, Vicor assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies. Testing and other quality controls are used to the extent Vicor deems necessary to support Vicor’s product warranty. Except where mandated by government requirements, testing of all parameters of each product is not necessarily performed. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Visit http://www.vicorpower.com/ac-dc/converters/isolated-ac-dc-converter-pfc for the latest product information. Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions and Product Warranty All sales are subject to Vicor’s Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, and Product Warranty which are available on Vicor’s webpage (http://www.vicorpower.com/termsconditionswarranty) or upon request. Life Support Policy VICOR’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF VICOR CORPORATION. As used herein, life support devices or systems are devices which (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Per Vicor Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of Vicor products and components in life support applications assumes all risks of such use and indemnifies Vicor against all liability and damages. Intellectual Property Notice Vicor and its subsidiaries own Intellectual Property (including issued U.S. and Foreign Patents and pending patent applications) relating to the products described in this data sheet. No license, whether express, implied, or arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. Interested parties should contact Vicor’s Intellectual Property Department. The products described on this data sheet are protected by the following U.S. Patents Numbers: Patents Pending. Contact Us: http://www.vicorpower.com/contact-us Vicor Corporation

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