TL391B-Q1 TI | Alldatasheet

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Technical content

TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 and TL331-Q1 Automotive Single Comparators

1 Features

  • Qualified for automotive applications
  • AEC-Q100 qualified with the following results: – Device temperature grade 0: –40°C to 150°C ambient operating temperature range (E version) – Device temperature grade 1: –40°C to 125°C ambient operating temperature range (B and Q versions) – Device temperature grade 3: –40°C to 85°C ambient operating temperature range (I version) – Device HBM ESD classification level 2 – Device CDM ESD classification level C5
  • NEW TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1
  • Wide range of supply voltage, 2V to 36V
  • Low supply-current drain independent of supply voltage: 0.43mA Typ (B version)
  • Low input bias current, 3.5nA typ (B version)
  • Low input offset voltage, 0.37mV typ (B Version)
  • Differential input voltage range equal to maximum- rated supply voltage, ±36V
  • Input range includes ground
  • TL391B-Q1 provides an alternate pinout
  • Output compatible With TTL, MOS and CMOS

2 Applications

  • Automotive
  • HEV/EV and power train
  • Infotainment and cluster
  • Body control module

3 Description

The TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1 devices are the next generation versions of the industry-standard TL331-Q1 comparator. These next generation devices provide outstanding value for cost-sensitive applications, with features including lower offset voltage, higher supply voltage capability, lower supply current, lower input bias current, lower propagation delay, dedicated ESD protection cells with improved negative input voltage handling. The TL331B-Q1 can drop-in replace both the TL331-Q1 "I" and "Q" versions. The TL391B-Q1 provides an alternate pinout of the TL331B-Q1. The TL331E-Q1 extends the temp range up to 150ºC, meeting AEC-Q100 Grade 0 temperature requirements. This device consists of a single voltage comparator designed to operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from dual supplies also is possible if the difference between the two supplies is 2V to 36V and V CC is at least 1.5V more positive than the input common-mode voltage. Current drain is independent of the supply voltage. To achieve wired-AND relationships, one can connect the output to other open-collector outputs. Device Information PART NUMBER PACKAGE (1) BODY SIZE (NOM) TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1, TL331-Q1, TL331E-Q1 SOT-23 (5) 2.90mm × 1.60mm (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet. Family Comparison Table Specification TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1 TL331I-Q1 TL331Q-Q1 TL331E-Q1 Units Supply Voltage 2 to 36 2 to 36 2 to 36 2 to 36 V Total Supply Current (5V to 36V max) 0.43 0.7 0.7 0.7 mA Temperature Range −40 to 125 -40 to 85 -40 to 125 -40 to 150 °C ESD (HBM) 2000 2000 2000 2000 V Offset Voltage (Max over temp) ± 4 ± 9 ± 9 ± 9 mV Input Bias Current (typ / max) 3.5 / 25 25 / 250 25 / 250 25 / 250 nA Response Time (typ) 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 µsec TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED, this document contains PRODUCTION DATA.

5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings, TL331-Q1,

5.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings, TL331B-Q1 and

5.4 Recommended Operating Conditions, TL331-

5.5 Recommended Operating Conditions, TL331B-

5.7 Electrical Characteristics, TL331B-Q1 and

5.8 Switching Characteristics, TL331B-Q1 and

5.10 Switching Characteristics, TL331-Q1, TL331E-

10 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable

TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

4 Pin Configuration and Functions

Note reversed inputs compared to similar popular pinout Figure 4-1. TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1 DBV Package 5-Pin SOT-23 Top View 3 4 IN+ VCC IN- OUT GND Note reversed inputs compared to similar popular pinout Figure 4-2. TL391B-Q1 DBV Package 5-Pin SOT-23 Top View Table 4-1. Pin Functions PIN TYPE DESCRIPTIONTL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1 NAME NO. NO. IN+ 3 4 I Positive Input IN– 1 3 I Negative Input OUT 4 1 O Open Collector/Drain Output VCC 5 5 — Power Supply Input GND 2 2 — Ground www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 3 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

5 Specifications

5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings, TL331-Q1, TL331E-Q1

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1) MIN MAX UNIT VCC Supply voltage(2) 0 36 V VID Differential input voltage(3) –36 36 V VI Input voltage range (either input) –0.3 36 V VO Output voltage 0 36 V IO Output current 0 20 mA Duration of output short-circuit to ground(4) Unlimited TJ Operating virtual junction temperature 150 °C Tstg Storage temperature –65 150 °C (1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods can affect device reliability. (2) All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to the network ground. (3) Differential voltages are at IN+ with respect to IN–. (4) Short circuits from outputs to VCC can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction.

