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DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. www.taosinc.com
Features
/C0068Digital Proximity Detector, LED Driver, and IR LED in a Single Optical Module /C0068Proximity Detection − Calibrated to 100-mm Detection − Integrated IR LED and Synchronous LED Driver − Programmable Number of IR Pulses − Programmable Current Sink for the IR LED — No Limiting Resistor Needed − Programmable Interrupt Function with Upper and Lower Threshold /C0068Programmable Wait Timer − Wait State — 65 /C0109A Typical Current − Programmable from 2.72 ms to > 8 Seconds /C0068I2C Interface Compatible − Up to 400 kHz (I2C Fast Mode) /C0068Dedicated Interrupt Pin /C00683.94 mm /C0121 2.36 mm /C0121 1.35 mm Package /C0068Sleep Mode — 2.5 /C0109A Typical
Applications
/C0068Cell Phone Touch Screen Disable /C0068Automatic Speakerphone Enable /C0068Automatic Menu Popup
Description
The TMD2671 family of devices provides a complete proximity detection system and digital interface logic in a single 8-pin package. The proximity detector includes a digital proximity sensor with integrated LED driver, and IR LED. The proximity function is calibrated to 100 mm (without cover glass), thus eliminating the need for end-equipment or sub-assembly factory calibration. The proximity detection feature operates from sunlight to dark rooms. The wide dynamic range also allows for operation in short distance detection behind dark glass such as with a cell phone. An internal state machine provides the ability to put the device into a low-power mode providing very low average power consumption. The addition of the micro-optics lenses within the module provide highly efficient transmission and reception of infrared energy, which lowers overall power dissipation for the detection function. The proximity function specifically targets near-field proximity applications. In cell phones, the proximity detection can detect when the user positions the phone close to their ear. The device is fast enough to provide proximity information at a high repetition rate needed when answering a phone call. This provides both improved green power saving capability and the added security to lock the screen when the user may accidently deploy a touch. Communication with the device is accomplished with a simple 2-wire I 2C interface with data rates up to 400 kHz. An interrupt output pin is provided for connection to the host processor. This interrupt pin can be used to eliminate the need to poll the device on a repetitive basis. There is also a digital filter that compares the proximity ADC results to programmed values so that an interrupt is only generated upon a proximity event. The TMD2671 is packaged in a very small form factor 8-pin optical package. The PCB board area required is only 9.36 mm2, which is far smaller than discrete solutions. Also, the package height is only 1.35 mm, which makes the TMD2671 device suitable for very thin mechanical applications. /C0114 /C0114 Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc.
1001 Klein Road /C0083 Suite 300 /C0083 Plano, TX 75074 /C0083 (972) 673-0759
MODULE−8 (TOP VIEW) VDD 1 SCL 2 GND 3 LEDA 4
8 SDA
7 INT
6 LDR
5 LEDK
Package Drawing is Not to Scale ams AG Technical content still valid
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company www.taosinc.com Functional Block Diagram SDA INT SCL Wait Control Prox ADC Prox Control Prox Data IR LED Constant Current Sink Prox Integration Upper Limit Lower Limit Interrupt I2C Interface GND Channel 1 LEDA LEDK VDDLDR Channel 0 Detailed Description A fully integrated proximity detection solution is provided with an 850-nm IR LED, LED driver circuit, and proximity detection engine. An internal LED driver (LDR) pin, is connected to the LED cathode (LEDK) to provide a factory calibrated proximity of 100 mm, ± 20 mm. This is accomplished with a proprietary current calibration technique that accounts for all variances in silicon, optics, package, and most important, IR LED output power. This eliminates or greatly reduces the need for factory calibration that is required for most discrete proximity sensor solutions. While the device is factory calibrated at a given pulse count, the number of proximity LED pulses can be programmed from 1 to 255 pulses, which allows different proximity distances to be achieved. Each pulse has a 16 μs period, with a 7.2 μs on time. The device provides a separate pin for level-style interrupts. When interrupts are enabled and a pre-set value is exceeded, the interrupt pin is asserted and remains asserted until cleared by the controlling firmware. The interrupt feature simplifies and improves system efficiency by eliminating the need to poll a sensor for a proximity value. An interrupt is generated when the value of a proximity conversion exceeds either an upper or lower threshold. In addition, a programmable interrupt persistence feature allows the user to determine how many consecutive exceeded thresholds are necessary to trigger an interrupt. ams AG Technical content still valid
