ZXBM1015 ZETEX | Alldatasheet

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Technical content

DESCRIPTION

The ZXBM1015 is a Single-Phase, DC brushless motor pre-driver with PWM variable speed control and current limit features suitable for fans, blowers and pump motors. Where the system dictates, this device can be controlled via an external voltage, PWM signal or thermistor.

FEATURES

  • Compliant with external PWM speed control
  • Compliant with thermistor control
  • Minimum speed setting
  • Low noise
  • Auto restart
  • Built in Hall amplifier
  • Speed pulse (FG) and lock rotor (RD) outputs
  • Current Limiting
  • Variable commutation delay
  • Up to 18V input voltage (60V with external regulator)
  • Small TSSOP20 package
  • Lead free product

APPLICATIONS

  • Mainframe and personal computer fans and blowers
  • Instrumentation fans
  • Central heating blowers
  • Automotive climate control DEVICE MARKING
  • ZETEX ZXBM1015 Date code ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005 VARIABLE SPEED SINGLE- PHASE BLDC MOTOR CONTROLLER TSSOP20 DEVICE REEL SIZE TAPE WIDTH QUANTITY PER REEL ZXBM1015ST20TC 13" (330mm) 16mm 2,500

ORDERING INFORMATION

1) Maximum allowable Power Dissipation, PD, is shown plotted against Ambient Temperature,TA, in the accompanying Power Derating Curve, indicating the Safe Operating Area for the device. 2) Power consumed by the device, PT, can be calculated from the equation: PT = PQ + PPhHi + PPhLo + PTR + PHB + PFGRD where PQ is power dissipated under quiescent current conditions, given by: PQ = VCC x ICC where Vcc is the maximum application device Supply Voltage and Icc is the maximum Supply Current given in the Electrical Characteristics and PPhHi is power generated due to either one of the phase outputs Ph1Hi or Ph2Hi being active, given by: PPhHi = IOL x VOL where IOL is the maximum application Ph1Hi and Ph2Hi output currents and VOL is the maximum Low Level Output Voltage for the Ph1Hi and Ph2Hi outputs given in the Electrical Characteristics and PPhLo is power generated due to either one of the phase outputs Ph1Lo or Ph2Lo being active, given by: PPhLo = IOH x (VCC - VOH) where IOH is the maximum application Ph1Lo and Ph2Lo output currents and VCC is the maximum application device Supply Voltage and VOH is the minimum High Level Output Voltage for the Ph1Lo and Ph2Lo outputs given in the Electrical Characteristics. and PTR is power generated due to the Network Reference source current, given by: PTR = IOThRef x (VCC - VThRef) where IOThRef is the maximum application ThRef output current and VCC is the maximum application device Supply Voltage and VThRef is the Network Reference voltage and PHB is power generated due to the Hall Bias source current, given by: PHB = IHB x (VCC - VHB) where IHB is the maximum application Hall Bias output current and VHB is the Hall Bias voltage and PFGRD is power generated due to either or both the Frequency Generator and Locked Rotor Detect outputs being active, given by: PFGRD = IOL x VOL where IOL is the maximum application FG or RD output current and VOL is the FG or RD Low Level Output Voltage ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005 Parameter Symbol Limits Unit Supply Voltage VCCmax -0.6 to 20 V Input Current ICCmax 200 mA Maximum Input Voltage VImax -0.6 to Vcc+0.5 V Maximum Output Voltage VOmax -0.6 to Vcc+0.5 V Power Dissipation PDmax 800 mW Operating Temp. TOPR -40 to 110 Storage Temp. TSTG -55 to 125 Absolute Maximum Ratings

MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT CONDITIONS Supply Voltage VCC 4.7 V Current ICC 14.5 mA No load (1) Hall connections Hall Amp Input Voltage VIN mV diff p-p Hall Amp Common Mode Voltage VCM 0.5 VCC-1.5 V Hall Amp Input Offset VOFS mV Hall Amp Input Current IBS -400 -650 nA Hall Bias Voltage VHB 1.6 1.75 1.975 V IHB OUT = -5mA Hall Bias Output Current IHB -10 mA Output Drives Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo Output High Voltage VOH VCC-2.2 VCC-1.8 V IOH =80mA Phase active Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo Output Low Voltage VOLA 0.4 0.6 V IOL = 32mA Phase active Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo Output Low Voltage VOLB 0.4 0.6 V IOL = 50A Phase inactive Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo Output Source Current IOH -80 mA Ph1Lo, Ph2Lo Output Sink Current IOL mA Ph1Hi, Ph2Hi Output Low Voltage VOLA 0.55 0.8 V IOL = 100mA Ph1Hi, Ph2Hi Output Sink Current IOL 100 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (at Tamb = 25°C and Vcc = 12V) j-a = 110°C/W j-c = 36°C/W

MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT CONDITIONS PWM Oscillator CPWM Charge Current IPWMC -5.3 -9.1 A CPWM Discharge Current IPWMD 105 A CPWM High Threshold Voltage VTHH V CPWM Low Threshold Voltage VTHL V PWM Frequency FPWM kHz CPWM = 0.1nF Reference Voltage ThRef Voltage VThRef 2.9 3.0 3.15 V IOThRef = -10mA ThRef Output Current IOThRef -10 mA Speed Control SPD Voltage Minimum VSPDL V 100% PWM Drive SPD Voltage Maximum VSPDH V 0% PWM Drive SPD Input Current IISPD -0.4 A Vin = 2V Minumum Speed Setting SMIN Input Current ISMIN -0.25 -0.5 A Vin = 2V Rotor Lock and Auto Restart CLCK Charge Current ILCKC -2.7 -5.2 A CLCK Discharge Current ILCKD 0.2 0.42 A CLCK High Threshold Voltage VTHH V CLCK Low Threshold Voltage VTHL V Lock condition On:Off ratio 1:12 Current Limit Sense Input Current ISense -20 -100 nA Vin = 1V, SetTh = 2V SetTh Input Current ISetTh -20 -100 nA Vin = 2V, Sense = 1V Output Flags FG & RD Output Current IOL mA FG & RD Low Level Output Voltage VOL 0.5 V IOL = 16mA Commutation Delay Commutation Delay tComDel 112 s ComDel Open Circuit ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (at Tamb = 25°C and Vcc = 12V) (Cont.) Notes: (1.) Measured with pins H+, H-, CLCK and CPWM = 0V and all other signal pins open circuit. (2.) In this data sheet a negative sign for a current indicates current flowing out of the pin whilst no sign indicates current flowing into the pin

Speed & Lock Detect Hall RD CLCK CPWM SPD Hall Amp PWM Osc Locked Rotor Detect Phase Drive & Control Gnd Vcc Set Min Speed Vref SMIN ThRef Ph2 Lo Ph1 Lo Ph2 Hi Ph1 Hi + Supply Phase Drive Current Monitor SetTh Sense Control Voltage VSPD Vcc Vcc Hall Bias H-Bias ComDel ThRef V+OP + Supply + Supply FG Vcc Block diagram Pin Assignments

