ZXLD1350

ZXLD1350

Document overview

• Manufacturer or author: Diodes Incorporated
• PDF pages: 22

Technical content

Features

• Simple low parts count
• Internal 30V NDMOS switch
• Internal PWM filter
• High efficiency (up to 95% (Note 1)
• Wide input voltage range: 7V to 30V
• 40V transient capability
• Up to 1MHz switching frequency
• Typical 4% output current accuracy
• Qualified to AEC-Q100 Grade 2
• Available in “Green” Molding Compound (No Br, Sb)
• Lead Free Finish/ RoHS Compliant (Note 2) Typical Application Circuit SETVIN LX GND ADJ ZXLD1350 RS 0.33Ω 47µH 1µF GND VIN 7~30V Notes: 1. Using standard external components as specified under electrical characteristics. Efficiency is dependent upon the number of LEDs driven and on external component types and values. 2. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) . All applicable RoHS exemptions applied. Please visit our website at: http://www.diodes.com/products/lead_free.html ISENSE VIN ADJ GND LX TSOT23-5 Top View

Figure 1. Block diagram – Pin Connection

• Leave floating for normal operation.(VADJ= VREF =1.25V giving nominal average output current IOUTnom=0.1/RS)
• Drive to voltage below 0.2V to turn off output current
• Drive with DC voltage (0.3V<VADJ<2.5V) to adjust output current from 25% to 200%(†) of IOUTnom
• Drive with PWM signal from open-collector or open-drain transistor, to adjust output current. Adjustment range 25% to 100% of IOUTnom for f>10kHz and 1% to 100% of IOUTnom for f<500Hz
• Connect a capacitor from this pin to ground to increase soft-start time. (Default soft-start time=0.5ms. Additional soft-start time is approx.0.5ms/nF) ISENSE 4 Connect resistor RS from this to VIN to define nominal average output current IOUTnom=0.1/RS (Note: RSMIN=0.27V with ADJ pin open circuit) VIN 5 Input voltage (7V to 30V). Decouple to ground with 1µF of higher X7R ceramic capacitor close to device MN VIN Comparator GND LXVIN ISENSE Current sense circuit VIN ADJ RS 5VVoltage regulator Shutdown circuit Vref 200k 1.25V 4KHz

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 3 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Absolute Maximum Ratings (Voltages to GND Unless Otherwise Stated) Symbol Parameter Rating Unit VIN Input Voltage -0.3 to +30 (40V for 0.5 sec) V VSENSE I SENSE Voltage +0.3 to -5 (measured with respect to VIN) V VLX LX Output Voltage -0.3 to +30 (40V for 0.5 sec) V VADJ Adjust Pin Input Voltage -0.3 to +6 V ILX Switch Output Current 500 mA PTOT Power Dissipation (Refer to Package thermal de-rating curve on page 19) 450 mW TST Storage Temperature -55 to 150 °C TJ MAX Junction Temperature 150 °C These are stress ratings only. Operation above the absolute maximum rating may cause device failure. Operation at the absolute maximum ratings, for extended periods, may reduce device reliability. Thermal Resistance Symbol Parameter Rating Unit θJA Junction to Ambient 200 °C/W Recommended Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter Min Typ. Max Units VIN Input voltage 7 30 V tOFFMIN Minimum switch off-time 800 ns tONMIN Minimum switch on-time 800 ns DLX Duty cycle range 0.01 0.99 TA Ambient operating temperature range -40 +105 °C ILX_CONT Average/RMS LX switch current 0.37 A fLXmax Recommended maximum operating frequency 1 MHz TPD Internal comparator propagation delay 50 ns

