WF1945

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MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER

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WF1945B ETC

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http://www.nfcorp.co.jp/ NF Corporation 6-3-20, Tsunashima-higashi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8508 JAPA N WF1945B MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZERWF1945B

Thank you very much for procuring the WF1945B MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER. At the outset, please take a few minutes to read the Safety Precautions i ndicated in this manual in order to use this equipment safely and correctly.

Warning and Caution notices The following Warning and Caution notices appear in th is manual. These must be observed in order to protect both the user from physical harm and the equipment from damage. Risk of serious and possibly fatal physical injury from electric shock or other cause. Risk of damage to the equipment.
Manual composition Please read Section 1 before using the equipment for the first time. Refer to a separate volume for a description of remote control (GPIB or USB). Section 1 Overview Provides a general description of the equipment and a simple outline of the operating principles. Section 2 Preparation Required preparatory work before installing and operating the equipment. Be sure to read this section. Section 3 Basic operation Panel functions, operating principles and basic operations are described. Read while operating the equipment. Section 4 Applications Expanded operations are described. Section 5 Other operations Operations not covered in Sections 3 and 4 are described. Section 6 Troubleshooting Corrective measures when error messages or abnormalities occur. Section 7 Maintenance Inspection and performance tests are described. Section 8 Specifications Equipment specifications (functions and performance) are described. !! WARNING ! CAUTION

Observe the following warnings and cautions in order to use this equipment safely. No responsibility or warranty is assumed for damages arising from use in a manner contrary to these warnings and cautions. This product is an insulation standard class I device (with a protective conductor terminal) as defined by the IEC standards.

Observe text instructions This manual has been compiled in order to enable safe operation and use of this equipment. Be sure to read this manual before using the equipment. Items designated by Warning advise of serious physical hazards. Be sure to observe these carefully.
Be sure to connect ground Since the unit includes a built-in line filter, there is risk of shock if used without grounding. To prevent electric shock, be sure to properly connect the device to the electric ground which ground resistance is less than 100 Ω.
Confirm power source voltage Before connecting this equipment, check that the proper voltage is being supplied to the power outlet. Refer to the Grounding and Power Supply section of this manual.
Use only the properly rated fuse Improperly rated fuses present a fire hazard and ot her risks. Refer to the Grounding and Power Supply section of this manual and confirm the fuse rating. Be sure to disconnect the equipment from the power source before replacing the fuse.
Smoke, odor, noise In event smoke, peculiar odor or noise is emitted, imme diately disconnect the power source and avoid further operation. Contact service.
Flammable gas Do not use this equipment in the presence of flammable gas. There is danger of fire and explosion.
Do not remove covers This equipment contains dangerously high voltages. Do not remove external covers. Refer all internal inspection and service to a qualified service technician who fully understands the hazards.

!! WARNING

Do not modify Do not use parts other than specified by the manufacturer and by no means attempt to modify the equipment. There is risk of personnel hazard and damage to the equipment. The manufacturer reserves the option of refusing service in such cases.
Safety related symbols and indications Following are general definitions of the symbols and indications used in the text and on the product. ! Advises of possible hazard to the user, as we ll as the need to consult this manual when using an operation or function. Appears in the text and on the product to a dvise risk of fatal or otherwise serious physical injury. Appears in the text and on the product to advise risk of damage to the product. Ground indication: Indicates connector housing and signal ground is connected to a chassis ground. Indicates power switch on state. Indicates power switch off state. ! CAUTION

1.1 Features

The WF1945B Wave Factory is a multifunctional synthesi zer based on the direct digital synthesizer (DDS) system. The WF1945B is single channel, but the series also includes the 2-channel WF1946B, the single-channel WF1943B with basic functions, and the 2-channel WF1944B with basic functions. z Frequency setting range : 0.01 µHz to 15 MHz z Maximum output voltage : 20 Vp-p/open, ±10 V/open z Waveform resolution: 16 bits z Key navigation lights the next keys to be operated, thus improving operational ease. z User units function allows setting formula and charact er string to convert settings and display to the desired units. z LOAD function aligns the setting and actual output voltages when an arbitrary load impedance in connected. z Convenient use as a pulse generator with pulse period, width, high level and low level setting and display. A trigger delay function is also included. z Five standard waveforms: sinewave, triangular wave, squarewave, rising sawtooth and descending sawtooth, plus arbitrary waveform. z Frequency change and frequency sweep are coupled with phase, avoiding waveform cutoff. z Unpredicted voltage is not produced during amplitude change. Since the output range is fixed, the amplitude can be changed from 0 to maximum without waveform cutoff. z Versatile oscillation modes ・Continuous ・Intermittent: Burst, trigger, gate, in addition to triggered gate for repeated oscillation start/stop ・Sweep: Sweep for not only frequency, but also phase, amplitude, DC offset and duty ・Modulation: FM (FSK), phase (PSK), AM, DC offset and PWM ・White noise generator ・DC voltage generator z Floating inputs and outputs to prevent ground loop effects. z The 1991 synchronous operation option enables synchronized operation of multiple units and operation as an oscillator with increased number of channels. z The 1992A digital output option can provide a 15 bit digital signal corresponding to the output waveform and enable use as a digital pattern generator.

1.2 Operating principles

Block diagram USB Display and panel key Amplitude control occurrence Others TRIG/ SWEEP IN GPIB Clock Offset D/A SYNC OUT CJU CJU FUNCTION OUT Over level Detector CJU AM IN ADD IN Isolation Waveform memory Sweep input/output Digital outputSync transfer input/output Multiplier z The CPU conducts analog control for display, panel keys, remote control (GPIB, USB), DDS, amplitude and DC offset. Sweep input/output is also controlled for sweep internal/external modulation. z The clock generator produces DDS reference and CPU clock signals. z An isolation circuit between the CPU and DDS provides floating functions. z The DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer) uses an orig inal LSI device and generates digital data of the setting frequency. z The waveform memory converts digital data from the DDS into standard or arbitrary waveform data. Waveform data are set from the CPU. z The digital to analog (D/A) converter produces an analog signal from the resulting waveform data. z The lowpass filter (LPF) smoothes the stepped D/A output signal. z Amplitude control is set by the gain control. DC offset is produced by the offset D/A converter and the output amplifier adds and amplifies the output signal. z The attenuator (ATT) selects the output range by 1/10 attenuation on/off.

1.3 Function outline

Function tree

Oscillation mode selection The oscillation type can be set for continuous, intermittent, sweep, modulated, noise or DC.
Waveform selection The waveform type can be set for sinewave ( ), triangle waveform ( ), squarewave ( , 50 % fixed duty), squarewave ( , variable duty), rising sawtooth ( ), descending sawtooth ( ), or arbitrary (ARB).
Frequency setting The frequency can be set by the keypad or modify dial. The period, i.e., inverse of frequency, can also be set. The duty and pulse width can also be set for the variable duty squarewave.
Amplitude setting The amplitude can be set by the keypad or modify dial.
DC offset setting The DC offset can be set by the keypad or modify dial.
Phase setting Phase between channels and oscillation starting phase during burst oscillation can be set.

Output on/off The waveform and sync signal output connectors are on/off switchable for each channel. The setting prior to power off is returned at power on. Be sure to set to either on or off as required.
User units setting Coefficients and compensation can be applied to frequency, period, amplitude, DC offset, phase and duty for setting and displaying these in desired units. The units can be expressed by up to 4 desired characters.
Setting store and recall The settings for frequency, amplitude, etc., can be stored and recalled. The WF1945B is capable of 10 combinations store/recall.
Computer control Remote control (GPIB or USB) enables external control from a personal computer.

■ Function tree Output Output on/off Oscillation mode Normal Burst Burst, trigger, gate, triggered gate Sweep Sweep mode Single, continuous, gated Sweep objective Frequency, amplitude, DC offset, phase, duty Sweep system Linear, logarithmic / / / Modulation Modulation type Frequency, amplitude, DC offset, phase, duty Modulation waveform / / / / Noise DC Waveform / / (50 % fixed duty), (variable duty), / arbitrary waveform (ARB) Voltage Output range Gain setting DC offset setting High level setting Low level setting (continued)

Output (continued) Frequency Frequency setting Period setting Pulse width setting ( : variable duty) Duty setting ( : variable duty) Phase Oscillation start phase User units Setting contents Save/recall/clear Setting initialize Communication GPIB USB Others Error indication Output mode setting at power on Sync out, sweep period output Trigger, gate, sweep start input Sweep stop, restart input Sweep X-drive output Sweep marker output External add input External AM input 1991 synchronous operation option 1992A digital output option

2.1 Check before using

Safety check Before using the WF1945B, refer to the Safety precautions of this manual and confirm safety. Also, before connecting the power, refer to Section 2.2 Power source and grounding and thoroughly check the safety. Unpacking and repacking First, inspect the equipment for possible damage in shipping. Check for the presence of the following items. Supplied accessories Fuse (Time lag, 250 V, φ5.2 × 20 mm) For information on how to use 0105 Arbitrary Waveform Editor, refer to the CD-ROM of the 0105. When repacking the equipment for transportation, use a packing carton having ample strength to protect the equipment and bear the weight of stacking. Do not remove covers. This equipment contains dangerously high voltages. Do not remove external covers. Refer all internal inspection and service to a qualified service technician who fully understands the hazards. !! WARNING

■ 1991 synchronous operation option If ordered, this option is installed at time of shipment. ■ 1994 synchronous operation cable Cable (1 meter) used with the 1991 synchronous operation option. The required number of cables is one less than the total number of connected units. ■ 1992A digital output option If ordered, this option is installed at time of shipment. The following accessory cable is also provided. Supplied accessory

2.2 Power source and grounding

Grounding This equipment must be grounded in order to prevent electric shock accidents. Confirm the protective ground terminal is connected to ground before connecting the equipment for measurements. The WF1945B pr otective ground is connected to ground by the 3-prong power supply plug. Use the supplied power supply cable to connect to a 3-terminal power outlet that has a protective ground contact. Line filter The WF1945B uses a line filter that incorporates the circuit below. Because the maximum leakage current is 0.5 mArms at 250 V/62 Hz, touching a metallic part of the WF1945B could cause an electric shock. For your safety, be sure to ground the device. Power source Be sure to observe the following in order to prevent damage to the equipment. Confirm the power source voltage is within the range specified for the WF1945B. !! WARNING Fuse To power switch Chassis ! CAUTION

Check the power source voltage indication on the rear panel above the power source inlet. The WF1945B operates from the following commercial power source. Power supply voltage range: AC100V/115V/230V ±10% Power supply frequency range: 50/60 Hz ±2 Hz Power consumption: Max. 65 VA Overvoltage category: II Connect to the power source according to the following procedure: 1. Set the WF1945B power switch to off. 2. Adjust the source voltage change-over switch at th e back of the unit to the source voltage to be used. 3. Insert the power cable into the power inlet on the back of the unit. 4. Insert the power cable plug into a 3-terminal wall socket. With a screwdriver, move the slide control of the source voltage change-over switch to the line indicating the source voltage to be used. Do not set the slide control between lines. VOLTAGE SELECTOR 100V 115V 230V VOLTAGE SELECTOR 100V 115V 230V Before using the WF1945B with a source voltage that di ffers from the factory setting, be sure to contact the sales representative of NF Corporation. Make sure that the power switch is off before c onnecting the power cable. Also, after switching power off, wait at least five seconds before switching the power on again. Confirm the power switch is off before connecting the power cable. Also, after switching power off, wait at least 5 seconds before again switching power on.

Power supply fuse Use only a fuse with the specified rating. There is risk of fire from an improperly rated fuse. Be sure to disconnect the power cable before replacing the fuse. Fuse: Time lag 1 A (100/115 V) or time lag 0.5 A (230 V) 250 V, φ5.2 × 20 mm The specified rating of a fuse changes depending on the power source voltage. !! WARNING

2.3 Installation

Cautions Observe the following cautions to avoid damaging the WF1945B. z The unit is cooled by a fan. In event the fan does not function, switch off the power and contact service. Continued use withou t the fan operating can lead to extensive damage and service complexity. z Ventilation openings are located on the si de and rear panels. Avoid obstructing the openings and provide at least 10 cm clear sp ace at the sides and back of the unit when installing. z Do not use the unit vertically (with the rear panel downward). Installation conditions Observe the following ambient when installing and storing the equipment. Moisture condensation must also be absent. Temperature and humidity ranges Guaranteed performance: +5 to +35 C, 5 to 85 %RH (no condensation at an absolute humidity of 1 to 25 g/m 3) Ambient storage conditions: -10 to +50 C, 5 to 95 %RH (no condensation at an absolute humidity of 1 to 29 g/m 3) Pollution degree : 2 Avoid installing the equipment in the following types of locations. z In direct sunlight or near heat sources z Where subjected to dust, salt or metallic dust z Corrosive gas, steam or oily smoke z Flammable gas or vapors z Strong vibration z Strong magnetic or electromagnetic fields z Near pulse type noise sources Also, when using, provide separation between the pow er cords and signal cables of the WF1945B and those of other equipment. Operating error can occur if th e power cords and signal cables are too close. Cable routing requires particular attention when installing in a rack or other facility. Panel and case cleaning Use a soft cloth to wipe dust from the panel and case. If soiling is severe, moisten the cloth slightly with a neutral detergent. Do not use sprays, petroleum distillates or commercial cleaning cloths, which can deform or peel the finish. ! CAUTION

2.4 Conformable standards

The WF1945B conforms to the following standards. Safety: EN 61010-1: 2001 EMC: EN 61326: 1997/A1: 1998/A2: 2001 However, the performance criteria for the following standards are as follows: EN61000-4-2(1995), EN61000-4-4(1995), EN61000-4-5(1995), and EN61000-4-11(1994):B The following cables are used for the test of EN 61326: 1997/A1: 1998/A2: 2001

Power cable : Accessory
Signal cables : Coaxial cable with BNC connector s, 1 m (3D-2W or RG-143B/U or RG-223/U)
GPIB cable : Shielded cable, 1 m (DDK: 408JE-101)

2.5 Calibration

Section 7.3 the Performance tests are recommended at least once a year. These should also be conducted before important tests and measurements.

・Following is an example of the display when using this section. Fully lighted (bold) Flashing ＰＲＥＳＥＴＳＹＳＴＥＭ：ＲＡＮＧＥＰＲＥＳＥＴＵＳＥＲ-ＵＮＩＴ 4 Fully lighted (bold) Dimly lighted

3.1 Panel description

This section describes the indications and functions of the front and rear panels of the WF1945B.

Front panel Trigger/sw eep input connector ( page 3-9) Sync signal output connector ( page 3-6) Waveform output connector (page 3-5) Memory save, recall, etc. (page 5-13) Power on/off. Depress for power on, press and release to raised position for power off. Frequency and amplitude setting (pages 3-21 to 3-23) Oscillation mode selection (page 3-19) Displays frequency, amplitude, offset and load impedance settings, in addition to information to assist when setting. Lamps light to indicate present oscillation mode and waveform selection. Lamp lights to indicate output range. When the range is set for autom atic switching, the Auto lamp lights (page 5-18). The OVER lamp flashes when the output voltage exceeds the upper limit (page 3-5). Output waveform on/off. Key lamp lights when on, extinguishes when off. Key button, top or bottom lamps light only for operable keys. When Modify lamp lights, turn dial to set values or parameters. Return to the previous step. Undo key (page 5-21) Setting initialize (page 3-16), output range setting (page 5-18), user unit setting (page 5-9) Waveform select (page 3-20) Press to enter, e.g., a numerical input.

