NQ03009HMA15NRS

NQ03009VMA15NRS SYNQOR | Alldatasheet

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Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 1 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter The NiQor SIP DC/DC converter is a non-isolated buck regulator, which employs synchronous rectifi- cation to achieve extremely high conversion effi- ciency. The NiQor family of converters are used predominately in DPA systems using a front end DC/DC high power brick (48Vin to low voltage bus). The non-isolated NiQor converters are then used at the point of load to create the low voltage outputs required by the design. Typical applications include telecom/datacom, industrial, medical, transportation, data processing/storage and test equipment. 15A Non-Isolated DC/DC Converter in SIP configuration NiQor vertical mount SIP module Mechanical Features

Industry standard SIP pin-out configuration Industry standard size: 2.0” x 0.55” x 0.29 (50.8 x 14 x 7.3mm) Total weight: 0.30 oz. (9.4 g), lower mass greatly reduces vibration and shock problems Open frame construction maximizes air flow cooling Available in both vertical and horizontal mountingSafety Features UL 1950 recognized (US & Canada) TUV certified to EN60950 Meets 72/23/EEC and 93/68/EEC directives which facilitates CE Marking in user’s end product Board and plastic components meet UL94V-0 flam- mability requirements Operational Features Ultra-high efficiency, up to 93% full load, 95% half Delivers 15 amps of output current with minimal der- ating - no heatsink required Input voltage range: 3.0 - 3.6V Fixed frequency switching provides predictable EMI performance Fast transient response time On-board input and output filter capacitor No minimum load requirement means no preload resistors required Protection Features Input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage conditions Temperature compensated over-current shutdown protects converter from excessive load current or short circuits Output over-voltage protection protects load from damaging voltages Thermal shutdown Control Features On/Off control Output voltage trim (industry standard) permits custom voltages and voltage margining Optional features include remote sense and wide output voltage trim (0.85V - 2.75V) Non-IsolatedNon-Isolated

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 2 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter Pin No. Name Function

1 Vout(+) Positive output voltage

2 Vout(+) Positive output voltage

3 SENSE(+) Positive remote sense

4 Vout(+) Positive output voltage

5 Common

A I share Current share*

6 Common

7 Vin(+) Positive input voltage

8 Vin(+) Positive input voltage 1

10 TRIM Output voltage trim 2

11 ON/OFF LOGIC input to turn the converter

on and off. NOTES 2) All Pins: Material - Copper Alloy Finish - Tin over Nickel plate 3) Vertical, horizontal, vertical with reverse pins and surface mount options (future) available. 4) Undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6) All dimensions in inches (mm) 7) Weight: 0.30 oz. (9.4 g) typical 8) Workmanship: Meets or exceeds IPC-A-610C Class II 0.000 (0.00) 0.100 (2.54) 0.200 (5.08) 0.300 (7.62) 0.400 (10.16) 1.300 (33.02) 1.400 (35.56) 1.500 (38.10) 1.600 (40.64) 1.800 (45.72) 1.900 (48.26) 0.550 (13.97) 0.050 (1.27) 2.00 (50.8) 12 3 45 678 A 10 11 Front View Vertical Mount Side View PIN DESIGNATIONS MECHANICAL DIAGRAM Pin Connection Notes: 1. Pin 10 - for fixed resistors, connect between Trim and Vout(+) to trim down or between Trim and Common (Ground) to trim up. 2. Pin 11 - see section on Remote ON/OFF pin for descrip- tion of enable logic options. Pins in Italics Shaded text are Optional * Contact factory for availability of current share modules. 0.160 (4.06) 0.050 (1.27) 0.288 (7.32)

0.315 Max

(8.0 Max) 0.120 (3.05) Ref. 0.040 PCB Ref. (1.02)

0.197 Max

(5.0 Max) 0.185 (4.7) 0.025 + 0.003 (0.64 + 0.076) SQ. Typ.