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 4 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Electrical Characteristics (Test conditions: VIN = 12V, Tamb = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.) (Note 3) Symbol Parameter Condition Min. Typ. Max. Unit VSU Internal regulator start-up threshold VIN rising 4.8 V IINQoff Quiescent supply current with output off ADJ pin grounded 15 20 µA IINQon Quiescent supply current with output switching ADJ pin floating f = 250kHz 250 500 µA VSENSE Mean current sense threshold voltage (Defines LED current setting accuracy) Measured on I SENSE pin with respect to VIN VADJ = 1.25V 95 100 105 mV VSENSEHYS Sense threshold hysteresis ±15 % ISENSE I SENSE pin input current VSENSE = VIN -0.1 1.25 10 µA VREF Internal reference voltage Measured on ADJ pin with pin floating 1.21 1.25 1.29 V DVREF/DT Temperature coefficient of V REF 50 ppm/° C VADJ External control voltage range on ADJ pin for DC brightness control (Note 4) 0.3 2.5 V VADJoff DC voltage on ADJ pin to switch device from active (on) state to quiescent (off) state V ADJ falling 0.15 0.2 0.25 V VADJon DC voltage on ADJ pin to switch device from quiescent (off) state to active (on) state V ADJ rising 0.2 0.25 0.3 V RADJ Resistance between ADJ pin and V REF 135 250 k Ω ILXmean Continuous LX switch current 0.37 A RLX LX switch ‘On’ resistance 1.5 2 Ω ILX(leak) LX switch leakage current 1 µA DPWM(LF) Duty cycle range of PWM signal applied to ADJ pin during low frequency PWM dimming mode PWM frequency <500Hz PWM amplitude = V REF Measured on ADJ pin 0.01 1 Brightness control range 100:1 DPWM(HF) Duty cycle range of PWM signal applied to ADJ pin during high frequency PWM dimming mode PWM frequency <10kHz PWM amplitude = VREF Measured on ADJ pin 0.16 1 Brightness control range 5:1 fLX Operating frequency (See graphs for more details) ADJ pin floating L = 100H (0.82V) IOUT = 350ma @ VLED = 3.4V Driving 1 LED 250 kHz tSS Start up time (See graphs for more details) Time taken for output current to reach 90% of final value after voltage on ADJ pin has risen above 0.3V. 500 µs Notes: 3. Production testing of the devic e is performed at 25°C. Functional operation of the device and parameters specified ov er a -40°C to +105°C temperature range, are guaranteed by design, characterization and process control. 4. 100% brightness corresponds to V ADJ = VADJ(nom) = VREF. Driving the ADJ pin above VREF will increase the VSENSE threshold and output current proportionally.

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 5 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Device Description The device, in conjunction with the coil (L1) and current sense resistor (RS), forms a self-oscillating continuous-mode buck converter. Device operation (Refer to block diagram and Figure 1 - Operating waveforms) Operation can be best understood by assuming that the ADJ pin of the device is unc onnected and the voltage on this pin ADJ) appears directly at the (+) input of the comparator. When input voltage V IN is first applied, the initial current in L1 and RS is zero and there is no output from the current sense circuit. Under this condition, the (-) input to the comparator is at ground and its out put is high. This turns MN on and switch es the LX pin low, causing current to flow from V IN to ground, via RS, L1 and the LED(s). The current rises at a rate determined by VIN and L1 to produce a voltage ramp (V SENSE) across RS. The supply referred voltage V SENSE is forced across internal resistor R1 by the current sense circuit and produces a proportional current in internal resistors R2 and R3. This produces a ground referred rising voltage at the (-) input of the co mparator. When this reache s the threshold voltage (V ADJ), the comparator output switches low and MN turns off. The comparator output also drives another NMOS switch, which bypasses internal resistor R3 to provide a controlled amount of hysteresis. The hysteresis is set by R3 to be nominally 15% of VADJ. When MN is off, the current in L1 continues to flow via D1 and the LED(s) back to V IN. The current decays at a rate determined by the LED and diode forward voltages to produce a falling voltage at the input of the comparator. When this voltage returns to V ADJ, the comparator output switches high again. This cycle of events repeats, with the comparator input ramping between limits of VADJ ± 15%. Switching thresholds With VADJ =VREF, the ratios of R1, R2 and R3, define an average V SENSE switching threshold of 100mV (measured on the ISENSE pin with respect to VIN). The average output current IOUTnom is then defined by this voltage and Rs according to: I OUTnom=100mV/RS Nominal ripple current is ±15mV/R S Adjusting output current The device contains a low pass filter between the ADJ pin and th e threshold comparator and an internal current limiting resistor (200k nom) between ADJ and the internal reference voltage. This allows the ADJ pin to be overdriven with either DC or pulse signals to change the V SENSE switching threshold and adjust the out put current. The filter is third order, comprising three sections, each with a cut-off frequency of nominally 4kHz. Details of the different modes of adjusting output current are given in the applications section. Output shutdown The output of the low pass filter drives the shutdown circuit. W hen the input voltage to this circuit falls below the threshold (0.2V nom), the internal regulator and the output switch ar e turned off. The voltage reference remains powered during shutdown to provide the bias current fo r the shutdown circuit. Quiescent supply current during shutdown is nominally 15mA and switch leakage is below 1mA.