Rear panel Fuse holder (page 2-5) GPIB connector Inspection label Nameplate Fan exhaust Sync transfer input (1991 option, page 3-12) Sync transfer output (1991 option, page 3-12) Digital output (1992A option, page 3-14) Sweep stop/restart input (page 3-10) Sweep X-drive output (page 3-10) External add input (page 3-11) Sweep marker output (page 3-11) External AM input (page 3-12) Power supply input (page 2-5)

3.2 Input and output connectors

Waveform output (FUNCTION OUT) 50Ω FUNCTION OUT ±42 Vpeak OUTPUT AMP 50Ω 20dB ATT Maximum output voltage : 20 Vp-p/open, 10 Vp-p/50 Ω load Output impedance : 50 Ω, unbalanced Load impedance: More than 45 Ω Output off status : Open when out put off (can be modified for 50 Ω at output off. Consult company.) Ground : Connected to signal ground (floating from chassis) Avoid shorting the output or applying an external signal. The unit can be damaged. ・Output limiting If the following voltages are exceeded by the amplitude, DC offset, external add or external AM settings, the OVER lamp flashes and the output is clipped. 10 V range: Approx. 11 Vp/open 1 V range: Approx. 1.1 Vp/open ・Output connection note The Function Out impedance is 50 Ω. By using coaxial cable with 50 Ω characteristic impedance for connection to other equipment, amplitude accuracy at high frequency can be improved and waveform disturbance reduced. In addition, performance deterioration up to maximum frequency can be prevented by connecting to a terminal having 50 Ω input impedance or terminating the input at 50 Ω. ・Setting and output voltages The setting voltage display and actual output voltage (load terminal voltage) differ according to the load resistance. “5.4 Other settings (■LOAD function (equalize setting and output values))”, cf. ! CAUTION

3.2 Input and output connections

Sync signal output (SYNC OUT) 50Ω SYNC OUT Output waveform : Output voltage : 0 V/+5 V (open) Output impedance: 50 Ω, unbalanced Load impedance: More than 45 Ω Status at output off : High impedance Ground : Connected to signal ground (floating from chassis) Avoid shorting the output or applying an external signal. The unit can be damaged. Output connection note The Sync Out impedance is 50 Ω. By using coaxial cable with 50 Ω characteristic impedance for connection to other equipment, waveform disturbance can be reduced. Although 50 Ω termination is possible, the high level voltage is reduced by about half. ・Waveform and sync signal output relationship (Waveform phase definition) (1) Continuous oscillation mode (NORMAL) ① Sinewave ! CAUTION

② Triangular, rising sawtooth, descending sawtooth, arbitrary ③ Squarewave (fixed 50 % duty) (Phase definition) FUNCTION OUT Approx. 15ns SYNC OUT ④ Squarewave (variable duty) (Phase definition) FUNCTION OUT Appendix. 14ns SYNC OUT Jitter = 25ns p-p Approximately 25 ns p-p jitter is also produced in the FUNCTION OUT waveform. Rising and falling edge hysteres is zones vary with phase history. Above 100 kHz with stop level off. At other times, see example ④ below. Approximately 25 ns p-p jitter is also produced in the FUNCTION OUT waveform when stop level is On or 100 kHz and below. Jitter 25 ns p-p (Stop level on or 100 kHz and below) 2.5 ns rms and below (Stop level off and between above 100 kHz and below 1 MHz) 1.0 ns rms and below (Stop level off and 1 MHz and above) (Phase definition)

(2) Burst mode (BURST) (3) Sweep mode (SWEEP) Low level during sweep from start to stop points. High level at other times. “4.2 Sweep (■Sweep value and Z-MARKER/SYNC/X- DRIVE outputs)”, cf. (4) Modulation mode (MODU) High level when modulation waveform phase is above 0 and less than 180 degrees. Low level above 180 and below 360 degrees. FUNCTION OUT (Internal modulation waveform) SYNC OUT (5) Noise mode (NOISE) Digital (binary) noise source output. (6) DC mode (DC) Always high level.

Trigger/sweep input (TRIG/SWEEP IN) Signal characteristics: The following types ar e produced during the burst oscillation mode. Trigger: Select oscillation start for either or . Gate: Select oscillation at either high or low level. Triggered gate: Oscillation start/stop at or . Select either. Minimum pulse width is 50 ns. In sweep oscillation mode, the sweep starts at or . Select either. Minimum pulse width is 200 ns. Input voltage : High level ≥ +3.9 V Low level ≤ +1.6 V Input voltage range : −0.5 to +5.5 V Input impedance : Pull up to +5 V at approx. 10 k Ω Ground : Connected to chassis ground Do not apply a signal exceeding the above input voltage range. The unit can be damaged.

Drive circuit examples Connect the trigger and sweep input drive signals to TTL or C-MOS logic IC outputs. Since the input circuit is provided with a built-in pull up resistor, an open collector output drive can also be used. However, contact chatter from a mechanical switch or relay can prevent normal operation. Also, chattering will prevent normal operation when the oscillation mode is triggered gate. Avoid using a logic IC circuit having a power supply voltage higher than +5 V such as example (c) for the WF1945B input ! CAUTION +5 V +12 V～ (a) TTL logic output (b) Open collect or output (c ) High voltage logic output TRIG/SWEEP IN +5 V 10 kΩ 100 Ω D

Sweep stop/restart input (SWEEP PAUSE IN) Signal characteristics : Low level ; sweep pause High level ; sweep restart Input voltage : High level ≧+3.9 V Low level≦+1.6 V Input voltage range : −0.5 to +5.5 V Input impedance : Pull up to +5 V at approx. 10 k Ω Ground : Connected to chassis ground Do not apply a signal exceeding the above input voltage range. The unit can be damaged. Sweep X-drive output (SWEEP X-DRIVE OUT) Signal characteristics : 0 to +5 V ; sweep increase +5 to 0 V ; sweep decrease Output voltage : 0 to +5 V (open) Output impedance : Approx. 1 k Ω Recommended load : Above 10 k Ω Ground : Connected to chassis ground Avoid shorting the output or applying an external signal. The unit can be damaged. ! CAUTION ! CAUTION SWEEP PAUSE IN +5V 10 kΩ 100 Ω D +5V SWEEP X-DRIVE OUT +5V 900 Ω D D/A

Sweep marker output (SWEEP Z-MARKER OUT) Signal characteristics : Low level ; sweep greater than marker High level ; other times Output voltage : TTL level, 0 V/+5 V Recommended load : Above 1 k Ω Ground : Connected to chassis ground Avoid shorting the output or applying an external signal. The unit can be damaged. External add input (EXT ADD IN) Input voltage : ±5 V Input impedance : 50 Ω External add frequency : Up to 10 MHz Ground : Connected to signal ground (floating from chassis) Do not apply a signal exceeding the above voltage. The unit can be damaged. ! CAUTION ! CAUTION SWEEP Z-MARKETR OUT 22 Ω D +5 V EXT ADD IN ±42Vpeak 820 Ω 53.1 Ω

External AM input (EXT AM IN) ±42Vpeak 25Ω 25Ω EXT AM IN Input voltage : -3 V to +1 V (-100% output at -3 V, 0% output at -1 V, 100% output at +1 V) Input impedance : 50 Ω Modulation frequency : Up to 10 MHz Ground : Connected to signal ground (floating from chassis) Do not apply a signal exceeding the above voltage. The unit can be damaged. Synchronous operation input and output (φ-SYNC IN, OUT) (Options, 1991 and 1994) Do not connect. Note: Effective during continuous (Normal) oscillation mode. Timing error: Maximum 35 ns per unit. Thus, phase error of 0.1 degree at approx. 8 kHz and 1 degree at approx. 80 kHz. Description: The clock is sent from Master to Slave to Slave. The delay per unit is approximately 17 nanoseconds. The clock period is approximately 25 ns. The phase synchronizing pulse can be generated by any of the master or slave units and sent toward the terminal. Delay per unit is approximately 8 ns. Due to the phase difference from this delay time, the error between adjacent units is approximately 25 ns (clock period) + 8 ns (phase sync pulse delay) = 33 ns. The WF1945B, WF1946B, WF1945A, WF1946A , WF1965, WF1966, WF1945 (1945), WF1946 (1946) , and WF1956 (1956) equipped with the 1991 can be connected. ! CAUTION Maximum number of connected units: 6

Note the following for synchronou s operation of multiple products: ・Switch off all products before connecting or disconnecting sync transfer cables. ・Switch on all products that are connected by the sync transfer cables and that will be used. Disconnect the sync transfer cable from any product that will not be used. ・If possible, simultaneously swit ch on all products that are connected by the sync transfer cables. If simultaneous switch-on is not possible, switch on products in succession from the master (primary) side to the slave (secondary, tertiary) side. ・If possible, simultaneously switch off all pro ducts that are connected by the sync transfer cables. If simultaneous switch-off is not possible, sw itch off products in succession from the slave (secondary, tertiary) side to the master (primary) side. ! CAUTION

Digital output (DIGITAL OUT) (1992A: option) ! Output impedance : Approx. 115 Ω Output voltage : 0 V/+5 V (open) Connections : See table Ground : Signal GND lines connected to signal ground (floating from chassis) Drain line connected to chassis ground Connect GND to all target signal grounds. Lease unused signal lines open. When the drain line is connected to the targ et signal ground, the WF1945B signal grounds (FUNCTION OUT, SYNC OUT, EXT ADD IN, EXT AM IN) are grounded to chassis. The accessory cable signals are indicated by marking quantity and color, and insulation color. Signal Connec-t ion Mark color Mark quantity Insulation color Signal Connec-t ion Mark color Mark quantity Insulation color Signal Red Signal Red Output control GND Black 3 White D07 GND Black 2 White Signal Red Signal Red D15 (MSB) GND Black 2 Orange D06 GND Black 4 Orange Signal Red Signal Red D14 GND Black 3 Yellow D05 GND Black 1 White Signal Red Signal Red D13 GND Black 1 Pink D04 GND Black 3 gray Signal Red Signal Red D12 GND Black 2 Pink D03 GND Black 2 gray Signal Red Signal Red D11 GND Black 2 Yellow D02 GND Black 4 gray Signal Red Signal Red D10 GND Black 3 Pink D01 (LSB) GND Black 1 gray Signal Red Signal Red D09 GND Black 1 Yellow Clock GND Black 4 White Signal Red Signal Red D08 GND Black 3 Orange Not used GND Black 1 Orange Chassis ground Drain line ・ The output control line is pulled up to +5 V at approx. 10 k Ω. When this line is low level, the clock and D01 to D15 output signals are on. When open, the output signals are high impedance. Drain line of the DIGITAL OUT connector’s housing and cable. 100Ω

Avoid shorting the output or applying an external signal. The unit can be damaged. ・Accessory cable connection example 1 Since the sending impedance and transmission line ch aracteristic impedance is nearly matching, a comparatively good waveform can be obtained even with an open load. ・Accessory cable connection example 2 Even better waveform quality can be obtained by terminating at 110 to 120 Ω. In this case, the amplitude at the load end is about 1/2 that at the output end. This response can be utilized to apply a suitable voltage to even a low operating voltage CMOS. But in this case, do not set to high impedance with the output control line. Circuit damage can occur with a CMOS device. ・ Digital output is undefined when the oscillation mode is NOISE or DC. ・Except for the following cases, data corresponding to the waveform (FUNCTION) is output as digital output: (duty 50% fixed): Data corresponding to is output. (variable duty): Data to be output is undefined. ! CAUTION 100Ω 115Ω

3.3 Basic operation

Basic operation is described using an example of a tr iangular waveform with frequency 1 kHz, amplitude 2 Vp-p and DC offset +1 V from the waveform output connector. Period(frequency): 1ms(1kHz) Setting initialize(PRESET) The operation of initializing all settings is described. This instruction manual presumes operation directly after initializing. Operation: ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display. (lower PRESET flashes). ＰＲＥＳＥＴＳＹＳＴＥＭ：ＲＡＮＧＥＰＲＥＳＥＴＵＳＥＲ－ＵＮＩＴ 4 ② Press the ENTER key (upper PRESET flashes). ③ Again press the ENTER key to initialize. To return without initializing, before pressing ENTER press the EXIT key twice.

Initialized settings ： Initialized settings are indicated in the table. Settings related to output on/off, output on/off at power on, arbitrary waveform, setting memory, user units , remote control, GPIB address, GPIB delimiter, and USB ID are not initialized. Initialization table Key operation Menu Initial settings Remarks MODE NORMAL TYPE BURST SOURCE EXT (1 ms, at INT) When TYPE=TRIG, GATE,T-GATE DELAY 0.3 µs When TYPE=TRIG MARK 1.0 When TYPE=BURST, TRIG SPACE 1.0 When TYPE=BURST MODE→BURST STOP-LEVEL OFF (0 %, at ON). TYPE FREQ SOURCE EXT (1 ms at INT) When MODE=SINGLE, GATED MODE SINGLE FUNCTION LIN TIME 1 s MODE→SWEEP STOP-LEVEL OFF (0%, at ON). When MODE=GATED START 1000 Hz STOP 10000 Hz CENTER 5500 Hz SPAN 9000 Hz MODE → SWEEP, TYPE=FREQ MARKER 5000 Hz START 0.1 Vp-p STOP 1 Vp-p CENTER 0.55 Vp-p SPAN 0.9 Vp-p MODE → SWEEP, TYPE=AMPTD MARKER 0.5 Vp-p START 0.1 V STOP −0.1 V CENTER 0 V SPAN 0.2 V MODE → SWEEP, TYPE=OFFSET MARKER 0 V START −90 deg STOP 90 deg CENTER 0 deg SPAN 180 deg MODE → SWEEP, TYPE=PHASE MARKER 0 deg START 40 % STOP 60 % CENTER 50 % SPAN 20 % MODE → SWEEP, TYPE=DUTY MARKER 50 % Continued next page

Continued from previous page Key operation Menu Initial settings Remarks TYPE FM FREQUENCY 100 Hz MODE→MODU FUNCTION MODE → MODU, TYPE=FM DEVIATION 1000 Hz MODE → MODU, TYPE=AM DEPTH 50 % MODE → MODU, TYPE=OFSM DEVIATION 0.2 V MODE → MODU, TYPE=PM DEVIATION 90 deg MODE → MODU, TYPE=PWM DEVIATION 20 % ENTRY→FREQ 1000 Hz ENTRY→AMPTD 0.1 Vp-p ENTRY→OFFSET 0 V ENTRY→PHASE 0 deg ENTRY→WIDTH 0.0005 s In case of FUNCTION= ENTRY→DUTY 50 % In case of FUNCTION= ENTRY→PERIOD 0.001 s ENTRY→HIGH 0.05 V ENTRY→LOW −0.05 V FUNCTION RANGE AUTO LOAD OPEN (50 ohms at SET) EXT-AM OFF EXT-ADD OFF DUTY-VALID IMMED SYSTEM SYNC-OUT STATE

Oscillation mode selection ( MODE Oscillation mode (continuous, burst, sweep, etc.) selection is described. Terms: NORMAL (continuous): Continuous oscillation; normally use this mode. BURST : Intermittent oscillation (BURST, TRIG, GATE, T-GATE) “4.1 Burst oscillation”, cf. SWEEP : Item such as frequency is automatically varied. “4.2 Sweep”, cf. MODU (modulation) : Modulated waveform output (FM, AM, OFSM, PM, PWM) “4.3 Modulation”, cf. NOISE : White noise output DC : DC output Operation: The selected oscillation mode is indicated in the STATUS area, which is located to the left of MODE key. When the MODE key is pressed, the MODE key lamp lights, and at the same time, the lamp of every key located to the right of the MODE key lights. To use another oscillation mode (one whose key lamp is already lit), press the key of the mode. Operation example: In this example, first set to DC, then to continuous (NORMAL). ① Press the MODE key, then the DC key to set the DC mode. The DC STATUS lamp lights. ② Press the MODE key, then the NORMAL key to set the NORMAL mode. The NORMAL STATUS lamp lights.

Waveform selection ( FUNCTION Waveform selection is described. Symbols: : Sinewave : Triangular wave : Squarewave (50 % fixed duty) : Squarewave (variable duty) : Rising sawtooth : Descending sawtooth ARB: Arbitrary waveform “4.4 Arbitrary Waveform (ARB)”, cf. Operation: The selected waveform is indicated in the ST ATUS area, which is located to the left of FUNCTION key. When the FUNCTION key is pressed, the FUNCTION key lamp lights, and at the same time, the lamp of every key located to the right of the FUNCTION key lights. The lamp of the selected waveform blinks. To select another waveform (one whose key lamp is already lit), press the key of the waveform. Operation example: In this example, a triangular waveform is selected. ① Press the FUNCTION key, then the key. The STATUS lamp lights ② After selecting, press the EXIT key once to exit the setting mode. Other: In squarewaves (variable duty), pulses may disappear depending on the relations between the cycle and duty when the pulse width falls below 25 ns. For such settings, an error message is displayed. When the pulse width is 100 ns or less, jitter becomes relatively larger compared with the pulse width, and a warning message is displayed. If the pulse width falls below 25 ns, pulses may disappear. If the pulse width falls below 100 ns, jitter becomes relatively larger compared with the pulse width.

If the phase of the squarewaves (fixed duty) or squarewaves (variable duty) is changed, multiple pulses may be output in one cycle, as shown below. If the duty of the squarewaves (variable duty) is changed, multiple pulses may be output in one cycle, as shown below. If the pulse width is larger than 75 ns after the duty is changed, it is possible to suppress the output of multiple pulses in one cycle. Ther efore, set DUTY-VALID to CYCLE. Note, however, that this setting cannot be made if the oscillation mode is SWEEP or MODU. ＩＭＭＥＤＣＹＣＬＥＥＸＰＡＮＤＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ФＳＹＮＣＤＵＴＹ－ＶＡＬＩＤ 4 If DUTY-VALID is set to CYCLE, the set duty will be reflected in the subsequent cycles. Even though DUTY-VALID is set to CYCLE, extra pul ses may be output if the frequency or phase is changed. Operation when DUTY-VALID: IMMED Operation when DUTY-VALID: CYCLE The setting will be reflected at the same time that the duty changes Duty change The setting will be reflected in the subsequent cycles

・ In squarewaves (variable duty), the duty range can be switched to 0.0000% to 100.0000% or to EXPAND. ＩＭＭＥＤＣＹＣＬＥＥＸＰＡＮＤＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ФＳＹＮＣＤＵＴＹ－ＶＡＬＩＤ 4 It is not possible to set CYCLE and EXPAND simultaneously. If DUTY-VALID is set to IMMED or CYCLE, the range in which the duty can be set is 0.0100% to 99.9900%. When the frequency is about 4 kHz or less, pulse losses can be prevented by restricting the duty range to 0.0100% to 99.9900%. The waveform cannot be selected in the following cases. ・ Oscillation mode is NOISE or DC. ・ TYPE is DUTY in SWEEP oscillation mode. ・ TYPE is PWM in MODU oscillation mode.

