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Sense & Control Data Sheet Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21 KP234 Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor BAP Analog Barometric Air Pressure Sensor IC

81726 Munich, Germany

© 2010 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. Legal Disclaimer The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office ( www.infineon.com ). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life-support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered.

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Data Sheet 3 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Data Sheet 4 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21 Trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG A-GOLD™, BlueMoon™, COMNEON™, CONVERGATE™, COSIC™, C166™, CROSSAVE™, CanPAK™, CIPOS™, CoolMOS™, CoolSET™, CONVERPATH™, CORECONTRO L™, DAVE™, DUALFALC™, DUSLIC™, EasyPIM™, EconoBRIDGE™, EconoDUAL™, EconoPACK™, Eco noPIM™, E-GOLD™, EiceDRIVER™, EUPEC™, ELIC™, EPIC™, FALC™, FCOS™, FLEXISLIC™, GEM INAX™, GOLDMOS™, HITFET™, HybridPACK™, INCA™, ISAC™, ISOFACE™, IsoPACK™, IWOR X™, M-GOLD™, MIPAQ™, ModSTACK™, MUSLIC™, my-d™, NovalithIC™, OCTALFALC™, OCTAT™, Om niTune™, OmniVia™, OptiMOS™, OPTIVERSE™, ORIGA™, PROFET™, PRO-SIL™, PrimePACK™, QUADFALC™, RASIC™, ReverSave™, SatRIC™, SCEPTRE™, SCOUT™, S-GOLD™, SensoNor™, SERO CCO™, SICOFI™, SIEGET™, SINDRION™, SLIC™, SMARTi™, SmartLEWIS™, SMINT™, SOC RATES™, TEMPFET™, thinQ!™, TrueNTRY™, TriCore™, TRENCHSTOP™, VINAX™, VINETIC™, VIONTIC™, WildPass™, X-GOLD™, XMM™, X-PMU™, XPOSYS™, XWAY™. Other Trademarks AMBA™, ARM™, MULTI-ICE™, PRIMECELL™, REALVIEW™, THU MB™ of ARM Limited, UK. AUTOSAR™ is licensed by AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth™ of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq™ of DECT Forum. COLOSSUS™, FirstGPS™ of Trimble Navigation Ltd. EMV™ of EMVCo, LLC (Visa Holdings Inc.). EPCOS™ of Epcos AG. FLEXGO™ of Microsoft Corporation. FlexRay ™ is licensed by FlexRay Consortium. HYPERTERMINAL™ of Hilgraeve Incorporated. IEC™ of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale. IrDA™ of Infrared Data Association Corporation. ISO™ of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB™ of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM™ of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. MICROTEC™, NUCLEUS™ of Mentor Graphics Corporation. Mifare™ of NXP. MIPI™ of MIPI Alliance, Inc. MIPS™ of MIPS Technologies, Inc., USA. muRata™ of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO. OmniVision ™ of OmniVision Technologies, Inc. Openwave™ Openwave Systems Inc. RED HAT™ Red Hat, Inc. RFMD™ RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS™ of Sirius Sattelite Radio Inc. SOLARIS™ of Sun Microsystems, Inc. SPANSION™ of Spansion LLC Ltd. Symbian™ of Symbian Software Limited. TAIYO YUDEN™ of Taiyo Yuden Co. TEAKLITE™ of CEVA, Inc. TEKTRONIX™ of Tektronix Inc. TOKO™ of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX™ of X/Open Company Limited. VERILOG™, PALLADIUM™ of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ™ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS™, WIND RIVER™ of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX™ of D iodes Zetex Limited. Last Trademarks Update 2009-10-19 KP234 Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Revision History: 2010-06-21, Revision 1.0 Previous Revision: Revision 0.9.1 Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) Page 17 Comment about application circuit example added Page 18 Thermal resistance specified according JESD51-2 Change document status from preliminary to final

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Table of Contents Data Sheet 5 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21 Table of Contents

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor List of Tables Data Sheet 7 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21 List of Tables

Product Name Product Type Ordering Code Package Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor KP234 SP000700772 PG-DSOF-8-16 KP234 Data Sheet 8 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21 KP234 Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Product Description

1 Product Description

The KP234 is a miniaturized Analog Barometric Air Pressure Sensor IC based on a capacitive principle. It is surface micromachined with a monolithic integrated signal conditioning circuit implemented in BiCMOS technology. The sensor converts a pressure into an analog output signal. The calibrated transfer function converts a pressure range of 40 kPa to 115 kPa into a voltage range of 1.33 V to 4.70 V. The chip is packaged in a “green” SMD housing. The sensor has been primarily developed for measuring barometric air pressure, but can also be used in other application fields. The high accuracy and the high sensitivity of the device makes it a perfect fit for advanced automotive applications as well as in industrial and consumer applications.