5.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings, TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1) MIN MAX UNIT VCC Supply voltage(2) -0.3 38 V VID Differential input voltage(3) –38 38 V VI Input voltage range (either input) –0.3 38 V VO Output voltage -0.3 38 V IO Output current 20 mA Duration of output short-circuit to ground(4) Unlimited IIK Input current(5) –50 mA TJ Operating virtual junction temperature –40 150 °C Tstg Storage temperature –65 150 °C (1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods can affect device reliability. (2) All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to the network ground. (3) Differential voltages are at IN+ with respect to IN–. (4) Short circuits from outputs to VCC can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. (5) Input current flows thorough parasitic diode to ground and can turn on parasitic transistors that can increase ICC and can cause output to be incorrect. Normal operation resumes when input current is removed.

5.3 ESD Ratings, All Devices

V(ESD) Electrostatic discharge Human-body model (HBM), per AEC Q100-002(1) ±2000 V Charged-device model (CDM), per AEC Q100-0111 ±750 (1) AEC Q100-002 indicates that HBM stressing shall be in accordance with the ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 specification. TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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5.4 Recommended Operating Conditions, TL331-Q1, TL331E-Q1

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) MIN MAX UNIT VCC Supply voltage 2 36 V TJ Junction temperature, TL331IDBVRQ1 –40 85 °C TJ Junction temperature, TL331QDBVRQ1 –40 125 °C TJ Junction temperature, TL331EDBVRQ1 -40 150 °C

5.5 Recommended Operating Conditions, TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1

over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) MIN MAX UNIT VCC Supply voltage 2 36 V TJ Junction temperature –40 125 °C

5.6 Thermal Information

THERMAL METRIC(1) TL331x-Q1, TL391B-Q1 UNITDBV (SOT-23)

5 PINS

RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 211.7 °C/W RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 133.6 °C/W RθJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 79.9 °C/W ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 56.4 °C/W ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 79.6 °C/W (1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics report. www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 5 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

5.7 Electrical Characteristics, TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1

VS = 5V, VCM = (V–) ; TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted). PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT VIO Input offset voltage VS = 5 to 36V –2.5 ±0.37 2.5 mV VS = 5 to 36V, TA = –40°C to +125°C –4 4 IB Input bias current –3.5 –25 nA TA = –40°C to +125°C –50 nA IOS Input offset current –10 ±0.5 10 nA TA = –40°C to +125°C –25 25 nA VCM Common mode range AVD Large signal differential voltage amplification VS = 15V, VO = 1.4V to 11.4V; RL ≥ 15k to (V+) 50 200 V/mV VOL Low level output Voltage {swing from (V–)} ISINK ≤ 4mA, VID = -1V 110 400 mV ISINK ≤ 4mA, VID = -1V TA = –40°C to +125°C 550 mV IOH-LKG High-level output leakage current (V+) = VO = 5V; VID = 1V 0.1 20 nA IOH-LKG High-level output leakage current (V+) = VO = 36V; VID = 1V; TA = –40°C to +125°C 1000 nA IOL Low level output current VOL = 1.5V; VID = -1V; VS = 5V 6 18 mA IQ Quiescent current VS = 5V, no load 210 330 µA VS = 36V, no load, TA = –40°C to +125°C 275 430 µA

5.8 Switching Characteristics, TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1

VS = 5V, VO_PULLUP = 5V, VCM = VS/2, CL = 15pF, RL = 5.1k Ohm, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted). PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT tresponse Propagation delay time, high-to-low; Small scale input signal (1) Input overdrive = 5mV, Input step = 100mV 1000 ns tresponse Propagation delay time, high-to-low; TTL input signal (1) TTL input with Vref = 1.4V 300 ns (1) High-to-low and low-to-high refers to the transition at the input. TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