Frequency setting ( ENTRY → FREQ Frequency (FREQ) setting is described. Operation: Two methods can be used for setting the frequency. (1) Keypad This method is convenient when the frequency has been determined beforehand. For example, set 1 kHz as follows. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the FREQ key. Frequency １０００．００００００００ＨｚＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ Amplitude DC offset ② Press the 1 key, then the k key. If the number was entered incorrectly, press the BS key before pressing the k key. ③ After setting, press the EXIT key to exit the setting mode. (2) Modify dial This is convenient for continuously setting the frequency. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the FREQ key. ② Select the digit to be changed with the and keys. The selected digit flashes. ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to set the digit. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key. Other: ・ The frequency cannot be set in the NOISE or DC oscillation modes. ・ When keys such as k are not being used for industrial units (e.g., 50 Hz), press the ENTER key directly after entering the frequency. “5.2 Units”, cf. ・ The frequency generating period can also be set. “5.1 Convenient Settings (■Frequency [Hz] setting by period [s])”, cf.

Amplitude setting ( ENTRY → AMPTD Amplitude (AMPTD) setting is described. Operation: The amplitude can be set by two methods. (1) Keypad Convenient when the amplitude has been determined beforehand. For example, set 2 Vp-p as follows. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the AMPTD key. The following display is produced. Amplitude ＡＭＰＴＤ０．１０００Ｖｐーｐ１．０００００００００ｋＨｚＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ F r e q u e n c y D C o f f s e t ② Press the 2 key, then the ENTER key. To correct an entry, press the BS key before pressing ENTER key. ③ This completes setting, afterwards, press the EXIT key. (2) Modify dial The amplitude can be changed continuously. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the AMPTD key. ② Select the digit to be changed with the and keys. ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to set the flashing digit. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. Other: ・ When the oscillation mode is DC, the amplitude cannot be set. ・ Units other than Vp-p can also be set. “5.2 Units”, cf. ・ Can also be set by waveform high level and low level. “5.1 Convenient Settings (■Amplitude and DC offset setting by high and low level)”, cf.

DC offset setting ( ENTRY → OFFSET DC offset determines the offset component added to the waveform or the output voltage when the oscillation mode is DC. Setting the DC offset (OFFSET)is described. Operation: Two methods can be used for setting the DC offset. (1) Keypad Convenient when the DC offset has been determined beforehand. For example, set +1 V as follows. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the OFFSET key. The following display is produced. DC offset ＯＦＳ＋０．００００Ｖ１．０００００００００ｋＨｚＡ２．００００Ｖｐ－ｐ／ＯＰＥＮ Frequency Amplitude ② Press the 1 key, then the ENTER key. To correct an entry, press the BS key before pressing ENTER ③ This completes setting, afterwards, press the EXIT key. (2) Modify dial The offset can be changed continuously. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the OFFSET key. ② Select the digit to be changed with the and keys. ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to set the flashing digit. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. Other: ・ Can also be set by waveform high level and low level. “5.1 Convenient Settings (■Amplitude and DC offset setting by high and low level)”, cf.

Phase setting ( ENTRY → PHASE The oscillation starting phase setting for burst and (gated) sweep is described. Operation: Two methods can be used for setting the phase. (1) Keypad Convenient when the phase has been determined beforehand. For example, set 90 degrees as follows. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the PHASE key. The following display is produced. Phase ＰＨＳ０．０００ｄｅｇ１．０００００００００ｋＨｚＡ２．００００Ｖｐ－ｐ／ＯＰＥＮ Frequency Amplitude ② Press keys 9 and 0 , then the ENTER key. To correct an entry, press the BS key before pressing ENTER ③ This completes setting, afterwards, press the EXIT key. (2) Modify dial The phase can be changed continuously. ① Press the ENTRY key, then the PHASE key. ② Select the digit to be changed with the and keys. ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to set the flashing digit. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode.

Output on/off Output on/off setting is described. Operation: ① Press the OUTPUT ON/OFF key. The setting alternates between on and off each time the key is pressed. The lamp lights when on, extinguishes when off.

Operation tree OUTPUT ON/OFF Output on/off MODE Oscillation mode NORMAL BURST SWEEP MODU NOISE DC BURST Menu TYPE (Burst type) [BURST/TRIG/GATE/T-GATE] SOURCE (Trigger/gate source selection) DELAY (Trigger delay) * For TYPE: TRIG MARK (Number of cycles signal present) * For TYPE: BURST/TRIG SPACE (Number of cycles signal not present) * For TYPE: BURST STOP-LEVEL (Stop level) * When the same TYPE is set for both channels BURST Operation MAN TRIG

TYPE (Sweep target) [FREQ/AMPTD/OFFSET/PHASE/DUTY] SOURCE (Trigger source selection) * For MODE: SINGLE/GATED MODE (Sweep mode) [SINGLE/CONT/GATED] FUNCTION (Sweep waveform) [LIN/LOG, / / /SIN] START (Sweep start value) STOP (Sweep end value) TIME (Sweep time) STOP-LEVEL * For MODE: GATED CENTER (Sweep center value) SPAN (Sweep width) MARKER (Marker value) MKR→CTR (Copying of the marker value to the center value) START-STATE STOP-STATE SWEEP Operation START / STOP / PAUSE MODU Menu (Internal modulation) TYPE (Modulation type) [FM/AM/OFSM/PM/PWM] DEVIATION * DEPTH for TYPE: AM FREQ (Modulation frequency) FUNCTION (Modulated waveform) [SIN/ / / / ] MODU Operation START / STOP ENTRY Main operation FREQ / AMPTD / OFFSET / PHASE / DUTY WIDTH / PERIOD / HIGH / LOW * DUTY/WIDTH for FUNCTION:

/ / / / / ARB ARB EDIT Arbitrary waveform menu * For FUNCTION: ARB SELECT (Select arbitrary waveform) NAME (Arbitrary waveform name) EDIT (Edit arbitrary waveform) COPY (Copy arbitrary waveform) MARK-CLEAR (Clear mark) CLEAR (Clear arbitrary waveform) SIZE (Selection of data size of arbitrary waveform) SYSTEM Other operation menus RANGE (Select output range) [AUTO/10V/1V] PRESET (Initialization) USER-UNIT (User-unit menu) TYPE (Setting target) [FREQ/PERIOD/AMPTD/OFFSET/PHASE/DUTY] NAME (Unit name) FORMULA SCALE (Multiplier) OFFSET LOAD (LOAD function) EXT-AM (Selection of external AM) EXT-ADD (Selection of external addition) φ SYNC (Phase synchronization) DUTY-VALID (Duty) POWER-ON (Output state selection at power-on) REMOTE (Remote control menu) INTERFACE ADDRESS/ID (GPIB address/USB ID) DELIMITER (GPIB delimiter) OPTION (Option menu)

STORE (Save setup memory) RECALL (Call setup memory) CLEAR (Clear setup memory) LOCAL (Release remote state) UNDO (Cancel setting) EXIT (Move to menu immediately above) ENTER (Accept input value) Numeric input (keypad) 8 / 9 / M / µ / k / m / BS Numeric modification (Modify) / / MODIFY

・Following is an example of the display when using this section. Fully lighted (bold) Dimly lighted ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ Fully lighted Flashing Dimly lighted (bold)

4.1 Burst oscillation

Burst oscillation (Type: Burst) ( MODE BURST → TYPE : BURST) Burst oscillation (Type: Burst) produces an intermitte nt oscillation at the designated oscillation cycle and stop cycle. Operation is described with reference to an example of producing a waveform output such as indicated in the figure. In this example, the waveform is triangular, the DC offset is set to 0 V, the oscillation start phase is set to 0 degrees, and the frequency and amplitude are set to arbitrarily defined values. Operation: (1) Set the burst oscillation TYPE to BURST. ① Press the MODE key, then the BURST key. ② Use the and keys to select the type (TYPE flashes). ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ③ Press the ENTER key, then produce the following display with the and keys (BURST flashes). ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ④ This sets the burst oscillation type to burst. Press the EXIT key once to exit type setting.

(2) Set MARK cycle ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (MARK flashes). １．０ｃｙｃｌｅＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the mark cycles with the keypad or MODIFY dial (0.5 cycles). In this example, the setting is 2.0 cycles. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to exit mark cycle setting. (3) Set SPACE cycle ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (SPACE flashes) １．０ｃｙｃｌｅＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the space cycles with the keypad or MODIFY dial (0.5 cycles). In this example, the setting is 1.5 cycles. ④ After setting, press EXIT once to exit space cycle setting. (4) Set STOP-LEVEL ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP-LEVEL flashes). ＯＦＦＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ

② Press the ENTER key. Turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display (ON flashes). ＯＮ０．００％ＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ③ Press the key, then set the stop level with the keypad or MODIFY dial. In this example, the setting is 25 %. The stop level is the percentage with respect to the maximum positive (+100 %) and negative (-100 %) amplitude. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. This completes burst oscillation (type: burst) setting. Other:

If the frequency exceeds 5 MHz, mark cycles and space cycles may be unpredictable. If the cycles are undefined, the start phase may be shifted by half a cycle even though the frequency is set to less than 5 MHz. If such a shift occurs, set the continuous oscillation and then the burst oscillation.
Stop level off: Oscillation stops at the phase (set by ENTRY PHASE ) setting (mark cycles more than 1.0 and mark + space cycles are integers). Waveform example of oscillation start phase:-90°, mark waves:2, space waves:1 *Also, by setting an amplitude (Vp-p) 1/2 DC offset or the low level to 0 V, a unipolar waveform can be obtained. “5.1 Convenient Settings (■Amplitude and DC offset setting by high and low level)”, cf.
Burst oscillation setting items (BURST menu) TYPE: BURST MARK (oscillation cycle) [cycle] SPACE (cycle when oscillation stops) [cycle] STOP-LEVEL [OFF, ON[%]] PHASE (phase when oscillation starts) [deg] * ENTRY menu Oscillate 2 waves Stop 1 wave Oscillation start Start phase: -90°

Burst oscillation (Type: Trigger) ( MODE BURST → TYPE : TRIG) Burst oscillation (Type: Trigger) produces an intermittent oscillation output at a designated cycle at each trigger signal. Operation is described with reference to an example of producing a waveform output such as indicated in the figure in response to an external trigger ( The example is a triangular waveform, DC offset 0 V, frequency and amplitude arbitrary. Operation: (1) Set the burst oscillation TYPE to TRIG. ① Press the MODE key, then the BURST key. ② Use the and keys to select the type (TYPE flashes). ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ③ Press the ENTER key, then produce the following display with the and keys (TRIG flashes). ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＴＲＩＧ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＤＥＬＡＹＭＡＲＫ 4 ④ This sets the burst oscillation type to trigger. Press the EXIT key to exit type setting.

(2) Select trigger SOURCE ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (SOURCE flashes). ＥＸＴＴＲＩＧ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＤＥＬＡＹＭＡＲＫ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Press the key, then turn the MODIFY dial to select rising trigger ( ). ( indicates falling trigger). ④ After setting, press EXIT once to release trigger source setting. (3) Set DELAY time ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (DELAY flashes). ０．３μｓＴＲＩＧ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＤＥＬＡＹＭＡＲＫ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the delay time with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 1 ms. ④ After setting, press EXIT once to release delay time setting.

(4) Set MARK cycle ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (MARK flashes). １．０ｃｙｃｌｅＴＲＩＧ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＤＥＬＡＹＭＡＲＫ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. Set the mark cycles with the keypad or MODIFY dial (0.5 cycles). In this example, the setting is 2.0 cycles. ③ After setting, press EXIT once to release mark cycle setting. (5) Set STOP-LEVEL ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP-LEVEL flashes). ＯＦＦＴＲＩＧ：3 ＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ② Press the ENTER key. Turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display (ON flashes). ＯＮ０．００％ＴＲＩＧ：3 ＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ③ Press the key, then set the stop level with the keypad or MODIFY dial. In this example, the setting is -50 %. The stop level is the percentage with respect to the maximum positive (+100 %) and negative (-100 %) amplitude. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode.

(6) Phase setting ① Press the ENTRY key, then the PHASE key ② Set the phase with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set the phase to 90 degrees. ③ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. The above sets burst oscillation (Type: Trigger). Oscillation is produced when a signal ( ) is applied to the TRIG/SWEEP IN connector. Additional information:

Internal trigger : The trigger signal is produced at the rate indicated below for oscillation start/stop. ＩＮＴ１．０００ｍｓＴＲＩＧ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＤＥＬＡＹＭＡＲＫ 4
Stop level off : Oscillation stops at the phase (set by ENTRY PHASE ) setting (mark cycle is integer).
Manual trigger : Press the MAN TRIG key, then set the trigger source to EXT . Operation is based on the logical OR of the external signal, key, and type of remote control (GPIB or USB).
To generate the trigger signal via remote control (GPIB or USB), set the GET command or TRG command from the remote control interface. Also, set the trigger source to EXT . For details of the remote control command, “Remote Control Instruction Manual”, cf.

Oscillation stops at end of a hal f cycle, when gate signal is low level.

Burst oscillation (Type: Trigger) setting items (BURST menu) TYPE: TRIG SOURCE (trigger source) [EXT , EXT , INT [s]] DELAY (trigger delay) [s] MARK (oscillation cycle) [cycle] STOP-LEVEL [OFF, ON[%]] PHASE (phase when oscillation starts) [deg] * ENTRY menu Burst oscillation (Type: Gate) ( MODE BURST → TYPE : GATE) Burst oscillation (Type: Gate) is intermittent with start and stop according to the trigger signal level. Operation is described with reference to an example of producing a waveform output such as indicated in the figure in response to an external gate signal. The example is a triangular waveform, DC offset 0 V, oscillation start phase 0 degrees, frequency and amplitude arbitrary.

Operation: (1) Set burst oscillation TYPE to GATE. ① Press the MODE key, then the BURST key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ③ Press the ENTER key, then produce the following display with the and keys (GATE flashes). ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬ ④ This sets the burst oscillation type for gate. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode. (2) Select gate SOURCE ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (SOURCE flashes). ＥＸＴＬ－ＯＮＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Press the key, then select positive logic (H-ON) with the MODIFY dial. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode.

(3) Set STOP-LEVEL ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP-LEVEL flashes). ＯＦＦＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬ ② Press the ENTER key. Turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display (ON flashes). ＯＮ０．００％ＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬ ③ Press the key, then set the stop level with the keypad or MODIFY dial. In this example, the setting is 0 %. The stop level is the percentage with respect to the maximum positive (+100 %) and negative (-100 %) amplitude. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. The above selects sets burst oscillation (type: gate). Oscillation occurs when a high level signal is applied to the TRIG/SWEEP IN connector. If the connection is open, oscillation continues due to internal pullup. Other settings:

At the above settings, when the waveform is squa rewave, a three squarewave is obtained such as shown in the following figure.
Internal gate source : A 50 % duty gate signal is generated at the following period for oscillation start/stop. ＩＮＴＨ－ＯＮ１．０００ｍｓＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬ (When stop level is off, the oscillation stops at either high or low level.)

Stop level off : Oscillation stops at the half-cycle after gate signal off (i.e., at the phase set by ENTRY PHASE
Manual gate signal : Press the MAN TRIG key. The gate signal is on (i.e., oscillation) while the key is pressed. In this case, set the trigger source for EXT L-ON.
To generate the trigger signal via remote control (GPIB or USB), set the GET command or TRG command from the remote control interface. Also, set the trigger source to EXT L-ON. For details of the remote control command, “Remote Control Instruction Manual”, cf.
Burst oscillation (type: gate) setting items (BURST menu) TYPE: GATE SOURCE (trigger source) [EXT L-ON, EXT H-ON, INT [s] STOP-LEVEL [OFF, ON [%]] PHASE (phase when oscillation starts) [deg] * ENTRY menu

Burst oscillation (Type: Triggered Gate) ( MODE BURST → TYPE : T-GATE) Burst oscillation (Type: Triggered Gate) is intermittent with repeated start and stop at each trigger signal. Operation is described with reference to an example of producing a waveform output such as indicated in the figure in response to an external trigger ( ). The example is a triangular waveform, DC offset 0 V, oscillation start phase 0 degrees, frequency and amplitude arbitrary. Stop level : 100% Trigger signal (TRIG/SWEEP IN) Oscillation starts at trigger Oscillation stops at end of a half cycle, at nex t trigger. Operation: (1) Set burst oscillation TYPE to trig’d gate (T-GATE) ① Press the MODE key, then the BURST key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes) ＢＵＲＳＴＴＲＩＧＧＡＴＥ 4 ＢＵＲＳＴ：ＴＹＰＥＭＡＲＫＳＰＡＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ③ Press ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (T-GATE flashes). 3 Ｔ－ＧＡＴＥＴ－ＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ④ This sets the burst oscillation type for triggered gate. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode.

