CLM2950 CALOGIC | Alldatasheet
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Technical content
FEATURES
- • 5V, 3.3V, and 3.0V Versions at 150mA Output
- • Very Low Quiescent Current
- • Low Dropout Voltage
- • Extremely Tight Load and Line Regulation
- • Very Low Temperature Coefficient
- • Needs Only 1µF for Stability
- • Current and Thermal Limiting
- • Unregulated DC Input can Withstand -20V Reverse Battery and +60V Positive Transients
- • Similar Replacement for LP2950/LP2951 Sockets CLM2951 Versions Only
- • Error Flag Warns of Output Dropout
- • Logic-Controlled Electronic Shutdown
- • Output Programmable from 1.24 to 29V
APPLICATIONS
- • Battery Powered Systems
- • Cordless Telephones
- • Radio Control Systems
- • Portable / Palm Top / Notebook Computers
- • Portable Consumer Equipment
- • Portable Instrumentation
- • Avionics
- • Automotive Electronics
- • SMPS Post-Regulator
- • Voltage Reference PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Calogic’s CLM2950 and CLM2951 are low power voltage regulators. These devices are an excellent choice for use in battery-powered applications such as cordless telephones, radio control systems, and portable computers. The CLM2950 and CLM2951 features very low quiescent current and very low dropout voltage (Typ. 50mV at light load and 380mV at 100mA). This includes a tight initial tolerance of 0.5% typ., extremely good load and line regulation of 0.05% typ. and very low output temperature coefficient, making the CLM2950/CLM2951 useful as a low-power voltage reference. Other key additional features of this device includes higher output current (150mA), positive transient protection up to 60V (Load dump), and the ability to survive an unregulated input voltage transient of -20V below ground (reverse battery). The error flag output feature is used as power-on reset for warning of a low output voltage, due to falling voltage input of batteries. Another feature is the logic-compatible shutdown input which enables the regulator to be switched on and off. The CLM2950 is offered in a 3-pin TO-92 package compatible with other 5 volt regulators. The CLM2951 is also available in 8-pin plastic and SO-8. The regulator output voltage may be pin-strapped for a 5V, 3.3V and 3.0 volts or programmed from 1.24 volt to 29 volts with an external pair of resistors.
ORDERING INFORMATION
PART PACKAGE TEMPERATURE RANGE CLM2950ACN-X TO-92 (3-Pin) IND. CLM2950CN-X TO-92 (3-Pin) IND. CLM2951ACP-X Plastic DIP (8-Pin) IND. CLM2951CP-X Plastic DIP (8-Pin) IND. CLM2951ACS-X Plastic SOIC (8-Pin) IND. CLM2951CS-X Plastic SOIC (8-Pin) IND. X = 3.0V, 3.3V or 5.0V CORPORATION PIN CONNECTIONS 1D-47 123 1. OUTPUT 2. GROUND 3. INPUT TO-92 BOTTOM VIEW GROUND 4 5 ERROR CLM2951 1D-46 8-PIN SURFACE MOUNT 5V OR 3.3V TAP FEEDBACK INPUT SHUTDOWN SENSE OUTPUT TOP VIEW CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025
Operating Junction Temperature Range oC CLM2950AC/CLM2950C CLM2950 / CLM2951 CORPORATION CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VS = 15V, TA = 25oC, unless otherwise specified. PARAMETER CLM2951 CLM2950AC CLM2951AC CLM2950C CLM2951C UNITS CONDITIONS (Note 2) MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX 3V VERSIONS Output Voltage 2.985 2.964 3.0 3.015 3.036 2.985 2.970 2.964 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.015 3.030 3.036 2.970 2.955 2.940 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.030 3.045 3.060 V V V TJ = 25oC -25oC ≤ TJ ≤ 85oC Full Operating Temperature 3.3V VERSIONS Output Voltage 3.284 3.260 3.3 3.317 3.340 3.284 3.267 3.260 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.317 3.333 3.340 3.267 3.251 3.234 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.333 3.350 3.366 V V V TJ = 25oC -25oC ≤ TJ ≤ 85oC Full Operating Temperature 5V VERSIONS Output Voltage 4.975 4.94 5.0 5.025 5.06 4.975 