MAX7000A ALTERA | Alldatasheet

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October 2002, ver. 4.3 Data Sheet DS-M7000A-4.3 Features... ■ High-performance 3.3-V EEPROM-based programmable logic devices (PLDs) built on second-generation Multiple Array MatriX (MAX®) architecture (see Table 1) ■ 3.3-V in-system programmability (ISP) through the built-in IEEE Std. 1149.1 Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) interface with advanced pin-locking capability – MAX 7000AE device in-system programmability (ISP) circuitry compliant with IEEE Std. 1532 – EPM7128A and EPM7256A device ISP circuitry compatible with IEEE Std. 1532 ■ Built-in boundary-scan test (BST) circuitry compliant with IEEE Std. 1149.1 ■ Supports JEDEC Jam Standard Test and Programming Language (STAPL) JESD-71 ■ Enhanced ISP features – Enhanced ISP algorithm for faster programming (excluding EPM7128A and EPM7256A devices) – ISP_Done bit to ensure complete programming (excluding EPM7128A and EPM7256A devices) – Pull-up resistor on I/O pins during in-system programming ■ Pin-compatible with the popular 5.0-V MAX 7000S devices ■ High-density PLDs ranging from 600 to 10,000 usable gates ■ Extended temperature range f For information on in-system programmable 5.0-V MAX 7000 or 2.5-V MAX 7000B devices, see the MAX 7000 Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet or the MAX 7000B Programmable Logic Device Family Data Sheet.

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MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet ...and More

Features

■ 4.5-ns pin-to-pin logic delays with counter frequencies of up to

227.3 MHz

■ MultiVoltTM I/O interface enables device core to run at 3.3 V, while I/O pins are compatible with 5.0-V, 3.3-V, and 2.5-V logic levels ■ Pin counts ranging from 44 to 256 in a variety of thin quad flat pack (TQFP), plastic quad flat pack (PQFP), ball-grid array (BGA), space- saving FineLine BGATM, and plastic J-lead chip carrier (PLCC) packages ■ Supports hot-socketing in MAX 7000AE devices ■ Programmable interconnect array (PIA) continuous routing structure for fast, predictable performance ■ PCI-compatible ■ Bus-friendly architecture, including programmable slew-rate control ■ Open-drain output option ■ Programmable macrocell registers with individual clear, preset, clock, and clock enable controls ■ Programmable power-up states for macrocell registers in MAX 7000AE devices ■ Programmable power-saving mode for 50% or greater power reduction in each macrocell ■ Configurable expander product-term distribution, allowing up to 32 product terms per macrocell ■ Programmable security bit for protection of proprietary designs ■ 6 to 10 pin- or logic-driven output enable signals ■ Two global clock signals with optional inversion ■ Enhanced interconnect resources for improved routability ■ Fast input setup times provided by a dedicated path from I/O pin to macrocell registers ■ Programmable output slew-rate control ■ Programmable ground pins Table 1. MAX 7000A Device Features

MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet ■ Software design support and automatic place-and-route provided by Altera’s development systems for Windows-based PCs and Sun SPARCstation, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 workstations ■ Additional design entry and simulation support provided by EDIF 2 0 0 and 3 0 0 netlist files, library of parameterized modules (LPM), Verilog HDL, VHDL, and other interfaces to popular EDA tools from manufacturers such as Cadence, Exemplar Logic, Mentor Graphics, OrCAD, Synopsys, Synplicity, and VeriBest ■ Programming support with Altera’s Master Programming Unit (MPU), MasterBlasterTM serial/universal serial bus (USB) communications cable, ByteBlasterMVTM parallel port download cable, and BitBlasterTM serial download cable, as well as programming hardware from third-party manufacturers and any JamTM STAPL File (.jam), Jam Byte-Code File (.jbc), or Serial Vector Format File- (.svf) capable in-circuit tester General