Figure 1. Theoretical Operating Waveforms

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 7 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Device Description (Continued) Typical Operating Waveforms [VIN = 12V, RS = 0.3V, L = 100 μH] Normal operation. Output current (Ch3) and LX voltage (Ch1) Start-up waveforms. Output current (Ch3), LX voltage (Ch1) and V ADJ (Ch2)

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 8 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Typical Operating Conditions

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 9 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Typical Characteristics (Continued)

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 10 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Typical Characteristics (Continued)

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 11 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Typical Characteristics (Continued)

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Application Information

Setting nominal average output current with external resistor RS The nominal average output current in the LED(s) is determi ned by the value of the external current sense resistor (R S) connected between VIN and ISENSE and is given by: IOUTnom = 0.1/RS [for RS > 0.27Ω] The table below gives values of nominal average output current for several preferred values of current setting resistor (R S) in the typical application circuit shown on page 1: RS(Ω) Nominal average output current (mA) 0.27 370 0.30 333 0.33 300 0.39 256 The above values assume that the ADJ pin is floating and at a nominal voltage of V REF (=1.25V). Note that RS = 0.27V is the minimum allowed value of sense resistor under these conditions to maintain switch current below the specified maximum value. It is possible to use different values of RS if the ADJ pin is driven from an external voltage. (See next section). Output current adjustment by external DC control voltage The ADJ pin can be driven by an external dc voltage (V ADJ), as shown, to adjust the output current to a value above or below the nominal average value defined by RS. The nominal average output current in this case is given by: IOUTdc = 0.08*VADJ /RS for 0.3 < VADJ < 2.5V Note that 100% brightness setting corresponds to V ADJ = V REF. When driving the ADJ pin above 1.25V, R S must be increased in proportion to prevent IOUTdc exceeding 370mA maximum. The input impedance of the ADJ pin is 200kΩ ±25%. GND ZXLD1350ADJ DC GND

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 13 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Application Information (Continued) Output Current Adjustment by PWM Control Directly driving ADJ input A Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal with duty cycle D PWM can be applied to the ADJ pin, as shown below, to adjust the output current to a value above or below the nominal average value set by resistor RS: Driving the ADJ input via open collector transistor The recommended method of driving the ADJ pin and controlling the amplitude of the PWM waveform is to use a small NPN switching transistor as shown below: This scheme uses the 200k resistor between the ADJ pin and th e internal voltage reference as a pull-up resistor for the external transistor. Driving the ADJ input from a microcontroller Another possibility is to drive the device from the open drai n output of a microcontroller. The diagram below shows one method of doing this: The diode and resistor suppress possible high amplitude negative spikes on the ADJ input resulting from the drain-source capacitance of the FET. Negative spikes at the input to the device should be avoi ded as they may cause errors in output current, or erratic device operation. PWM dimming can be further split into high frequency and low frequency PWM dimming and how the device responds to these. VADJ GND ADJ ZXLD1350 GND PWM ADJ ZXLD1350 GND GND PWM ZXLD1350 GND ADJ 10kMCU

frequency PWM operating waveforms). Figure 2. Low frequency PWM operating waveforms (approx. 100:1) and higher efficiency at the expense of greater output ripple. the filter. To minimize this error, the PWM duty cycle should be as low as possible consistent with avoiding flicker in the LED.

avoid injecting excessive noise into the internal reference. Figure 3. High Frequency PWM operating waveforms This mode will give minimum output ripple and reduced radi ated emission, but with a reduc ed dimming range (approx.5:1). fall to a low standby level of 15μA nominal. 100% nominal average value. (See graphs for details).

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 16 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Application Information (Continued) Soft-start The device has inbuilt soft-start action due to the delay through the PWM filter. An external capacitor from the ADJ pin to ground will provide additional soft-start delay, by increasing the ti me taken for the voltage on th is pin to rise to the turn-o n threshold and by slowing down the rate of rise of the contro l voltage at the input of the comparator. With no external capacitor, the time taken for the output to reach 90% of its final value is approximately 500 μs. Adding capacitance increases this delay by approximately 0.5ms/nF. The graph below shows the variation of soft-start time for different values of capacitor. Inherent open-circuit LED protection If the connection to the LED(s) is open-circuited, the coil is is olated from the LX pin of the chip, so the device will not be damaged, unlike in many boost converters, where the back EMF may damage the internal switch by forcing the drain above its breakdown voltage. Capacitor selection A low ESR capacitor should be used for input decoupling, as the ESR of this capacitor appears in series with the supply source impedance and lowers overall efficiency. This capacitor has to supply the relatively high peak current to the coil and smooth the current ripple on the input supply. A minimum value of 1μF is acceptable if the input source is close to the device, but higher values will improve performance at lower input voltag es, especially when the source impedance is high. The input capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the IC. For maximum stability over temperature a nd voltage, capacitors with X7R, X5R, or better dielectric are recommended. Capacitors with Y5V dielectric are not suitable for decoupling in this application and should NOT be used. A table of recommended manufacturers is provided below: Manufacturer Website Murata www.murata.com Taiyo Yuden www.t-yuden.com Kemet www.kemet.com AVX www.avxcorp.com