PIN FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION H+ - Positive Hall input H- - Negative Hall input The rotor position is detected by a Hall sensor, with the output applied to the H+ and H- pins. This sensor can be either a 4 pin 'naked' Hall device or of the 3 pin buffered switching type. For a 4 pin device the differential Hall output signal is connected to the H+ and H- pins. For a buffered Hall sensor the Hall device output is attached to the H+ pin, with a pull-up attached if needed, whilst the H- pin has an external potential divider attached to hold the pin at half Vcc. When H+ is high in relation to H-, Ph2 is the active drive. H-Bias- Hall Bias Output This is a 1.75V nominal voltage source to bias a differential unbufferred Hall sensor when that type is used. ThRef - Network Reference This is a reference voltage of nominal 3V and is used by external networks to set up the SPD and SMIN pins control voltages. It is designed for the ability to 'source' current and therefore it will not 'sink' any current from a higher voltage. The current drawn from the pin by the minimum speed potential divider to pin SMIN and any voltage setting network on the SPD pin should not exceed 10mA in total. SPD - Speed Control Input The voltage applied to the SPD pin provides control over the Fan Motor speed by varying the Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) drive ratio at the Ph1Lo and Ph2Lo outputs. The control signal takes the form of a voltage input of range 3V to 1V, representing 0% to 100% drive respectively. If variable speed control is not required this pin can be left with an external potential divider to set a fixed speed or tied to ground to provide full speed i.e. 100% PWM drive. The advantage of a fixed potential divider is so that the benefit of the current control can be achieved. If required this pin can also be used as a disable pin. The application of a voltage >3.0V will force the PWM drive fully off, in effect disabling the drive. SMIN - Sets Minimum Speed A voltage can be set on this pin via a potential divider between the ThRef and Gnd. This voltage is monitored by the SPD pin such that the SPD voltage cannot rise above the SMIN Voltage. As a higher voltage on the SPD pin represents a lower speed it therefore restricts the lower speed range of the fan. If this feature is not required the pin is left tied to ThRef so no minimum speed will be set. If the fan is being controlled from an external voltage source either this feature should not be used or if it is required then a >1k resistor should be placed in series with the SPD pin. ComDel - Adjusts the Commutation Delay The ZXBM1015 has a fixed internal commutation delay of 100us, however, there may be cases where this needs to be adjusted to a different value. A resistor can be attached to this pin to enable the delay to be lengthened or shortened dependant upon application. A resistor applied between the ComDel pin and Gnd will lengthen the delay and a resistor applied between the ComDel pin and ThRef will shorthen the delay. The following Table indicates the delay expected for a given resistor value. Typical Commutation Delay Resistor to ThRef Resistor to Gnd Delay ( s) 56k 100k 200k 120 130k 168 CPWM - Sets PWM Frequency This pin has an external capacitor attached to set the PWM frequency for the Phase drive outputs. A capacitor value of 0.1nF will provide a PWM frequency of typically 24kHz. The CPWM timing period (tPWM) is determined by the following equation: t V V xC I V V xC I PWM THH THL PWMC THH THL PWMD Where: C = CPWM +15, in pF VTHH and VTHL are the CPWM pin threshold voltages IPWMC and IPWMD are the charge and discharge currents in A. tPWM is in s ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005

As these threshold voltages are nominally set to VTHH = 3V and VTHL = 1V the equations can be simplified as follows: t C I C I PWM PWMC PWMD CLCK - Locked Rotor Timing Capacitor Should the fan stop rotating for any reason, i.e. an obstruction in the fan blade or a seized bearing, then the device will enter a Rotor Locked condition. In this condition after a predetermined time (tlock) the RD pin will go high and the Phase outputs will be disabled. After a further delay (toff) the controller will re-enable the Phase drive for a defined period ((ton) in an attempt to re-start the fan. This cycle of (toff) and (ton) will be repeated indefinitely or until the fan re-starts. The frequency at which this takes place is determined by the value of the capacitor applied to this CLCK pin. For a 12V supply a value of 1uF will typically provide an 'On' (drive) period of 0.56s and an 'Off' (wait) period of 6.8s, giving an On:Off ratio of 1:12. The CLCK timing periods are determined by the following equations: t V xC I lock THH LCK LCKC t V V xC I on THH THL LCK LCKC t V V xC I off THH THL LCK LCKD Where: VTHH and VTHL are the CLCK pin threshold voltages and ILCKC and ILCKD are the charge and discharge currents. As these threshold voltages are nominally set to VTHH = 3V and VTHL = 1V the equations can be simplified as follows: t xC I lock LCK LCKC = 3 t xC I on LCK LCKC = 2 t xC I off LCK LCKC = 2 GND - Ground This is the device supply ground return pin and will generally be the most negative supply pin to the fan. RD - Locked Rotor Error Output This pin is the Locked Rotor output as referred to in the CLCK timing section above. It is high when the rotor is stopped and low when it is running. This is an open collector drive giving an active pull down with the high level being provided by an external pull up resistor. FG - Frequency Generator (speed) This is the Frequency Generator output and is a buffered signal from the Hall sensor. This is an open collector drive giving an active pull down with the high level being provided by an external pull up resistor. Ph1Lo & Ph2Lo - Low-side External H-bridge Driver These pair of outputs drive the Low side of the external high power H-bridge devices that in turn drives the single phase winding. These outputs provide both the commutation and PWM waveforms. The outputs are of the Darlington emitter follower type with an active pull-down to help faster switch off when using bipolar devices or MOSFET devices with a high gate capacitance. When in the high state the outputs will provide up to 80mA of drive into the base or gates of external transistors as shown in the Typical Application circuit following. When in the low state the active Phase drive is capable of sinking up to 32mA when driving low to aid turn off times during PWM operation. When the Phase is inactive the output is held low by a 7.5k internal pull-down resistor. Ph1Hi & Ph2Hi - High-side External H-bridge Driver These are the High side outputs to the external H-bridge and are open collector outputs capable of sinking 100mA. This signal provides commutation only to the H-bridge. V+OP- Phase Outputs supply voltage This pin is the supply to the Phase outputs and will be connected differently dependant upon external transistor type. For bipolar devices this pin will be connected via a resistor to the VCC pin. The resistor is used to control the current into the transistor base so its value is chosen accordingly. For MOSFET devices the pin will connect directly to the VCC pin ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005