4.95 4.94 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.025 5.050 5.06 4.95 4.925 4.90 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.05 5.075 5.10 V V V TJ = 25oC -25oC ≤ TJ ≤ 85oC Full Operating Temperature ALL VOLTAGE OPTIONS Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient 20 120 20 50 ppm/ oC (Note 1) Dropout Voltage (Note 5) 380 450 450 500 380 450 450 500 380 450 450 500 mV mV mV IL = 100µA IL = 100mA IL = 150mA Ground Current 150 170 150 170 150 170 µA mA mA IL = 100µA IL = 100mA IL = 150mA Current Limit 130 200 130 200 130 200 mA V OUT = 0 Output Noise, 10Hz to 100KHz 430 160 100 430 160 100 0430 160 100 µVrms µVrms µVrms C L = 1µF C L = 200µF C L = 13.3µF (Bypass = 0.01µF pins 7 to 1 (CLM2951)) 8-PIN VERSIONS ONLY CLM2951 CLM2951AC CLM2951C Feedback Pin Bias Current 40 60 40 60 40 60 nA Reference Voltage Temperature Coefficient 20 20 50 ppm/ oC (Note 7) Feedback Pin Bias Current Temperature Coefficient 0.1 0.1 0.1 nA/ oC
1µF REFERENCE 1.23V UNREGULATED DC ERROR AMPLIFIER 60mV + TO CMOS OR TTL 330kΩFROM CMOS OR TTL 5V @ 150mA MAX 60kΩ CLM2950 AND CLM2951 BLOCK DIAGRAM 180kΩ 817 SENSE 5V TAP ERROR GROUND INPUT OUTPUTFEEDBACK SHUTDOWN CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) PARAMETER CLM2951 CLM2950AC CLM2951AC CLM2950C CLM2951C UNITS CONDITIONS (Note 2)MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX MIN TYP MAX ERROR COMPARATOR Output Leakage Current 0.01 1 0.01 1 0.01 1 µAV oh = 30V Output Low Voltage 150 250 150 250 150 250 mV V IN = 4.5V, IOL = 400µA Upper Threshold Voltage 40 60 40 60 40 60 mV (Note 8) Lower Threshold Voltage 75 95 75 95 75 95 mV (Note 8) Hysteresis 15 15 15 mV (Note 8) SHUTDOWN INPUT Input Logic Voltage 2 1.3 0.6 1.3 0.7 1.3 0.7 V V Low (Regulator ON) High (Regulator OFF) Shutdown Pin Input Current 675 800 675 800 675 800 µA µA V S = 2.4V VS = 30V Regulator Output Current In Shutdown 31 0 31 0 3 1 0 µA (Note 9) Note 1: Output or reference voltage temperature coefficients defined as the worst case voltage change divided by the total temperature range. Note 2: Unless otherwise specified all limits guaranteed for TJ = 25oC, VIN = 6V, IL = 100µA and CL = 1µF. Additional conditions for the 8-pin versions are feedback tied to 5V tap and output tied to output Sense (VOUT = 5V) and VSHUTDOWN ≤ 0.8V. Note 3: Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered under the specification for thermal regulation. Note 4: Line regulation for the CLM2951 is tested at 150oC for IL = 1mA. For IL = 100µA and TJ = 125oC, line regulation is guaranteed by design to 0.2%. See typical performance characteristics for line regulation versus temperature and load current. Note 5: Dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 100mV below its nominal value measured at 1V differential at very low values of programmed output voltage, the minimum input supply voltage of 2V (2.3V over temperature) must be taken input account. Note 6: VREF ≤ VOUT ≤ (VIN - 1V), 2.3 ≤ VIN ≤ 30V, 100µA ≤ IL ≤ 150mA, TJ ≤ TJMAX . Note 7: Output or reference voltage temperature coefficient is defined as the worst case voltage change divided by the total temprtature range. Note 8: Comparator thresholds are expressed in terms of a voltage differential at the feedback terminal below the nominal reference voltage measured at 6V input. To express these thresholds in terms of output voltage change, multiply by the error amplifier gain = VOUT /VREF = (R1+R2)/R2. For example, at a programmed output voltage of 5V, the error output is guaranteed to go low when the output drops by 95mV x 5V/1.235 = 384mV. Thresholds remain constant as a percent of VOUT as VOUT is varied, with the dropout warning occurring at typically 5% below nominal, 7.5% guaranteed. Note 9: VSHUTDOWN ≥ 2V, VIN ≤ 30V, VOUT = 0, Feedback pin tied to 5V Tap. Note 10: All typical values are not guaranteed.