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. www.taosinc.com Terminal Functions TERMINAL TYPE DESCRIPTIONNAME NO. TYPE DESCRIPTION GND 3 Power supply ground. All voltages are referenced to GND. INT 7 O Interrupt — open drain. LDR 6 I LED driver input for proximity IR LED, constant current source LED driver. LEDA 4 I LED anode. LEDK 5 O LED cathode. Connect to LDR pin when using internal LED driver circuit. SCL 2 I I2C serial clock input terminal — clock signal for I 2C serial data. SDA 8 I/O I2C serial data I/O terminal — serial data I/O for I 2C . VDD 1 Supply voltage. Available Options DEVICE ADDRESS LEADS INTERFACE DESCRIPTION ORDERING NUMBER TMD26711 0x39 8 I2C Vbus = VDD Interface TMD26711 TMD26713 0x39 8 I2C Vbus = 1.8 V Interface TMD26713 Absolute Maximum Ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)† † Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. NOTE 1: All voltages are with respect to GND. Recommended Operating Conditions MIN NOM MAX UNIT Supply voltage, VDD 2.6 3 3.6 V Supply voltage accuracy, VDD total error including transients −3 3 % Operating free-air temperature, TA (Note 2) −30 85 °C NOTE 2: While the device is operational across the temperature range, functionality will vary with temperature. Specifications a re stated only at 25°C unless otherwise noted. ams AG Technical content still valid
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company www.taosinc.com Operating Characteristics, VDD = 3 V, TA = 25/C0053C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Active: Proximity and Wait Delay states 175 250 IDD Supply current Wait mode 65 μAIDD Supply current Sleep mode 2.5 4 μA V INT SDA output low voltage 3 mA sink current 0 0.4 VVOL INT, SDA output low voltage 6 mA sink current 0 0.6 V ILEAK Leakage current, SDA, SCL, INT pins −5 5 μA ILEAK Leakage current, LDR pin 10 μA V SCL SDA input high voltage TMD26711 0.7 VDD VVIH SCL, SDA input high voltage TMD26713 1.25 V V SCL SDA input low voltage TMD26711 0.3 VDD VVIL SCL, SDA input low voltage TMD26713 0.54 V Proximity Characteristics, VDD = VLEDA = 3 V, TA = 25/C0053C, PEN = 1 (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT IDD Supply current — LDR pulse on 3 mA ADC conversion time step size PTIME = 0xFF 2.72 ms ADC number of integration steps 1 256 steps ADC counts per step PTIME = 0xFF 0 1023 counts Proximity IR LED pulse count 0 255 pulses Proximity pulse period 16.3 μs PDRIVE = 0 (100% current) 100 I LED current @ V 600 mV LDR pin sink (Note 1) PDRIVE = 1 (50% current) 50 mAILEDA LED current @ V 600 mV, LDR pin sink (Note 1) PDRIVE = 2 (25% current) 25 mA PDRIVE = 3 (12.5% current) 12.5 TLDR On time per pulse PDRIVE = 1 7.2 μs Proximity response, no target (offset) PDRIVE = 0, PPULSE = 8 (Note 2) 100 Counts Prox count, 100-mm target (Note 3) 73 mm × 83 mm, 90% reflective Kodak Gray Card, PPULSE = 8, PDRIVE = 0, PTIME = 0xFF (Note 4) 414 520 624 counts NOTES: 1. Value is factory-adjusted to meet the Prox count specification. Considerable variation (relative to the typical value) is possible after adjustment. 2. No reflective surface above the module. Proximity offset varies with power supply characteristics and noise. 3. I LEDA is factory calibrated to achieve this specification. Offset and crosstalk directly sum with this value and is system dependent. 4. No glass or aperture above the module. Tested value is the average of 5 consecutive readings. 5. These parameters are ensured by design and characterization and are not 100% tested. 6. Proximity test was done using the following circuit. See the Application Information: Hardware section for recommended application circuit. TMD2671 VDD 1 /C0109F 4VDD GND LDR LEDK LEDA 1 /C0109F 22 /C0109F ams AG Technical content still valid