This is the device internal circuitry supply voltage. For 5V to 12V fans this can be supplied directly from the Fan Motor supply. For fans likely to run in excess of the 18V maximum rating for the device this will be supplied from an external regulator such as a Zener diode. SetTh - Set Threshold Voltage The ZXBM1015 contains a current monitor circuit used to sense the current flowing in the motor winding and this pin is used to control how the circuit responds to that current. The device works in a threshold feedback mode using a potential divider to the Set Threshold pin. This potential divider is used to set a voltage that will be compared with the voltage generated by the current in a Sense resistor attached in the Low-Side ground return of the external H-Bridge driver. When the current in the Sense resistor, and thus the voltage, rises above the SetTh pin threshold the controller will back-off the PWM drive to limit the maximum current taken by the motor. To do this the current monitor will internally apply a correction signal to the SPD pin. If the motor current is below the set threshold the controller does not influence the SPD voltage. A suitable voltage range for the SetTh pin, and thus the sensed voltage on the Sense pin, would be 50mV to 200mV. It should be noted that the effectivenessof the control is determined by the external network used to control the SPD pin. It will not work where the fan is being controlled by a low source impedance voltage. If the fan is being controlled from an external voltage source then a resistor >1k should be placed in series with the SPD pin. The minimum speed setting on the SMIN pin will override the current limit feature. A current cannot be set that is lower than the current taken when the motor stalls at minimum speed. Sense This pin is used by the current sensing circuit, as described above, to monitor the current taken by the motor windings. The signal comes from a sense resistor in the Low-Side ground return of the external H-Bridge driver. ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005

NOTES: ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005

NOTES: ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005

NOTES: ZXBM1015 ISSUE 2 - OCTOBER 2005

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Hauppauge, NY 11788 USA Telephone: (1) 631 360 2222 Fax: (1) 631 360 8222 usa.sales@zetex.com Asia Pacific Zetex (Asia) Ltd 3701-04 Metroplaza Tower 1 Hing Fong Road, Kwai Fong Hong Kong Telephone: (852) 26100 611 Fax: (852) 24250 494 asia.sales@zetex.com Corporate Headquarters Zetex Semiconductors plc Zetex Technology Park Chadderton, Oldham, OL9 9LL United Kingdom Telephone (44) 161 622 4444 Fax: (44) 161 622 4446 hq@zetex.com These offices are supported by agents and distributors in major countries world-wide. This publication is issued to provide outline information only which (unless agreed by the Company in writing) may not be used, applied or reproduced for any purpose or form part of any order or contract or be regarded as a representation relating to the products or services concerned. The Company reserves the right to alter without notice the specification, design, price or conditions of supply of any product or service. For the latest product information, log on to www.zetex.com © Zetex Semiconductors plc 2005 DIM Millimeters Inches DIM Millimeters Inches Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max A 1.20 0.047 L 0.45 0.75 0.018 0.030 0.05 0.15 0.002 0.006 e

0.65 BSC

0.026 BSC

0.80 1.05 0.031 0.041 b 0.19 0.30 0.007 0.012 D 6.4 6.6 0.252 0.260 c 0.09 0.20 0.004 0.008 E

6.40 BSC

0.252 BSC

4.3 4.5 0.169 0.177 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS Controlling dimensions are in millimeters, approximate dimensions are given inches. Conforms to JEDEC MO-153 AC PACKAGE OUTLINE - TSSOP20