PXI-5441 NI | Alldatasheet

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The National Instruments NI PXI-5441 is a 100 MS/s arbitrary waveform generator with Onboard Signal Processing (OSP). OSP functions include FIR and CIC interpolation filters, digital per-filter gain and o ffset c ontrol, a n umerically controlled oscillator (NCO) and IQ mixing f or q uadrature digital upconversion. With 16-bit resolution and -91 dBc close-in spurious free dynamic range (SFDR), the PXI-5441 brings instrument quality specifications to applications requiring dig ital upconversion and baseband interpolation such as prototyping, validating, and testing communications, radar, and electronic war fare systems. Since the PXI-5441 is a full-featured arbitrary waveform generator, it is also capable of generating general purpose electrical test signals and has a maximum output range of 12 V pk-pk into a 50 Ω load. By using the PCI bus to communicate with the host computer, the PXI-5441 can download waveforms at up to 100 MB/s, far faster than traditional GPIB-based instruments. Using the Synchronization and Memory Core (SMC) architecture of the PXI-5441, you can create mixed signal test systems by synchronizing the generator with digitizers and digital waveform generator/analyzers or synchronize multiple generators to form a phase-coherent multi-channel generator for generating I/Q signals for applications such as MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) or beam-forming antenna schemes. Onboard Signal Processing Onboard signal processing (OSP) (Figure 1) significantly extends waveform playback time and reduces the time required to compute and download waveform data by computing the waveform data using the PXI-5441’s field programmable gate array (FPGA). OSP delivers several signal processing functions used to modify the data stored in waveform memory during generation. The signal processing functions are: Independent I and Q pre-filter gain and offset For adding gain and offset imbalance impairments, I and Q pre-filter gain and offset can be adjusted before or during the generation of an output signal. Finite impulse response (FIR) filter The FIR filt er shap es the wa veform data, compensates for the cascaded-integrator comb (CIC) filter response, and interpolates the waveform data by 2, 4, or 8x. The FIR filter coefficients are programmable and include flat, raised cosine, root raised cosine, Gaussian, or custom. For implementing custom filters, consider the NI Digital Filter Design T oolkit which includes several advanced filter design tools for designing, analyzing, and simulating floating- point and fixed-point filters. Cascaded-integrator comb (CIC) filter For upsampling waveform data to a high sample rate, the CIC filter efficiently interpolates by 6x to 256x. Numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) The NCO produces sine and cosine waveform data for quadrature digital upconversion and features 355 nHz frequency resolution and 0.0055o phase resolution for precise control of impairments such as frequency error and quadrature skew. NCO frequency and phase can also be adjusted before or during waveform generation.

100 MS/s, 16-bit Arbitrary Waveform

Generator with Onboard Signal Processing

  • Quadrature digital upconversion
  • FIR and CIC interpolation filters
  • Carrier frequencies up to

43 MHz with 355 nHz resolution

  • 16-bit resolution,

100 MS/s sampling rate

  • 400 MS/s effective sampling rate with DAC interpolation
  • 32, 256, 512 MB of onboard memory
  • Multimodule synchronization with < 20 ps rms skew
  • Continuous data streaming up to 100 MB/s Operating Systems
  • Windows 2000/NT/XP Recommended Software
  • LabVIEW
  • LabWindows/CVI
  • SignalExpress
  • Measurement Studio
  • Digital Filter Design T oolkit Included Software
  • NI-FGEN driver
  • LabVIEW Express VIs
  • NI Modulation T oolkit
  • NI Analog Waveform Editor
  • FGEN Soft Front Panel
  • LabVIEW RealTime Support Calibration
  • Gain and offset self-calibration
  • 2 year external calibration cycle NI PXI-5441 NEW

introduced by adjusting the I or Q carrier phase and frequency.

10.24 MS/s b y using 4x FIR int erpolation and 256x CIC

error rate, trellis plots, and constellation plots. amplitude of the NCO’s programmable frequency output. PXI 10 MHz reference clock or an externally supplied reference clock. Figure 1. Onboard Signal Processing uses the PXI-5441’s FPGA to perform in-line processing of the waveform data stored in the module’s memory. Figure 2. Frequency spectrum of a W-CDMA physical layer signal digital upconverted and generated by the PXI-5441 with Onboard Signal Processing.

low-distortion output signal. rise/fall times and low pulse aberration (overshoot, undershoot, etc). generators save test time and improve test throughput. rms module-to-module skew (Figure 5). Figure 4. NI’s SMC-based arbitrary waveform generators increase test throughput by storing all the waveforms and sequences required for a set of test in onboard memory. Figure 3. Using a combination of digital interpolation and analog filtering, the NI 5441 generated at 100 MS/s using 4x interpolation for a 400 MS/s effective sampling rate. Figure 5. Using the Synchronization and Memory Core’s T-Clock synchronization, multiple NI 5441 can achieve less than 20 ps channel-to-channel skew.