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. www.taosinc.com IR LED Characteristics, VDD = 3 V, TA = 25/C0053C PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT VF Forward Voltage IF = 20 mA 1.4 1.5 V VR Reverse Voltage IR = 10 μA 5 V PO Radiant Power IF = 20 mA 4.5 mW λp Peak Wavelength IF = 20 mA 850 nm Δλ Spectral Radiation Bandwidth IF = 20 mA 40 nm TR Optical Rise Time IF = 100 mA, TW = 125 ns, duty cycle = 25% 20 40 ns TF Optical Fall Time IF = 100 mA, TW = 125 ns, duty cycle = 25% 20 40 ns Wait Characteristics, VDD = 3 V, TA = 25/C0053C, WEN = 1 (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Wait step size WTIME = 0xFF 2.72 2.9 ms Wait number of integration steps 1 256 steps PARAMETER† TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT f(SCL) Clock frequency (I2C only) 0 400 kHz t(BUF) Bus free time between start and stop condition 1.3 μs t(HDSTA) Hold time after (repeated) start condition. After this period, the first clock is generated. 0.6 μs t(SUSTA) Repeated start condition setup time 0.6 μs t(SUSTO) Stop condition setup time 0.6 μs t(HDDAT) Data hold time 0 μs t(SUDAT) Data setup time 100 ns t(LOW) SCL clock low period 1.3 μs t(HIGH) SCL clock high period 0.6 μs tF Clock/data fall time 300 ns tR Clock/data rise time 300 ns Ci Input pin capacitance 10 pF † Specified by design and characterization; not production tested. ams AG Technical content still valid
Figure 1. Timing Diagrams
conversion is complete and then go into a low-power sleep mode. Figure 5. Simplified State Diagram power on (PON) is in register 0, bit 0. This is represented as PON (r0:b0).
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company www.taosinc.com Referring again to Figure 7, the reflected IR LED and the background energy is integrated during the LED On time, then during the LED Off time, the integrated background energy is subtracted from the LED On time energy, leaving the IR LED energy to accumulate from pulse to pulse. After the programmed number of proximity pulses have been generated, the proximity ADC converts and scales the proximity measurement to a 16-bit value, then stores the result in two 8-bit proximity data (PDATAx) registers. ADC scaling is controlled by the proximity ADC conversion time (PTIME) which is programmable from 1 to 256 2.73-ms time units. However, depending on the application, scaling the proximity data will equally scale any accumulated noise. Therefore, in general, it is recommended to leave PTIME at the default value of one 2.73-ms ADC conversion time (0xFF). For additional information on using the proximity detection function behind glass and for optical system design guidance, please see available TAOS application notes. Optical Design Considerations The TMD2671 device simplifies the optical system design by integrating an IR LED into the package, and also by providing an effective barrier between the LED and proximity sensor. In addition the package contains integrated lenses and apertures over both the LED and the sensor, which significantly extends the maximum proximity detection distance and helps to reduce optical crosstalk. Although the package integrates an optical barrier between the IR LED and detector, placing the device behind a cover glass potentially provides another significant path for IR light to reach the detector, via reflection from the inside and outside faces of the cover glass. Because it is cost prohibitive to use anti-reflection coatings on the glass, the faces of the glass will reflect significantly (typically on the order of 4% of the light), and it is crucial that the system be designed so that this reflected light cannot find an efficient path back to the optical detector. See TAOS Application Note DN28: Proximity Detection Behind Glass for a detailed discussion of optical design considerations. ams AG Technical content still valid
Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. a proximity value. The interrupt mode is determined by the state of the PIEN field in the ENABLE register. below the lower threshold (PILTx). on the length of the persistence. Figure 8. Programmable Interrupt
conversion states. As soon as the conversion is complete, the state machine will move to the Wait Check state. move to the 2.72-ms Wait Delay state before returning to the Start state. Figure 9. Expanded State Diagram
Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. average power consumption of 136 μA current with four 100-mA pulses of proximity detection.