5.9 Electrical Characteristics, TL331-Q1, TL331E-Q1

at specified free-air temperature, VCC = 5V (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS(1) TA MIN TYP MAX UNIT VIO Input offset voltage VCC = 5V to 30V, VO = 1.4V, VIC = VIC(min) 25°C 2 5 mVOver Temp 9 IIO Input offset current VO = 1.4V 25°C 5 50 nAOver Temp 250 IIB Input bias current VO = 1.4V 25°C –25 –250 nAOver Temp –400 VICR Common-mode input voltage range(2) 25°C 0 to VCC – 1.5 VOver Temp 0 to VCC – 2 AVD Large-signal differential-voltage amplification VCC = 15V, VO = 1.4V to 11.4V, RL ≥ 15kΩ to VCC 25°C 50 200 V/mV IOH High-level output current VOH = 5V, VID = 1V 25°C 0.1 50 nA VOH = 30V, VID = 1V Over Temp 1 μA VOL Low-level output voltage IOL = 4mA, VID = –1V 25°C 150 400 mVOver Temp 700 IOL Low-level output current VOL = 1.5V, VID = –1V 25°C 6 mA ICC Supply current RL = ∞, VCC = 5V 25°C 0.4 0.7 mA (1) All characteristics are measured with zero common-mode input voltage, unless otherwise specified. (2) The voltage at either input or common-mode can not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V. The upper end of the common- mode voltage range is VCC+ – 1.5V at 25°C, but either or both inputs can go to 30V without damage.

5.10 Switching Characteristics, TL331-Q1, TL331E-Q1

VCC = 5V, TA = 25°C PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TYP UNIT Response time RL connected to 5V through 5.1kΩ, CL = 15pF(1) (2) 100mV input step with 5mV overdrive 1.3 μs TTL-level input step 0.3 (1) CL includes probe and jig capacitance. (2) The response time specified is the interval between the input step function and the instant when the output crosses 1.4V. www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 7 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

5.11 Typical Characteristics

TA = 25°C, VS = 5V, RPULLUP = 5.1k, CL = 15pF, VCM = 0V, VUNDERDRIVE = 100mV, VOVERDRIVE = 100mV unless otherwise noted. Supply Voltage (V) Supply Current (PA) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 No Load, Output High -40°C 0°C 25°C 85°C 125°C Figure 5-1. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Input Voltage (V) Total Supply Current (PA) 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 VS=3V -40°C 0°C 25°C 85°C 125°C Figure 5-2. Total Supply Current vs. Input Voltage at 3V Input Voltage (V) Total Supply Current (PA) 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 VS=5V -40°C 0°C 25°C 85°C 125°C Figure 5-3. Total Supply Current vs. Input Voltage at 3.3V Input Voltage (V) Total Supply Current (PA) 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 VS=5V -40°C 0°C 25°C 85°C 125°C Figure 5-4. Total Supply Current vs. Input Voltage at 5V Input Voltage (V) Total Supply Current (PA) -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 VS=12V -40°C 0°C 25°C 85°C 125°C Figure 5-5. Total Supply Current vs. Input Voltage at 12V Input Voltage (V) Total Supply Current (PA) -1 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 VS=36V -40°C 0°C 25°C 85°C 125°C Figure 5-6. Total Supply Current vs. Input Voltage at 36V TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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5.11 Typical Characteristics (continued)

TA = 25°C, VS = 5V, RPULLUP = 5.1k, CL = 15pF, VCM = 0V, VUNDERDRIVE = 100mV, VOVERDRIVE = 100mV unless otherwise noted. Supply Voltage (V) Input Bias Current (nA) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 -4.5 -3.5 -2.5 -1.5 -0.5 VCM=0V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-7. Input Bias Current vs. Supply Voltage Input Voltage (V) Input Bias Current (nA) -4.5 -3.5 -2.5 -1.5 -0.5 VS=5V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-8. Input Bias Current vs. Input Voltage at 5V Input Voltage (V) Input Bias Current (nA) -4.5 -3.5 -2.5 -1.5 -0.5 VS=12V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-9. Input Bias Current vs. Input Voltage at 12V Input Voltage (V) Input Bias Current (nA) 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 -4.5 -3.5 -2.5 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 VS=36V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-10. Input Bias Current vs. Input Voltage at 36V Supply Voltage (V) Input Offset Voltage (mV) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 TA = -40°C