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 17 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Application Information (Continued) Inductor Selection Recommended inductor values for the ZXLD1350 are in the range 47µH to 220µH. Higher values of inductance are recommended at higher supply volt ages in order to minimize errors due to switching delays, which result in increased ripple and lower efficiency. Higher va lues of inductance also result in a smaller change in output current over the supply voltage range. (See graphs). The inductor should be mounted as close to the device as possible with low resistance connections to the LX and VIN pins. The chosen coil should have a saturation current higher than the peak output current and a continuous current rating above the required mean output current. Suitable coils for use with the ZXLD1350 are listed in the table below: Part No. L (µH) DCR (V) ISAT (A) Manufacturer DO1608C 47 0.64 0.5 CoilCraft MSS6132ML 47 0.38 0.56 68 0.58 0.47 100 0.82 0.39 CD104-MC 220 0.55 0.53 Sumida NP04SB470M 47 0.27 0.38 Taiyo Yuden The inductor value should be chosen to maintain operating duty cycle and switch 'on'/'off' times within the specified limits ov er the supply voltage and load current range. The following equations can be used as a guide, with reference to Figure 1 - Operating waveforms. LX Switch 'On' time () LX L S avgLEDIN ON R r R I V V I Lt + + × − − Note: tONnmin > 200ns LX Switch 'Off' time () L S avg D LED OFF r R I V V I Lt + × + + Note: tOFFmin > 200ns Where: L is the coil inductance (H) rL is the coil resistance (Ω) Iavg is the required LED current (A) ΔI is the coil peak-peak ripple current (A) {Internally set to 0.3 x Iavg} VIN is the supply voltage (V) VLED is the total LED forward voltage (V) RLX is the switch resistance (Ω) VD is the rectifier diode forward voltage at the required load current (V)

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 18 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Application Information (Continued) Example: For VIN =12V, L=47µH, rL=0.64V, VLED=3.4V, Iavg =350mA and VD =0.36V t This gives an operating frequency of 546kHz and a duty cycle of 0.34. These and other equations are available as a spreadsheet calculator from the Diodes website. Note that in practice, the duty cycle and operating frequency will deviate from the calculated values due to dynamic switching delays, switch rise/fall times and losses in the external components. Optimum performance will be achieved by setting the duty cycle close to 0.5 at the nominal supply voltage. This helps to equalize the undershoot and overshoot and improves temperature stability of the output current. Diode Selection For maximum efficiency and performance, the rectifier (D1) should be a fast low capacitance Schottky diode with low reverse leakage at the maximum operating voltage and temperature. The recommended diode for use with this part is the ZLLS1000. This has approximately ten times lower leakage than standard Schottky diodes, which are unsuitable for use above 85°C. It also provides better efficiency than silicon diodes, due to a combination of lower forward voltage and reduced recovery time. The table below gives the typical characteristics for the ZLLS1000: Diode Forward Voltage @ 100mA (mV) Continuous Current (mA) Reverse Leakage @ 30V 85°C (mA) Package ZLLS1000 310 1000 300 TSOT23 If alternative diodes are used, it is important to select parts with a peak current rating above the peak coil current and a continuous current rating higher than the maximum output load current. It is very important to consider the reverse leakage of the diode when operating above 85°C. Excess leakage will increase the power dissipation in the device. The higher forward voltage and overshoot due to reverse recovery time in silicon diodes will increase the peak voltage on the LX output. If a silicon diode is used, care should be taken to ensure that the total voltage ap pearing on the LX pin including supply ripple, does not exceed the specified maximum value. Reducing Output Ripple Peak to peak ripple current in the LED(s) can be reduced, if required, by shunting a capacitor Cled across the LED(s) as shown below: ZXLD1350 LED Cled LXISENS E RSVIN VIN