4 IR LED Pulses
Figure 10. Power Consumption Calculations
The I2C standard provides for three types of bus transaction: read, write, and a combined protocol (Figure 11). commands can also be used to clear interrupts. review the NXP I2C design specification at http://www.i2c−bus.org/references/. Figure 11. I2C Protocols
Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. ADC conversions. The register set is summarized in Table 1. Table 1. Register Address NOTE 1: Following power on, this register should be initialized to 0xFF. control/status register for following read/write operations.
The command registers specifies the address of the target register for future write and read operations. Table 2. Command Register COMMAND 7 Select Command Register. Must write as 1 when addressing COMMAND register.
00 Repeated byte protocol transaction
01 Auto-increment protocol transaction
10 Reserved — Do not use
11 Special function — See description below
Transaction type 00 will repeatedly read the same register with each data access. Transaction type 01 will provide an auto-increment function to read successive register bytes.
00000 Normal — no action
00101 Proximity interrupt clear
Proximity Interrupt Clear clears any pending proximity interrupt. This special function is self clearing. The ENABLE register is used to power the device on/off, enable functions, and interrupts. Table 3. Enable Register Reserved 7:6 Reserved. Write as 0. PIEN 5 Proximity interrupt mask. When asserted, permits proximity interrupts to be generated. Reserved 4 Reserved. Write as 0. disables proximity. The Wait Time register should be configured before asserting proximity enable. a 1 activates the oscillator. Writing a 0 disables the oscillator. NOTES: 1. See Power Management section for more information.
- A minimum interval of 2.72 ms must pass after PON is asserted before proximity can be initiated. This required time is enforced
by the hardware in cases where the firmware does not provide it.
Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. (the longest duration). This register should be initialized by the application code to 0xFF. Table 4. ALS Timing Register recommended that this register be programmed to a value of 0xFF (1 integration cycle). Table 5. Proximity Time Control Register longer. WTIME is programmed as a 2’s complement number. Table 6. Wait Time Register NOTE: The Wait Time register should be configured before PEN is asserted. lower threshold specified, or above the higher threshold, an interrupt is signaled to the host processor. Table 7. Proximity Interrupt Threshold Register
produced a result that is outside of the values specified by threshold register for some specified amount of time. Table 8. Persistence Register PPERS 7:4 Proximity interrupt persistence. Controls rate of proximity interrupt to the host processor. Reserved 3:0 Default setting is 0x00. The configuration register sets the wait long time. Table 9. Configuration Register Reserved 7:2 Reserved. Write as 0. Reserved 0 Reserved. Write as 0.
Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. the number of pulses to be transmitted at a 62.5-kHz rate. recommended that 32 or fewer pulses be used to achieve maximum signal-to-noise ratio. Table 10. Proximity Pulse Count Register PPULSE 7:0 Proximity Pulse Count. Specifies the number of proximity pulses to be generated. and diode selection functions. Table 11. Control Register PDRIVE 7:6 LED Drive Strength. PDIODE 5:4 Proximity Diode Select.
00 Reserved
01 Proximity uses the Channel 0 diode
10 Proximity uses the Channel 1 diode
11 Proximity uses both diodes
Reserved 3:0 Reserved. Write bits as 0. specification shown on page 4.
The ID Register provides the value for the part number. The ID register is a read-only register. Table 12. ID Register The Status Register provides the internal status of the device. This register is read only. Table 13. Status Register PINT 5 Proximity Interrupt. Indicates that the device is asserting a proximity interrupt. the reading of the lower and upper registers.