63 Channels

Figure 5-11. Input Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage at -40°C Supply Voltage (V) Input Offset Voltage (mV) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 TA = 25°C 63 Channels Figure 5-12. Input Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage at 25°C www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 9 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

TA = 25°C, VS = 5V, RPULLUP = 5.1k, CL = 15pF, VCM = 0V, VUNDERDRIVE = 100mV, VOVERDRIVE = 100mV unless otherwise noted. Supply Voltage (V) Input Offset Voltage (mV) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 TA = 85°C Figure 5-13. Input Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage at 85°C Supply Voltage (V) Input Offset Voltage (mV) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 TA = 125°C 63 Channels Figure 5-14. Input Offset Voltage vs. Supply Voltage at 125°C Temperature (°C) Input Offset Voltage (mV) -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 VS = 3V

63 Units

Figure 5-15. Input Offset Voltage vs. Temperature at 3V Temperature (°C) Input Offset Voltage (mV) -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 VS = 5V 63 Units Figure 5-16. Input Offset Voltage vs. Temperature at 5V Temperature (°C) Input Offset Voltage (mV) -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 VS = 12V VS = 12V Figure 5-17. Input Offset Voltage vs. Temperature at 12V Temperature (°C) Input Offset Voltage (mV) -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 -1.5 -0.5 0.5 1.5 VS = 36V 63 Units Figure 5-18. Input Offset Voltage vs. Temperature at 36V TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

TA = 25°C, VS = 5V, RPULLUP = 5.1k, CL = 15pF, VCM = 0V, VUNDERDRIVE = 100mV, VOVERDRIVE = 100mV unless otherwise noted. Output Sinking Current (A) Output Voltage to GND (V) 10P 100P 1m 10m 100m 10m 100m VS = 3V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-19. Output Low Voltage vs. Output Sinking Current at Output Sinking Current (A) Output Voltage to GND (V) 10P 100P 1m 10m 100m 10m 100m VS = 5V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-20. Output Low Voltage vs. Output Sinking Current at Output Sinking Current (A) Output Voltage to GND (V) 10P 100P 1m 10m 100m 10m 100m VS = 12V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-21. Output Low Voltage vs. Output Sinking Current at 12V Output Sinking Current (A) Output Voltage to GND (V) 10P 100P 1m 10m 100m 10m 100m VS = 36V 125°C 85°C 25°C 0°C -40°C Figure 5-22. Output Low Voltage vs.Output Sinking Current at 36V Temperature (°C) Output High Leakage to GND (nA) -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 100 Output set high VOUT = VS Figure 5-23. Output High Leakage Current vs.Temperature at 5V Temperature (°C) Output High Leakage to GND (nA) -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 100 Output set high VOUT = VS Figure 5-24. Output High Leakage Current vs. Temperature at 36V www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 11 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

TA = 25°C, VS = 5V, RPULLUP = 5.1k, CL = 15pF, VCM = 0V, VUNDERDRIVE = 100mV, VOVERDRIVE = 100mV unless otherwise noted. Input Overdrive (mV) Propagation Delay, High to Low (ns) 5 6 78 10 20 30 4050 70 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 VS = 5V VCM = 0V CL = 15pF RP = 5.1k 125°C 85°C 25°C -40°C Figure 5-25. High to Low Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive Voltage, 5V Input Overdrive (mV) Propagation Delay, Low to High (ns) 5 6 78 10 20 30 4050 70 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 VS = 5V VCM = 0V CL = 15pF RP = 5.1k 125°C 85°C 25°C -40°C Figure 5-26. Low to High Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive Voltage, 5V Input Overdrive (mV) Propagation Delay, High to Low (ns) 5 6 78 10 20 30 4050 70 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 VS = 12V VCM = 0V CL = 15pF RP = 5.1k 125°C 85°C 25°C -40°C Figure 5-27. High to Low Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive Voltage, 12V Input Overdrive (mV) Propagation Delay, Low to High (ns) 5 6 78 10 20 30 4050 70 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 VS = 12V VCM = 0V CL = 15pF RP = 5.1k 125°C 85°C 25°C -40°C Figure 5-28. Low to High Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive Voltage, 12V Input Overdrive (mV) Propagation Delay, High to Low (ns) 5 6 78 10 20 30 4050 70 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 VS = 36V VCM = 0V CL = 15pF RP = 5.1k 125°C 85°C 25°C -40°C Figure 5-29. High to Low Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive Voltage, 36V Input Overdrive (mV) Propagation Delay, Low to High (ns) 5 6 78 10 20 30 4050 70 100 200 300 500 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 VS = 36V VCM = 0V CL = 15pF RP = 5.1k 125°C 85°C 25°C -40°C Figure 5-30. Low to High Propagation Delay vs. Input Overdrive Voltage, 36V TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