Description

MAX 7000A (including MAX 7000AE) devices are high-density, high- performance devices based on Altera’s second-generation MAX architecture. Fabricated with advanced CMOS technology, the EEPROM- based MAX 7000A devices operate with a 3.3-V supply voltage and provide 600 to 10,000 usable gates, ISP, pin-to-pin delays as fast as 4.5 ns, and counter speeds of up to 227.3 MHz. MAX 7000A devices in the -4, -5, -6, -7, and some -10 speed grades are compatible with the timing requirements for 33 MHz operation of the PCI Special Interest Group (PCI SIG) PCI Local Bus Specification, Revision 2.2. See Table 2. Table 2. MAX 7000A Speed Grades

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PQFP, and TQFP packages. See Table 3 and Table 4. design a board to support a variety of devices, providing a flexible migration path across densities and pin counts. migration is fully supported by Altera development tools. See “SameFrame Pin-Outs” on page 15 for more details. Table 3. MAX 7000A Maximum User I/O Pins Note (1) Table 4. MAX 7000A Maximum User I/O Pins Note (1)

MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet MAX 7000A devices use CMOS EEPROM cells to implement logic functions. The user-configurable MAX 7000A architecture accommodates a variety of independent combinatorial and sequential logic functions. The devices can be reprogrammed for quick and efficient iterations during design development and debug cycles, and can be programmed and erased up to 100 times. MAX 7000A devices contain from 32 to 512 macrocells that are combined into groups of 16 macrocells, called logic array blocks (LABs). Each macrocell has a programmable-AND/fixed-OR array and a configurable register with independently programmable clock, clock enable, clear, and preset functions. To build complex logic functions, each macrocell can be supplemented with both shareable expander product terms and high- speed parallel expander product terms, providing up to 32 product terms per macrocell. MAX 7000A devices provide programmable speed/power optimization. Speed-critical portions of a design can run at high speed/full power, while the remaining portions run at reduced speed/low power. This speed/power optimization feature enables the designer to configure one or more macrocells to operate at 50% or lower power while adding only a nominal timing delay. MAX 7000A devices also provide an option that reduces the slew rate of the output buffers, minimizing noise transients when non-speed-critical signals are switching. The output drivers of all MAX 7000A devices can be set for 2.5 V or 3.3 V, and all input pins are 2.5-V, 3.3-V, and 5.0-V tolerant, allowing MAX 7000A devices to be used in mixed-voltage systems. MAX 7000A devices are supported by Altera development systems, which are integrated packages that offer schematic, text—including VHDL, Verilog HDL, and the Altera Hardware Description Language (AHDL)—and waveform design entry, compilation and logic synthesis, simulation and timing analysis, and device programming. The software provides EDIF 2 0 0 and 3 0 0, LPM, VHDL, Verilog HDL, and other interfaces for additional design entry and simulation support from other industry-standard PC- and UNIX-workstation-based EDA tools. The software runs on Windows-based PCs, as well as Sun SPARCstation, and HP 9000 Series 700/800 workstations. f For more information on development tools, see the MAX+PLUS II Programmable Logic Development System & Software Data Sheet and the Quartus Programmable Logic Development System & Software Data Sheet.

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MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet Functional The MAX 7000A architecture includes the following elements: ■ Logic array blocks (LABs) ■ Macrocells ■ Expander product terms (shareable and parallel) ■ Programmable interconnect array ■ I/O control blocks The MAX 7000A architecture includes four dedicated inputs that can be used as general-purpose inputs or as high-speed, global control signals (clock, clear, and two output enable signals) for each macrocell and I/O pin. Figure 1 shows the architecture of MAX 7000A devices.

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and the programmable register. Figure 2 shows a MAX 7000A macrocell. Figure 2. MAX 7000A Macrocell allocation according to the logic requirements of the design.