recommended surface finish for the landing pads. NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in mm. B. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Figure 14. Suggested Module PCB Layout
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. www.taosinc.com
PACKAGE INFORMATION
/C0106 1.0 0.60 0.25 3.73 /C0043 0.1 3.94 /C0043 0.2 Detector LED TOP VIEW SIDE VIEW BOTTOM VIEW Lead Free Pb END VIEW /C0106 0.9 1.18 0.58 2.36 /C0043 0.2 2.10 /C0043 0.1 1.35 /C0043 0.2 0.05 0.72 0.80 2.40 NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Dimension tolerance is ± 0.05 mm unless otherwise noted. B. Contacts are copper with NiPdAu plating. C. This package contains no lead (Pb). D. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Figure 15. Module Packaging Configuration
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Dimension tolerance is ± 0.10 mm unless otherwise noted. B. The dimensions on this drawing are for illustrative purposes only. Dimensions of an actual carrier may vary slightly. C. Symbols on drawing A o, Bo, and Ko are defined in ANSI EIA Standard 481−B 2001. D. Each reel is 330 millimeters in diameter and contains 2500 parts. E. TAOS packaging tape and reel conform to the requirements of EIA Standard 481−B. F. In accordance with EIA standard, device pin 1 is located next to the sprocket holes in the tape. G. This drawing is subject to change without notice. Figure 16. Module Carrier Tape
Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. process, equipment, and materials used in these test are detailed below. be limited to a maximum of three passes through this solder reflow profile. Table 15. Solder Reflow Profile Figure 17. Solder Reflow Profile Graph
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company www.taosinc.com STORAGE INFORMATION Moisture Sensitivity Optical characteristics of the device can be adversely affected during the soldering process by the release and vaporization of moisture that has been previously absorbed into the package. To ensure the package contains the smallest amount of absorbed moisture possible, each device is dry-baked prior to being packed for shipping. Devices are packed in a sealed aluminized envelope called a moisture barrier bag with silica gel to protect them from ambient moisture during shipping, handling, and storage before use. The Moisture Barrier Bags should be stored under the following conditions: Temperature Range < 40° C Relative Humidity < 90% Total Time No longer than 12 months from the date code on the aluminized envelope if unopened. Rebaking of the reel will be required if the devices have been stored unopened for more than 12 months and the Humidity Indicator Card shows the parts to be out of the allowable moisture region. Opened reels should be used within 168 hours if exposed to the following conditions: Temperature Range < 30° C Relative Humidity < 60% If rebaking is required, it should be done at 50°C for 12 hours. The Module has been assigned a moisture sensitivity level of MSL 3. ams AG Technical content still valid
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. www.taosinc.com PRODUCTION DATA — information in this document is current at publication date. Products conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. LEAD-FREE (Pb-FREE) and GREEN STATEMENT Pb-Free (RoHS) TAOS’ terms Lead-Free or Pb-Free mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TAOS Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) TAOS defines Green to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material). Important Information and Disclaimer The information provided in this statement represents TAOS’ knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TAOS bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TAOS has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TAOS and TAOS suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. NOTICE Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions, Inc. (TAOS) reserves the right to make changes to the products contained in this document to improve performance or for any other purpose, or to discontinue them without notice. Customers are advised to contact TAOS to obtain the latest product information before placing orders or designing TAOS products into systems. TAOS assumes no responsibility for the use of any products or circuits described in this document or customer product design, conveys no license, either expressed or implied, under any patent or other right, and makes no representation that the circuits are free of patent infringement. TAOS further makes no claim as to the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does TAOS assume any liability arising out of the use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. TEXAS ADVANCED OPTOELECTRONIC SOLUTIONS, INC. PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED OR INTENDED FOR USE IN CRITICAL APPLICATIONS IN WHICH THE FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION OF THE TAOS PRODUCT MAY RESULT IN PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH. USE OF TAOS PRODUCTS IN LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IS EXPRESSLY UNAUTHORIZED AND ANY SUCH USE BY A CUSTOMER IS COMPLETELY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK. LUMENOLOGY, TAOS, the TAOS logo, and Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions are registered trademarks of Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Incorporated. ams AG Technical content still valid
DIGITAL PROXIMITY DETECTOR TAOS144B − SEPTEMBER 2012 /C0114 /C0114 Copyright /C0069 2012, TAOS Inc. The LUMENOLOGY /C0114 Company www.taosinc.com ams AG Technical content still valid