TA = 25°C, VS = 5V, RPULLUP = 5.1k, CL = 15pF, VCM = 0V, VUNDERDRIVE = 100mV, VOVERDRIVE = 100mV unless otherwise noted. Time (Ps) Output Voltage (V) VREF = VCC/2 20mV Overdrive 5mV Overdrive 100mV Overdrive Figure 5-31. Response Time for Various Overdrives, High-to- Low Transition Time (Ps) Output Voltage (V) 20mV Overdrive 5mV Overdrive 100mV Overdrive VREF = VCC/2 Figure 5-32. Response Time for Various Overdrives, Low-to- High Transition www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 13 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

6 Detailed Description

6.1 Overview

The TL331-Q1 is a single comparator with the ability to operate up to 36V on the supply pin. This standard device has proven ubiquity and versatility across a wide range of applications. This is due to the very wide supply voltage range (2V to 36V), low Iq, and fast response. The open-collector output allows the user to configure the output's logic low voltage (V OL) and can be utilized to enable the comparator to be used in AND functionality. The TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1 are performance upgrades to industry standard TL331-Q1 using the latest semiconductor process technologies that allows for lower offset voltages, lower input bias and supply currents and faster response times. The TL331B can drop-in replace the "I" or "Q" versions of TL331-Q1. The TL391B- Q1 is an alternate pinout of the TL331B-Q1 for replacing competitive devices.

6.2 Functional Block Diagram

  • Input Q9 Q10 Q11 Q5 Q6 D2 D3 Q12 + Input Output VCC Internal Bias Itail I1 I2 Q13 Q14 ESD ESD VCM Clamp Q15

6.3 Feature Description

The TL331-Q1 consists of a PNP Darlington pair input, allowing the device to operate with very high gain and fast response with minimal input bias current. The input Darlington pair creates a limit on the input common mode voltage capability, allowing TL331-Q1 to accurately function from ground to VCC – 1.5V differential input. A clamp (Q15) was added around Q3 to force the output low when both inputs are taken above the VCM range. The output consists of an open collector NPN (pull-down or low side) transistor. The output NPN sinks current when the negative input voltage is higher than the positive input voltage and the offset voltage. The VOL is resistive and scales with the output current. Please see Output Low Voltage vs. Output Sinking Current at 5V for VOL values with respect to the output current.

6.4 Device Functional Modes

6.4.1 Voltage Comparison

The TL331-Q1 operates solely as a voltage comparator, comparing the differential voltage between the positive and negative pins and outputting a logic low or high impedance (logic high with pull-up) based on the input differential polarity. TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

7 Application and Implementation

Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes, as well as validating and testing their design implementation to confirm system functionality.

7.1 Application Information

TL331-Q1 is typically used to compare a single signal to a reference or two signals against each other. Many users take advantage of the open collector output to drive the comparison logic output to a logic voltage level to an MCU or logic device. The wide supply range and high voltage capability makes TL331-Q1 an excellent choice for level shifting to a higher or lower voltage.