(2) Select trigger source (SOURCE) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (SOURCE flashes). ＥＸＴＴＲＩＧ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Select rising ( ) using the MODIFY dial. ( indicates falling of the trigger signal) ④ After making a selection, press the EXIT key once to exit the trigger source selection. (3) Set STOP-LEVEL ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP-LEVEL flashes). ＯＦＦＴ－ＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display (ON flashes). ＯＮ０．００％Ｔ－ＧＡＴＥ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＴＯＰ―ＬＥＶＥＬ ④ Press the key, then set the stop level with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 100 %. The stop level is the percentage with respect to the maximum positive (+100 %) and negative ( −100 %) amplitude. ⑤ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. The above sets the burst oscillation (type: triggered gate). Oscillation alternates between start and stop each time a signal ( ) is applied to the TRIG/SWEEP IN connector.

Other settings:

Stop level off : Oscillation stops after the trigger signal is a pplied, at the end of a half cycle (i.e., at the phase set by ENTRY PHASE ) or plus 180 degrees from that phase.
Manual trigger : When a manual trigger signal is desired, press the MAN TRIG key. Oscillation starts and stops each time the key is pressed. However, produce the manual trigger signal after the oscillation has stopped. If oscillation is from an external signal, oscillation will not stop even if the MAN TRIG key is pressed. Oscillation stops during power-on.
To generate the trigger signal via remote control (GPIB or USB), set the GET command or TRG command from the remote control interface. Also, set the trigger source to EXT . For details of the remote control command, “Remote Control Instruction Manual”, cf.
Burst oscillation (type: triggered gate) setting items (BURST menu) TYPE: T-GATE SOURCE (trigger source) [ EXT , EXT ] STOP-LEVEL [OFF, ON[%]] PHASE (phase when oscillation starts) * ENTRY menu

4.2 Sweep

Sweep (Mode: Single) ( MODE SWEEP → MODE : SINGLE) In a Sweep (Mode: Single), oscillation occurs by vary ing parameters such as the frequency and amplitude one time between the start and stop settings. Osc illation continues after the sweep is completed. Operation to produce a waveform output with frequency th at varies linearly and continuously is described. The setting example is a sinewave with arbitrary amplitude and DC offset. Operation: (1) Set sweep MODE to SINGLE ① Press the MODE key, then the SWEEP key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (MODE flashes). ＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＯＮＴＧＡＴＥＤＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ③ Press ENTER , then use the and keys to produce the following display (SINGLE flashes). ＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＯＮＴＧＡＴＥＤＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ④ This sets the sweep mode for single. Press the EXIT key once to release mode select.

(2) Set the sweep TYPE to FREQ ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＲＥＱＡＭＰＴＤＯＦＦＳＥＴ 4 Ｆ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ② Press ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). ＦＲＥＱＡＭＰＴＤＯＦＦＳＥＴ 4 Ｆ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ③ This sets the sweep type for frequency. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode. (3) Select sweep FUNCTION ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＬＩＮＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴＳＴＯＰ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Press the key, then select with the MODIFY dial. ④ After selecting, press the EXIT key once to release the function select mode.

(4) Set START frequency ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (START flashes). １０００．００００００００ＨｚＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴＳＴＯＰ 4 ② Press ENTER key. ③ Set the start frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 100 Hz. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the start frequency setting mode. (5) Set STOP frequency ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP flashes). １００００．００００００００ＨｚＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴＳＴＯＰ 4 ② Press ENTER key. ③ Set the stop frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 1000 Hz. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the stop frequency setting mode.

(6) Set sweep TIME ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (TIME flashes). １．０００ｓＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＴＩＭＥＣＥＮＴＥＲＳＰＡＮ 4 ② Press ENTER key. ③ Set the sweep time with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 3 seconds. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the sweep time setting mode. (7) Sweep operation ① Sweep starts when the START key is pressed. When sweep is started, an existing output frequency is quickly changed to the start frequency. If desiring to set the start frequency output beforehand, press the STOP key. The output quickly changes to the start frequency, then sweeps to the stop frequency in 3 seconds (in this example). Oscillation then continues at the stop frequency. When the START key is again pressed, sweep begins at the stop frequency and ends at the start frequency.

Other operations:

Sweep stop : Press the STOP key. When sweep is stopped at the stop value at single sweep end or during sweep, press the STOP key to set the start value.
Sweep pause : Press the PAUSE key. Again press the PAUSE key to resume sweep.
Single sweep operation examples
Dead time and trigger delay : Triggers input within 100 ms of co mpletion of the last sweep are ignored. The trigger delay for the first sweep afte r power-on or a parameter change is 40 ms. Otherwise, it is 2 ms. Power-on or a sweep parameter setting change Stop value Dead time = 100 ms Start value TriggerTrigger Triggers during dea d time are ignored. 40ms 2ms
External sweep start : Set the sweep trigger source to EXT a nd select rising or falling. Supply an external signal to the front panel TRIG/S WEEP IN connector. However, note that retrigger cannot be applied for 100 ms after sweep start. During a sweep, the sweep restarts if a trigger is input. ＥＸＴＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4
External sweep pause : Supply a low level signal to the rear pa nel SWEEP PAUSE IN connector. Note that sweep restarts at high level or open input.

FUNCTION determines the sweep type. : For example, provides step-type change of output (e.g., frequency) at the sweep time halfway point. LIN/LOG provides linear or logarithmic varia tion of the output with respect to the time axis. i i i iSIN ( ) LIN LOG LIN LOG LIN LOG
Internal sweep trigger source : The trigger signal is generated at the following rate, then sweep is conducted. However, the trigger interval is 100 ms even if set to less. ＩＮＴ１００．０ｍｓＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4
START-STATE and STOP-STATE : Respectively set the output to start and stop values. Since the sweep auxiliary output becomes the respective start and stop states, the full scale of the recorder can be adjusted and the state of external equipment can be checked. The Start-State is the same as pressing the STOP key (during single sweep). Relation ship between sweep values and sweep auxiliary output "4.2 Sweep ( ■Sweep value and Z-MARKER/SYNC/ X- DRIVE outputs)", cf.
Sweep type set to duty : Output waveform fixed to squarewave (variable duty) and waveform (Function) cannot be selected. During sweep, multiple pulses may be produced within 1 period output as indicated in the figure.
To generate the trigger signal via remote control (GPIB or USB), set the TRG command from the remote control interface. For details of the remote control command, “Remote Control Instruction Manual”, cf. Trigger rate

Sweep (Mode: Continuous) ( MODE SWEEP → MODE : CONT) In a Sweep (Mode: Continuous), oscillation occurs by varying parameters such as the frequency and amplitude continuously between the start and stop settings. Operation is described for producing a waveform output with linear and continuously frequency. The waveform is a sinewave with arbitrary Amplitude and DC offset. Start amplitude: 1Vp-p Stop amplitude: 2Vp-p Sweep time: 2 seconds Operation: (1) Set sweep MODE to continuous (CONT) ① Press the MODE key, then the SWEEP key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (MODE flashes). ＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＯＮＴＧＡＴＥＤＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ③ Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (CONT flashes). ＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＯＮＴＧＡＴＥＤＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＭＯＤＥＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴ 4 ④ This completes setting the sweep mode to continuous. Press the EXIT key once to release the setting mode.

(2) Set sweep TYPE to amplitude (AMPTD) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＲＥＱＡＭＰＴＤＯＦＦＳＥＴ 4 Ｆ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＭＯＤＥＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (AMPTD flashes). ＦＲＥＱＡＭＰＴＤＯＦＦＳＥＴ 4 Ａ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＭＯＤＥＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴ 4 ③ This completes setting the sweep type to amplitude. Press the EXIT key once to release the setting mode. (3) Select the sweep FUNCTION ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＬＩＮＡ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＭＯＤＥＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Press the key, then turn the MODIFY dial to select . ④ After selecting, press the EXIT key once to release the function select mode.

(4) Set the START amplitude (START) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (START flashes). ＡＭＰＴＤ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＡ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＭＯＤＥＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the start amplitude with the key pad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 1 Vp-p. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the start setting mode. (5) Set the STOP amplitude (STOP) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP flashes). ＡＭＰＴＤ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＡ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＳＴＯＰＴＩＭＥＣＥＮＴＥＲＳＰＡＮ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the stop amplitude with the key pad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 2Vp-p. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the stop setting mode.

(6) Set the sweep TIME ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (TIME flashes). １．０００ｓＡ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＳＴＯＰＴＩＭＥＣＥＮＴＥＲＳＰＡＮ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the sweep time with the key pad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 2 seconds. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the sweep time setting mode. (7) Sweep operation ① Press the START key, then sweep starts. The output quickly changes to the sweep start amplitude. If desiring to set the start amplitude output beforehand, press the STOP key. Other operations:

Sweep stop : Press the STOP key. This becomes the sweep start value.
Sweep pause : Press the PAUSE key. To resume sweep, again press the PAUSE key.
External pause : Supply a low level signal to the rear panel SWEEP PAUSE IN connector. Note that sweep restarts at high level or open input
FUNCTION : The function determines the sweep type. For example, provides step-type change of output (e.g., frequency) at the sweep time halfway point. LIN/LOG provides linear or logarithmic variation of the output with respect to the time axis. i i i iSIN ( ) LIN LOG LIN LOG LIN LOG

START-STATE and STOP-STATE : Respectively set the output start and stop values. Since the sweep auxiliary output becomes the respective start and stop states, the full scale of the recorder can be adjusted and the state of external equipment can be checked. The Start-State is the same as pressing the STOP key (during single sweep). Relation ship between sweep va lues and sweep auxiliary output "4.2 Sweep ( ■Sweep value and Z-MARKER/SYNC/ X- DRIVE outputs)", cf.
Sweep type set to duty : Output waveform fixed to squarewave (variable duty) and waveform (Function) cannot be selected. During sweep, multiple pulses may be produced within 1 period output as indicated in the figure.

Sweep (Mode: Gated) ( MODE SWEEP → MODE : GATED) In a Sweep (Mode: Gated), oscillation occurs by vary ing parameters such as the frequency and amplitude one time between the start and stop settings. Oscilla tion stops before the sweep starts and when the sweep is completed. Operation to produce a waveform output with frequency th at varies in step form and oscillation stops is described. The setting example is a sinewave with arbitrary amplitude and DC offset 0. Operation: (1) Set sweep MODE to GATED ① Press the MODE key, then the SWEEP key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (MODE flashes). ＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＯＮＴＧＡＴＥＤＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ③ Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (GATED flashes). ＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＯＮＴＧＡＴＥＤＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ④ This completes setting the sweep mode to gated. Press the EXIT key once to release the setting mode.

(2) Set sweep TYPE to FREQ ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＲＥＱＡＭＰＴＤＯＦＦＳＥＴ 4 Ｆ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). ＦＲＥＱＡＭＰＴＤＯＦＦＳＥＴ 4 Ｆ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4 ③ This completes setting the sweep type to frequency. Press the EXIT key once to release the setting mode. (3) Select the sweep FUNCTION ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＬＩＮＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴＳＴＯＰ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Press the key, then select with the MODIFY dial ④ After selecting, press the EXIT key once to release the function select mode.

(4) Set the START frequency ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (START flashes). １０００．００００００００ＨｚＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴＳＴＯＰ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 100 Hz. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the start frequency setting mode. (5) Set the STOP frequency ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP flashes). １００００．００００００００ＨｚＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮＳＴＡＲＴＳＴＯＰ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 200 Hz. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the stop frequency setting mode.

(6) Set the sweep TIME ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (TIME flashes). １．０００ｓＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＴＩＭＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬＣＥＮＴＥＲ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the sweep time with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 3 seconds. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the sweep time setting mode. (7) Set the STOP-LEVEL ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (STOP-LEVEL flashes). ＯＦＦＦ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＴＩＭＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬＣＥＮＴＥＲ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display (ON flashes). ＯＮ０．００％Ｆ－ＳＷＰ：3 ＴＩＭＥＳＴＯＰ－ＬＥＶＥＬＣＥＮＴＥＲ 4 ④ Press the key, then set the stop level with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 50 %. The stop level is a percentage with respect to the maximum positive and negative amplitudes taken respectively as +100 % and -100 %. ⑤ After setting, press the EXIT key to exit stop level setting.

(8) Start sweep ① Press the START key. In this example, sweep ends after 3 sec onds and oscillation stops. Again press the START key to sweep from the stop to the start frequency.

Other operations:

Sweep stop : Press the STOP key. Oscillation stops. When sweep is stopped at gated sweep end or during sweep, press the STOP key to set the start value. (Oscillation stops)
Sweep pause : Press the PAUSE key. To resume sweep, again press the PAUSE key.
Gated sweep operation examples
External start : Change the sweep trigger source to EXT a nd select rising or falling. Supply an external signal to the front panel TR IG/SWEEP IN connector. Observe that retrigger is not accepted for 100 ms after sweep start. ＥＸＴＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4
External sweep pause : Supply a low level signal to the rear panel SWEEP PAUSE IN connector. Note that sweep restarts at high level or open input
FUNCTION : The function determines the sweep type. For example, provides step-type change of output (e.g., frequency) at the sweep time halfway point. LIN/LOG provides linear or logarithmic variation of the output with respect to the time axis. i i i iSIN ( ) LIN LOG LIN LOG LIN LOG

Internal trigger source : The internal trigger signal is produced at the rate indicated below. Even is set to less than 100 ms, the trigger is applied only at 100 ms intervals. ＩＮＴ１００．０ｍｓＦ－ＳＷＰ：ＴＹＰＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＭＯＤＥ 4
START-STATE and STOP-STATE : Set output to start and stop values, respectively. Both START-STATE and STOP-STATE oscillation can be conducted together with a gated sweep. Since sweep synchronization output becomes the respective start and stop states, full-scale adjustments of the recorder and the status of external equipment can be checked. "4.2 Sweep ( ■Sweep value and Z-MARKER/SYNC/ X- DRIVE outputs)", cf.
Sweep type set to duty : Output waveform fixed to squarewave (variable duty) and waveform (Function) cannot be selected. During sweep, multiple pulses may be produced within 1 period output as indicated in the figure.
If the frequency is low and the sweep rest period short, in some cases, oscillation may not stop immediately at the end of sweep.
When an amplitude sweep is set with 0 as the star t or stop values and the sweep function is set with LOG / LOG / LOG , "SETTING CONFLICT 001" is displayed continuously during a short trigger cycle and the menu may not be displaye d. In such cases, switch the trigger source, or stop input to the SWEEP PAUSE IN connector. Trigger rate

CENTER, SPAN, MARKER, MKR → CTR

Center is the sweep center value, while span is the range setting. The relationship among center, span, start and stop is as follows. Values cannot be entered for CENTER and SPAN, however , if the sweep type is set from a user unit that has the log function.
When start is changed: Stop does not change. CENTER = (START+STOP) ÷ 2 SPAN = |START −STOP|
When stop is changed: Start does not change. CENTER = (START + STOP) ÷ 2 SPAN = |START − STOP|
When center is changed: Span does not change. START = CENTER −/+ (SPAN ÷ 2) STOP = CENTER +/ − (SPAN ÷ 2)
When span is changed: Center does not change. START = CENTER − /+ (SPAN ÷ 2) STOP = CENTER +/ − (SPAN ÷ 2)
A value that changes the SWEEP Z-MARKER OUT signal is set for MARKER.
MKR→CTR copies the marker value to the center value.

Summary of the sweep setting items

The following summarizes the items that need to be set during a sweep operation (in the SWEEP menu). TYPE (sweep target) [FREQ, AMPTD, OFFSET, PHASE, DUTY] SOURCE (trigger source) [EXT , EXT , INT [s] * Set when the sweep mode is SINGLE or GATED MODE (sweep mode) [SINGLE, CONT, GATED] FUNCTION (sweep waveform) [LIN , LOG , , LIN SIN, LOG SIN, LIN , LOG ] START (sweep start value)/STOP (sweep stop value) or Sweep range setting CENTER (sweep center value)/SPAN (sweep width) TIME (sweep time) [s] STOP-LEVEL Set when the sweep mode is GATED PHASE (phase when oscillation starts) * main menu MARKER (Marker value) MKR→CTR (Copying of the marker value to the center value)
Sweep operations
Main operation START (sweep start) STOP (sweep end/sweep start state) *For subsequent operation when the sweep has been completed, the state is reset to the sweep start state. PAUSE (sweep pause/restart)
In the SWEEP menu START-STATE (sweep start state) STOP-STATE (sweep stop state)

Sweep (modulation) steps and step width Sweep and modulation outputs are changed by software. Methods for estimating sweep, modulation step number (number of output changes between start and stop values) and step width (variation width per change) are indicated below. Sweep is described here. For modulation, replace sweep function with modulation waveform, sweep type with modulation type, and sweep time with modulation period, respectively. The modulation period is determined as follows. When the waveform is SIN, , , : Modulation period = 1 ÷ (Modulation frequency × 2) When the waveform is , : Modulation period = 1 ÷ Modulation frequency

Step number derivation (1) Sweep function is step ( ): Step number = Sweep time [s] × 10000 (raise up, even number *1) (2) Sweep function is other than step and sweep type is frequency: ① Sweep time is 25 ms and below: Step number = Sweep time [s] × 10000 ② Sweep time is more than 25 to 31.25 ms and below: Step number = 250 (fixed) ③ Sweep time is more than 31.25 ms: Step number = Sweep time [s] × 8000 (3) Sweep function is other than step and sweep type is other than frequency: ① Sweep time is 50 ms and below: Step number = Sweep time [s] × 10000 ② Sweep time is more than 50 to 62.5 ms and below: Step number = 250 (fixed) ③ Sweep time is more than 62.5 ms: Step number = Sweep time [s] × 8000 *1: If raising up results in odd number, -1.

