ZXBM1016 ZETEX | Alldatasheet
Document overview
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Technical content
Features
- Compliant with exter nal PWM speed control Compliant with thermistor control Minimum speed setting High efficiency utilizing tail-end current control L o w n o i s e A u t o r e s t a r t Built in Hall amplifier Hall bias Speed pulse (FG) output Integrated current control Up to 18V input voltage ( 60V with external regulator) Small TSSOP20 package
Applications
Mainframe and personal computer fans and blowers Instrumentation fans Central heating blowers Automotive climate controlApplications circuit Device Reel size (inches) Tape width (mm) Quantity per reel ZXBM1016ST20TA 7 (180mm) 16 1000 ZXBM1016ST20TC 13 (330mm) 16 2,500 ZXBM1016 VCC CPWM CLCK SPD C3C2 1μF 100pF 0.47μF FG 0.1μF ThRef SMIN Ph1Lo Ph2Lo Gnd CINT Q1-4 470Ω 470Ω ZXMC 3A17DN8 FG Ph1Hi Ph2Hi R4R6 100Ω 100Ω 1kΩ 1kΩ 2.2μF 12V 1N4148 1N4004 SetTh Sense CONTROL R18 10kΩ R15 R13 R12 R14 R17 R16 1kΩ 4.7kΩ 4.7kΩ 4.7kΩ 1kΩ 47kΩ R10 16kΩ 12kΩ Hall 470Ω 33kΩ Rsense 0.1Ω 5 & 6 5 & 6 7 & 8 7 & 8 2 2 Range H-Bias 0.47μF SetThRef R11 220kΩ TSSOP20
Issue 1 - February 2007 2 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 Absolute maximum ratings Electrical characteristics (at Tamb = 25°C and VCC = 12V unless otherwise stated) Parameter Symbol Limits Unit Supply voltage V CCmax -0.6 to 20 V Input current I CCmax 200 mA Maximum input voltage V Imax -0.6 to VCC+0.5 V Maximum output voltage V Omax -0.6 to VCC+0.5 V Power dissipation P Dmax 800 mW Operating temperature T OPR -40 to 85 °C Storage temperature T STG -55 to 125 °C Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions Supply Supply voltage V CC 6.7 18 V For valid ThRef Supply current I CC 15 20 mA VCC = 12V, no load (*) Hall connections Hall amp input voltage V IN 40 mV diff p-p Hall amp common mode voltage VCM 0.5 V CC-1.5 V Hall amp input hysteresis V OFS 12 mV Hall amp input current I BS 700 1000 nA Hall bias voltage V HB 1.5 1.75 1.95 V I HBout = -5mA Hall bias output current I HB -10 mA Reference voltage ThRef voltage V ThRef 4.75 5.0 5.25 V I OThRef =-10mA ThRef output current I OThRef -10 mA PWM oscillator CPWM charge current I PWMC -5.3 -7 -9.2 /H9262A CPWM discharge current I PWMD 50 75 100 /H9262A CPWM high threshold voltage V THH 3V CPWM low threshold voltage V THL 1 V PWM frequency F PWM 25 kHz C PWM = 0.1nF Speed control SPD voltage minimum V SPDL 1 V 100% PWM drive SPD voltage maximum V SPDH 3 V 0% PWM drive SPD input current I ISPD 0.8 2 /H9262AV IN = 2V Minimum speed setting SMIN input current I ISMIN -0.25 -0.5 /H9262AV IN = 2V
Issue 1 - February 2007 3 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 Parameter Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Conditions Tail-end current control Range pin input current setting range I Range 4 5 0 /H9262A Range pin input voltage V IN 0.50 0.65 0.75 V Input current = 20 /H9262A CLCK charge current - lock I LCKCL -0.75 -1.42 -1.8 /H9262A Lock mode, VCLCK = 2.5V CLCK charge current - run I LCKCR -(4xIRange) /H9262A Run mode CLCK discharge current - lock I LCKDL 0.8 0.8 1.25 /H9262A Lock mode, VCLCK = 2.5V CLCK high threshold voltage V THH 5V CLCK low threshold voltage V THL 1 V Lock mode CINT input current - lock I INTCL -50 300n nA Lock mode, VCLCK = 2.5V CINT charge current - run I INTCR -1 mA Run mode CINT discharge current - run I INTDR 0.8xIRange /H9262A Run mode Current limit SetThRef output voltage VSetThRef ThRef- 0.5V ThRef- 0.25V VI SetThRef =200/H9262A SetThRef output current I SetThRef -200 /H9262A Sense input current I Sense -20 -100 nA V IN=1V, SetTh=2V SetTh input current I SetTh -20 -100 nA V IN=2V, sense=1V Output drives Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo output high voltage VOH VCC–2.2 VCC–1.8 V I OH =80mA Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo output low voltage VOLA 0.4 0.6 V IOL =16mA (†) Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo output low voltage VOLB 0.4 0.6 V IOL =50/H9262A (‡) Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo output source current IOH -80 mA Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo output sink current IOL 80 mA Ph1Hi, Ph2Hi output low voltage VOLA 0.5 0.75 V I OL =100mA Ph1Hi, Ph2Hi output sink current IOL 100 mA Ph1Hi, Ph2Hi off output leakage current IOFF ±100 nA Output flag FG output current I OL 16 mA FG low level output voltage V OL 0.5 V I OL = 16mA NOTES: (*) Measured with pins H+, H-, CLCK and CPWM = 0V and all other signal pins open circuit. (†) Measured when opposing phase output is low. (‡) Measured when opposing phase output is high.