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 3 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter 0.000 (0.00) 0.100 (2.54) 0.200 (5.08) 0.300 (7.62) 0.400 (10.16) 1.300 (33.02) 1.400 (35.56) 1.500 (38.10) 1.600 (40.64) 1.800 (45.72) 1.900 (48.26) 0.550 (13.97) 0.050 (1.27) 2.00 (50.8) 12 3 45 678 A 10 11 MECHANICAL DIAGRAM Front View Horizontal Mount Side View 0.000 (0.00) 0.100 (2.54) 0.200 (5.08) 0.300 (7.62) 0.400 (10.16) 1.300 (33.02) 1.400 (35.56) 1.500 (38.10) 1.600 (40.64) 1.800 (45.72) 1.900 (48.26) 0.550 (13.97) 0.050 (1.27) 2.00 (50.8) 12 3 45 678 A 10 11 Front View Vertical Mount Reversed Pins Side View See note on Thermal Considerations in Applications section. 0.050 (1.27) 0.288 (7.32) (8.0 Max)

0.128 Min

(3.25 Min) 0.040 PCB Ref. (1.02) 0.330 (8.38) Ref. (5.0 Max) 0.185 (4.7) 0.050 (1.27) 0.288 (7.32) (8.0 Max) (5.0 Max) 0.185 (4.7) 0.120 (3.05) 0.160 (4.06) Ref. 0.058 +.008 (1.47 +.20) 0.040 PCB Ref. (1.02) 0.025 + 0.003 (0.64 + 0.076) SQ. Typ. 0.025 + 0.003 (0.64 + 0.076) SQ. Typ.

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 4 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter Parameter Module Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Input Voltage Non-Operating All 5.0 V continuous Operating All 3.0 4.5 V continuous Operating Transient Protection All 5.0 V 100ms transient Operating Temperature All -40 105 °C Storage Temperature All -55 125 °C Voltage at ON/OFF input pin All -3 6.5 V INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Operating Input Voltage Range 1 All 3.0 3.6 V Notes on pg. 6 Input Under-Voltage Lockout Turn-On Voltage Threshold All 2.1 2.4 2.8 V Turn-Off Voltage Threshold All 2.0 2.3 2.5 V Maximum Input Current 2 0.9V 5.9 A 100% Load, 3.0Vin, 0.9Vout 1.2V 7.4 A 100% Load, 3.0Vin, 1.2Vout 1.5V 8.9 A 100% Load, 3.0Vin, 1.5Vout 1.8V 10.4 A 100% Load, 3.0Vin, 1.8Vout 2.5V 13.9 A 100% Load, 3.0Vin, 2.5Vout No-Load Input Current All 85 110 mA Disabled Input Current All 17 25 mA Inrush Current Transient Rating All 0.1 A 2s Response to Input Transient 0.9V 70 mV/V 50mV/ µs input transient (all) 1.2V 80 mV/V 1.5V 90 mV/V 1.8V 120 mV/V 2.5V 160 mV/V Input Reflected-Ripple Current 0.9-1.8V 200 mA pk-pk thru 1 µH inductor, with 200µF 2.5V 125 mA tantalum ; full load; Figs 24, 26 Input Terminal Ripple Current 0.9-1.8V 3 A RMS with 200 µF tantalum and 1µH; 2.5V 2 A Figs 24, 26 Recommended Input Fuse All 20 A fast blow external fuse recommended Input Filter Capacitor Value All 40 µF internal ceramic Recommended External Input Capacitance 3 All 200 µF net 50m Ω OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS 1.2V 1.180 1.200 1.223 V 1.5V 1.475 1.500 1.529 V 1.8V 1.769 1.800 1.834 V 2.5V 2.458 2.500 2.548 V Output Voltage Regulation Over Line All +0.1 % Over Load 0.9V +0.5 % with sense pin 2.5V +0.3 % with sense pin Over Temperature All + 2.0 % Total Output Voltage Range 0.9V 0.865 0.944 V with sense pin, over sample, line, load, 1.2V 1.153 1.258 V temperature & life (all) 1.5V 1.441 1.573 V 1.8V 1.729 1.888 V 2.5V 2.402 2.622 V ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS - NQ03xxxVMA15 Series TA=25°C, airflow rate=300 LFM, V in=3.3Vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40°C to +105°C ambient tem- perature with appropriate power derating. Specifications subject to change without notice.