36 Signals

16 Expander

MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet For registered functions, each macrocell flipflop can be individually programmed to implement D, T, JK, or SR operation with programmable clock control. The flipflop can be bypassed for combinatorial operation. During design entry, the designer specifies the desired flipflop type; the Altera software then selects the most efficient flipflop operation for each registered function to optimize resource utilization. Each programmable register can be clocked in three different modes: ■ Global clock signal. This mode achieves the fastest clock-to-output performance. ■ Global clock signal enabled by an active-high clock enable. A clock enable is generated by a product term. This mode provides an enable on each flipflop while still achieving the fast clock-to-output performance of the global clock. ■ Array clock implemented with a product term. In this mode, the flipflop can be clocked by signals from buried macrocells or I/O pins. Two global clock signals are available in MAX 7000A devices. As shown in Figure 1, these global clock signals can be the true or the complement of either of the global clock pins, GCLK1 or GCLK2. Each register also supports asynchronous preset and clear functions. As shown in Figure 2, the product-term select matrix allocates product terms to control these operations. Although the product-term-driven preset and clear from the register are active high, active-low control can be obtained by inverting the signal within the logic array. In addition, each register clear function can be individually driven by the active-low dedicated global clear pin (GCLRn). Upon power-up, each register in a MAX 7000AE device may be set to either a high or low state. This power-up state is specified at design entry. Upon power-up, each register in EPM7128A and EPM7256A devices are set to a low state. All MAX 7000A I/O pins have a fast input path to a macrocell register. This dedicated path allows a signal to bypass the PIA and combinatorial logic and be clocked to an input D flipflop with an extremely fast (as low as 2.5 ns) input setup time.

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logic resources to obtain the fastest possible speed. can feed multiple macrocells. Figure 3. MAX 7000A Shareable Expanders Shareable expanders can be shared by any or all macrocells in an LAB.

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MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet Parallel Expanders Parallel expanders are unused product terms that can be allocated to a neighboring macrocell to implement fast, complex logic functions. Parallel expanders allow up to 20 product terms to directly feed the macrocell OR logic, with five product terms provided by the macrocell and 15 parallel expanders provided by neighboring macrocells in the LAB. The compiler can allocate up to three sets of up to five parallel expanders to the macrocells that require additional product terms. Each set of five parallel expanders incurs a small, incremental timing delay (t PEXP). For example, if a macrocell requires 14 product terms, the compiler uses the five dedicated product terms within the macrocell and allocates two sets of parallel expanders; the first set includes five product terms, and the second set includes four product terms, increasing the total delay by 2 × t PEXP. Two groups of eight macrocells within each LAB (e.g., macrocells 1 through 8 and 9 through 16) form two chains to lend or borrow parallel expanders. A macrocell borrows parallel expanders from lower- numbered macrocells. For example, macrocell 8 can borrow parallel expanders from macrocell 7, from macrocells 7 and 6, or from macrocells 7, 6, and 5. Within each group of eight, the lowest-numbered macrocell can only lend parallel expanders, and the highest-numbered macrocell can only borrow them. Figure 4 shows how parallel expanders can be borrowed from a neighboring macrocell.

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Figure 4. MAX 7000A Parallel Expanders Unused product terms in a macrocell can be allocated to a neighboring macrocell. which selects a PIA signal to drive into the LAB.

Figure 5. MAX 7000A PIA Routing performance easy to predict.

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Figure 6. I/O Control Block of MAX 7000A Devices signals. EPM7512AE devices have 10 output enable signals.

count packages form a subset of the higher-ball-count packages. take advantage of this migration (see Figure 7). Figure 7. SameFrame Pin-Out Example