1.1 Features

Following features are supported by the KP234:

  • High precision pressure sensing ( ± 1.5 kPa)
  • Ratiometric analog output
  • Large temperature range (-40 ° C to 125 ° C)
  • Broken wire detection
  • “Green” 8 pin SMD housing
  • Automotive qualified

1.2 Target Applications

The KP234 is defined for use in following target applications:

  • Automotive applications (barometric air pressure measurement)
  • Industrial control
  • Consumer applications
  • Medical applications
  • Weather stations
  • Altimeters

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 9 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

2 Functional Description

The pressure is detected by an array of capacitive surface micromachined sensor cells. The sensor cell output is amplified, temperature compensated and linearized to obtain an output voltage that is proportional to the applied pressure. The transfer function for linearization is computed in the digital part of the sensor using a third order polynomial calculation. The transfer function is created from the following parameters:

  • Minimum and maximum rated pressure
  • Voltage level at minimum and maximum rated pressure The output is analog and ratiometric with respect to the supply voltage. All parameters needed for the complete calibration algorithm — such as offset, gain, temperature coefficients of offset and gain, and linearization parameters — are determined after assembly. The parameters are stored in an integrated E²PROM. The E²PROM content is protected with forward error correction (a one bit error is detected and corrected, errors of more than one bit are detected and the output signal is switched to ground potential). Open Bond Detection When the chip is not powered properly, the JFET transistors of the broken wire detection stage are self- conducting. For example, if the GND connection is interrupted, the output is drawn strongly to VDD. Similarly, if the VDD connection is broken, the output is drawn to GND.

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 10 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

2.1 Pin Configuration

Figure 1 shows the pin configuration. Figure 1 Pin configuration (top view, figure not to scale)

2.2 Pin Description

Table 1 shows the pin description. Table 1 Pin Description Pin No. Name Function

1 TEST Test pin

1) Digital pins are used only during calibration and test. It is recommended to leave these pins floating (in case of an open GND connection, the floating pins prevent from a cross grounding through the corresponding ESD diodes).

2 CLOCK / V PROG External clock for communication / programming voltage 1)

3 DATA IN Serial data input pin 1)

4 DATA OUT Serial data output pin 1)

5 V DD Supply voltage

6 GND Circuit ground potential 2)

2) It is recommended to connect both GND pins.

7 V OUT Analog pressure signal output

8 GND Circuit ground potential 2)

V OUT GND V DD DATA IN TEST CLOCK / V PROG DATA OUT

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 11 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

2.3 Block Diagram

Figure 2 shows the functional block diagram. Figure 2 Functional block diagram A D 1 bit D A 12 bit 1 kHz Linearization OBD VDD Clock Generator Temperature Compensation Internal Reference Voltage EEPROM ( 90+22 bit ) Digital Control Test and Programming Interface VDD CLOCK / VPROG DATA IN GND DATA OUT VOUT 30kHz 10 bit

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 12 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

2.4 Transfer Function

The KP234 device is fully calibrated on delivery. The sensor has a linear transfer function between the applied pressure and the output signal: The output signal is ratiometric. Gain a and offset b are determined during calibration in order to generate the required transfer function. Calibrated Transfer Function The following calibration is adjusted with the parameters a and b: Note: The points pIN,1 /VOUT,1 and pIN,2 /VOUT,2 define the calibrated transfer function and not the operating range. The operating pressure range is defined by the parameter 2.4 “Ambient operating pressure range” on Page 19 Figure 3 Transfer function Note: The application circuitry determines the current driven by the device and thus may have an impact on the output voltage delivered by the sensor. Table 2 Transfer function Pressure Output Voltage @ V DD = V DD,Typ Gain and Offset Symbol Values Unit Symbol Values Unit Symbol Value Unit p IN,1 15 kPa VOUT,1 0.2 V a 0.009 1/kPa pIN,2 115 kPa VOUT,2 4.7 V b -0.095 – V OUT = VDD x (a x P + b) VOUT [V] pressure [kPa] 0.0 1.0 3.0 2.0 4.0 5.0 30 50 70 90 110 130 150 operating pressure range maximum input pressure range

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 13 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

2.5 Accuracy

The accuracy of the KP234 sensor is influenced by the supply voltage (ratiometric error) as well as by pressure, temperature and aging effects. The specified value, calculated with the transfer function, represents the theoretical value (see Figure 3 ). The error equals the deviation between the measured output voltage value and the specified output voltage value.

