W3011 AGERE | Alldatasheet
Document overview
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Technical content
Features
+ Guaranteed performance at 2.7 V power supply + Output power of 3 dBm into 50 Ω load (single- ended) with 3 V operation + Direct RF modulation with or without offset mixer + Automatic power control (APC) capability + Accurate 90° phase shifter for carrier + Double-balanced active mixers minimize carrier feedthrough (origin offset) + Low-current sleep mode
Applications
+ PDC 800 and American digital cellular mobile terminals + Cellular base stations
Description
The W3011 1 GHz Quadrature Modulator is a monolithic integrated circuit that provides direct modulation of an RF carrier by I & Q baseband inputs. It is particularly suited for use in mobile and handheld cellular telephones designed to the IS-136 (North American 824 MHz to 849 MHz), PDC (Japan RCR-STD27 889 MHz to 958 MHz), and other digital personal-communications standards. The circuit block diagram is shown in Figure 1. From two LO signals, LOL and LOH, the offset mixer produces an internal LO signal, which prevents the external VCOs from being pulled by the large transmitted signal. The phase shifter splits the LO signal into two carriers with 90° phase separation and equal amplitude. These signals are fed to the in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) double-balanced mixers. The resulting signals are summed and fed into the output amplifier. This amplifier can provide 0 dBm linear output power, minimum, into a 50 Ω load. The output power can be attenuated up to 50 dB by applying a control voltage to the APC input. Nominally, the output power is at maximum (+3 dBm) with V APC > 2.2 V, and at minimum (–50 dBm) with V APC < 0.8 V. A CMOS/TTL-compatible logic input allows the device to be put into a powerdown mode in which less than 10 µA of supply current is consumed. BIAS AND CONTROL V CC ENABLE GROUND ∑ φ EXTERNAL FILTER OR DIRECT LO INPUT APC RF OUT – π/4 +π/4 Q I LOL IN 50 Ω LOH IN 50 Ω Figure 1 . Circuit Block Diagram
1 GHz Quadrature Modulator September 1999
Table 1. Pin Descriptions
1 IP Differential Baseband Input (in-phase)
2 IN Differential Baseband Input (in-phase)
3 QP Differential Baseband Input (quad-phase)
4 QN Differential Baseband Input (quad-phase)
5 APC Automatic Power Control dc Input
6 GND dc Ground
7 ENABLE Logic Enable
8 GND dc Ground
9 LC1 Differential LO Input/External Filter
10 LC2 Differential LO Input/External Filter
11 LOHN Differential High-frequency Local Oscillator
12 LOHP Differential High-frequency Local Oscillator
13 LOLN Differential Low-frequency Local Oscillator
14 LOLP Differential Low-frequency Local Oscillator
15 GND dc Ground
16 GND dc Ground
17 RF OUT Open-collector RF Output
18 GND dc Ground
19 V CC RF Positive Power Supply for RF Output Stage
20 V CC Positive Power Supply (nonoutput circuits)
maximum ratings for extended periods can adversely affect device reliability. Table 2. Absolute Maximum Ratings
4 Lucent Technologies Inc. Operating Ranges The W3011 operating ranges are shown in Table 3. Performance is not guaranteed over the full range of all conditions possible within this table. However, the table lists the ranges of external conditions in which the W3011 provides general functionality, which may be useful in specific applications, without risk of permanent damage. The conditions for guaranteed performance are described in Tables 4 and 5. Table 3. Operating Ranges
0.282 V rms ac Input Level :
Electrical Characteristics
Table 4. dc and Digital Electrical Specifications
Table 5. ac Specifications
6 Lucent Technologies Inc. Explanation of Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) Testing Error vector magnitude (EVM) is estimated by feeding signals to the W3011 as described above in Table 5. A typical narrowband, sine-wave modulation output spectrum appears in Figure 3. –62 dBmU4 –70 dBmU3 –72 dBm –50 dBm USB 0 dBm Fc –40 dBm LSB –38 dBm –70 dBm –48 dBm –75 dBm –72 dBm –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 fl = fQ = 80 kHz fLOL = 130 MHz fLOH = 1030 MHz MAGNITUDE (dBm) FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 3 . W3011 Sine-Wave Modulation Output Spectrum Data from this spectrum is used to estimate EVM by the formula: + 10 P(L4)/20 + 10 P(L3)/20 + 10 P(L2)/20 + 10 P(LSB)/20 + 10 P(U2)/20
10 P(U3)/2 0
+ 10 P(U4)/20 + 10 P(U5)/20 ]/10 P(USB)/20 The data presented in the spectrum above would yield: 12589e–6 + 3162e–6 + 251e–6 + 316e–6 + 794e–6]/1000e–3 = 2.18% This approximates worst-case digital modulation results, because the sine-wave modulation estimate assumes all spurious outputs are in phase and adds their magnitudes as scalars. In addition, this estimate includes full- amplitude measurements of spurious peaks that would appear in adjacent and alternate channels, where a receiver would otherwise provide attenuation. The L3 third-order intermodulation peak and LSB (lower sideband) are normally the unwanted output frequencies that dominate the EVM estimate.
