SKY73134 SKYWORKS | Alldatasheet
Document overview
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Technical content
Features
xOutput frequency range: 0.375 to 5.6 GHz xInteger-N frequency synthesizer xLow phase noise VCO xFour integrated VCOs with automatic digital frequency calibration xAutomatic VCO selection based on the target RF output xProgrammable VCO division by 1, 2, 3, 4, or 8 xVCO divide-by-three with 50% duty cycle xIntegrated input/output RF buffer xDevice provides both divided and direct VCO outputs xProgrammable RF output power levels xLow RF output comparison spurs xProgrammable 18-bit N-counter and 11-bit R-counter xDual modulus 7 GHz prescaler (64/65) xProgrammable charge pump current xFlexible configuration allows connection to external VCO or PLL xBidirectional read/write three-wire serial to parallel interface xDigital lock detect xDigital output used as a loop filter component switch xOptional adjustment of the core, divider, and charge pump current by external resistor xPower supply: 3.3 V xSmall, RFLGA (32-pin, 5 x 5 mm) package (MSL3, 260 qC per JEDEC J-STD-020) Skyworks offers lead (Pb)-free, RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) compliant packaging.
Description
The SKY73134 is a wideband integer-N frequency synthesizer with an approximately 6 GHz locking range. The device includes four differential Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCOs), which cover the output frequency range from 2.8 GHz to 5.6 GHz. By applying internal VCO division by 1, 2, 3, 4, or 8, the output frequency range can be increased from 0.375 GHz to 5.6 GHz, monitored at the RF output. The direct, non-divided internal VCO frequency can also be monitored at the bidirectional VCO pins. The VCO selection can be automatic based on the target RF output. The flexible SKY74134 configuration allows the loop to be locked by an external VCO or external Phase Locked Loop (PLL), or the device can use the divider chain only. The SKY73134 is controlled by a bidirectional read/write serial to parallel interface. The SKY73134 frequency synthesizer is manufactured with a BiCMOS 0.18 μm SiGe process and provided in a compact, 32-pin RF Land Grid Array (RFLGA). The pin configuration and package are shown in Figure 1. A functional block diagram is shown in Figure 2. Signal pin assignments and functional pin descriptions are provided in Table 1. S1839 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 VCC_VCO VCC_CAP VCO_RES OUT_BUFP OUT_BUFN VCC_OBUF DIV_CAP DIV_RES VCC_DIV CLK DATA LE EXT_VCON EXT_VCOP PLL_RES REF_CLK GND_REF VCC_REF VCTRL VCC_PLL VCO_CP CP_OUT LF_CTRL LD_OUT VCC_DIG N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C N/C Figure 1. SKY73134 Pinout – 32-Pin RFLGA
Figure 2. SKY73134 Block Diagram Table 1. SKY73134 Signal Descriptions
1 VCC_VCO Supply for VCO 17 VCC_REF Supply for reference buffer
2 VCC_CAP External capacitor for VCO bias connected
18 GND_REF Reference buffer ground
3 VCO_RES External 15 k Ω resistor to set VCO bias 19 REF_CLK Reference clock input
4 OUT_BUFP Positive LO output 20 PLL_RES External 24 k Ω resistor for the PLL/charge
5 OUT_BUFN Negative LO output 21 EXT_ VCOP Positive, external VCO input
6 VCC_OBUF Supply for output buffer 22 EXT_VCON Negative, external VCO input
7 DIV_CAP External capacitor for the divider bias
23 LE Latch enable input for the SPI
8 DIV_RES External 60 k Ω resistor to set the divider
24 DATA Data input for the SPI
9 VCC_DIV Supply for dividers 25 CLK Clock input for the SPI
10 VCTRL VCO tuning voltage 26 N/C No connection
11 VCC_PLL PLL supply 27 N/C No connection
12 VCC_CP Supply for charge pump 28 N/C No connection
13 CP_OUT Charge pump output 29 N/C No connection
14 LF_CTRL Loop filter component switch control 30 N/C No connection
15 LD_OUT Lock detect output 31 N/C No connection
16 VCC_DIG Supply for digital blocks 32 N/C No connection