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 5 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter Parameter ModuleP Min. Typ. Max. Units Notes & Conditions OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (cont.) Output Voltage Ripple and Noise 20MHz bandwidth; Fig 24, 27 Peak-to-Peak All 15 35 mV Full Load RMS All 6 12 mV Full Load Operating Output Current Range All 0 15 A Output DC Over-Current Shutdown 4 All 16 25 40 A Maximum Output Capacitance 5,6 All 4,000 µF Derate startup load current per Fig. 23 DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Input Voltage Ripple Rejection 0.9V 45 dB 120 Hz; Figure 31 2.5V 37 dB Output Voltage during Load Current Transient For a Step Change in Output Current (0.1A/µs) All 40 mV 50%-75%-50% Iout max, 10µF, Fig 15-16 For a Step Change in Output Current (5A/µs) All 70 mV 50%-75%-50% Iout max, 470µF, Fig 17-18 Settling Time All 50 µs to within 1.5% Vout nom., Fig 15-18 Turn-On Transient Load current & capacitance per Fig. 23 Turn-On Time All 5.5 6.8 8.5 ms Enable to Vout=100% nom., Figs 19-20 2.5V 1.6 2.7 4.6 ms 2.5V 2.5 3.7 5.6 ms Output Voltage Overshoot All 0 % Resistive load up to 4,000µF EFFICIENCY 100% Load 0.9V 83.5 % Figures 1-4 1.2V 87 % 1.5V 89 % 1.8V 90.5 % 2.5V 93 % 50% Load 0.9V 88 % Figures 1-4 1.2V 90.5 % 1.5V 92 % 1.8V 93 % 2.5V 95 % TEMP. LIMITS FOR POWER DERATING Semiconductor Junction Temperature7 All 125 °C Package rated to 150°C; Figs 5-14 Board Temperature7 All 125 °C UL rated max operating temp 130°C FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS Switching Frequency All 265 300 330 kHz may decrease by up to 30 kHz at -40°C ON/OFF Control Figure A Off-State Voltage All 1.5 6.5 V On-State Voltage All -3 0.6 V Pull-Up Voltage All Vin V Output Voltage Trim Range1,8 0.9V -5 +10 % Measured Vout+ to common pins; Table 1 1.2-2.5V -10 +10 % Output Voltage Remote Sense Range1,9 All +10 % Measured Vout+ to common pins Output Over-Voltage Protection10 All 113 130 145 % Over full temp range; % of nominal Vout Over-Temperature Shutdown All 120 °C Average PCB Temperature Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis All 5 °C RELIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS Calculated MTBF (Telcordia) All TBD 10 6 Hrs. TR-NWT-000332; 100% load, 200LFM, 40oC Ta Calculated MTBF (MIL-217) All 8.0 10 6 Hrs. MIL-HDBK-217F; 100% load, 200LFM, 40oC Ta Field Demonstrated MTBF All 10 6 Hrs. See website for latest values ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ03xxxVMA15 Series