Deriving step width During linear sweep, step width = ――――――― During logarithmic sweep, step width = log10 -1 [log10 ――― ÷ (step no. -1)] Step width during log sweep changes with step progression. The marker output is synchronized with the sweep step output. The difference between marker setting and actual output is ± step width. Span Step number -1 stop start

Sweep value and Z-MARKER/SYNC/X-DRIVE outputs ◆ is approx. 100 to 125 µs

4.3 Modulation

Frequency modulation (FM) ( MODE MODU → TYPE : FM) Operation to produce a frequency modulated waveform output is described. The example is a sinewave, 1 kHz, amplitude and DC offset arbitrary. Operation: (1) Set modulation TYPE to frequency (FM) ① Press the MODE key, then the MODU key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (FM flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ④ This sets the modulation type for frequency. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode.

(2) Set the frequency DEVIATION ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (DEVIATION flashes). １０００．００００００００ＨｚＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the deviation with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 500 Hz. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to exit frequency deviation setting. (3) Set the modulation FREQ ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). １００．００ＨｚＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 50 Hz (20 ms). ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the modulation setting mode. (4) Select the modulation waveform (FUNCTION) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＳＩＮＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ

② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (SIN flashes). ＳＩＮＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ After making a selection, press the EXIT key to exit function setting. The above completes frequency modulation setting. Other operations:

When the oscillation mode is changed to modulation (MODU), modulation occurs at the setting at that time point. To stop modulation: Press the STOP key. Resume modulation by pressing the START key.
Setting items at frequency modulation (MODU menu) TYPE: FM DEVIATION (frequency deviation) [Hz] FREQ (modulation frequency) [Hz] FUNCTION (modulation waveform) [SIN, , , , ]

Amplitude modulation (AM) ( MODE MODU → TYPE : AM) Operation to produce an AM waveform output is described below. The example is a sinewave, 1800 Hz, amplitude 1.5 Vp-p and DC offset 0 V. Operation: (1) Set modulation TYPE to amplitude (AM) ① Press the MODE key, then the MODU key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (AM flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＰＴＨＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ④ This sets the modulation type for amplitude. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode.

(2) Set modulation DEPTH (width of amplitude variance) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (DEPTH flashes). ５０．０％ＡＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＰＴＨＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Use the keypad or MODIFY dial to set the modulation depth. For example, set to 33 %. ④ Press the EXIT key once to release the modulation depth setting mode (3) Set the modulation FREQ (frequency with varying amplitude) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). １００．００ＨｚＡＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＰＴＨＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Use the keypad or MODIFY dial to set the modulation frequency. For example, set to 200 Hz (5ms). ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the modulation frequency setting mode.

(4) Select modulation waveform (FUNCTION) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＳＩＮＡＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＰＴＨＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (SIN flashes). ＳＩＮＡＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＰＴＨＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ After selecting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. The above completes amplitude modulation setting. Other operations:

When the oscillation mode is changed to modulation (MODU), modulation occurs at the setting at that time point.
To stop modulation : Press the STOP key. Resume modulation by pressing the START key.
Amplitude setting vs. maximum or minimum amplitudes : Max. amplitude = Amplitude setting ÷ 2 (1 + (depth [%] ÷ 100)) Min. amplitude = Amplitude setting ÷ 2 (1 − (depth [%] ÷ 100))
At 0 % depth, the output amplitude is 1/2 the setting. At 100 % depth, the output amplitude is the same as the setting.
Setting items at amplitude modulation (MODU menu) TYPE: AM DEPTH (modulation depth) [%] FREQ (modulation frequency) [Hz] FUNCTION (modulation waveform) [SIN, , , , ]

DC offset modulation (OFSM) ( MODE MODU → TYPE : OFSM) Operation to produce a DC offset modulated waveform output is described below. The example refers to a sinewave, 2 kHz, amplitude 1 Vp-p and DC offset 0 V. Operation: (1) Set modulation TYPE to DC offset (OFSM) ① Press the MODE key, then the MODU key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (OFSM flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＯＦＳＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱ 4 ④ This sets the modulation type for DC offset. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode.

(2) Set the DC offset DEVIATION ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (DEVIATION flashes). ＋０．２０００ＶＯＦＳＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the deviation with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 0.3 V. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the deviation setting mode. (3) Set the modulation FREQ ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). １００．００ＨｚＯＦＳＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱ 4 ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 250 Hz (4 ms). ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the modulation frequency setting mode.

(4) Select modulation waveform (FUNCTION) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＳＩＮＯＦＳＭ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (SIN flashes). ＳＩＮＯＦＳＭ：3 ＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ After selecting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. The above completes DC offset modulation setting. Other operations:

Amplitude setting vs. maximum amplitudes : Max. amplitude = Amplitude setting + DC offset deviation
When the oscillation mode is changed to modulation (MODU), modulation occurs at the setting at that time point. To stop modulation : Press the STOP key. Resume modulation by pressing the START key.
Setting items at DC offset deviation (MODU menu) TYPE: OFSM DEVIATION (dc offset deviation) [V] FREQ (modulation frequency) [Hz] FUNCTION (modulation waveform) [SIN, , , , ]

Phase modulation (PM) ( MODE MODU → TYPE : PM) Operation to produce a phase modulated waveform output is described below. The example is a sinewave, 1 kHz, DC offset 0 V, phase and amplitude arbitrary. Operation: (1) Set modulation TYPE to phase (PM) ① Press the MODE key, then the MODU key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (PM flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＰＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ④ This sets the modulation type for phase. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode.

(2) Set the phase DEVIATION ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (DEVIATION flashes). ９０．０００ｄｅｇＰＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the deviation with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 45 degrees. ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to exit phase deviation setting. (3) Set the modulation FREQ ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). １００．００ＨｚＰＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key. ③ Set the frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 200 Hz (5 ms). ④ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the modulation frequency setting mode.

(4) Select the modulation waveform (FUNCTION) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＳＩＮＰＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display ( flashes). ＳＩＮＰＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ After selecting, press the EXIT key to release the function setting mode. The above completes phase modulation setting. Other operations:

When the oscillation mode is changed to modulation (MODU), modulation occurs at the setting at that time point. To stop modulation : Press the STOP key. Resume modulation by pressing the START key.
Setting items at phase modulation (MODU menu) TYPE: PM DEVIATION (phase deviation) [deg] FREQ (modulation frequency) [Hz] FUNCTION (modulation waveform) [SIN, , , , ]

Pulse width modulation (PWM) ( MODE MODU → TYPE : PWM) Operation to produce a pulse width modulated waveform output is described below. The example is a squarewave (duty variable), duty 50 %, frequency 800 Hz, amplitude and DC offset arbitrary. Operation: (1) Set modulation TYPE to pulse width (PWM) ① Press the MODE key, then the MODU key. ② Use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＦＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (PWM flashes). ＦＭＡＭＯＦＳＭＰＭＰＷＭＰＷＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ④ This sets the modulation type for pulse width. Press the EXIT key once to release the type setting mode. The waveform is automatically set to squarewave (variable duty) during PWM. The waveform (FUNCTION) cannot be selected.

(2) Set the pulse width DEVIATION (amount of pulse-width variance) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (DEVIATION flashes). ２０．００００％ＰＷＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key, then set the deviation with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 80 %. ③ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the pulse with deviation setting mode. (3) Set the modulation FREQ (frequency with varying pulse-width) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). １００．００ＨｚＰＷＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key. Set the frequency with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 50 Hz (20 ms). ③ After setting, press the EXIT key once to release the modulation frequency setting mode.

(4) Select modulation waveform (FUNCTION) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FUNCTION flashes). ＳＩＮＰＷＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (SIN flashes). ＳＩＮＰＷＭ：ＴＹＰＥＤＥＶＩＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＥＱＦＵＮＣＴＩＯＮ ③ After selecting, press the EXIT key to release the setting mode. The above completes pulse width modulation setting. Other operations:

When the oscillation mode is changed to modulation (MODU), modulation occurs at the setting at that time point.
To stop modulation : Press the STOP key. Resume modulation by pressing the START key.
Duty setting vs. maximum or minimum duties : Max. duty = Duty setting + (pulse width deviation [%] ÷ 2) Min. duty = Duty setting − (pulse width deviation [%] ÷ 2)
During sweep, multiple pulses may be produced within 1 period output as indicated in the figure.
Setting items at pulse width modulation (MODU menu) TYPE: PWM DEVIATION (pulse width deviation) [%] FREQ (modulation frequency) [Hz] FUNCTION (modulation waveform) [SIN, , , , ]

4.4 Arbitrary Waveform

Arbitrary waveform (ARB) ( FUNCTION ARB Operation using arbitrary waveform (ARB) to pr oduce a sinewave with clipped peak output is described. Operation: (1) Set waveform to arbitrary (ARB) ① Press the FUNCTION key, then the ARB key. (2) Select an arbitrary waveform to be edited/output (SELECT). ① Press the FUNCTION key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (SELECT flashes). ０：ＡＲＢ＿００１：ＡＲＢ＿０１ 4 ＡＲＢ：ＳＥＬＥＣＴＮＡＭＥＥＤＩＴＣＯＰＹ 4 ② Press the ENTRY key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (1:ARB_01 flashes). ０：ＡＲＢ＿００１：ＡＲＢ＿０１ 4 ＡＲＢ：ＳＥＬＥＣＴＮＡＭＥＥＤＩＴＣＯＰＹ 4 ③ This completes the selection of an arbitrary wa veform (No. 1 is selected here). Press the EXIT key one time to release the arbitrary waveform selection mode. Waveform data Waveform data

(3) Copy the waveform, for example, sinewave ① Press the ARB EDIT key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (COPY flashes). ＳＩＮＡＲＢ：ＳＥＬＥＣＴＮＡＭＥＥＤＩＴＣＯＰＹ 4 ② Press ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (SIN flashes). ＳＩＮＡＲＢ：ＳＥＬＥＣＴＮＡＭＥＥＤＩＴＣＯＰＹ 4 ③ Press ENTER key to copy the sinewave.

(4) Edit the waveform, for example, peak clip ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (EDIT flashes). Waveform address Waveform data ＡＤ：００００ＤＴ：＋０００００ＡＲＢ：ＳＥＬＥＣＴＮＡＭＥＥＤＩＴＣＯＰＹ 4 ② Press ENTER key, then the key (AD digit flashes). ＡＤ：００００ＤＴ：＋０００００ＡＲＢ：ＳＥＬＥＣＴＮＡＭＥＥＤＩＴＣＯＰＹ 4 ③ Set the waveform address (AD) with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to 1024. ④ Press the m key to produce the following display (the asterisk (*) is displayed). ＡＤ：１０２４ＤＴ：＋２３１７０＊ＡＲＢ：ＳＥＬＥＣＴＮＡＭＥＥＤＩＴＣＯＰＹ 4 * is interpolation type mark and indicates the linear interpolation type address. The mark appears and extinguishes each time the m key is pressed. ⑤ Next, use above steps ③ and ④ to set the interpolation mark (*) to waveform address 3072.

⑥ Press the k key for linear interpolation. In this exam ple, the first half of the sinewave is clipped ( ). The waveform data (DT) change as a result of linear interpolation between the starred addresses. ⑦ Press the EXIT key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (MARK-CLEAR flashes). １：ＡＲＢ＿０１ＡＲＢ：3 ＭＡＲＫ－ＣＬＥＡＲＣＬＥＡＲＳＩＺＥ Press the ENTER key twice to clear the interpolation marks from addresses 1024 and 3072. ⑧ In the same manner as above steps ① to ⑥, clip the first half of a sinewave (set interpolation marks at 5120 and 7168). The above completes arbitrary waveform setting.

Other operations:

Arbitrary waveform data input: ARB EDIT → EDIT select → ENTER flashes the waveform data (DT) digits. Use the keypad or MODIFY dial to set the data. Data upper and lower limits are +32767 and −32768, which correspond to the amplitude peak-to-peak settings. For this reason, when the waveform ve rtical limits are changed by the above type of method, the amplitude setting (Vp-p) and the actual output waveform Vp-p do not coincide. The data set addresses are automatically the linear interpolation addresses (the * mark is displayed).
Clear (to 0) waveform data: ARB EDIT → CLEAR select → ENTER , then again press ENTER . The interpolation marks (*) are also cleared.
Apply a name to an arbitrary waveform: ARB EDIT → NAME select → ENTER , then use the MODIFY dial to select the characters. Shift position with and , and input. Up to 8 characters can be input. Following are the usable characters. abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz (space) ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRST UVWXYZ0123456789
Change the waveform data size: ARB EDIT → SIZE select → ENTER → Use and to select the data size Relation between the waveform data size and number of waveforms Data size Waveform number Number of waveforms 8K (8192) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 16K (16384) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 32K (32768) 0 1 2 3 64K (65536) 0 1 The output waveform changes as described below when the waveform data size is changed. If, for example, the waveform data size is changed from 16 KB to 8 KB when there is a waveform like for waveform number 0, is assigned to waveform number 0 and to waveform number 1.

4.5 Selecting waveforms of synchronous signals (SYNC OUT)

This section describes the switching of SYNC OUT waveforms. Procedure ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (The lower SYNC OUT flashes). ＳＴＡＴＥ：ＰＨＡＳＥＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＳＹＮＣＯＵＴＰＯＷＥＲ－ＯＮＲＥＭＯＴＥ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to set the SYNC OUT waveform. ③ After setting, press the EXIT key to release the SYNC OUT waveform setting mode. When the oscillation mode is BURST

STATE: Low level during oscillation. High level while stopped.
PHASE: For squarewaves (variable duty), the same waveform as that for FUNCTION OUT. For other cases, high level while between 0 and 180 degrees of the waveform in the oscillation period, and low level while between 180 and 360 degrees. Oscillating Stopped FUNCTION OUT SYNC OUT SYNC OUT: STATE SYNC OUT SYNC OUT: PHASE

4.5 Switching waveforms of synchronous signals (SYNC OUT)

When the oscillation mode is SWEEP

STATE: Low level while sweeping from the start va lue to the stop value or stopped. Otherwise, high level.
PHASE: For squarewaves (variable duty), the same waveform as that for FUNCTION OUT. Otherwise, high level while between 0 and 180 degrees of the waveform, and low level while between 180 and 360 degrees. Sweeping FUNCTION OUT SYNC OUT SYNC OUT: STATE SYNC OUT SYNC OUT: PHASE When the oscillation mode is MODU
STATE: STATE: Low level while executing m odulation and between 180 and 360 degrees of the modulated waves. Otherwise, high level.
PHASE: For squarewaves (variable duty), the same waveform as that for FUNCTION OUT. Otherwise, high level while between 0 and 180 degrees of the modulated waves, and low level while between 180 and 360 degrees. Modulation execution FUNCTION OUT SYNC OUT SYNC OUT: STATE SYNC OUT SYNC OUT: PHASE

4.5 Output waveforms for sweeping and modulation

Additional information:

For and (fixed duty) at frequencies over 100 kHz, if SYNC OUT is set to PHASE, output becomes the waveform which applied the anal og signal of a sinewave to the comparator. For this reason, the output level (high or low) may be undefined at 0, 180, and 360 degrees (±2 degrees, approximately). In particular, note that when the oscillation mode is switched during a burst or gated sweep while oscillation is stopped, the output level may vary or the waveform may become glitch-shaped. If a precise output level is required while oscillation is stopped, shift the phase setting. For example, setting the phase at + 90 degrees shifts the output level to the high level while oscillation is stopped. 0° 180° 360° (=0°) Approximately ±2 degrees Phase (ideal value) SYNC OUT The shaded sections represent an undefined output level.