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MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet In-System Programma- bility MAX 7000A devices can be programmed in-system via an industry- standard 4-pin IEEE Std. 1149.1 (JTAG) interface. ISP offers quick, efficient iterations during design development and debugging cycles. The MAX 7000A architecture internally generates the high programming voltages required to program EEPROM cells, allowing in-system programming with only a single 3.3-V power supply. During in-system programming, the I/O pins are tri-stated and weakly pulled-up to eliminate board conflicts. The pull-up value is nominally 50 kΩ . MAX 7000AE devices have an enhanced ISP algorithm for faster programming. These devices also offer an ISP_Done bit that provides safe operation when in-system programming is interrupted. This ISP_Done bit, which is the last bit programmed, prevents all I/O pins from driving until the bit is programmed. This feature is only available in EPM7032AE, EPM7064AE, EPM7128AE, EPM7256AE, and EPM7512AE devices. ISP simplifies the manufacturing flow by allowing devices to be mounted on a PCB with standard pick-and-place equipment before they are programmed. MAX 7000A devices can be programmed by downloading the information via in-circuit testers, embedded processors, the Altera MasterBlaster serial/USB communications cable, ByteBlasterMV parallel port download cable, and BitBlaster serial download cable. Programming the devices after they are placed on the board eliminates lead damage on high-pin-count packages (e.g., QFP packages) due to device handling. MAX 7000A devices can be reprogrammed after a system has already shipped to the field. For example, product upgrades can be performed in the field via software or modem. In-system programming can be accomplished with either an adaptive or constant algorithm. An adaptive algorithm reads information from the unit and adapts subsequent programming steps to achieve the fastest possible programming time for that unit. A constant algorithm uses a pre- defined (non-adaptive) programming sequence that does not take advantage of adaptive algorithm programming time improvements. Some in-circuit testers cannot program using an adaptive algorithm. Therefore, a constant algorithm must be used. MAX 7000AE devices can be programmed with either an adaptive or constant (non-adaptive) algorithm. EPM7128A and EPM7256A device can only be programmed with an adaptive algorithm; users programming these two devices on platforms that cannot use an adaptive algorithm should use EPM7128AE and EPM7256AE devices. The Jam Standard Test and Programming Language (STAPL), JEDEC standard JESD 71, can be used to program MAX 7000A devices with in- circuit testers, PCs, or embedded processors.

MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet f For more information on using the Jam STAPL language, see Application Note 88 (Using the Jam Language for ISP & ICR via an Embedded Processor) and Application Note 122 (Using Jam STAPL for ISP & ICR via an Embedded Processor). ISP circuitry in MAX 7000AE devices is compliant with the IEEE Std. 1532 specification. The IEEE Std. 1532 is a standard developed to allow concurrent ISP between multiple PLD vendors. Programming with External Hardware MAX 7000A devices can be programmed on Windows-based PCs with an Altera Logic Programmer card, the MPU, and the appropriate device adapter. The MPU performs continuity checks to ensure adequate electrical contact between the adapter and the device. f For more information, see the Altera Programming Hardware Data Sheet. The Altera software can use text- or waveform-format test vectors created with the Altera Text Editor or Waveform Editor to test the programmed device. For added design verification, designers can perform functional testing to compare the functional device behavior with the results of simulation. Data I/O, BP Microsystems, and other programming hardware manufacturers provide programming support for Altera devices. f For more information, see Programming Hardware Manufacturers. IEEE Std. 1149.1 (JTAG) Boundary-Scan Support MAX 7000A devices include the JTAG BST circuitry defined by IEEE Std. 1149.1. Table 5 describes the JTAG instructions supported by MAX 7000A devices. The pin-out tables, available from the Altera web site (http://www.altera.com), show the location of the JTAG control pins for each device. If the JTAG interface is not required, the JTAG pins are available as user I/O pins.

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Table 5. MAX 7000A JTAG Instructions STAPL File, JBC File, or SVF File via an embedded processor or test equipment.

electronic signature (UES) register length in MAX 7000A devices is 16 bits. (1) The most significant bit (MSB) is on the left. (2) The least significant bit (LSB) for all JTAG IDCODEs is 1. Devices) for more information on JTAG BST. Table 6. MAX 7000A Boundary-Scan Register Length Table 7. 32-Bit MAX 7000A Device IDCODE Note (1)

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Figure 8 shows timing information for the JTAG signals. Figure 8. MAX 7000A JTAG Waveforms (1) Timing parameters shown in this table apply for all specified VCCIO levels. Table 8. JTAG Timing Parameters & Values for MAX 7000A Devices Note (1)

operate at maximum frequency. tEN, tSEXP, tACL, and tCPPW parameters. set for I/O output drivers (VCCIO). always be driven by 2.5-V, 3.3-V, or 5.0-V signals. Table 9 describes the MAX 7000A MultiVolt I/O support. Table 9. MAX 7000A MultiVolt I/O Support