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 6 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter STANDARDS COMPLIANCE ParameterP Notes STANDARDS COMPLIANCE UL/cUL 60950 File # E194341 EN60950 Certified by TUV 72/23/EEC 93/68/EEC Needle Flame Test (IEC 695-2-2) test on entire assembly; board & plastic components UL94V-0 compliant IEC 61000-4-2 ESD test, 8kV - NP, 15kV air - NP (Normal Performance) GR-1089-CORE Section 7 - electrical safety, Section 9 - bonding/grounding Telcordia (Bellcore) GR-513 An external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. Contact SynQor for official safety certificates on new releases or download from the SynQor website. QUALIFICATION TESTING ParameterP # Units Test Conditions QUALIFICATION TESTING Life Test 32 95% rated V in and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours Vibration 5 10-55Hz sweep, 0.060” total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis Mechanical Shock 5 100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis Temperature Cycling 10 -40°C to 100°C, unit temp. ramp 15°C/min., 500 cycles Power/Thermal Cycling 5 T operating = min to max, Vin = min to max, full load, 100 cycles Design Marginality 5 T min-10°C to Tmax+10°C, 5°C steps, Vin = min to max, 0-105% load Humidity 5 85°C, 85% RH, 1000 hours, continuous Vin applied except 5min./day Solderability 15 pins MIL-STD-883, method 2003 Extensive characterization testing of all SynQor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply robust, reliable product. Contact factory for official product family qualification document. OPTIONS SynQor provides various options for Packaging, Enable Logic, Pin Length and Feature Set for this family of DC/DC converters. Please consult the last page of this specification sheet for infor- mation on available options. PATENTS SynQor is protected under various patents, including but not lim- ited to U.S. Patent numbers: 5,999,417; 6,222,742 B1; 6,594,159 B2; 6,545,890 B2. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) - NQ03xxxVMA15 Series NOTES Note 1: Maintain a minimum of 0.35V headroom between input and output voltage to meet performance specifications. Note 2: Wide trim option unit will perform as the model with the output voltage that it is trimmed to. Applies to all specifcations w here values differ by Vout. Note 3: Tantalum or similar with additional ceramic as needed to reduce ripple current in external capacitors. See Figure 21. Output capacitance of <1000µF. Additional input capacitance equal to half of the output capacitance is recommended when more than 1000µF of output cap acitance is used. Consult factory for more demanding applications. Also refer to Application Considerations section of this datasheet. Note 4 : The over-current shutdown threshold for a short over-current pulse can be as high as 50A when trimming up a wide trim unit ab ove 1.2V. Note 5: Larger input capacitance of at least half of the output capacitance is recommended when using >1000µF on a 2.5V output. Note 6: When trimming the output voltage to less than 0.88V with more than 1000µF of output capacitance, consult factory for trim cir cuit recommendations. Note 7: Power derating curves are measured using an evaluation board consisting of 6 layers of 2 ounce copper. Note 8: Wide trim option unit has a setpoint of 0.9V and a trim range of 0.85V-2.75V. Note 9: In remote sense applications, when trimming down, the trim-down resistor should be connected to the sense pin for more accura te trimming results. Note 10: Indicates worst case specification for 0.9V unit. Higher output voltage units have a tighter specification range. The wide- trim unit carries the OVP set point of a 2.5Vout unit, which has a worst-case maximum OVP trip level of 135%.