7.2 Typical Application

5 VVref

Figure 7-1. Typical Application Schematic

7.2.1 Design Requirements

For this design example, use the parameters listed in Table 7-1 as the input parameters. Table 7-1. Design Parameters DESIGN PARAMETER EXAMPLE VALUE Input Voltage Range 0V to VCC – 1.5V Supply Voltage 2V to 36V Logic Supply Voltage (RPULLUP Voltage) 2V to 36V Output Current (VLOGIC/RPULLUP) 1µA to 4mA Input Overdrive Voltage 100mV Reference Voltage 2.5V Load Capacitance (CL) 15pF

7.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure

When using TL331-Q1 in a general comparator application, determine the following:

  • Input voltage range
  • Minimum overdrive voltage
  • Output and drive current
  • Response time

7.2.2.1 Input Voltage Range

When choosing the input voltage range, the input common mode voltage range (V ICR) must be taken in to account. If temperature operation is above or below 25°C the V ICR can range from 0V to V CC – 1.5V. This limits www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 15 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

the input voltage range to as high as V CC – 1.5V and as low as 0V. Operation outside of this range can yield incorrect comparisons. Below is a list of input voltage situation and the outcomes: 1. When both IN- and IN+ are both within the common mode range: a. If IN- is higher than IN+ and the offset voltage, the output is low and the output transistor is sinking current b. If IN- is lower than IN+ and the offset voltage, the output is high impedance and the output transistor is not conducting 2. When IN- is higher than common mode and IN+ is within common mode, the output is low and the output transistor is sinking current 3. When IN+ is higher than common mode and IN- is within common mode, the output is high impedance and the output transistor is not conducting 4. When IN- and IN+ are both higher than common mode, see Section 2 of Application Design Guidelines for LM339, LM393, TL331 Family Comparators Including the New B-versions.

7.2.2.2 ESD Protection

The TL331x-Q1 family have dedicated ESD protection on all the pins for improved ESD performance as well as improved negative input voltage handling. Please see Application Note SNOAA35 for more information.

7.2.2.3 Minimum Overdrive Voltage

Overdrive Voltage is the differential voltage produced between the positive and negative inputs of the comparator over the offset voltage (V IO). To make an accurate comparison the Overdrive Voltage (V OD) must exceed the input offset voltage (VIO). Overdrive voltage can also determine the response time of the comparator, with the response time decreasing with increasing overdrive. Figure 7-2 and Figure 7-3 show positive and negative response times with respect to overdrive voltage.

7.2.2.4 Output and Drive Current

Output current is determined by the load/pull-up resistance and logic/pull-up voltage. The output current determines the output low voltage (V OL) from the comparator. V OL is proportional to the output current. Use Output Low Voltage vs. Output Sinking Current at 5V to determine VOL based on the output current. The output current can also effect the transient response. More is explained in the next section.

7.2.2.5 Response Time

Response time is a function of input over drive. See Application Curves for typical response times. The rise and fall times can be determined by the load capacitance (C L), load/pullup resistance (RPULLUP), and equivalent collector-emitter resistance (RCE).

  • The rise time (τR) is approximately τR = RPULLUP × CL
  • The fall time (τF) is approximately τF = RCE × CL – RCE can be determined by taking the slope of Output Low Voltage vs. Output Sinking Current at 5V in the linear region at the desired temperature, or by dividing the VOL by Iout TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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7.2.3 Application Curves

The following curves were generated with 5V on VCC and VLogic, RPULLUP = 5.1kΩ, and 50pF scope probe. Output Voltage, Vo(V) Time (usec) 5mV OD 20mV OD 100mV OD C004 Figure 7-2. Response Time for Various Overdrives (Positive Transition) Output Voltage (Vo) Time (usec) 5mV OD 20mV OD 100mV OD C006 Figure 7-3. Response Time for Various Overdrives (Negative Transition)

7.3 Power Supply Recommendations

For fast response and comparison applications with noisy or AC inputs, TI recommends using a bypass capacitor on the supply pin to reject any variation on the supply voltage. This variation can distort the comparator's input common mode range and create an inaccurate comparison.

7.4 Layout

7.4.1 Layout Guidelines

For accurate comparator applications without hysteresis, a stable supply is important to minimize noise and glitches, which can affect the high level input common mode voltage range. To achieve this, add a bypass capacitor between the supply voltage and ground. This must be implemented on the positive power supply and negative supply (if available). If a negative supply is not being used, tie the GND pin directly to system ground.