Issue 1 - February 2007 4 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 Block diagram Pin assignments Speed & Lock DetectHall FG CLCK CPWM SPD Hall Amp PWM Osc Locked Rotor Detect Phase Drive & Control Gnd Vcc Set Min Speed Vref SMIN ThRef Ph2 Lo Ph1 Lo Ph2 Hi Ph1 Hi Vcc Vcc Phase Drive Current Monitor SetTh Sense Control Voltage VSPD Vcc Vcc Hall Bias H-Bias Speed Detect CINT Start-up Tail-end Control SetThRef Range SetThRef SPD Gnd Ph1Lo Ph2Lo CPWM CLCK FG ZXBM1016 TSSOP20 Range ThRef SMIN Ph1Hi Ph2Hi Sense SetTh H-Bias CINT Vcc
Issue 1 - February 2007 5 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 Pin description table Operational functional description Overview The ZXBM1016 is a high efficiency, low noise, single-phase DC brushless motor pre-driver. It uses voltage speed control and this voltage can be derived from either a PWM or thermistor source. The device contains proprietary circuitry to control and limit the current at the end of a commutation cycle. This tail-end current control (TECC) enables the use of lower rated components thus providing for a more economic and higher efficiency solution. The pre-driver also has the usual minimum speed setting and maximum current control functions. Pin Type Description V CC Power The positive supply pin Gnd Power The negative supply pin ThRef Reference A 5 volt reference for external networks H-Bias Reference A nominal 1.75V reference us ed as the supply for naked Hall sensors H+ Input Hall device positive input. When high in relation to H- Ph2 is active H- Input Hall device negative input SPD Input Speed control input voltage, typically from a PWM integrator or thermistor. When low in relation to C PWM the phase low outputs will be turned on SMIN Input Used to set a voltage that represents the minimum speed the motor is to run at CPWM Input A capacitor on this pin is used to set the PWM frequency CLCK Input A dual use pin used to set the lock and tail-end current control timing. This will typically be a 470nF capacitor Range Input A resistor is attached between this pin and ThRef to set the device’s dynamic operating range to the motor’s desired speed range CINT Input A capacitor is attached to this pin for use by the tail-end current control. This will normally be the same value as that on the CLCK Pin FG Output Open collector buffered output from the Hall sensor SetTh Input Used to set the threshold voltage that represents the maximum current to be taken by the motor Sense Input Input for the signal from a sense resistor in the ground return of the H-bridge driving circuit used to represent the current taken by the motor SetThRef Analogue A variable voltage source used to set the voltage on the SetTh pin Ph1Hi Output Phase 1 high power output to high-side of H-bridge Ph2Hi Output Phase 2 high power output to high-side of H-bridge Ph1Lo Output Phase 1 high power output to low-side of H-bridge Ph2Lo Output Phase 2 high power output to low-side of H-bridge
Issue 1 - February 2007 6 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 Control input The device is controlled from a voltage applied to the SPD pin input. This control voltage can be derived from an externally generated PWM signal. This signal is converted to a voltage in a conventional integrator external to the device. Alternatively an external thermistor network can be used to generate the voltage. Tail-end current control To minimize the current at the end of a commutation cycle, the tail current, a proprietary circuit technique is provided. A number of pins are used to give control over the function. The current is controlled using the internal PWM function and th is acts together with the PWM speed control, the current control and the start-up function. Start-up function The device has a controlled start function prior to the device going into the tail-end current control mode. This allows the motor to start up at its minimum speed before being allowed to accelerate to the speed defined by the voltage on the SPD pin. Device protection Two levels of protection are provided for fault conditions. The first leve l of protection is the conventional lock function. If the motor is stoppe d or stalled for any reason the motor will enter the locked rotor condition. In this locked rotor condition the motor speed is set to minimum speed and the ZXBM1016 will attempt to restart the motor at periodic intervals. A second level of protection is provided by a current monitor function. An external 100m/H9024 sense resistor is used to detect the current and this is compared with a preset voltage on the SetTh pin. If the current attempts to rise above the