8 Lucent Technologies Inc. Offset Mixer (continued) W3011 Using Offset Mixer If the W3011 offset mixer is required, two VCOs must be connected (see Figure 6). A low-frequency (VHF) oscillator may be dc-coupled to either pin 13 (LOLN) or pin 14 (LOLP) if the VCO contains a dc-blocking capacitor at its output. Otherwise, use a low-impedance series capacitor between the VCO output and the LOL input. The other LOL pin must be dc-grounded (no external capacitor for the grounded pin). As shown in Figure 1, there is a 50 Ω termination resistor on chip, connected between pins 13 and 14. In the same way, as shown in Figure 6, one of the pins 11 (LOHN) or 12 (LOHP) must be connected to dc ground. The other pin is connected to a high-frequency (UHF) VCO, using either dc coupling (if the VCO contains a dc-blocking capacitor at its output) or a low-impedance series-coupling capacitor. There is also a 50 Ω termination resistor on chip connected between pins 11 and 12. When the offset mixer is used, it is necessary to filter the offset mixer output signal with a parallel-tuned LC filter between pins 9 and 10. The resonant frequency of this filter should be approximately the center of the transmit RF band (for example, about 920 MHz for PDC 800). The filter should be adjusted for lowest EVM at RFOUT. APC ENB I Q V CC RFOUT LOL VCO LOH (UHF) VCO φ Figure 6 . W3011 Application Using Offset Mixer
10 Lucent Technologies Inc. Characteristic Curves (continued) 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 RFOUT (dBm) ERROR VECTOR MAGNITUDE (%rms) 25 °C –20 °C 85 °C Figure 11 . EVM vs. Output Power and Temperature OUTPUT POWER (dBm) EVM (%rms)
1.2 Vdc
1.3 Vdc
1.5 Vdc
Figure 12 . EVM vs. Output Power and I/Q Common-Mode Voltage –80 –70 –60 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) ADJACENT CHANNEL POWER (dB) ± 50 kHz ± 100 kHz BELOW –30 dBm RF OUTPUT MEASUREMENT MAY BE LIMITED BY NOISE FLOOR OF SPECTRUM ANALYZER. Figure 13 . Adjacent Channel Power Suppression for PDC
September 1999 1 GHz Quadrature Modulator Lucent Technologies Inc. 11 Package Outline 20-Pin TSSOP Dimensions are in millimeters. 4.3/4.5 SEE DETAIL A 0.090/0.20 0.90 ± 0.05 -E- 11 20 10 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
0.254 EM M
6.25/6.5 BASE METAL WITH PLATING DETAIL C 0.22 ± 0.03 0.19/0.30 0.090/0.135 0.090/0.20 SEATING PLANE DETAIL B 0.076 C
0.65 BSC
1.10 MAX 0.15 MAX 6.50 ± 0.10
0.25 BSC
0.60 ± 0.108 SEE DETAIL C DETAIL B 5-5499
For additional information, contact your Microelectronics Group Account Manager or the following: INTERNET: http://www.lucent.com/micro E-MAIL: docmaster@micro.lucent.com N. AMERICA Microelectronics Group, Lucent Technologies Inc., 555 Union Boulevard, Room 30L-15P-BA, Allentown, PA 18103 1-800-372-2447 , FAX 610-712-4106 (In CANADA: 1-800-553-2448 , FAX 610-712-4106) ASIA PACIFIC: Microelectronics Group, Lucent Technologies Singapore Pte. Ltd., 77 Science Park Drive, #03-18 Cintech III, Singapore 118256 Tel. (65) 778 8833 , FAX (65) 777 7495 CHINA: Microelect ronics Group, Lucent Technologies (China) Co., Ltd., A-F2, 23/F, Zao Fong Universe Building, 1800 Zhong Shan Xi Road, Shanghai 200233 P.R. China Tel. (86) 21 6440 0468, ext. 316 , FAX (86) 21 6440 0652 JAPAN: Microelectronics Group, Lucent Technologies Ja pan Ltd., 7-18, Higashi-Gotanda 2-chome, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan Tel. (81) 3 5421 1600 , FAX (81) 3 5421 1700 EUROPE: Data Requests: MICROELECTRONICS GROUP DATALINE: Tel. (44) 7000 582 368 , FAX (44) 1189 328 148 Technical Inquiries: GERMANY: (49) 89 95086 0 (Munich), UNITED KINGDOM: (44) 1344 865 900 (Ascot), FRANCE: (33) 1 40 83 68 00 (Paris), SWEDEN: (46) 8 594 607 00 (Stockholm), FINLAND: (358) 9 4354 2800 (Helsinki), ITALY: (39) 02 6608131 (Milan), SPAIN: ( 34) 1 807 1441 (Madrid) Lucent Technologies Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the product(s) or information contained herein without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of their use or application. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of any such product(s) or information. Copyright © 1999 Lucent Technologies Inc. All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A. September 1999 DS99-205WRF (Replaces DS98-016WRF) Printed On Recycled Paper Manufacturing Information This device may be assembled in any of the following locations: assembly codes P, M, or T.
Ordering Information
Device Code Description Package Comcode LUCW3011FCL 1 GHz Quadrature Modulator 20-pin TSSOP 108 131 400 LUCW3011FCL-TR* 1 GHz Quadrature Modulator 20-pin TSSOP, tape and reel 108 131 426 EVB3011 Evaluation Board — 108 131 913 * Contact your Lucent Technologies Microelectronics Group Account Manager for minimum order requirements.