4.6 Output waveforms for sweeping and modulation

The setup values for sweeping and modulation are updated every 100 to 252 µs. Thus, if the sweep time is short or the modulation frequency is high, the amount of change for updating increases, leading to marked discontinuities. If the sweep function (modulated waves) is , , or , discontinuities become conspicuous in some of the stepwise variations. Since the setup values vary enormously in some of th e stepwise variations, discontinuities are generated. If such discontinuities are removed, the remaining variations have the appearance shown below. If, as an extreme example, the oscillation frequency is 1 kHz, the sweep time is 4 ms, the start phase is 180 degrees, the stop phase is -180 de grees, and the sweep function is in the phase sweep, the phase shifts about 26 degrees every 100 µs, producing the following output waveforms. Discontinuities are generated not only by , but also by , , and . Since the phase changes at intervals of 100 to 252 µs, discontinuities are generated The phase is swept Waveform when swept Waveform when not sweptUpdate interval 100 to 252 µs

Since the squarewaves (fixed duty) and squarewaves (variable duty) are generated differently from other waveforms, extra pulses are produced. Similarly, extra pulses are also produced by phase modulation, duty sweep, and PWM. Update interval 100 to 252 µs If the sweep function (FUNCTION) is triangular and the change rate o f phase is large Output waveform Extra pulses are produced The occurrence frequency when the sweep function is , , or is roughly given by the following formula: If, for example, the frequency is 1 kHz, the phase span is 90 degrees, and the sweep time is 100 ms, an extra pulse is generated every 400 cycles on average. O c c u r r e n c e f r e q u e n c y [ % ] = × 100 360 × oscillation frequency [Hz] × sweep time [s] phase span [deg]

4.7 Equivalent noise bandwidth

The density of noise generated by the WF1945B is as shown in the following figure (a) "Frequency characteristics of noise generated by the WF1945B." The effective values (rms) of (a) are equal to those of white noise in the figure (b) "Frequency characteristics of white noise," that follows. This equivalent bandwid th (500 kHz) is called the equivalent noise bandwidth. (a) Frequency characteristics of noise generated by the WF1945B (b) Frequency characteristics of white noise 500kHz Noise density [V/ Hz ] Noise density [V/ Hz ] About 320 kHz -3dB Frequency Frequency Effective values are equal

Section 5 Other Operations ・Following is a typical example of the display panel indications used in this Section. F u l l y l i g h t e d ( b o l d ) D i m l y l i g h t e d ＦＲＥＱＰＥＲＩＯＤＡＭＰＴＤ 4 ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ：ＴＹＰＥＮＡＭＥＦＯＲＭＵＬＡ 4 F u l l y l i g h t e d ( b o l d ) F l a s h i n g Dimly lighted

5.1 Convenient Settings

Frequency [Hz] setting by period [s] ( ENTRY PERIOD ) Operation is described for setting the waveform repetition rate not in frequency (Hz) but as period (s). Operation: ① Press the ENTRY key, then the PERIOD key to produce the following display. Ｐ０．００１０００００００００ｓＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ ② Set the period with the keypad or MODIFY dial. Other: The period setting is frequency with the reciprocal less than 0.01 µHz, the number should be rounded off. Thus, the setting tolerance is large when the frequency setting digits are fewer (period longer). In this situation, even if setting is changed by the keypad or MODIFY dial, the actual oscillation period does not change in some cases.

Squarewave duty setting ( ENTRY → DUTY Operation to set the squarewave duty is described. The setting changes the width (%) of the pulse with respect to the overall waveform ( portion indicated by arrows). Select squarewave ( variable duty). Operation: ① Press the ENTRY key, then the DUTY key to produce the following display. ＤＵＴＹ５０．００００％１０００．０００００００ＨｚＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐ／ＯＰＥＮ ② Set the duty with the keypad or MODIFY dial. Other:

The table indicates the effects on other parameters when the frequency, period, width or duty is changed. Change Frequency (FREQ) Period (PERIOD) Pulse width (WIDTH) Duty (DUTY) Frequency (FREQ) Changed Changed Unchanged Period (PERIOD) Changed Unchanged Changed Pulse width (WIDTH) Unchanged Unchanged Changed Duty (DUTY) Unchanged Unchanged Changed
Due to the oscillation period and duty relationship, the pulse can be lost when the actual pulse width is less than 25 ns. An error message is displayed at this type of setting. Also, jitter increases when the pulse width is less than 100 ns. A warning message is displayed at this type of setting.
The actual waveform duty resolution is [oscillation frequency] ÷ [approx. 40 MHz] (0.00001 % at minimum). When the stop level is on, the minimum actual waveform duty resolution is approximately 0.003 %.
For other notes, see "■Waveform selection " in Section 3.3, "Basic operation."

Squarewave pulse width setting ( ENTRY WIDTH ) Operation to set the squarewave pulse width is described. The setting changes the width of the pulse (portion indicated by arrows ). Select squarewave ( variable duty). Operation: ① Press the ENTRY key, then the WIDTH key to produce the following display. Ｗ０．０００５０００００ｓＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ ② Set the width with the keypad or MODIFY dial. Other:

The table indicates the effects on other parameters when the frequency, period, width or duty is changed. Change Frequency (FREQ) Period (PERIOD) Pulse width (WIDTH) Duty (DUTY) Frequency (FREQ) Changed Changed Unchanged Period (PERIOD) Changed Unchanged Changed Pulse width (WIDTH) Unchanged Unchanged Changed Duty (DUTY) Unchanged Unchanged Changed
Due to the oscillation period and duty relationship, the pulse can be lost when the actual pulse width is less than 25 ns. An error message is displayed at this type of setting. Also, jitter increases when the pulse width is less than 100 ns. A warning message is displayed at this type of setting.

Amplitude and DC offset setting by high and low level ( ENTRY HIGH / LOW ) Operation to set the waveform vertical size as high and low level, in place of amplitude and DC offset, is described. Select the waveform type for squarewave. Operation: ① Press the ENTRY key, then the HIGH key to produce the following display. ＨＩＧＨ＋０．０５００Ｖ１０００．０００００００ＨｚＬ－０．０５００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ ② Set the High level with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to +5 V. ③ Press the EXIT key, then the LOW key to produce the following display. ＬＯＷ－０．０５００Ｖ１０００．０００００００ＨｚＨ＋５．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ ④ Set the Low level with the keypad or MODIFY dial. For example, set to +0 V. Amplitude: 5Vp-p High level: +5V DC offset: +2.5V Low level: +0V 0

Other: The table indicates the effects on other parameters when the amplitude, DC offset, high level or low level is changed Change Amplitude (AMPTD) DC offset (OFFSET) High level (HIGH) Low level (LOW) Amplitude (AMPTD) Unchanged Changed Changed DC offset (OFFSET) Unchanged Changed Changed High level (HIGH) Changed Changed Unchanged Low level (LOW) Changed Changed Unchanged

Due to the relationships between high and low leve l settings, relationship between amplitude and DC offset settings, or the setting of the external addition and external AM, when the output voltage exceeds the following values, the Over lamp flashes and the output is clipped in some cases. 10 V range: Approx. 11 V peak/open time 1 V range: Approx. 1.1 V peak/open time

5.2 Units

Engineering unit (µ, m, k, M) display Operation is described for displaying engineering un its (e.g., the k of 1 kHz). As an example, the frequency units are changed. Operation: ① Press the ENTRY key, then the FREQ key. １０００．００００００００ＨｚＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ ② Press the k key to change the display as follows. １．０００００００００００ｋＨｚＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ Other:

Unit change enable: Only when the µ , m , k or M key is lighted.
Initializing units (e.g., from kHz to Hz): At above step②, press the ENTER key.

Amplitude units change Operation to change the amplitude units is described. For example, set to Vrms. Operation: ① Press the ENTRY key, then the AMPTD key. ② Press the key to produce the following display (Vp-p lights). ＡＭＰＴＤ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐ１０００．０００００００ＨｚＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display. ＡＭＰＴＤ０．０３５４Ｖｒｍｓ１０００．０００００００ＨｚＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ Other:

The following units can be used.
Vp-p, Vrms, dBV, dBm (*1), USER (*2) *1: Selectable when LOAD function is SET. *2: Set User units name is displayed. Notes: Only Vp-p and USER can be sel ected when the oscillation mode is NOISE. Only Vp-p and USER can be selected when the selected waveform is ARB.
Even if the amplitude units are changed, the actual output voltage does not change.

User-unit setting ( SYSTEM → USER-UNIT) Operation for changing the units by using the user unit function is described. For example, set for expressing frequency as rpm (revolutions per minute, e.g., engine rotation). Operation: (1) Select setting type, for example, frequency ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (USER- UNIT flashes). ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴＭＥＮＵＳＹＳＴＥＭ：ＲＡＮＧＥＰＲＥＳＥＴＵＳＥＲ－ＵＮＩＴ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (TYPE flashes). ＦＲＥＱＰＥＲＩＯＤＡＭＰＴＤ 4 ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ：ＴＹＰＥＮＡＭＥＦＯＲＭＵＬＡ 4 ③ Again press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (FREQ flashes). ＦＲＥＱＰＥＲＩＯＤＡＭＰＴＤ 4 ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ：ＴＹＰＥＮＡＭＥＦＯＲＭＵＬＡ 4 ④ This selects the setting type to frequency. Press the EXIT key once to release the type select mode.

(2) Set the unit NAME (e.g., rpm) ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (NAME flashes). ＵＳＥＲＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ：ＴＹＰＥＮＡＭＥＦＯＲＭＵＬＡ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the MODIFY dial and and keys to input the unit name (e.g., rpm). Up to 4 of the following characters can be used for the unit name. abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz (space) ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRST UVWXYZ0123456789 ③ After inputting, press the EXIT key once to release unit name setting. (3) Select the FORMULA, for example, (h+n)*m. The setting type (e.g., fre quency) is h, n is offset, and m is the coefficient. ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (FORMULA flashes). ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ：ＴＹＰＥＮＡＭＥＦＯＲＭＵＬＡ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display [(h+n)*m flash]. ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ：ＴＹＰＥＮＡＭＥＦＯＲＭＵＬＡ 4 ③ This sets the formula to (h+n)*m. Press the EXIT key once to release the formula setting mode.

(4) Set the coefficient [SCALE (m)], e.g., to 60 ① Use the and keys to produce the following display (SCALE (m) flashes). ＋１．００００００００００００００Ｅ＋０ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ： 3 ＳＣＡＬＥ（ｍ）ＯＦＦＳＥＴ（ｎ） ② Press the ENTER key, then set the scale with the keypad or MODIFY dial. ③ Press the EXIT key to release the scale setting mode. (5) Set the offset [OFFSET (n)], for example, to 0 ① Use the and keys to produce the following display [OFFSET (n) flashes]. ＋０．００００００００００００００Ｅ＋０ＵＳＥＲＵＮＩＴ： 3 ＳＣＡＬＥ（ｍ）ＯＦＦＳＥＴ（ｎ） ② Press the ENTER key, then set the offset with the keypad or MODIFY dial. ③ Press the EXIT key to release the offset setting mode. (6) Display the above settings ① Press the ENTRY key, then the FREQ key. ② Press the key to produce the following display (Hz flashes). １０００．００００００００ＨｚＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ ③ Turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display. ６００００．０００００００ｒｐｍＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ

Other:

User units can be used for frequency, period, amplitude, DC offset, phase and duty.
Even when user units are set, the actual output does not change.
According to the coefficient and offset settings, setting resolution may be less precise when user units are used.
When using user units for the DC offset and phase in LOG selection, note the following. If a negative value is set before the conversion to user units is made, an attempt is made to calculate the logarithm of a negative value. Since the logarithm of a negative value cannot be a real number, "OVER" is displayed. Thereafter, user setup values can be arbitrarily changed. However, the DC offset and phase cannot be converted to a negative value while user units are being used.

5.3 Setting memory

Setting store ( MEMORY : STORE) Operation is described for saving frequency, amplitude and other settings in memory. Operation: ① Press the MEMORY key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (STORE flashes). ＳＴＯＲＥＭＥＮＵＭＥＭＯＲＹ：ＳＴＯＲＥＲＥＣＡＬＬＣＬＥＡＲ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (0 flashes). （ＮＯＴＳＴＯＲＥＤ）ＳＴＯＲＥ：０１２３４５６７８９ ③ Press the ENTER key, then apply a desired name to the memory (may also be omitted). Select characters with the MODIFY dial and shift position with the and keys. Up to 20 characters can be selected from the following list. abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz (space) ABCDEFGHIJKLM NOPQRST UVWXYZ0123456789 ④ Press the ENTER key to store the name (in this example, save to memory 0). The above completes memory storage. Press the EXIT key to release the storage mode. Other:

By pressing the keypad at above step ②, name input is omitted and storage is at the memory of the depressed number.

Setting recall ( MEMORY : RECALL) Operation to recall settings from memory is described. Operation: ① Press the MEMORY key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (RECALL flashes). ＲＥＣＡＬＬＭＥＮＵＭＥＭＯＲＹ：ＳＴＯＲＥＲＥＣＡＬＬＣＬＥＡＲ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (0 flashes). In this example, TEST 1 is recalled from memory. ＴＥＳＴ１ＳＴＯＲＥ：０１２３４５６７８９ ③ Press ENTER key for recall. Other:

If the keypad is pressed at above step ②, the pressed memory number is recalled. Only the stored numbers of the keypad light.
Items stored in the setting memory and user unit settings are noted in Section [3.3 Basic operation, Setting initialize]. The following items do not change before and after recall.
Output on/off
Output on/off state at power on
Arbitrary waveform parameter
Type of remote control
GPIB parameter
USB ID

Setting memory clear ( MEMORY : CLEAR) Operation to clear the memory is described. The operation also clears names entered in the memory. Operation: ① Press the MEMORY key then use the and keys to produce the following display (CLEAR flashes). ＣＬＥＡＲＭＥＮＵＭＥＭＯＲＹ：ＳＴＯＲＥＲＥＣＡＬＬＣＬＥＡＲ ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (0 flashes). In this example, TEST 1 is cleared from memory. ＴＥＳＴ１ＣＬＥＡＲ：０１２３４５６７８９ ③ Press ENTER key to clear the memory recall. Other:

At above step ②, pressing the keypad clears the corresponding memory number. Only the stored numbers of the keypad light.

5.4 External Input

External add (EXT-ADD) ( SYSTEM : EXT-ADD) Operation is described for adding an external signal to the WF1945B output. The external signal is connected to the rear panel EXT ADD IN connector. Refer to External add input (EXT ADD IN) on page 28. Operation: ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (EXT-ADD flashes). ＯＦＦＯＮＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＬＯＡＤＥＸＴ－ＡＭＥＸＴ－ＡＤＤ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (ON flashes). ＯＦＦＯＮＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＬＯＡＤＥＸＴ－ＡＭＥＸＴ－ＡＤＤ 4

External AM (EXT-AM) ( SYSTEM : EXT-AM) Operation to modulate the WF1945B output with an external AM signal is described. The external signal is applied to the rear panel EXT AM IN connector. For details on connectors, “3.2 Input and output connectors ( External add input (EXT ADD IN)”, cf. Operation: ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (EXT-AM flashes). ＯＦＦＯＮＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＬＯＡＤＥＸＴ－ＡＭＥＸＴ－ＡＤＤ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (ON flashes). ＯＦＦＯＮＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＬＯＡＤＥＸＴ－ＡＭＥＸＴ－ＡＤＤ 4 Note:

AM appears at the head of the display when external AM is on. １０００．００００００００ＨｚＡＭＡ０．１０００Ｖｐ－ｐＯ＋０．００００Ｖ／ＯＰＥＮ

5.5 Other settings

Output range change (use with fixed range) ( SYSTEM : RANGE) Operation is described for fixing the voltage output range to 10 V. Although AUTO is normally used, by fixing the range, output interruption from automatic switching can be avoided. A disadvantage is during output voltage below 2 Vp-p (open), setting resolution is 1 digit less than the 1 V range. Operation: ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (RANGE flashes). ＡＵＴＯ１０Ｖ１ＶＳＹＳＴＥＭ：ＲＡＮＧＥＰＲＥＳＥＴＵＳＥＲ－ＵＮＩＴ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (10 V flashes). ＡＵＴＯ１０Ｖ１ＶＳＹＳＴＥＭ：ＲＡＮＧＥＰＲＥＳＥＴＵＳＥＲ－ＵＮＩＴ 4 Other:

If the output range is set as 1 V when the amplitude setting is larger than 2 Vp-p (open), the amplitude is automatically changed to 1/10 since voltage exceeding 2 Vp-p (open) cannot be output in the 1 V range.

Output on/off at power on ( SYSTEM : POWER - ON) Selectable return to the state when the power s upply was switched off or output on/off state. The example is setting the output for off at power on. Operation: ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (POWER-ON flashes). ＬＡＳＴ－ＳＴＡＴＥＯＦＦＯＮＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＳＹＮＣＯＵＴＰＯＷＥＲ－ＯＮ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (OFF flashes). ＬＡＳＴ－ＳＴＡＴＥＯＦＦＯＮＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＳＹＮＣＯＵＴＰＯＷＥＲ－ＯＮ 4

LOAD function (equalize setting and output values) ( SYSTEM : LOAD) Operation is described for equalizing the amp litude (AMPTD) and DC offset (OFFSET) setting values with the actual output values (FUNCTION OUT connector voltage). The example is setting at the 100Ω load impedance. Operation: ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display (LOAD flashes). ＯＰＥＮＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＬＯＡＤＥＸＴ－ＡＭＥＸＴ－ＡＤＤ 4 ② Press the ENTER key, then turn the MODIFY dial to produce the following display(SET flashes). ＳＥＴ５０ Ω ＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ＬＯＡＤＥＸＴ－ＡＭＥＸＴ－ＡＤＤ 4 ③ Press the key, then turn the MODIFY dial to set the load impedance to 100 Ω. The above setting calculates the actual voltage of FUNCTION OUT connector from the WF1945B output impedance (50 Ω) and the load impedance for automatically changing the indicated value. Other:

The load impedance setting range is 45 to 999 Ω, resolution is 1 Ω.
The WF1945B output impedance and voltage errors are not converted.