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 13 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter BASIC OPERATION AND FEATURES The NiQor series non-isolated converter uses a buck-converter that keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. The NiQor modules employ synchro- nous rectification for very high efficiency. Dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink or metal baseplate for operation. The NiQor converter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high yield surface mount techniques on a single PCB substrate. The NiQor series of SIPs and SMT converters uses the estab- lished industry standard footprint and pin-out configurations. CONTROL FEATURES REMOTE ON/OFF (Pin 11) : The ON/OFF input, Pin 11, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off. There are currently two options available for the ON/OFF input as described in the table below. Other options may be added based on user demand. Figure A is a schematic view of the internal ON/OFF circuitry. OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRIM (Pin 10) : The TRIM input permits the user to adjust the output voltage up or down according to the trim range specifications by using an external resistor or a voltage source. If the TRIM feature is not being used, leave the TRIM pin disconnected. TRIM-DOWN: To decrease the output voltage using an exter- nal resistor, connect the resistor R trim-down between Pin 10 (TRIM) and the Vout pins or the SENSE pin. For a desired decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be: For example, to trim-down the output voltage of a 1.8V module by 5% to 1.71V, the Rtrim-down resistor value is calculated as fol- lows: VOUT = 1.8V ∆VOUT = 1.8V - 1.71V = 0.09V Rbuffer = 100kΩ TRIM-UP: To increase the output voltage using an external resistor, connect the resistor R trim-up between Pin 10 (TRIM) and the Common Ground Pins. For a desired increase of the nom- inal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be: For example, to trim-up the output voltage of a 2.5V module by 10% to 2.75V, the Rtrim-up resistor value is calculated as follows: ∆VOUT = 2.5V - 2.75V = 0.25V Rbuffer = 78.7kΩ Rtrim-up = (24080/0.25) - 78700 = 17.62kΩ Note: the TRIM feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over-voltage protection circuit is triggered. Trimming the Figure A: Schematic view of the internal ON/OFF circuitry Rtrim-down = (Ω) where VOUT = Nominal Output Voltage ∆VOUT = Nominal V OUT - Desired V OUT Rbuffer = defined in Table 1 below (value internal to the module) [( )x 30100] _ 1 _ Rbuffer VOUT _ 0.80 ∆VOUT Vout, set Rbuffer

3.3 V 59 kΩ

2.5 V 78.7 kΩ

1.8 V 100 kΩ

1.5 V 100 kΩ

1.2 V 59 kΩ

0.9 V 5.11 kΩ Table 1: Rbuffer values for NiQor trim equation Rtrim-up = (Ω)_ Rbuffer 24080 ∆VOUT where ∆VOUT = Nominal V OUT - Desired V OUT Rbuffer = defined in Table 1 Note: wide trim unit has trim range from 0.85-2.75V. Nominal voltage is 0.9V. Use R buffer value of 5.11kΩ. when trimming. Option Description Pin-Open Converter state Pin Action N Logic Negative Off Pull Low = On O Logic Negative/Open On Pull High = Off Negative Logic (N,O) Vin ON/OFF 20K 10K 20K PWM Enable (N logic only)