2.5.1 Ratiometric Error

Ideally the sensor is ratiometric - the output (V OUT ) scales by the same ratio that VDD increases or decreases. The ratiometric error is defined as the difference between the ratio that VDD changed and the ratio that VOUT changed, expressed as a percentage. The output voltage VOUT is ratiometric to VDD . VDD must be in the operating range provided in Table 7 . Figure 4 Ratiometric error

2.5.2 Overall Accuracy

Overall accuracy covers the entire pressure and temperature range from different sources of error including the following: Pressure: Output deviation from target transfer function over the specified pressure range

  • Temperature: Output deviation over the temperature range Aging: Parameter drift over life time Table 3 Ratiometric Error Supply voltage (V) Max. ratiometric error ( E RAT in % of V DD, Typ ) VDD,Min ± 0.5 VDD,Typ 0 VDD,Max ± 0.5 ERAT (%) = VOUT (@V DD ) - V OUT (@5V) x VDD 5V x 100% -0.5 VDD,MIN VDD 0.5 VDD,MAX VDD,TYP E RAT (%)

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 14 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21 Note: Ratiometric signal error is not included in the overall accuracy. For error measurements, the supply voltage must have the nominal value ( VDD = VDD,Typ ). The error band is determined by three continuous lines through four relevant breakpoints. Figure 5 Accuracy for pressure acquisition Table 4 Accuracy Temperature [° C] Error [kPa] Error Multiplier -40 ±4.5 3.0 0 ±1.5 1.0 85 ±1.5 1.0 125 ±2.625 1.75 -40 0 85 125 error multiplier temperature [° C] absolute error [kPa] 0.0 0.5 1.5 1.0 2.0 2.5 1.5 2.625 3.0 4.5

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 15 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

2.6 Output Voltage versus Load

The output voltage limits depend on:

  • The value of the external load resistor.
  • The type of connection (pull-up or pull-down). Figure 6 Maximum output voltage limit with pull-down load Figure 7 Minimum output voltage limit with pull-up load Note: The values in the diagrams are valid for the entire specified temperature range. The two diagrams above do not take into account clamping levels. In case clamping levels are implemented, the output voltage is clamped accordingly. 4.50 4.60 4.70 4.80 4.90 source current [mA] pull-down resistance [kΩ] 20 10 550 0.1 4.85 VOUT [V]5.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 20 10 550 0.1 source current [mA] pull-up resistance [kΩ] VOUT [V]

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Functional Description Data Sheet 16 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

2.7 Timing Properties

The power-up time tUP is defined as the maximum time between the supply voltage reaching its operating range and the output voltage reaching 90% of its final value (assuming pin V OUT open and constant input pressure). Figure 8 Power-up time Response Time and Stabilization Time The response time tR is defined as the time required by the output to change from 10% to 90% of its final value after a specified pressure step (assuming pin V OUT open). The stabilization time tS is defined as the time required by the output to meet the specified accuracy after the pressure has been stabilized (assuming pin V OUT open). Figure 9 Response and stabilization time Note: The values in the diagrams are valid for the entire specified temperature range. 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 time [ms] V OUT 90% of Final Value VDD tUP voltage [V] constant input pressure 0 2 time [ms] voltage [V] 100 120 pressure [kPa] V OUT 90% of final value input pressure tR 10% of final value tS within required accuracy 1 3 4 5

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Specification Data Sheet 17 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

3 Specification

3.1 Application Circuit Example

It is recommended to protect the pressure sensor IC against overload and electro-magnetic interferences (as shown in Figure 10 ). The output circuit acts as a low-pass decoupling filter between the sensor IC output and the A/D input of the microcontroller. The shown application circuit example considers an increased cable length between the sensor and the microcontroller. A combined location on a PCB with reduced distance between the sensor and the controller allows a reduction of the numbers of the passive components (e.g. C 2, R1 and R2 can be omitted). Figure 10 Application circuit example Note: It is recommended to leave the digital pins CLOCK/V PROG , DATA IN and DATA OUT floating (in case of an open GND connection, the floating pins prevent from a cross grounding through the corresponding ESD diodes). Table 5 Component Values Component Symbol Values Unit Min. Typ. Max. Pull-Up Resistor R1 5 59 100 k Ω Pull-Down Resistor R2 5 59 100 k Ω Low Pass Resistor R3 3.9 22 100 k Ω Supply Blocking Capacitor C 1 10 100 100 nF Output Blocking Capacitor C 2 0 100 100 nF Low Pass Capacitor C 3 10 100 100 nF Microcontroller ADC Ref A/D in GND C 1 C 2 R 2 R 3 C 3 *) R1 and R 2 only alternatively KP 2xx

4 DATA OUT

3 DATA IN

2 CLOCK /

V PROG

1 Test VDD 5

n.c. n.c. n.c. n.c.