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MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet Open-Drain Output Option MAX 7000A devices provide an optional open-drain (equivalent to open-collector) output for each I/O pin. This open-drain output enables the device to provide system-level control signals (e.g., interrupt and write enable signals) that can be asserted by any of several devices. This output can also provide an additional wired-OR plane. Open-drain output pins on MAX 7000A devices (with a pull-up resistor to the 5.0-V supply) can drive 5.0-V CMOS input pins that require a high V IH. When the open-drain pin is active, it will drive low. When the pin is inactive, the resistor will pull up the trace to 5.0 V to meet CMOS VOH requirements. The open-drain pin will only drive low or tri-state; it will never drive high. The rise time is dependent on the value of the pull-up resistor and load impedance. The I OL current specification should be considered when selecting a pull-up resistor. Programmable Ground Pins Each unused I/O pin on MAX 7000A devices may be used as an additional ground pin. In EPM7128A and EPM7256A devices, utilizing unused I/O pins as additional ground pins requires using the associated macrocell. In MAX 7000AE devices, this programmable ground feature does not require the use of the associated macrocell; therefore, the buried macrocell is still available for user logic. Slew-Rate Control The output buffer for each MAX 7000A I/O pin has an adjustable output slew rate that can be configured for low-noise or high-speed performance. A faster slew rate provides high-speed transitions for high-performance systems. However, these fast transitions may introduce noise transients into the system. A slow slew rate reduces system noise, but adds a nominal delay of 4 to 5 ns. When the configuration cell is turned off, the slew rate is set for low-noise performance. Each I/O pin has an individual EEPROM bit that controls the slew rate, allowing designers to specify the slew rate on a pin-by-pin basis. The slew rate control affects both the rising and falling edges of the output signal.

when the device is reprogrammed. erased during early stages of the production flow. Figure 9. MAX 7000A AC Test Conditions observable noise immunity can result.

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capacitance for MAX 7000A devices. Table 10. MAX 7000A Device Absolute Maximum Ratings Note (1) Table 11. MAX 7000A Device Recommended Operating Conditions

Table 12. MAX 7000A Device DC Operating Conditions Note (6) Table 13. MAX 7000A Device Capacitance Note (12)

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MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet Notes to tables: (1) See the Operating Requirements for Altera Devices Data Sheet. (2) Minimum DC input voltage is –0.5 V. During transitions, the inputs may undershoot to –2.0 V for input currents less than 100 mA and periods shorter than 20 ns. (3) For EPM7128A and EPM7256A devices only, V CC must rise monotonically. (4) In MAX 7000AE devices, all pins, including dedicated inputs, I/O pins, and JTAG pins, may be driven before VCCINT and VCCIO are powered. (5) These devices support in-system programming for –40 ° to 100° C. For in-system programming support between –40° and 0° C, contact Altera Applications. (6) These values are specified under the recommended operating conditions shown in Table 11 on page 24. (7) The parameter is measured with 50 % of the outputs each sourcing the specified current. The I OH parameter refers to high-level TTL or CMOS output current. (8) The parameter is measured with 50 % of the outputs each sinking the specified current. The I OL parameter refers to low-level TTL or CMOS output current. (9) This value is specified for normal device operation. For MAX 7000AE devices, the maximum leakage current during power-up is ±300 µA. For EPM7128A and EPM7256A devices, leakage current during power-up is not specified. (10) For EPM7128A and EPM7256A devices, this pull-up exists while a device is programmed in-system. (11) For MAX 7000AE devices, this pull-up exists while devices are programmed in-system and in unprogrammed devices during power-up. (12) Capacitance is measured at 25 °C and is sample-tested only. The OE1 pin (high-voltage pin during programming) has a maximum capacitance of 20 pF. (13) The POR time for MAX 7000AE devices (except MAX 7128A and MAX 7256A devices) does not exceed 100 µs. The sufficient VCCINT voltage level for POR is 3.0 V. The device is fully initialized within the POR time after V CCINT reaches the sufficient POR voltage level.

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Figure 11. MAX 7000A Timing Model between internal and external delay parameters.