threshold voltage the internal PWM circuit will back-off the power being delivered to the coil to ensure the maximum is not exceeded. Pin functional description H+ - Positive Hall input H- - Negative Hall input The rotor position is detected by a Hall sensor, with the output applied to the H+ and H- pins. This sensor can be either a 4 pin 'naked' Hall device or of the 3 pin buffered switching type. For a 4 pin device the differential Hall output signal is co nnected to the H+ and H- pins. For a single-ended buffered Hall sensor the Hall device output is at tached to the H+ pin, with a pull-up attached if needed. The H- pin has an external potential divider attached to hold the pin at a voltage that is half of the output swing of the Hall sensor. When H+ is high in relation to H-, Ph2 is the active drive. H-Bias - Hall bias output voltage This is a 1.75V nominal voltage source used to bias a differential unbuf fered Hall sensor when that type is being utilized. ThRef - External network reference This is a reference voltage of nominal 5V and is used by external networks to set up the SPD and S MIN pins control voltages. It is designed for the ability to 'source' current and therefore it will not 'sink' any current from a higher voltage. The total current drawn from th e pin by the minimum speed potential divider network and any other voltage setting network should not exceed 10mA.
Issue 1 - February 2007 7 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 SPD - Speed control input The voltage applied to the SPD pin provides control over the fan motor speed by varying the Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) drive ratio at the Ph1Lo and Ph2Lo outputs. The input voltage range for the control signal is 3V to 1V, representing 0% to 100% drive respectively. If variable speed control is not required this pin ca n be left with an external potential divider to set a fixed speed or tied through a 10k /H9024 resistor to ground to provide full speed i.e. 100% PWM drive. The advantage of a fixed potential divider is that the benefit of the current limit and tail-end current control can be achieved. Neither function will operate with the pin tied directly to ground. If full speed with current limit and tail-end curr ent control is required then connect the SPD pin ground through a 10k /H9024 resistor with a 0.1 /H9262F capacitor in parallel. This capacitor is used for the tail-end current control shaping. If required this pin can also be used as an enable pin. The application of a voltage >3.0V will force the PWM drive fully off, in effect disabling the drive. S MIN - Minimum speed threshold voltage A voltage can be set on this pin using a potential divider between the ThRef and Gnd. This voltage is monitored by the SPD pin such that the SPD voltage cannot rise above the S MIN voltage. As a higher voltage on the SPD pin represents a lower speed it therefore restricts the lower speed range of the motor. If this feature is not required the pin is left tied to ThRef so no minimum speed will be set. If the fan is being controlled from an external voltage source and the minimum speed feature is required then a 10k/H9024 resistor should be placed in series with the external control voltage and the SPD pin. C LCK - Locked rotor and run mode timing capacitor The CLCK pin will have a capacitor connected to ground. It is a dual function pin providing timing whilst running and when in the lock condition. When a motor is running under normal conditions this pin provides a triangular waveform related to the speed of the motor. This waveform is used by the tail-end current control circuit to determine the end of the commutation cycle. If the fan stops rotating for any reason then this pin takes on the conventional operation of a Locked Rotor monitor. In this condition and after the motor ha s stopped, a predetermined time OFF) will elapse during which the motor will not be driven. After this delay the circuitry uses a defined period (TON) to attempt to re-enable the output drive by going through a start-up routine in an attempt to re-start the fan. This cycle of (TOFF) and (TON) will be repeated indefinitely or until the fan re-starts. The cycle of (TOFF) and (TON) is also used to start the fan fr om power-up and so this pin forms a start-up function in conjunction with the current monitor circuit described towards the end of this section. The time period of (T OFF) and (TON) is determined by the value of capacitor applied to the C LCK pin. Any selection of the value will need consideration when in the run and lock modes. Typically a 0.47/H9262F will provide for most applications.