UNDO function The UNDO function is described for returning a numerical or other setting to the previous state. Operation: ① Press the UNDO to return a setting to the previous state (ineffective when UNDO is extinguished). Other:

Undo enabled: 1. Directly after changing frequency, amplitude, etc., with the keypad or MODIFY dial. 2. Directly after setting recall ( MEMORY → RECALL). Press the UNDO key to return the state prior to recall.

Pulse generator function Operation of the WF1945B as a pulse generator is described. Operation: (1) Set for continuous pulse output ① Set the waveform to squarewave (variable duty), ( FUNCTION → ). ② Set the voltage High level to +5 V and the Low level to 0 V. ( ENTRY HIGH → 5 → ENTER ENTRY LOW → 0 → ENTER ③ Set the period to 2 ms ( ENTRY PERIOD → 2 → m ). ④ Set the pulse width to 0.2 ms ( ENTRY WIDTH → ・ → 2 → m ). (2) Use external trigger for pulse output ① Set the waveform to squarewave (variable duty), ( FUNCTION → ). ② Set the voltage High level to +5 V and the Low level to 0 V. ( ENTRY HIGH → 5 → ENTER ENTRY LOW → 0 → ENTER Period: 2 ms Pulse width: 0.2 ms Pulse width: 0.5 ms Delay time: 0.1 ms Trigger signal (TRIG/SWEEP IN)

③ Set the pulse width to 0.5 ms ( ENTRY WIDTH → ・ → 5 → m ). ④ Set oscillation mode. ( MODE → BURST →TYPE = TRIG, SOURCE = EXT , DELAY = 0.1 ms, MARK = 1.0 cycle, STOP-LEVEL = ON −100%) ⑤ Apply the trigger signal to the TRIG/SWEEP IN connector. Other:

Double pulse output: At above step ④, set MARK = 2.0 cycles.
Manual trigger: At above step ④, set SOURCE = EXT and press the MAN TRIG key. (Do not connect anything to the TRIG/SWEEP IN connector.)

Phase sync ( SYSTEM : φ SYNC) Operation is described for restarting the output wave form from a set phase so as to clarify the phase relationship. The function uses φ-SYNC IN, OUT (1991 synchronous operation op tion) to synchronize the operation of multiple units. Phase sync operation and waveform outputs of 1st and 2nd units (1st unit phase 0 degrees, 2nd unit phase 90 degrees) Operation: ① Press the SYSTEM key, then use the and keys to produce the following display ( φ SYNC flashes). ФＳＹＮＣＳＹＳＴＥＭ：3 ФＳＹＮＣＤＵＴＹ－ＶＡＬＩＤ 4 ② Press the ENTER key to engage phase synchronization. Other:

φ sync is effective in Normal oscillation mode. In other modes, the phase may shift 180 degrees and the values of the mark cycle and space cycle settings may change.
The phase between outputs of units (channels) in synchronous operation is the difference between the phase settings (PHASE) set for each unit (channel). CH 1 CH 2 0 deg 90 deg Ф Sync operation

6.1 Error message

Self-check is conducted at power on and in case of an abnormality, an error message is displayed. An error message is also displayed if an erroneous operation is conducted. Error message contents, causes and corrective measures are indicated in the following tables. Power on error Error message Cause Corrective measures BACKUP MEMORY LOST Battery backup memory contents destroyed. Backup battery probably depleted. Contact dealer. Press the ENTER key to start the system at the factory settings. CALIBRATION MEMORY LOST Calibration data destroyed. Contact dealer. Although possible to start by pressing the ENTER key, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. SYSTEM TEST FAILED 001 Internal ROM sum check error. Contact dealer. SYSTEM TEST FAILED 002 Internal RAM read/write error. Contact dealer.

Operation error Error message Cause or corrective measures DATA OUT OF RANGE Input values outside of permissible setting range. Confirm permissible setting range and again input. Upper and lower limits can be easily checked by using the MODIFY dial to change the values. INVALID NUMERIC DATA Keypad input data invalid (e.g., decimal point only). SETTINGS CONFLICT 001 Start or stop value set to 0 during LOG sweep and sweep cannot be executed. SETTINGS CONFLICT 002 Combined center and span exceed the permissible sweep type (e.g., frequency) setting range. SETTINGS CONFLICT 003 Combined modulation type (e.g., frequency) and Deviation or DEPTH exceed the permissible modulation type setting range and modulation cannot be executed. SETTINGS CONFLICT 004 Combined modulation type (e.g., frequency) and Deviation or DEPTH exceed the permissible modulation type setting range. SETTINGS CONFLICT 007 Combined period and pulse width exceed the permissible duty setting range. SETTINGS CONFLICT 010 Since the mode is SWEEP or MODU for (variable duty), DUTY VALID cannot be set. STORE/RECALL MEMORY LOST Setting storage memory contents destroyed and settings cannot be recalled. Contact dealer. continued next page

6.1 Error messag

continued from previous page Error message Cause or corrective measures WARNING 001 Combined frequency and duty set the pulse width to not more than 25 ns and the pulse may be lost. WARNING 002 Combined frequency and duty set the pulse width to 25 and 100 ns and pulse width may be unstable (large jitter component). WARNING 003 Since high frequency, burst oscillation mark and space may be unstable. WARNING 004 Low level setting changed due to high level setting change, or conversely, high level setting changed due to low level setting change. WARNING 005 Changed to simple standard units (Hz, s, Vp-p, V). WARNING 006 Since combined period and pulse width exceed the permissible duty setting range, pulse width was changed in order to enter the permissible duty range. WARNING 015 Because of DUTY VALID change, the duty was changed to 0.01% or 99.99%. WARNING 016 Because of a mode change, DUTY VALID was changed to IMMED.

6.2 Suspected failure

In case of abnormality If an abnormality is suspected, check as indicated in the following table. If normal operation cannot be returned, contact the dealer. Symptom Possible causes Correction Power source not within specified range Use the power source within the specified range. Power supply fuse open Replace the power supply fuse. (Be sure to use the correctly rated fuse.) No power on External noise Install the equipment in a site with favorable conditions. Remote mode enabled Press the LOCAL key to set the local mode. Panel inoperative Keys or Modify dial defective Contact service. Ambient temperature and humidity outside specified range Use the equipment under the specified environmental conditions. Inadequate warm up Allow the equipment to warm up for at least 30 minutes after power on. DC offset applied Set DC offset to 0 V. External AM on Set external AM off. Set for user units Select standard units Output abnormal LOAD function being used Set for OPEN. Address or USB ID different from that in the program Set the address and USB ID to match those in the program. Cannot be set via remote control Address or USB ID identical to that of another device Set the address and USB ID so that they do not match those of other devices. Does not operate according to instruction manual Settings have been initialized (PRESET). The instruction manual presumes the settings have been initialized.

7.1 Outline

Work contents The following types of maintenance are required in order to use the equipment in optimum condition. z Inspection Check that the equipment is operating correctly. z Performance tests Check that the equipment meets specifications. z Adjustment and calibration When the equipment does not meet specifications, it is adjusted and calibrated in order to restore performance at the manufacturer. z Service Cause and location of failure are investigated and repair is conducted at the company. This instruction manual provides easily carried out procedures for inspection and performance checks. Consult the manufacturer or dealer regarding more thorough inspection, adjustment, calibration and repair. Do not remove external covers. Internal inspection of this equipment must be performed only by a trained service technician who is fully aware of the hazards involved. Required test instruments The following equipment is required for inspection and performance tests. z Oscilloscope At least 100 MHz bandwidth z Universal counter Reference oscillator accuracy better than 5 × 10−7 z DC voltmeter Accuracy better than 0.1 % z AC voltmeter 1 True rms, accuracy better than 0.3 %, bandwidth at least 100kHz, recommended: Keithley Model 2001 z AC voltmeter 2 True rms, accuracy better than 1 %, bandwidth at least 20MHz, recommended: Boonton Model 9200C+952016+952002 z Distortion meter Full scale 0.1 %, frequency up to 100 kHz z 50 Ω feed through terminator z 50 Ω 20 dB attenuator ! WARNING

7.2 Operation checks

Preparatory checks Check the following before inspection. z Power source voltage is within specified range. z Ambient temperature is within 5 to 35 °C. z Ambient relative humidity is within 10 to 85 %RH (absolute humidity: 1 to 25 g/m3) z Condensation is absent. Function checks z Power on Confirm absence of error message at power on. If an error message appears, “6. Troubleshooting”, cf. If an abnormal indication appears at power on, sw itch power off and wait at least 5 seconds, then again switch power on. z Main function checks To avoid setting error, initialize the settings ( SYSTEM → PRESET). Connect FUNCTION OUT to an oscilloscope with 50 Ω coaxial cable to monitor the output. Operate to change the following settings several times and confirm normal functions. Test both keypad and MODIFY dial for settings such as frequency. ・Frequency ( ENTRY → FREQ ・Amplitude ( ENTRY → AMPTD ・DC offset ( ENTRY → OFFSET ・Waveform ( FUNCTION Duty fixed 50 %，・Duty ( FUNCTION → Variable duty， ENTRY → DUTY ・Output on/off ( OUTPUT ON/OFF

Switch off the power, wait at least 5 seconds, then switch the power on. Confirm the settings for the following items prior to switching off the power have been correctly saved. ・Frequency ・Amplitude ・DC offset ・Waveform ・Duty If stored at room temperature, the backup period is typically 3 years, but may vary among individual units and usage conditions. To prevent any loss of setting information resu lting from a depleted battery, regular battery replacement is recommended. z GPIB/USB Conduct some of the main function checks via GPIB/USB and confirm the same output variations. Also note that the remote (REM) indicator lights. Press the LOCAL key and confirm the remote i ndicator extinguishes and the local mode is returned (not local lock out).

7.3 Performance tests

Performance tests Performance tests are an important part of prev entive maintenance and serve to prevent serious deterioration of the equipment performance. Conduct these tests at incoming inspection, routine in spection, following repair and whenever performance needs to be confirmed. When specifications are not met in performance tests, service is required. Contact the dealer. Preparatory checks Check the following before testing performance. z Power source voltage is within specified range. z Ambient temperature is 23 ± 5 °C. z Ambient relative humidity is within 20 to 70 % RH. z Condensation is absent. z Allow at least 30 minutes warm up. Test preparation z Signal cables are 50 Ω coaxial, RG-58A/U or thicker, less than 1 meter length and fitted at both ends with BNC connectors. z Where items call for 50 Ω termination, set the input impedance of the connected instrument to 50 Ω. Where this is impossible, use a 50 Ω feed through terminator at the test instrument input. z Initialize the settings for each test item ( SYSTEM → [PRESET]), set the output on (key internal LED lights according to OUTPUT ON/OFF ) and the item to be changed is indicated. Frequency accuracy Connection: Use coaxial cable to connect FUNCTION OUT to a universal counter (50 Ω termination). Setting: Initialize, then set frequency to 1 MHz and amplitude to 20 Vp-p/open. Measurement: Measure frequency with the universal counter. Judgment: Normal if within ±5 ppm (999.995 to 1.000005 MHz) (when shipped) However, since aging may occur with up to ±3 ppm/year, deterioration up to ±8 ppm (999.992 to 1.000008 MHz) may have occurred if one year has passed since shipment.

Amplitude accuracy Connection: Use coaxial cable to connect FUNCTION OUT to AC voltmeter 1. Setting: After setting initialize, set the amplitude, output range and waveform as indicated in the following table. Measurement: Measure the true rms output voltage for each waveform. Judgment: The normal ranges are indicated in the table. Waveform Output range Setting Normal range 10 V 20 Vp-p/open (7.071 Vrms/open) 7.004 to 7.138 Vrms , , 10 V 20 Vp-p/open ( 5.774 Vrms/open) 5.719 to 5.828 Vrms 10 V 20 Vp-p/open ( 10.00 Vrms/open) 9.905 to 10.095 Vrms 10 V 10 Vp-p/open ( 3.536 Vrms/open) 3.493 to 3.578 Vrms 10 V 5 Vp-p/open (1.768 Vrms/open) 1.738 to 1.798 Vrms 10 V 2 Vp-p/open (0.707 Vrms/open) 0.684 to 0.730 Vrms 1 V 2 Vp-p/open (0.7071 Vrms/open) 0.699 to 0.716 Vrms DC offset accuracy Connection: Connect FUNCTION OUT to a DC voltmeter. Setting: After setting initialize, set the DC mode, output range and DC offset as indicated in the following table. Measurement: Measure the output voltage. Judgment: The normal ranges are indicated in the table. Output range DC offset setting Normal range 10 V ±10.000 V/open ±9.880 to ±10.12 V 10 V ±5.000 V/open ±4.905 to ±5.095 V 10 V ±2.000 V/open ±1.920 to ±2.080 V 10 V ±1.000 V/open ±0.925 to ±1.075 V 10 V 0.000 V/open −0.070 to +0.070 V 1 V ±1.0000 V/open ±0.985 to ±1.015 V 1 V 0.0000 V/open −0.010 to +0.010 V

Amplitude vs. frequency characteristics Connection: Use coaxial cable to connect FUNCTION OUT to AC voltmeter 2 (50 Ω termination). Setting: Initialize, then set the amplitude to 20 Vp-p/open and select the frequency and waveform as indicated in the table. Measurement: Measure the true rms output voltage for each frequency and waveform. Judgment: The normal ranges are indicated in the table. Waveform 1 kHz Setting to 500 kHz to 1 MHz to 3 MHz to 10 MHz to 15 MHz Sinewave distortion Connection: Use coaxial cable to connect FUNCTION OUT to a distortion meter (50 Ω termination). Setting: Initialize, then set the amplitude to 20 Vp-p/open and the frequency as indicated in the table. Measurement: Measure the distortion Judgment: The normal range is indicated in the table. Frequency Normal range 10 Hz to 100 kHz 0.2 % or less (Bandwidth 500 kHz)

Squarewave response Connection: Use coaxial cable to connect FUNCTION OUT to an oscilloscope (50 Ω termination). Setting: Initialize, then set , frequency to 1 MHz and amplitude to 20 Vp-p/open. Measurement: Observe the waveform and measure the rise and fall times, overshoot and undershoot. Judgment: The normal range is indicated in the table. Item Normal range Rise and fall times 20 ns or less Overshoot and undershoot 5 % or less Duty factor Connection: Use coaxial cable to connect Function Out to a universal counter (50 Ω terminated). Settings: Initialize the settings, then set amplitude to 20 Vp-p, and waveform and frequency according to the following table. Measurement: Set the counter rise and fall period to the interval timer mode and measure the duty (time). Use the average value, since jitte r will cause dispersion in the measurement values. Determination: The ranges indicated in the following table are normal. Waveform Frequency Rated range (duty 50 % fixed) 1 MHz 490 to 510 ns (duty 50 % fixed) 10 MHz 47.0 to 53.0 ns (duty 50 % fixed) 15 MHz 30.0 to 36.7 ns (duty variable) 100 kHz 4.90 to 5.10 µ s

Guaranteed values are shown with tolerance, values without tolerance are for reference.

8.1 Waveform and output characteristics

z Waveforms (FUNCTION OUT) Output waveforms Waveform vertical resolution Output waveform and frequency For continuous oscillation For burst, trigger, gate, triggered gate, or gated sweep Frequency Range Resolution Accuracy when shipped Aging Setting by period Duty Range Resolution (Duty 50 % fixed), (Duty variable), , arbitrary waveform (ARB), and noise (NOISE), DC voltage (DC) 16 bit ( , arbitrary waveform (ARB)) (duty 50% fixed) ：0.01 µHz to 15 MHz (duty variable), ：0.01 µHz to 500 kHz Arbitrary waveform ：0.01 µHz to 500 kHz However, the frequency in which all the data of arbitrary waveforms can be outputted is the maximum of the following value. (40MHz) ÷ [waveform data size (words)] Analog band width 10MHz 0.01 µHz to 500 kHz 0.01 µHz to 15 MHz 0.01 µHz ±5 ppm ±3 ppm/year Frequency equivalent to inverse number of the setting period. If the number is less than 0.01 µHz, the number should be rounded off. 0.0100% to 99.9900%/0.0000% to 100.0000% 0.0001 % Arbitrary waveform data size Number of arbitrary waveforms Arbitrary waveform data origination Arbitrary waveform data resolution Can be switched among 8 K, 16 K, 32 K, and 64 K words. 1 K words equal 1024 words. Number of arbitrary waveforms that can be select, and waveforms are backed up 12 waveforms for 8 K words/6 waveforms for 16 K words/ 3 waveforms for 32 K words/1 waveforms for 64 K words Point specification and linear interpolation by the panel operation or data writing by GPIB or USB 16 bits (-32768 to 0 to +32767) The 1992A digital output option outputs all 15 bits and clock.