- The stability of the CLM2950/CLM2951 requires a 1.0µF or greater capacitor between output and ground. Oscillation could occur without this capacitor. Most types of tantalum or aluminum electrolytic works fine here. For operations below -25 oC a solid tantalum is recommended since the many aluminum types have electrolytes that freeze at about -30oC. The ESR of about 5 Ω or less and resonant frequency about 500kHz are the most important parameters in the value of the capacitor. The capacitors value can be increased without limit.
- At lower values of output current, less output capacitance is required for stability. For currents below 10mA the value of the capacitor can be reduced to 0.5µF and 0.15µF for 1mA. More output capacitance is needed for the 8-pin version at voltages below 5V since it runs the error amplifier at lower gain.
- At worst case 5µF or greater must be used for the condition of 150mA load at 1.23V output.
- The CLM2950, unlike other low dropout regulators, will remain stable and in regulation with no load in addition to the internal voltage divider. The feature is especially important in applications like CMOS RAM keep-alive circuits. When setting the output voltage of the CLM2951 version with external resistors, a minimum load of 1µA is recommended.
- If there is more than 10 inches of wire between the input and the AC filter capacitor or if a battery is used as the input then a 1µA tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor should be placed from the input to the ground.
- Instability can occur if there is a stray capacitance to the CLM2951 feedback terminal (pin 7). This could cause more problems when using a higher value of external resistors to set the output voltage. This problem can be fixed by adding a 100pF capacitor between output and feedback and increasing the output capacitor to at least 3.3µF. ERROR DETECTION COMPARATOR OUTPUT The Comparator produces a logic low output whenever the CLM2951 output falls out of regulation by more than around 5%. This is around 60mV offset divided by the 1.235 reference voltage. This trip level remains 5% below normal regardless of the programmed output voltage of the regulator. Figure 1 shows the timing diagram depicting the ERROR signal and the regulator output voltage as the CLM2951 input is ramped up and down. The ERROR signal becomes low at around 1.3V input, and goes high around 5V input (input voltage at which V OUT = 4.75). Since the CLM2951’s dropout voltage is load dependent, the input voltage trip point (around 5V) will vary with the load current. The output voltage trip point (approx. 4.75V) does not vary with load. The error comparator has an open-collector output which requires an external pull-up resistor. Depending on the system requirements the resistor may be returned to 5V output or other supply voltage. In determining the value of this resistor, note that the output is rated to sink 400µA, this value adds to battery drain in a low battery condition. Suggested values range from 100K to 1MΩ . If the output is unused this resistor is not required. PROGRAMMING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF CLM2951 The CLM2951 may be pin-strapped for 5V using its internal voltage divider by tying Pin 1 (output) to Pin 2 (sense) and Pin 7 (feedback) to Pin 6 (5V Tap). Also, it may be programmed for any output voltage between its 1.235V reference and its 30V maximum rating. As seen in Figure 2, an external pair of resistors is required. Refer to the below equation for the programming of the output voltage: V OUT = VREF × (1 + R1\\R2) + IFB R 1 The V REF is 1.235 and IFB is the feedback bias