Figure 12. MAX 7000A Switching Waveforms

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Table 14. EPM7032AE External Timing Parameters Note (1)

Table 15. EPM7032AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Note (1)

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Table 15. EPM7032AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Note (1)

Table 16. EPM7064AE External Timing Parameters Note (1)

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Table 17. EPM7064AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Note (1)

Table 17. EPM7064AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Note (1)

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Table 18. EPM7128AE External Timing Parameters Note (1)

Table 19. EPM7128AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Note (1)

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Table 19. EPM7128AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Note (1)

Table 20. EPM7256AE External Timing Parameters Note (1)

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Table 21. EPM7256AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Note (1)

Table 21. EPM7256AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Note (1)

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Table 22. EPM7512AE External Timing Parameters Note (1)

Table 23. EPM7512AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Note (1)

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Table 23. EPM7512AE Internal Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Note (1)

Table 24. EPM7128A External Timing Parameters Note (1)

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Table 25. EPM7128A Internal Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Note (1)

Table 25. EPM7128A Internal Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Note (1)

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Table 26. EPM7256A External Timing Parameters Note (1)

Table 27. EPM7256A Internal Timing Parameters (Part 1 of 2) Note (1)

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Figure 12 for more information on switching waveforms. devices, add an additional 0.1 ns to the PIA timing value. (4) This parameter is measured with a 16-bit loadable, enabled, up/down counter programmed into each LAB. CCIO = 2.5 ± 0.2 V for commercial and industrial use. Application Note 74 (Evaluating Power for Altera Devices). Table 27. EPM7256A Internal Timing Parameters (Part 2 of 2) Note (1)

and the environmental operating conditions. Table 28. MAX 7000A ICC Equation Constants

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Figure 13. ICC vs. Frequency for MAX 7000A Devices (Part 1 of 2)

192.3 MHz

108.7 MHz

222.2 MHz

125.0 MHz

144.9 MHz

Figure 13. ICC vs. Frequency for MAX 7000A Devices (Part 2 of 2) Library for pin-out information. Figure 14. 44-Pin PLCC/TQFP Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outlines not drawn to scale.

172.4 MHz

102.0 MHz

116.3 MHz

76.3 MHz

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Figure 15. 49-Pin Ultra FineLine BGA Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outlines not drawn to scale. Figure 16. 84-Pin PLCC Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outline not drawn to scale.

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Figure 19. 144-Pin TQFP Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outline not drawn to scale . Figure 20. 169-Pin Ultra FineLine BGA Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outline not drawn to scale .

Figure 21. 208-Pin PQFP Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outline not drawn to scale .

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Figure 22. 256-Pin BGA Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outline not drawn to scale.

Figure 23. 256-Pin FineLine BGA Package Pin-Out Diagram Package outline not drawn to scale . ■ Removed Note (1) from Table 2. ■ Removed Note (4) from Tables 3 and 4.

Copyright © 2002 Altera Corporation. All rights reserved. Altera, The Programmable Solutions Company, the stylized Altera logo, specific device designations, and all other words and logos that are identified as trademarks and/or service marks are, unless noted otherwise, the trademarks and service marks of Altera Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. All other product or service names are the property of their respective holders. Altera products are protected under numerous U.S. and foreign patents and pending applications, maskwork rights, and copyrights. Altera warrants performance of its semiconductor products to current specifications in accordance with Altera's standard warranty, but reserves the right to make changes to any products and services at any time without notice. Altera assumes no responsibility or liability arising out of the application or use of any information, product, or service described herein except as expressly agreed to in writing by Altera Corporation. Altera customers are advised to obtain the latest version of device specifications before relying on any published information and before placing orders for products or services

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San Jose, CA 95134 (408) 544-7000 http://www.altera.com Applications Hotline: (800) 800-EPLD Literature Services: lit_req@altera.com MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet

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Version 4.1 The following changes were made in the MAX 7000A Programmable Logic Device Data Sheet version 4.1: ■ Updated leakage current information in Table 12. ■ Updated Note (9) of Table 12. ■ Updated Note (1) of Tables 14 through 27.