PRELIMINARY DATA SHEET • SKY73134 FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com 201199A • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • Dec ember 15, 2009 3 Functional Description The SKY73134 is comprised of seven main functional blocks: 1. N-divider 2. R-divider 3. Phase detector 4. Charge pump 5. VCO and digital frequency VCO calibration 6. VCO dividers 7. Lock detect N-Divider The N-divider consists of a 64/65 prescaler, 12-bit main counter, and 6-bit swallow counter. The 18 bit N-divider ratio is calculated as: N = P × M – S Where: P = Prescaler value M = Main counter value S = Swallow counter value The N-divider range is from P 2 – P to 218, or it can vary from 4096 to 262144. For the 4 GHz VCO output, the minimum and maximum comparison frequency are defined as: F COMP_MIN = VCO/NMAX = 4/218 ≈ 15 kHz FCOMP_MAX = VCO/NMIN = 4/4096 ≈ 977 kHz R-Divider The 11-bit programmable R-divider divides the reference input frequency and generates the reference input for the phase detector. The R-divider range varies from 1 to 2 11 (2048). Since FCOMP= FREF/R-divider for a comparison frequency of 100 kHz, the maximum reference frequency could be 204.8 MHz. Phase Detector The phase detector is an edge-controlled digital circuit. The circuit has two inputs: the reference signal (Ref) and the N-divider output. There are two digital outputs (Up and Dn) that drive the charge pump. When the input phase difference is positive, the Up output is pulled up to VDD. When the input phase difference is negative, the Dn output is pulled down to ground. This type of phase detector acts only on the positive edges of the input signals. Charge Pump The charge pump is used to convert the logic levels of the Up and Dn pulses, carrying the phase error between the reference and the divided signal into analog quantities/current pulses. The output of the SKY73134 charge pump is programmable and varies between 0.9 mA and 5.4 mA. Additional adjustment of the charge pump current can be accomplished by changing the value of the external PLL bias resistor. VCO and Digital Frequency VCO Calibration The SKY73134 incorporates four VCOs. Each VCO covers a different frequency range between 2.7 and 6.0 GHz: xVCO 1: 2.7 to 3.4 GHz xVCO 2: 3.3 to 4.2 GHz xVCO 3: 3.8 to 4.8 GHz xVCO 4: 4.7 to 6.0 GHz The VCOs are designed to generate the LO signal with the tuning function controlled by the synthesizer. Each VCO uses a switch capacitor array and an analog varactor for digital tuning. The digital auto-tuning loop provides the proper 7-bit coarse tuning setting for the VCO switch capacitors. This sets the oscillation frequency as close to target as possible before starting fine analog tuning. When VCO auto-tuning is enabled, the PLL performs a seven-step successive approximation process to digitally tune the VCO close to the final programmed frequency. Once that is complete, analog tuning is enabled to lock the VCO to the programmed frequency. The auto-tuning loop is designed to compensate process variation so that the VCO fine tuning range can be reduced to cover temperature variation only. It significantly reduces VCO gain (Kv), which reduces the VCO phase noise. This ensures that the PLL is always locked. VCO Dividers The divider chain consists of dividers and LO drivers. Any VCO can be divided by 2, 3, 4, or 8, which improves the LO phase noise by 6 dB, 9.5 dB, 12 dB, and 18 dB, respectively. Using frequency division, the overall VCO range of the device is widened from 0.34 to 6.0 GHz. The output RF buffer has a programmable current that provides variation in the output RF level from –4 to +4 dBm. The direct non-divided VCO output can be monitored at the additional bidirectional internal/external VCO pins. The divider chain and the internal PLL can be locked by an external VCO.
Table 2. SPI Timing Requirements Figure 4. SPI Timing Diagram
Table 5. Electrical Specifications: Reference Input and Charge Pump (Note 1) Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table. Note 2: D is the VCO divider (1, 2, 3, 4, or 8). Table 6. SKY73134 Electrical Specifications: VCO and RF Output Characteristics (Note 1) Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table. Table 7. SKY73134 Electrical Specifications: Phase Noise Performance (1 of 3) (Note 1)
Table 7. SKY73134 Electrical Specifications: Phase Noise Performance (2 of 3) (Note 1)
Table 7. SKY73134 Electrical Specifications: Phase Noise Performance (3 of 3) (Note 1) Note 1: Performance is guaranteed only under the conditions listed in this Table. Evaluation Board is shown in Figure 10.