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 14 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter output voltage too high may cause the over-voltage protection circuit to engage, particularly during transients. Total DC Variation of Vout: For the converter to meet its specifications, the maximum variation of the DC value of Vout, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range. PROTECTION FEATURES Input Under-Voltage Lockout : The converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the application note titled “Input System Instability”. The lockout cir- cuitry is a comparator with DC hysteresis. When the input volt- age is rising, it must exceed the typical Turn-On Voltage Threshold value (listed on the specification page) before the converter will turn on. Once the converter is on, the input volt- age must fall below the typical Turn-Off Voltage Threshold value before the converter will turn off. Over Current Shutdown : The converter uses the control (high-side) MOSFET on-resistance to detect short circuit or excessive over-current conditions. The converter compensates for the temperature variation of the MOSFET on-resistance, keeping the overcurrent threshold roughly constant over tem- perature. Very short (<1mS) over-current pulses will see a slightly higher apparent threshold than longer duration over- current events. This makes the converter less susceptible to shutdown from transient load conditions. However, once the over-current threshold is reached the converter ceases PWM operation within microseconds. After an over-current shut- down, the converter will remain off for an inhibit period of 18 to 32 milliseconds, and then attempt a soft-start. Depending on the impedance or current level of the overload condition, the converter will enter a "hiccup mode" where it repeatedly turns on and off at a frequency of 25 to 50 Hz, until the overload or short circuit condition is removed. Output Over-Voltage Limit : If the voltage across the output pins exceeds the Output Over-Voltage Protection threshold, the converter will immediately stop switching. This prevents dam- age to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in output current path from converter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a cur- rent limit condition. Load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. After 2-4 ms, the converter will automatically restart. Note the wide trim model uses the OVP threshold of the 2.5V unit. Over-Temperature Shutdown : A temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. The thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the Over-Temperature Shutdown value. It will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the Over-Temperature Shutdown Restart Hysteresis value. APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS Input and Output Filtering : SynQor recommends an exter- nal input capacitor of either a tantalum, polymer or aluminum electrolytic type on the input of the NQ03/NQ04 series non- isolated converters. This capacitance and resistance primarily provides damping of the input filter, reduces the source imped- ance and guarantees input stability (see SynQor application note "Input System Instability"). The input filter is formed by any source or wiring inductance and the converter’s input capaci- tance. The external capacitance also provides an additional benefit of ripple voltage reduction. A modest sized capacitor would suffice in most conditions, such as a 330 µF, 16V tantalum, with an ESR of approximately 50 mΩ. The NiQor family converters have an internal ceramic input capacitor to reduce ripple current stress on the external capacitors. An external ceramic capacitor of similar size (330 µF) with a series resistor of approximately 50 m Ω would also suffice and would provide the filter damping. Additional ceramic capacitance may be needed on the input, in parallel with the tantalum capacitor, to relieve ripple current stress on the tantalum capacitors. The external capacitance forms a current divider with the 40 µF internal ceramic capaci- tance. At 300 kHz., the impedance of the internal capacitance is about 15m Ω capacitive. At that frequency, an SMT 330 µF tantalum capacitor would have an impedance of about 50m Ω resistive, essentially just the ESR. In this example, at full load, that would stress the tantalum input capacitor to about 3A rms ripple current, possibly beyond its rating. Placing an additional 40 µF of ceramic in parallel with that capacitor would reduce the ripple current to about 1.5A, probably within its rating at 85 oC. The input ripple current is proportional to load current, so this example should be scaled down according to the actual load current. Additional input capacitance equal to half of the output capac- itance is recommended when operating with more than 1000uF of output capacitance on a 1.5V or higher output voltage, or on lower voltage outputs when trimming down by more than