7.4.2 Layout Example

1IN– IN+ 3 4 VCC5 0.1 Fμ GND 0.1 Fμ Ground Bypass Capacitor Positive Supply Negative Supply or Ground Ground Only needed for dual power supplies Figure 7-4. TL331-Q1 Layout Example www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 17 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

8 Device and Documentation Support

8.1 Documentation Support

8.1.1 Related Documentation

Analog Engineers Circuit Cookbook: Amplifiers (See Comparators section) - SLYY137 Precision Design, Comparator with Hysteresis Reference Design- TIDU020 Window comparator circuit - SBOA221 Reference Design, Window Comparator Reference Design- TIPD178 Comparator with and without hysteresis circuit - SBOA219 Inverting comparator with hysteresis circuit - SNOA997 Non-Inverting Comparator With Hysteresis Circuit - SBOA313 Zero crossing detection using comparator circuit - SNOA999 A Quad of Independently Functioning Comparators - SNOA654

8.2 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates

To receive notification of documentation updates, navigate to the device product folder on ti.com. In the upper right corner, click on Alert me to register and receive a weekly digest of any product information that has changed. For change details, review the revision history included in any revised document.

8.3 Support Resources

TI E2E™ support forums are an engineer's go-to source for fast, verified answers and design help — straight from the experts. Search existing answers or ask your own question to get the quick design help you need. Linked content is provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use.

8.4 Trademarks

TI E2E™ is a trademark of Texas Instruments. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

8.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution

This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications.

8.6 Glossary

TI Glossary This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 www.ti.com

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9 Revision History

NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision G (August 2023) to Revision H (January 2025) Page Changes from Revision F (January 2021) to Revision G (August 2023) Page Changes from Revision E (November 2020) to Revision F (January 2021) Page Changes from Revision D (June 2020) to Revision E (November 2020) Page

  • Changed TL331B-Q1 and TL391B-Q1 minimum recommended supply voltage to 2V throughout data sheet..1 Changes from Revision C (October 2013) to Revision D (June 2020) Page Changes from Revision B (September 2012) to Revision C (October 2013) Page Changes from Revision A (July 2010) to Revision B (September 2012) Page

10 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information

The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation. www.ti.com TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 SLVS969H – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED JANUARY 2025 Copyright © 2025 Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Document Feedback 19 Product Folder Links: TL331-Q1 TL331B-Q1 TL391B-Q1

www.ti.com 23-May-2025 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable part number Status (1) Material type (2) Package | Pins Package qty | Carrier RoHS (3) Lead finish/ Ball material (4) MSL rating/ Peak reflow (5) Op temp (°C) Part marking (6) TL331BQDBVRQ1 Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 31BQ TL331BQDBVRQ1.B Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 31BQ TL331EDBVRQ1 Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 150 3ISF TL331EDBVRQ1.A Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM See TL331EDBVRQ1 3ISF TL331IDBVRQ1 Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU | SN | NIPDAULevel-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 TQ1U TL331IDBVRQ1.A Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM See TL331IDBVRQ1 TQ1U TL331IDBVRQ1.B Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM See TL331IDBVRQ1 TQ1U TL331QDBVRQ1 Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU | NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 T1RU TL331QDBVRQ1.A Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM See TL331QDBVRQ1 T1RU TL331QDBVRQ1.B Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM See TL331QDBVRQ1 T1RU TL391BQDBVRQ1 Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 91BQ TL391BQDBVRQ1.B Active Production SOT-23 (DBV) | 5 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 125 91BQ (1) Status: For more details on status, see our product life cycle. (2) Material type: When designated, preproduction parts are prototypes/experimental devices, and are not yet approved or released for full production. Testing and final process, including without limitation quality assurance, reliability performance testing, and/or process qualification, may not yet be complete, and this item is subject to further changes or possible discontinuation. If available for ordering, purchases will be subject to an additional waiver at checkout, and are intended for early internal evaluation purposes only. These items are sold without warranties of any kind. (3) RoHS values: Yes, No, RoHS Exempt. See the TI RoHS Statement for additional information and value definition. (4) Lead finish/Ball material: Parts may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. (5) MSL rating/Peak reflow: The moisture sensitivity level ratings and peak solder (reflow) temperatures. In the event that a part has multiple moisture sensitivity ratings, only the lowest level per JEDEC standards is shown. Refer to the shipping label for the actual reflow temperature that will be used to mount the part to the printed circuit board. (6) Part marking: There may be an additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category of the part. Multiple part markings will be inside parentheses. Only one part marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a part. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire part marking for that device. Addendum-Page 1