- Paths to ground should be made as short as possible.
- The ground pad of the SKY73134 has special electrical and
- Skyworks recommends including external bypass capacitors
on the VCC voltage inputs of the device. Figure 11. Figure 12 shows the package dimensions for the 25-pin LGA and Figure 13 provides the tape and reel dimensions. subjected to high temperature during solder assembly. Packages, document number 103147. done manually or in a production solder reflow environment.
Figure 8. SKY73134 Evaluation Board Assembly Diagram
Figure 9. SKY73134 Evaluation Board Layer Detail
Figure 10. SKY73134 Evaluation Board Schematic
Figure 11. PCB Layout Footprint for the SKY73134 5 x 5 mm RFLGA
0.05 A B C
0.05 M A B C
0.025 M A
Figure 12. SKY73134 32-Pin RFLGA Package Dimensions
Figure 13. SKY73134 Tape and Reel Dimensions
PRELIMINARY DATA SHEET • SKY73134 FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER Skyworks Solutions, Inc. • Phone [781] 376-3000 • Fax [781] 376-3100 • sales@skyworksinc.com • www.skyworksinc.com 201199A • Skyworks Proprietary Information • Products and Product Information are Subject to Change Without Notice • Dec ember 15, 2009 17
Ordering Information
Model Name Manufacturing Part Number Evaluation Kit Part Number SKY73134 Frequency Synthesizer SKY73134-xx (Pb-free package) TW18-D170 Copyright © 2009 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Information in this document is provided in connection with Skyworks Solutions, Inc. (“Skyworks”) products or services. These materials, including the information contained herein, are provided by Skyworks as a service to its customers and may be used for informational purposes only by the customer. Skyworks assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in these materials or the information contained herein. Skyworks may change its documentation, products, services, specifications or product descriptions at any time, without notice. Skyworks makes no commitment to update the materials or information and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for conflicts, incompatibilities, or other difficulties arising from any future changes. No license, whether express, implied, by estoppel or otherwise, is granted to any intellectual property rights by this document. Skyworks assumes no liability for any materials, products or information provided hereunder, including the sale, distribution, reproduction or use of Skyworks products, information or materials, except as may be provided in Skyworks Terms and Conditions of Sale. THE MATERIALS, PRODUCTS AND INFORMATION ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, MERCHANTABILITY, PERFORMANCE, QUALITY OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT; ALL SUCH WARRANTIES ARE HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. SKYWORKS DOES NOT WARRANT THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE INFORMATION, TEXT, GRAPHICS OR OTHER ITEMS CONTAINED WITHIN THESE MATERIALS. SKYWORKS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, STATUTORY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST REVENUES OR LOST PROFITS THAT MAY RESULT FROM THE USE OF THE MATERIALS OR INFORMATION, WHETHER OR NOT THE RECIPIENT OF MATERIALS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. Skyworks products are not intended for use in medical, lifesaving or life-sustaining applications, or other equipment in which the failure of the Skyworks products could lead to personal injury, death, physical or environmental damage. Skyworks customers using or selling Skyworks products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Skyworks for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. Customers are responsible for their products and applications using Skyworks products, which may deviate from published specifications as a result of design defects, errors, or operation of products outside of published parameters or design specifications. Customers should include design and operating safeguards to minimize these and other risks. Skyworks assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, or damage to any equipment resulting from the use of Skyworks products outside of stated published specifications or parameters. Skyworks, the Skyworks symbol, and “Breakthrough Simplicity” are trademarks or registered trademarks of Skyworks Solutions, Inc., in the United States and other countries. Third-party brands and names are for identification purposes only, and are the property of their respective owners. Additional information, including relevant terms and conditions, posted at www.skyworksinc.com, are incorporated by reference.