8.1 Waveform and output response

Noise Noise source: pseudo-M-seri es by 42-step shift register Period 30.518 hours, Spectrum interval 9.1022 µHz White noise bandwidth (equivalent noise bandwidth): about 500 kHz Peak factor (crest factor): 6 Amplitude can be set in Vp-p. rms value = (Vp-p set point) ÷ 2 ÷ (peak factor) Binary output: Outputs from SYNC OUT during NOISE mode z Output characteristics (FUNCTION OUT) Amplitude frequency characteristics spectrum purity Total harmonic distortion Harmonic spectrum Spurious output waveform characteristics Duty Continuous oscillation, 50 Ω load, DC offset 0 V, amplitude setting 10 Vp-p/50 Ω, normalized frequency 1 kHz, effective rms value measurement Up to 1 MHz: +0.2 dB, −0.3 dB 1 MHz to 3 MHz: +0.35 dB, −0.7 dB 3 MHz to 10 MHz: +0.5 dB, −1.5 dB 10 MHz to 15 MHz: +0.5 dB, −2.0 dB Up to 1 MHz: ±0.3 dB Up to 500 kHz: ±0.3 dB Up to 500 kHz: ±0.5 dB Continuous oscillation, external AM off, 50 Ω load, DC offset 0 V, amplitude setting 10 Vp-p/50 Ω 10 Hz − 100 kHz: 0.2 % and below (bandwidth: 500 kHz) 100 kHz to 1 MHz: −50 dBc and below

1 MHz to 15 MHz: −30 dBc and below

Up to 15 MHz: −35 dBc and below Continuous oscillation, external AM off, 50 Ω load, DC offset 0 V, amplitude setting 10 Vp-p/50 Ω Rise and fall time: 20 ns and below Overshoot: 5 % and below Continuous oscillation, external AM off, 50 Ω load, DC offset 0 V, amplitude setting 10 Vp-p/50 Ω (50 % fixed duty) Up to 1 MHz: ±1 % of the period

1 MHz to 10 MHz: ±3 % of the period

10 MHz to 15 MHz: ±5 % of the period

(duty variable) Up to 100 kHz: ±1 % of the period Jitter: 30 nsp-p and below

8.2 Output voltage

z Output voltage (FUNCTION OUT) Output range Amplitude Range Resolution Accuracy DC offset Range Resolution Accuracy Amplitude and DC offset limiting Output impedance Load impedance Output connector Others

10 V range / 1V range fixed, or automatic switchable

10 V range : 0 mVp-p to 20.000 Vp-p/open 1 V range : 0.0 mVp-p to 2.0000 Vp-p/open

10 V range : 1 mVp-p/open

1V range : 0.1 mVp-p/open Continuous oscillation, external AM off, , 1 kHz, rms value measured 10 V range : ± [0.7 % of amplitude setting (Vp-p) + 0.05 Vp-p]/open 1 V range : ± [0.7% of amplitude setting (Vp-p) + 0.01 Vp-p]/open 10 V range : ±10.000 V/open 1 V range : ±1.0000 V/open

10 V range : 1 mV/open

1 V range : 0.1 mV/open DC mode, External AM off, external addition off 10 V range : ± (0.5% of DC offset setting [V] + 0.07 V)/open 1 V range : ± (0.5% of DC offset setting [V] + 0.01 V)/open If output voltage exceeds the following value, the OVER light blinks and the output may be clipped.

10 V range : 11 V/open

1 V range : 1.1 V/open 50 Ω, unbalanced 45 Ω and more, nominal Front panel, BNC receptacle (FUNCTION OUT) Output voltage can be set with high and low level buttons. z SYNC OUT Output voltage (SYNC OUT) Output voltage Output waveform Rise/fall time Output impedance Load impedance Output connector 0/+5V (open) 2.5 ns 50 Ω, unbalanced 45 Ω and more Front panel BNC receptacle (SYNC OUT)

8.3 Other functions

Internal trigger oscillator Range Resolution Trigger delay Range Resolution Trigger jitter Oscillation stop level Range Resolution Burst, gate, trigger and trig’d gate (Trig’d gate: gate on/off at each trigger) 0.5 to 500000.0, 0.5 wave unit (The mark wave number is the oscillation wave number at the time of burst and trigger). 0.5 to 500000.0, 0.5 wave unit (Space wave number is the stop wave number at the time of burst). Phase from oscillation stop to oscillation start −1800.000° to +1800.000° 0.001° Selectable internal trigger oscillator or external trigger input. Trigger can be applied from the panel keys or via remote control (GPIB or USB). Trigger: Rising or falling edge selectable Gate: Positive or negative logic selectable. Trig’d gate: Rising or falling edge selectable High level ≥ +3.9 V, low level ≤ +1.6 V 50 ns At 10 kΩ, pull up to +5 V. Front panel BNC receptacle (TRIG/SWEEP IN) 1µs to 100.0 s 4 digits at 1 ms and more, 1 µs at less than 1 ms. 0.3 µs to 100.00 s 5 digits at 1 ms and more, 0.1 µs at less than 1 ms. Oscillation mode: Effective with trigger. Less than 50 ns On and off settable Off: stops at set phase. On: stops at set stop level. −100.0 % (maximum negative output) to +100.0 % (maximum positive output), 0.01 %

Frequency, phase, amplitude, DC offset, and duty ( duty variable) Sweep start/stop or sweep center/span Sweep marker, substitute sweep center for sweep marker Sweep start and stop state Continuous / single / gated sweep LIN/LOG (LOG is available frequency only) 1 ms to 10000.000 s 2 ms to 10000.00 s (other times) 1 ms Indicates start of single / gated sweep. 100 ms and more (If applying less than 100 ms, trigger is at 100 ms intervals). Selectable internal trigger oscillator or external trigger input. Also, applicable from panel keys and via remote control (GPIB or USB) Selectable rise/fall. Front panel, BNC receptacle (TRIG/SWEEP IN) 200 ns 2 ms Internal trigger oscillator period Range Resolution Oscillation stop level Range Resolution 1 µs to 100.0 s 4 digits at 1 ms and more, 1 µs at less than 1 ms. On/off setting effective during gated sweep. (However, ineffective and fixed at off if the sweep item is duty) Off: stop at set phase. On: stop at set stop level. −100.00 %（maximum negative output) to +100.00 % (maximum positive output) 0.01 %

High level ≥ +3.9 V, low level ≤ +1.6 V Single/gated sweep start at rising or falling edge (selectable) 200 ns. At 10 kΩ, pulling up to +5 V Front panel, BNC receptacle (TRIG/SWEEP IN) Combined use with trigger input for gate, trigger and trig’d gate 0/+5 V (open) Low level: sweeping from start to stop High level: Other times (If sweep, high level for about 0.2 ms to 0.5 ms directly before quick change from stop to start.) 50 Ω, unbalanced 45 Ω and more Front panel, BNC receptacle (SYNC OUT) Combined use with SYNC OUT Sweep stop/restart input Input level High level ≧+3.9 V, low level≦+1.6 V Signal characteristic Low level: sweep interrupt High level: stop release Input impedance At 10 k Ω, pull up to +5 V. Input connector Rear panel, BNC receptacle (SWEEP PAUSE IN) Sweep marker output Output level 0/+5 V/open Signal characteristic Low level: exceeds marker during sweep. High level: other times Output impedance 30 Ω, unbalanced Load impedance 1 k Ω and more Output connector Rear panel, BN C receptacle (SWEEP Z-MARKER OUT) Sweep X-DRIVE output Output level 0 V to +5 V/open Signal characteristics 0 V →+5 V: sweep value is increasing, +5 V →+0 V: sweep value is decreasing. Output impedance 1 k Ω, unbalanced Load impedance 10 k Ω and more Output connector Rear panel, BNC receptacle (SWEEP X-DRIVE OUT)

z Internal modulation functions Modulation items Internal modulation frequency Range Resolution Internal modulation waveform FM(FSK), PM(PSK), AM, DC offset modulation, PWM ( duty variable) 0.1 mHz to 500.00 Hz 5 digits at 1 Hz and more, 0.1 mHz at less than 1 Hz. z External modulation functions Modulation item External modulation frequency External AM depth Input voltage range Input impedance Input connector AM, on/off selectable DC to 10 MHz -3 V input: -100% -1 V input: 0%

0 V input: 50 % of the set amplitude

+1 V input: the set amplitude. -3 V to +1 V 50 Ω Rear panel BNC receptacle (EXT AM IN) z External add functions External add External addition frequency External addition gain Input voltage range Input impedance Input connector Add external signal to FUNCTION OUT signal On/off selectable DC to 10 MHz At no-load

10 V range: × 2

1 V range: × 0.2 ±5 V 50 Ω Rear panel BNC receptacle (EXT ADD IN) z Setting initialization Functions Initializes nearly all setting contents. Initialization settings, “3.3 Basic operation (Initialization table)”, cf.

Converts to desired units for set up and display. Frequency, period, amplitude, DC offset, phase and duty. Select either [(internal set up) + n] × m, or [log 10 (internal set up) + n] × m; then, set the value of n and m. Frequency and period: 15 digits mantissa and 1 digit index (both m and n) Amplitude, DC offset, and duty.: 6 digits mantissa and 1 digit index (m and n) Phase : 7 digits mantissa and 1 digit index Unit character string Alphanumeric and 34 symbols Set up and display up to 4 characters. z Load function Function Load impedance Range Resolution Set up and display at actual voltage for an arbitrary load Conversion formula: (Output voltage at load) = (Output voltage at no-load) × impedance) (Load+) 50:impedance(Output impedance) (Load Ω 45 Ω to 999 Ω 1 Ω z Output on/off Function Output off state Power on state Output switched on/off FUNCTION OUT: open. SYNC OUT: TTL three states high impedance. Selectable return to the state when the power supply was switched off or output on/off state. z Setting memory, Backup Setting memory Backup Backup period Battery Operation when battery depleted Nearly all setting items can be stored and recalled. 10 sets from 0 to 9 Battery back up for nearly all settings prior to power off. Three years and more under normal temperature. Lithium cell Error at power on and settings are initialized. Setting memory and arbitrary waveform memory are initialized. Battery needs replacement (fee charged)

8.4 Initialized settings

Initialization, “3.3 Basic operation (Initalization table)”, cf. z Error from backup battery depletion In addition to setting initialization, following are set: Output on/off Off Output on/off in turning on LAST-S TATE (condition just before power off) Setting memory Setting memory comment ALL NOT STORED " " (blank) User unit name USER User unit computation formula (h+n)*m User unit coefficient 1 User unit offset Arbitrary waveform selection ARB_00 Arbitrary waveform name Arbitrary waveform data size ARB_00 ~ ARB_11 Arbitrary waveform data Remote control interface All 0 GPIB GPIB address 2 GPIB delimiter CR+LF USB ID 2

8.5 Remote control

SH1 All source handshake functions AH1 All acceptor handshake functions T6 Basic talker, serial poll, talker release by MLA L4 Basic listener, listener release by MTA SR1 All service request functions RL1 All remote/local functions PP0 No parallel poll functions DC1 All device clear functions DT1 All device trigger functions C0 No controller functions ISO 7 bit codes (ASCII code) 0 to 30 (set from panel) DIO1-8, NDAC, NRFD and SRQ : Open collector DAV and EOI : three state GPIB address (0 to 30), delimiter in transmission (CR/LF+EOI, CR+EOI, LF+EOI) Remote condition can be canceled by LOCAL key. (Except for Local Lockout) Rear panel, IEEE 488 (24-pins) connector z USB interface USB1.1 full speed

8.6 Options

z 1991 synchronous operation option Function Time difference Others Synchronous operation of multiple units of the WF 19 series* 1991 is required all synchronous operation. Under condition of continuous oscillations, external AM off, 50 Ω load, DC offset 0 V and amplitude setting 10 Vp-p/50 Ω, phase synchronization after setting same waveform and frequency, The time difference among the equipment: ( ±25 ns + 10 ns/unit) and below. The cable connecting multiple units of the WF 19 series* is optional. (1994 synchronous operation cable) z 1994 synchronous operation cable 1991 synchronous operation option, for connecting multiple units of the WF 19 series*. To connect n units of the WF 19 series* (n−1) of 1994 synchronous operation cables are necessary. z 1992A digital output option Function Data format Output digital signal applied to waveform D/A. Upper 15 bits of the 16-bit waveform data and the clock are output. The relation between arbitrary waveform data setting and output data is as follows : Arbitrary waveform data ARB and: Data: DAC commands ARW and: Data: DAC WORD commands Output data +16383 +32766、+32767 7FFFH +16382 +32764、+32765 7FFEH +16381 +32762、+32765 7FFDH +2 +4、+5 4002H +1 +2、+3 4001H 0 0、+1 4000H -1 -2、-1 3FFFH -2 -4、-3 3FFEH -16382 -32764、-32763 0002H -16383 -32766、-32765 0001H -16384 -32768、-32767 0000H Accessory Digital output cable: One *1: The following products: 1945, 1946, 1956, WF1945, WF1946, WF1956, WF1945A, WF1946A, WF1965, WF1966, WF1945B, and WF1946B

8.7 General items

The signal ground of FUNCTION OUT, SYNC OUT, EX T AM IN, EXT ADD IN, and DIGITAL OUT is floated from the chassis and the input/output ground of these signals is common. Signal ground dielectric strength: 42 Vpeak, 30 Vrms (DC to 20 kHz continuous) The input/output ground of all other signals is connected to the chassis. z Power supply Power supply voltage range AC100 V/115 V/230 V Power supply frequency range 50/60 Hz ± 2 Hz Power supply fuse Time lag 1 A (100 V/115 V) or time lag 0.5 A (230 V) 250 V, Φ5.2 × 20 mm Consumption electric power 65 VA and less Overvoltage category II z Cooling Forced-air cooling, rear exhaust z Setup condition Horizontal (Within 10°) z Environmental conditions Ambient temperature and humidity range Performance guarantee +5 to +35 ﾟC, 5 to 85 %RH (no condensation at an absolute humidity of 1 to 25 g/m 3) Storage time −10 to +50ﾟC, 5 to 95 %RH (no condensation at an absolute humidity of 1 to 29 g/m 3) Pollution degree 2 z Insulation resistance 20 MΩ and more (DC 500 V, power input lines versus chassis). z Withstand voltage AC 1500 V (power input lines versus chassis). z Dimensions 216(W) × 132.5(H) × 290(D) mm (Excluding protrusions). z Mass Mainframe excluding attachments, options, etc. Approx. 4.3 kg z Safety EN 61010-1: 2001 z EMC EN 61326: 1997/A1: 1998/A2: 2001 However, the performance criteria for the following standards are as follows: EN61000-4-2(1995), EN61000-4-4(1995), EN61000-4-5(1995), and EN61000-4-11(1994):B

External drawing Surface preparation Front panel: Plastic sheet Black4C Frame: Painting Metallic gray Cover: Polyvinyl chloride metal laminated plate Metallic gray Side view Front panel Rear panel Option

Front and rear panel indications (alphabetical order). 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5 LOCAL····REMOTE CONTROL separate volume SWEEP Z-MARKER OUT ········· 3-11, 4-34, 4-38 4-20, 4-32, 5-23

NF Corporation certifies that this instrument was thoroughly tested and in spected and found to meet its published specifications when it was shipped from our factory. A l l NF products are warranted against defects in materials and work manship for a period of one year from the date of shipment. During the warranty period of, NF will, at its option, either will repair the defective product without any charge for the parts and labor, or eit her repair or replace products which prove to be defective. For repair service under warr anty, the product must be returned to a service center designated by NF. Purchaser shall prepay all shipping co st, duties, and taxes for the product to NF from another country, and NF shall pay shipping charge to returned the product to purchaser. This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use, improper or inadequate maintenance and care or modifi ed by purchaser or personnel other than NF representatives. NF Corporation

WABUN: (≈DA00012269-002) If there are any misplaced or missing pages, we will replace the manual. Contact the sales representative. NOTES

Reproduction of the contents of this manual is forbidden by applicable laws.
The contents of this manual may be revised without notice.
Information provided in this manual is int ended to be accurate and reliable. However, we assume no responsibility for any damage regarding the contents of this manual.
We assume no responsibility for influences re sulting from the operations in this manual. Copyright 2005, NF Corporation WF1945B MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER Instruction Manual NF Corporation 3-20 Tsunashima Higashi 6-chome, Kohoku-ku. Yokohama-shi 223-8508, JAPAN Phone +81-45-545-8111 Fax +81-45-545-8191

http://www.nfcorp.co.jp/ NF Corporation 6-3-20, Tsunashima-higashi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8508 JAPA N

Product Information

WF1945 specifications and overview.

Summary

MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER

Description

MULTIFUNCTION SYNTHESIZER

Source title WF1945 Datasheet(PDF) - List of Unclassifed Manufacturers

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