current, nominally -20nA. The minimum recommended load current of 1µA forces an upper limit of 1.2MΩ on value of R2. If no load is presented the IFB produces an error of typically 2% in VOUT which may be eliminated at room temperature by trimming R1. To improve the accuracy choose the value of R2 = 100k this reduces the error by 0.17% and increases the resistor program current by 12µA. Since the CLM2951 typically draws 60µA at no load with Pin 2 open-circuited this is a small price to pay. REDUCING OUTPUT NOISE It may be an advantage to reduce the AC noise present at the output. One way is to reduce the regulator bandwidth by increasing the size of the output capacitor. This is the only way that noise can be reduced on CLM2950 but is relatively inefficient, as increasing the capacitor from 1µF to 220µF only decreases the noise from 430µV to 160µVrms for a 100kHz bandwidth at 5V output. Noise could also be reduced fourfold by a bypass capacitor across R 1, since it reduces the high frequency gain from 4 to unity. C BYPASS ≅ 1/2πR 1 × 200Hz or choose 0.01µF. When doing this, the output capacitor must be increased to 3.3µF to maintain stability. These changes reduce the output noise from 430µV to 100µVrms for a 100kHz bandwidth at 5V output. With the bypass capacitor added, noise no longer scales with output voltage so that improvements are more dramatic at higher voltages. CLM2950 / CLM2951 CORPORATION CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025
CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025 TEMPERATURE (˚C) 1.8 0.6 1.2 –75 150 1D-49 SHUTDOWN THRESHOLD VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.6 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 180 03 0 1E-01 RATED OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 51 0 2 5 2015 100 120 140 160 TA = 50˚C TA = 85˚C TA = 25˚C VOUT = 5V 8-PIN SOIC SOLDERED TO PC BOARD TJMAX = 125˚C INPUT VOLTAGE (V) –10 1D-50 LINE REGULATION OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) 30252015105 TJ = 150˚C TJ = 125˚C IL = 100µA IL = 1mA IL = 100µA TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS TIME (mS) 125 100µA 1E-02 LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE LOAD CURRENT 100mA OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) 86420 100 –25 –50 C L = 4.7µF VOUT = 5V TIME (µs) 1E-04 ENABLE TRANSIENT SHUTDOWN PIN VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) –100 7000 100 200 300 400 500 600 C L = 1.5µF VOUT = 5VC L = 10µF VIN = 8V IL = 10mA TIME (mS) 100µA 1E-03 LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE LOAD CURRENT 100mA OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (mV) 1612840 –20 –40 –60 C L = 15µF VOUT = 5V INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1E-05 ERROR COMPARATOR OUTPUT COMPARATOR OUTPUT (V) 06 12 5 43 VOUT = 5V NOTE: PULLUP RESISTOR TO SEPARATE 5V SUPPLY HYSTERESIS 400mV 800 1E-07 LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE INPUT VOLTAGE 0 200 400 600 200mV –50mV OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE = 5V C L = 4.7µF IL = 1mA VOUT 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.9 1E-06 COMPARATOR SINK CURRENT SINK CURRENT (mA) 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 TA = 125˚C TA = 25˚C TA = –55˚C
CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025 2.2 1.6 150 1E-08 MINIMUM OPERATING VOLTAGE –50 0 50 100 2.0 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.9 MINIMUM OPERATING VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (˚C) –25 25 75 125–75 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 160 1E-10 GROUND PIN CURRENT QUIESCENT CURRENT ( µA) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 100 120 140 IL = 1mA IL = 0 TEMPERATURE (˚C) 5.06 4.94 5.0 –75 150 1E-09 OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs TEMPERATURE OF 3 REPRESENTATIVE UNITS OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.96 4.98 5.02 5.04 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 0.2% FREQUENCY (Hz) 1E-11 OUTPUT IMPEDANCE OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (OHMS) 0.01 10 1M 100 1K 100K 10K 0.1 0.02 0.05 0.2 0.5 C L = 4.7µF IO = 100µA IO = 1mA I O = 100mA VOUT = 5V FREQUENCY (Hz) 1E-13 RIPPLE REJECTION RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 6105104103102101 IL = 1mA C L = 1.5µF VIN = 6V IL = 10mA VOUT = 5V FREQUENCY (Hz) 1E-12 RIPPLE REJECTION RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 6105104103102101 C L = 1.5µF IL = 0 IL = 100µA VOUT = 5V VIN = 6V FREQUENCY (Hz) 1E-14 RIPPLE REJECTION RIPPLE REJECTION (dB) 6105104103102101 C L = 1.5µF VIN = 6V VOUT = 5V IL = 50µA IL = 100mA TEMPERATURE (˚C) –75 150 1E-16 DIVIDER RESISTANCE PIN 2 TO PIN 4 RESISTANCE (kΩ ) –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 400 100 300 200 FREQUENCY (Hz) 3.5 0.0 1E-15 OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY ( µV/ Hz) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 5102 104103 IL = 100mA C L = 4.7µF C L = 3.3µF 0.01mF BYPASS PIN 1 TO PIN 7 C L = 220µF TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
1.2 TO 30V
*MINIMUM INPUT - OUTPUT VOLTAGE RANGES FROM 4mV TO 400mV. DEPENDING ON LOAD CURRENT. CURRENT LIMIT IS TYPICALLY 160mA. FIGURE 1. ERROR OUTPUT TIMING FIGURE 2. ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
100K Ω 1.5KΩ120K Ω 400K Ω 20K Ω FB IN457 SD VOUT +VIN FOR 5.5V LOW BATTERY DISCONNECT 1µF +VIN CLM2951 TAP 1E-24 SD GND VOUT ERROR 1µF +VOUT 39kΩ 100kΩ 100kΩ 100kΩ SENSE = 5V 39kΩ 100kΩ 1kΩ 1kΩ 10kΩ 20kΩ <6.2V <6.0V <5.8V** R 3 LEAD- ACID BATTERY REGULATOR WITH STATE-OF-CHARGE INDICATOR RESET *OPTIONAL LATCH OFF WHEN DROPOUT OCCURS. ADJUST R3 FOR C2 SWITCHING WHEN V IS 6.0V. **OUTPUTS GO LOW WHEN V DROPS BELOW DESIGNATED THRESHHOLDS. IN IN TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (continued) CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025
CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025 +VIN CLM2951 FB 1E-25 GND SYSTEM OVER TEMPERATURE PROTECTION CIRCUIT AUX SHUTDOWN INPUT +VIN AS35
5 DEGREE SHUTDOWN FLAG
(V+ GOES OFF WHEN TEMP > 125) OR TEMP SENSOR ERRORSD 10K Ω ON OFF RELAY 8.2KΩ TYPICAL APPLICATIONS (continued) CLM2951 1E-26 GND OPEN CIRCUIT DETECTOR FOR 4mA TO 20mA CURRENT LOOP FB 2 4 20mA IN4001 360K Ω 0.1µF IN457 OUTPUT 4.7mA +5v MIN VOLTAGE = 4V +VIN VOUT CLM2951 4.7µF LOAD 50mA TO 300mA OUTPUT SENSE GND UNREGULATED INPUT 300mA REGULATOR WITH 0.75 DROPOUT 2N5432 27K Ω 330K Ω IN 1E-27 V TAP FB VOUT CLM2950 / CLM2951 CORPORATION
2.8 k Ω R23 60kΩ R21 8Ω R24 50kΩ R16 30kΩ R15 100k Ω R17 10Ω R13 100 kΩ R14 350 kΩ R22 150kΩ R17 12kΩ R28 60kΩ R27 182k Ω R18 20kΩ R26 60k Ω 50kΩ 10kΩ 50kΩ 13kΩ R30 30kΩ 180 kΩ 140 kΩ 27.8kΩ 50kΩ 20kΩ R8 31.4kΩ R10 150 kΩ R12 110 kΩ R11 k Ω R11 20.6 kΩ Q30 Q31 Q19Q18 Q29 Q28 Q22 Q21 Q20 Q34 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q13 Q12 Q3 Q4 Q7 Q15A Q15B Q16 Q17 Q14 Q25 Q24 Q23 Q11 Q38 Q37 Q36 Q39 Q26 20pF 40pF 1E-28 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM CLM2950 / CLM2951 CORPORATION Information furnished by Calogic is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use: nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent rights of Calogic. CALOGIC CORPORATION , 237 Whitney Place, Fremont, California 94539, Telephone: 510-656-2900, FAX: 510-651-3025