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 15 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter half of the trim-down allowance (e.g., further than -2.5% on a 0.9V, or -5% on a 1.2V). If no inductor is used to isolate the input ripple of the NiQor converters from the source or from inputs of other NiQor con- verters, then this external capacitance might be provided by the DC/DC converter used as the power source. SynQor's PowerQor series converters typically have tantalum and ceram- ic output capacitors that would provide the damping. An input inductor would help isolate the ripple currents and voltages from the source or other NiQor style converters on the voltage supply rail. If an input inductor is used, the recom- mended capacitance should guarantee stability and control the ripple current for up to 1.0µH of input inductance. The input inductor need not have very high inductance. A value of 500 nanohenries would equate to almost one ohm of series impedance at the switching frequency of 300 kHz. This would be working against an assumed capacitive ESR of 30m Ω on the supply side of the inductor, providing significant isola- tion and ripple reduction. No external capacitance is required at the output, however, the ripple voltage can be further reduced if ceramic and tantalum capacitors are added at the output. Since the internal output capacitance is about 50 µF, approximately that amount of capacitance would be needed to produce a noticeable reduc- tion in output ripple. The value of the tantalum capacitors is both to provide a high capacitance for pulsed loads and to pro- vide damping of the distribution network with their inherent ESR, which is low, but higher than ceramics. Additional output capacitance in the range of 300-500 µF is beneficial for reduc- ing the deviation in response to a fast load transient. Input Over-Voltage Prevention : The power system designer must take precautions to prevent damaging the NiQor converters by input overvoltage. This is another reason to be careful about damping the input filter so that no ringing occurs from an underdamped filter. The voltage must be prevented from exceeding the absolute maximum voltage indicated in the Electrical Specifications section of the data sheet under all con- ditions of turn-on, turn-off and load transients and fault condi- tions. The power source should have an over voltage shutdown threshold as close as reasonably possible to the operating point. Additional protection can come from additional input capaci- tance, perhaps on the order of 1,000 µF, but contingent on the source inductance value. A large source inductance would require more capacitance to keep the input voltage below the absolute maximum, if the load current were interrupted sud- denly. This can be caused by either a shutdown of the NiQor from a fault or from the load itself, for example when a card is hot-swapped out, suddenly dropping the load to zero. This is further justification for keeping the source inductance low, as mentioned above. When the power source is configured with remote sensing, the series resistance of the filter inductor and any other conductors or devices between the source and the sense point will result in a voltage drop which, in the event of a load current interruption, would add to the NiQor input volt- age. A TVS device could also be used to clamp the voltage level dur- ing these conditions, but the relatively narrow range between operating voltage and the absolute maximum voltage restrict the use of these devices to lower source current levels that will not drive the transient voltage suppressor above the voltage limit when all the source current is flowing into the clamp. A TVS would be a good supplemental control, in addition to care- ful selection of inductance and capacitance values. Equivalent Model for Input Ripple : A simple but reason- ably accurate model of input ripple is to treat the NiQor input as a pulsed AC current source at 300 kHz.in parallel with a very low ESR capacitor, see Figure B. The peak-to-peak current of the source model is equal to the NiQor load current, repre- senting the peak current in the NiQor's smoothing choke. The capacitor represents the 40µF input ceramic capacitance of the NiQor converter, with a nearly negligible ESR of less than 1 mΩ. A further refinement can be made by setting the duty cycle of the pulsed source to the output voltage divided by the input voltage. The only error in this simplified model is that it ignores the inductive current in the choke, usually less than 20% of the load current, and it ignores the resistive losses inside the NiQor con- verter, which would alter the duty cycle very slightly. The model is a good guide for calculating the effects of exter- nal input capacitors and other filter elements on ripple voltage and ripple current stress on capacitors. Figure B: Equivalent model for input ripple Ip-p I p-p = I Load 40µF <1mΩ INPUT

High Capacitance Loads with Backdrive : When using two or more NiQor converters with high capacitance loads (greater than 1,000 µF), special consideration must be given to the following condition. If a back-drive source is feeding volt- age back to a NiQor output, perhaps through some ASIC or other load device, and the back-driving source is greater than 60% of the input voltage to the NiQor that has not been enabled yet, an overcurrent condition may exist on startup. This condition could prevent a proper startup when the second NiQor is enabled. The condition is caused by the second NiQor having to ramp the voltage to a high duty cycle with a high capacitance load, which can trip the overcurrent shut- down, preventing a startup. The following remedies for this sit- uation can be applied: 1) Limit output capacitance on higher voltage outputs to 1,000 µF. OR, 2) Prevent back-drive conditions that raise the off-state output voltage to more than 60% of the input voltage. Thermal Considerations : For vertical mount applications at elevated temperatures that call for forced air cooling (see thermal derating curves), the preferred airflow direction is from pin 11 to pin 1, as indicated in the thermal images provided. If airflow is in the opposite direction (pin 1 to pin 11) the power devices will run hotter by about 5 OC (corresponding to an additional 1 ampere of load derating at conditions where der- ating occurs). For horizontal mount applications (NQ0xxxxHMA parts), where the inductor and power devices are facing down, the preferred airflow direction is into the leading edge opposite the pin header edge, such that air flowing under the NiQor PCB flows out between the pins and the inductor. With this airflow direction, and with the inductor firmly contacting the applica- tion board, the user can apply the thermal derating curves pro- vided herein for vertical mount with airflow from pin 11 to pin 1. Airflows in other directions across the horizontally mounted NiQor will result in temperatures that are higher by about 5 OC with pin 11 to pin 1 airflow and about 10 OC with pin 1 to pin 11 airflow. Also, temperature increases of up to 10 OC (2 Amp lower derating) can be expected if the inductor thermal inter- face does not make good contact to the customer's circuit board. Layout Suggestion : When using a fixed output NiQor con- verter, the designer may chose to use the trim function and would thus be required to reserve board space for a trim resis- tor. It is suggested that even if the designer does not plan to use the trim function, additional space should be reserved on the board for a trim resistor. This will allow the flexibility to use the wide output voltage trim range NiQor module at a later date. Any trim resistor should connect to the ground or output node at one of the respective pins of the NiQor, so as to prevent the trim level from being affected by load drops through the ground or power planes. OPTIONAL FEATURES REMOTE SENSE(+) (Pin 3 - Optional) : The optional SENSE(+) input corrects for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the converter’s output pins to the load. Pin 3 should be connected to Vout(+) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. A remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is Vout(+) – SENSE(+) < Sense Range % x Vout Pin 3 must be connected for proper regulation of the output volt- age. If these connections are not made, the converter will deliv- er an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. Note : the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the volt- age across the output (pins 1, 2 and 4) to determine when it should trigger, not the voltage across the converter’s sense lead (pin 3). CURRENT SHARE (Pin A - Optional) : Additional informa- tion on the current share feature will be provided in a future revision of this technical specification. Please contact SynQor engineering support for further details. Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 16 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter

Product # NQ03xxxVMA15 Phone 1-888-567-9596 Doc.# 005-2NV3xxE Rev. E 6/24/04 Page 17 Technical Specification 3.0 - 3.6V in 15ANon-IsolatedNon-Isolated SIP ConverterSIP Converter PART NUMBERING SYSTEM The part numbering system for SynQor’s NiQor DC/DC con- verters follows the format shown in the example below. The first 12 characters comprise the base part number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. Although there are no default values for packaging, enable logic, pin length and feature set, the most common options are vertical mount SIP (V), Negative/Open logic (O), 0.160” pins (R) and Sense feature set (S). These part numbers are more like- ly to be readily available in stock for evaluation and proto- type quantities. Application Notes A variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf format at www.synqor.com.

ORDERING INFORMATION

The tables below show the valid model numbers and order- ing options for converters in this product family. When ordering SynQor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional 3 characters for options. * Nominal output voltage for this unit is 0.9V and it must be trim- mmed up or down for any other desired voltage. The following option choices must be included in place of the p x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. Warranty SynQor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. Complete warranty information is listed on our web site or is available upon request from SynQor. Information furnished by SynQor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by SynQor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of SynQor. Contact SynQor for further information: Phone: 978-849-0600 Toll Free: 888-567-9596 Fax: 978-849-0602 E-mail: sales@synqor.com Web: www.synqor.com Address: 155 Swanson Road Boxborough, MA 01719 NQ03009p MA15xyz 3.0 - 3.6 V 0.9 V 15 A NQ03012p MA15xyz 3.0 - 3.6 V 1.2 V 15 A NQ03015p MA15xyz 3.0 - 3.6 V 1.5 V 15 A NQ03018p MA15xyz 3.0 - 3.6 V 1.8 V 15 A NQ03025p MA15xyz 3.0 - 3.6 V 2.5 V 15 A NQ03T25p MA15xyz* 3.0 - 3.6 V 0.85-2.75V 15 A Output Voltage Max Output CurrentModel Number Input Voltage Packaging: p Options Description: x y z N - Negative O - Neg/Open Feature Set V - Vert. Mount SIP H - Horz. Mount SIP Packaging R - 0.160" (Standard) V - 0.160" (Vert Reversed) S - Sense (Std.) N - None Enable Logic Pin Style NQ 03 025 V M A 15 O R S Product Family Packaging (see Order Info) Performance Level Thermal Design Output Current Options (see Ordering Information) Input Voltage Output Voltage

Summary

15A Non-Isolated DC/DC Converter in SIP configuration

Description