Issue 1 - February 2007 8 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 CINT - Integrator timing capacitor A capacitor is connected from this pin to ground. It is used to store a signal that is proportional to the commutation period. The stored signal is a representation of the motor speed and is used by the tail-end control circuitry. It will normally be the same value as that applied to the C LCK pin. Range - Speed range setting pin The ZXBM1016 is designed to operate over a predefined dynamic range. This will normally be in excess of 10:1 i.e. the lowest speed will be 1/10 of the full speed. In some instance the speed range might be 200rpm to 2,000rpm yet in others it could be 1,000 to 10,000rpm. This pin allows the tail- end current control operation to be tuned to the desired speed range. To do this a resistor is attached between the range pin and the ThRef pin. The following graph gives a range of resistor values against the speed range. Typically a 220k /H9024 resistor will cover most mid speed range motors of 600rpm to 6,000rpm, however a lower value can be used to enable the motor to be run at higher speeds. Conversely a higher value will be needed for motors running at a lower speed range. CPWM - Sets PWM frequency This pin has an external capacitor attached to set the PWM frequency for the phase drive outputs. A capacitor value of 0.1nF will provide a PWM frequency of typically 25kHz. FG - Frequency generator (speed) This is the frequency generator output and is a buffered signal from the Hall sensor. This is an open collector drive giving an active pull down with the high level being provided by an external pull up resistor. Ph1Lo and Ph2Lo - Low-side external H-bridge driver These pair of outputs drive the low side of the external power device H-bridge that in turn drives the single phase winding. Thes e outputs provide both the commutation and PWM waveforms. The outputs are active pull-up and active pull-down to help faster switching off when driving MOSFET devices with a high gate capacitance. When in the high state the outputs will provide up to 80mA of drive into the base or gates of external transistors as shown in the typical application circuit shown on the front page. When in the low state the active phase drive is again capable of sinking up to 80mA to aid turn off times during PWM operation. When the phase is inactive the output is held low by a 7.5k /H9024 internal pull-down resistor. 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 100000.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 220kΩ 470kΩ 120kΩ 360kΩ Speed vs CLCK peak voltage CLCK peak voltage (V) Speed (rpm) 750kΩ RRange CLCK = 0.47μF
Issue 1 - February 2007 9 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 Ph1Hi and Ph2Hi - High-side external H-bridge driver These are the high side outputs to the external H-bridge and are open collector outputs capable of sinking 100mA. This signal provides commutation only to the H-bridge. GND - Circuitry ground return This is the device supply ground return pin and will generally be the most negative supply pin to the fan. V CC - Circuitry applied voltage This provides the supply for the device's internal circuitry and for the H-bridge output stage. Sense - Current control sense This pin is used by the current sensing circuit to monitor the current taken by the motor windings. The signal comes from a sense resistor in the low-side ground return of the external H-bridge driver. SetTh - Current control threshold voltage This pin is used by the current sensing circuit as the reference voltage for the voltage on the sense pin to be compared against. If the voltage on the sense pin starts to exceed the voltage set on this pin the current control circuitry starts to back off the PWM voltage and thus the current being supplied to the motor coil. SetThRef - SetTh and start-up reference This pin is derived from an internal start-up ci rcuit and is used as the source voltage for the potential divider network attached to the SetTh pin. Under running conditions this will be a voltage of approximately 4.75V, however, during start up the voltage ramps up from 0V to 4.75V at a rate determined by the capacitor on the C LCK pin. Once the motor is running it will go to its steady state. This is a low power output capable of supplying a maximum of 200/H9262A. It should only be used to supply the potential divider network attached to the SetTh pin.
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Issue 1 - February 2007 11 www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2007 Note: Controlling dimensions are in millimeters. Approximate dimensions are provided in inches Dim. Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A - 1.20 - 0.047 A1 0.05 0.15 0.002 0.006 A2 0.80 1.05 0.031 0.041 D 6.40 6.60 0.252 0.260 E 6.40 BSC 0.252 BSC L 0.45 0.75 0.018 0.030 e 0.65 BSC 0.026 BSC b 0.19 0.30 0.007 0.012 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 D E L c AA2 A1eb
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