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Specification Data Sheet 18 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

3.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Attention: Stresses above the max. values listed in Table 6 may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Maximum ratings are absolute ratings; exceeding only one of these values may cause irreversible damage to the integrated circuit. Table 6 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Symbol Values Unit Note / Test Condition Numbe r Min. Typ. Max. Supply voltage VDD_max -0.3 -6.5 1) 1) Reverse polarity; IDD < 300 mA 6.5 16.5 V V V 1 h @ 70° C Limited time: Max. 300 s 1.1 Output voltage VOUT -0.3 – VDD + 0.3 V – 1.2 Voltage on CLOCK / V PROG pin VCLK – – 20 V – 1.3 Voltage on DATA IN & DATA_OUT pins VDATA – – 5 V – 1.4 Storage temperature TS -60 – 150 ° C – 1.5 Thermal resistance RthJA – – 180 K/W Thermal resistance between the die and ambinet; according to JESD51-2 1.6 Maximum input pressure pamb_max 40 – 150 600 kPa kPa Limited time: Max. 300 s 1.7 ESD robustness (HBM: 1.5 k Ω , 100 pF) VESD – – 2 kV According to EIA / JESD22-A114-E 1.8

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Specification Data Sheet 19 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

3.3 Operating Range

The following operating conditions must not be exceeded in order to ensure correct operation of the device. All parameters specified in the following sections refer to these operating conditions, unless noted otherwise. Table 7 Operating Range Parameter Symbol Values Unit Note / Test Condition Numbe r Min. Typ. Max. Supply voltage VDD 4.5 5.0 5.5 V VOUT is ratiometric to VDD 2.1 Output current on V OUT pin IOUT – mA mA pull-down resistor used pull-up resistor used 2.2 Operating temperature Ta -40 – 125 ° C 2.3 Ambient operating pressure range pamb 40 – 115 kPa 2.4 Lifetime 1) 1) The life time shall be considered as anticipation with regard to the product that shall not extend the agreed warranty period. tlive 15 – – years 2.5

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Specification Data Sheet 20 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

3.4 Characteristics

Table 8 Electrical Characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Unit Note / Test Condition Numbe r Min. Typ. Max. Output voltage range VOUT_R 0.10 – 4.85 V See also section “Output Voltage versus Load” on Page 15 3.1 Supply current IDD – 8 10 mA During power up a peak supply current of max. 22 mA is possible 3.2 Output referred noise VNOISE – 2.5 1.8 mV RMS mV RMS Frequency > 1 kHz 1) Frequency < 1 kHz 1) 200 measurements in sequence, bandwidth limited to 40kHz 3.3 Response time 2) 2) More details in section “Timing Properties” on Page 16 tR – 0.65 1.0 3) 3) The maximum response time considers a maximal value of 100nF for the output blocking capacitor C 2 and a maximum pressure pulse equivalent 4.0V output change ms 10% to 90% of the final output value 3.4 Stabilization time 2) tS – – 10 ms For full accuracy 3.5 Power-up time 2) tUP – – 5 ms 90% of the final output value 3.6 Broken wire: Diagnosis response time 4) In the event of a broken wire (broken VDD line or broken GND line), the output changes to certain voltage levels within the broken wire response time. The OBD ranges are determined by the application circuitry tOBD – – 1 ms 3.7 OBD transistor on resistance RDSON – – 160 Ω 3.8

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Specification Data Sheet 21 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21 Table 9 Transfer Function Parameter Symbol Values Unit Note / Test Condition Numbe r Min. Typ. Max. Sensitivity S – 45.0 – mV /kPa 4.1 Accuracy pressure (overall) 1) More details in section “Overall Accuracy” on Page 13 acc p -1.5 -4.5 -2.625 1.5 4.5 2.625 kPa kPa kPa 0° C up to 85 ° C @ -40° C @ 125° C 4.2 Ratriometric error 2) 2) More details in section “Ratiometric Error” on Page 13 ERAT -25 – 25 mV 4.3

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor

Package Information

Data Sheet 22 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

4 Package Information

The PG-DSOF-8-16 package is optimized regarding external mechanical stress influences. The package fulfills the solder conditions for lead-free board assembly. Details (soldering profile, application notes, etc.) are available under: www.infineon.com/package . Note: In the application, it is recommended to ensure that the same pressure is applied to the whole package.

4.1 PG-DSOF-8-16 Outline

Figure 11 Package outline (all dimensions in mm) OUTER DIMENSIONS DOES NOT INCLUDE PROTUSION OR INTRUSION OF 0.2 MAX. PER SIDE

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Data Sheet 23 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

4.2 Identification Code

The identification code is provided in a machine readable format. The date and sales code are provided in human readable format. Figure 12 Identification Code The identification code for the KP234 is on the same side of the package as pin 8 (GND). Data Matrix Code 8 x 18 Dots Dot Size: 0.15 mm x 0.15 mm Date Code Sales Code B Y Y W K P 2 3 4 W B: BE Location YY: Year WW: Week

Analog Absolute Pressure Sensor Data Sheet 24 Revision 1.0, 2010-06-21

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