www.ti.com 23-May-2025 Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF TL331-Q1, TL331B-Q1, TL391B-Q1 :

  • Catalog : TL331, TL331B , TL391B
  • Enhanced Product : TL331-EP NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
  • Catalog - TI's standard catalog product
  • Enhanced Product - Supports Defense, Aerospace and Medical Applications Addendum-Page 2

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 13-May-2025 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION Reel Width (W1) REEL DIMENSIONS A0B0K0WDimension designed to accommodate the component lengthDimension designed to accommodate the component thicknessOverall width of the carrier tapePitch between successive cavity centersDimension designed to accommodate the component width TAPE DIMENSIONSK0 P1B0WA0Cavity QUADRANT ASSIGNMENTS FOR PIN 1 ORIENTATION IN TAPE Pocket QuadrantsSprocket HolesQ1Q1Q2Q2Q3Q3Q4Q4User Direction of Feed P1ReelDiameter *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Reel Diameter (mm) Reel Width W1 (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) W (mm) Pin1 Quadrant Pack Materials-Page 1

PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 13-May-2025 TAPE AND REEL BOX DIMENSIONS Width (mm) W LH *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) TL331BQDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TL331BQDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TL331IDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TL331IDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TL331QDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TL331QDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TL331QDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 200.0 183.0 25.0 TL391BQDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 TL391BQDBVRQ1 SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 210.0 185.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2

www.ti.com PACKAGE OUTLINE C 0.22

0.08 TYP

0.25 3.0 2.6 2X 0.95 1.9 1.45 0.90 0.15

0.00 TYP

5X 0.5 0.3 0.6

0.3 TYP

0 TYP

1.9 (0.1) (0.15) 4X 0 -15 4X 4 -15 A 3.05 2.75 B1.75 1.45 (1.1) SOT-23 - 1.45 mm max heightDBV0005A SMALL OUTLINE TRANSISTOR 4214839/K 08/2024 NOTES: 1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ASME Y14.5M. 2. This drawing is subject to change without notice. 3. Refernce JEDEC MO-178. 4. Body dimensions do not include mold flash, protrusions, or gate burrs. Mold flash, protrusions, or gate burrs shall not exceed 0.25 mm per side. 5. Support pin may differ or may not be present.

0.2 C A B

0.1 C SCALE 4.000

www.ti.com EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT

0.07 MAX

0.07 MIN

5X (1.1) 5X (0.6) (2.6) (1.9) 2X (0.95) (R0.05) TYP 4214839/K 08/2024 SOT-23 - 1.45 mm max heightDBV0005A SMALL OUTLINE TRANSISTOR NOTES: (continued) 6. Publication IPC-7351 may have alternate designs. 7. Solder mask tolerances between and around signal pads can vary based on board fabrication site. SYMM LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE EXPOSED METAL SHOWN SCALE:15X PKG 3 4 SOLDER MASK OPENING METAL UNDER SOLDER MASK SOLDER MASK DEFINED EXPOSED METAL METALSOLDER MASK OPENING NON SOLDER MASK DEFINED (PREFERRED) SOLDER MASK DETAILS EXPOSED METAL

www.ti.com EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN (2.6) (1.9) 2X(0.95) 5X (1.1) 5X (0.6) (R0.05) TYP SOT-23 - 1.45 mm max heightDBV0005A SMALL OUTLINE TRANSISTOR 4214839/K 08/2024 NOTES: (continued) 8. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate design recommendations. 9. Board assembly site may have different recommendations for stencil design. SOLDER PASTE EXAMPLE BASED ON 0.125 mm THICK STENCIL SCALE:15X SYMM PKG 3 4

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