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 19 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Application Information (Continued) A value of 1μF will reduce nominal ripple current by a factor three (approx.). Proportionally lower ripple can be achieved with higher capacitor values. Note that the capacitor will not affect operating frequency or efficiency, but it will increase start- up delay, by reducing the rate of rise of LED voltage. Operation at low supply voltage The internal regulator disables the drive to the switch until the supply has risen above the start-up threshold (VSU). Above this threshold, the device will start to operate. However, with the supply voltage below the specified minimum value, the switch duty cycle will be high and the device power dissipation will be at a maximum. Care should be taken to avoid operating the device under such conditions in the application, in order to minimize the risk of exceeding the maximum allowed die temperature. (See next section on thermal considerations). Note that when driving loads of two or more LEDs, the forward drop will normally be sufficient to prevent the device from switching below approximately 6V. This will minimize the risk of damage to the device. Thermal considerations When operating the device at high ambient temperatures, or when driving maximum load current, care must be taken to avoid exceeding the package power dissipation limits. The graph below gives details for power derating. This assumes the device to be mounted on a (25mm) 2 PCB with 1oz copper standing in still air. Note that the device power dissipation will most often be a maximum at minimum supply voltage. It will also increase if the efficiency of the circuit is low. This may result from the use of unsuitable coils, or excessive parasitic output capacitance o n the switch output. Thermal compensation of output current High luminance LEDs oft en need to be supplied with a tem perature compensated cu rrent in order to maintain stable and reliable operation at all drive levels. The LEDs are usually mounted remotely from the device, so for this reason, the temperature coefficients of the internal circuits for the ZXLD1350 have been optimized to minimize the change in output current when no compensation is employed. If output current compensation is required, it is possible to use an external temperature sensing network - normally using Negative Temper ature Coefficient (NTC) thermistors and/or diodes, mounted very close to the LED(s). The output of the sensing network can be used to drive the ADJ pin in order to reduce output current with increasing temperature.

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 20 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated Application Information (Continued) Layout considerations LX pin The LX pin of the device is a fast switching node, so PCB tracks should be kept as short as possible. To minimize ground 'bounce', the ground pin of the device should be soldered directly to the ground plane. Coil and decoupling capacitors It is particularly important to mount the coil and the input decoupling capacitor close to the device to minimize parasitic resistance and inductance, which will degrade efficiency. It is also important to take account of any track resistance in serie s with current sense resistor RS. ADJ pin The ADJ pin is a high impedance input, so when left floating, PCB tracks to this pin should be as short as possible to reduce noise pickup. A 100nF capacitor from the ADJ pin to ground will reduce frequency modulation of the output under these conditions. An additional series 10kΩ resistor can also be used when driving the ADJ pin from an external circuit (see below). This resistor will provide filtering for low frequency noise and provide protection against high voltage transients. ZXLD1350 GND ADJ 100nF GND 10k High voltage tracks Avoid running any high voltage tracks close to the ADJ pin, to reduce the risk of leakage due to board contamination. Any such leakage may raise the ADJ pin voltage and cause excessive output current. A ground ring placed around the ADJ pin will minimize changes in output current under these conditions.

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Ordering Information

(Note 5) Reel size (mm) Reel width (mm) Quantity per reel Part Number Suffix AEC-Q100 Level ZXLD1350ET5TA 1350 ET5 TSOT23-5 180 8 3000 TA Grade 2 Note: 5. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad la yout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes .com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf. Package Outline Dimensions TSOT23-5 TSOT23-5 Dim Min Max Typ A − 1.00 − A1 0.01 0.10 − A2 0.84 0.90 − D − − 2.90 E − − 2.80 E1 − − 1.60 b 0.30 0.45 − c 0.12 0.20 − e − − 0.95 e1 − − 1.90 L 0.30 0.50 L2 − − 0.25 θ 0° 8° 4° θ1 4° 12° − All Dimensions in mm c L E1 E D e 5x b θ 4x 1 θ A

30V 350mA LED DRIVER with AEC-Q100 ZXLD1350 Document number: DS33468 Rev. 8 - 2 22 of 22 www.diodes.com March 2011 © Diodes Incorporated A Product Line of Diodes Incorporated IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). Diodes Incorporated and its subsidiaries rese rve the right to make modifications, enhanc ements, improvements, corrections or ot her changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. Diodes Incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described her ein; neither does Diodes Incorporated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. Any Customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applica tions shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold Diodes In corporated and all the companies whose products are represented on Diodes Incorporated website, harmless against all damages. Diodes Incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability what soever in respect of any products purchased through unauthoriz ed sales channel. Should Customers purchase or use Diodes In corporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall i ndemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless a gainst all claims, damages, expens es, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign trademarks. LIFE SUPPORT Diodes Incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the Chief Executive Officer of Diodes Incorporated. As used herein: A. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when prop erly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to re sult in significant injury to the user. B. A critical component is any component in a life support dev ice or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expect ed to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support dev ices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-cri tical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devic es- or systems- related information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its representatives against any damages aris ing out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life su pport devices or systems. Copyright © 2011, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com