The NI 5441’s sample clock has three modes: Divide-by-N, High- Resolution, and External. The direct digital synthesis (DDS) based high-resolution sample clock has a sample rate resolution of 1.06 µHz. This offers you exceptional stability and sampling rate flexibility. The NI 5441 can also import its sample clock from the CLK IN, PXI star trigger and PXI trigger bus. In addition, you can phase lock the NI 5441’s oscillator to an external reference or the PXI 10 MHz reference clock. Driver Software Accurate, high-throughput hardware improves the performance of a meas urement system, but easy-to-use, reliable software reduces your development time and ongoing support costs. NI-FGEN, the driver software for the NI 5441, is the world’s most advanced and thoroughly tested arbitrary waveform generator software and features: Intuitive application programming interface (API)– In LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, VisualBasic and Visual C/C++, NI-FGEN’s API is engineered to use the least number of function’s possible while also maintaining flexibility. Each driver function has thorough online searchable documentation. The NI-FGEN Quick Reference Guide further simplifies programming by providing an overview of each driver function’s LabVIEW icon, function name, parameters, and data types. LabVIEW Express VIs – F or generating an arbitrary repetitive signal, the LabVIE W E xpress VI is a c onfiguration driven way to p rogram the NI 5441 without accessing the underlying NI-FGEN functions.

  • Function generator mode – U sing the OSP’ s n umerically controlled oscillator, the PXI-5441 can behave as an arbitrary function generator with 355 nHz frequency resolution. Using function generator mode, you can generate phase continuous frequency sweeps and hops. Soft front panel – For quick non-programmatic use of the NI 5441, the soft front panel supports arbitrary waveform and standard waveform generation. Example programs – NI-FGEN provides 23 programming examples for LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, VisualC++ 6.0 and .Net, and VisualBasic 6.0 so you don’t have to start from scratch. LabVIEW Real-Time Support – F or remotely deployed autonomous measurement systems or applications requiring the highest possible reliability, NI-FGEN supports LabVIEW’s Real-Time module. Modulation Toolkit for LabVIEW The Modulation T oolkit for LabVIEW provides functions for signal generation, analysis, and visualization of custom and standard analog and digital modulation. With the Modulation T oolkit, you can also develop and analyze custom modulation formats and generate these with the PXI-5441. Some of the standard measurement functions include EVM (error vector magnitude), MER (modulation error ratio), and ρ(rho). Functions are also available for injecting impairments including IQ Gain Imbalance, Quadrature Skew, and AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise). Visualization functions include trellis, constellation, and 2D- and 3D-eye diagrams. This hardware and software combination gives you access to customizable functionality not available in traditional instrumentation. 1A Modulation T oolkit datasheet is available separately. Analog Waveform Editor The NI Analog Waveform Editor is an interactive software tool for creating and editing analog waveforms. In the editor, each waveform is comprised of different segments, where each segment is comprised of a collection of “primitives” . Y ou can create a new waveform segment by selecting from a library of over 20 waveform “primitives” (Table 1), by entering a mathematical expression, or importing data from a file. Waveform primitives can then be combined point-by- point using addition, multiplication, or division to create more complex segments (Figure 6). 1An Analog Waveform Editor datasheet is available separately.

Generator with Onboard Signal Processing 4 National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • info@ni.com • ni.com Modulation/Demodulation

  • 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256-QAM
  • 2, 4, 8, 16-FSK
  • MSK and GMSK
  • 8, 16, 64-PSK
  • BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, DQPSK, Π

4 DQPSK

  • AM, FM, PM Modulation Analysis Functions
  • ρ(rho)
  • DC offset
  • Phase error
  • Quadrature skew
  • IQ gain imbalance
  • Bit error rate (BER)
  • Frequency deviation
  • Burst timing measurements
  • Modulation error ratio (MER)
  • Error vector magnitude (EVM) Visualization and Analysis
  • Trellis diagrams
  • Constellation plot
  • 2D- and 3D-eye diagrams Modulation Impairments
  • Multitone
  • DC offset
  • Fading profile
  • Frequency offset
  • Quadrature skew
  • IQ gain imbalance
  • Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN)

5National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • info@ni.com • ni.com Generator with Onboard Signal Processing Multiple segments can then be concatenated to make a larger waveform. T o further process the waveform, you can apply standard or custom FIR and IIR filters or smooth any discontinuities between different waveform segments. Once complete, all the settings you chose to create the waveform are stored alongside the waveform’s raw sample data, making it easy to reload the waveform in the editor and modify the settings of a particular segment or primitive. 1M (onboard memory): 2 (32 MB), 3 (256 MB), 4 (512 MB) Includes SMB 112 cable, NI-FGEN driver, FGEN Soft Front Panel, NI Modulation T oolkit for LabVIEW, and NI Analog Waveform Editor Recommended PXI Switch BUY NOW! For complete product specifications, pricing, and accessory information, call (800) 813-3693 (U.S. only) or go to ni.com/xxx.

Ordering Information

Sine Triangular Noise Trapezoid Square Gaussian Noise Stairstep Triangle Sinc Haversine Sawtooth Gaussian Pulse Impulse Uniform Noise Exponential Rise/Decay Cardiac Table 1: A partial list of the configurable waveform primitives available in the Analog Waveform Editor. Figure 6: Over 20 different waveform primitives can be combined to create more complex waveforms.

1 Main Output Path setting with driver selected Low Gain Amplifier or the High Gain Amplifier

2 Direct Path optimized for IF applications

Onboard Signal Processing (OSP) quadrature digital upconversion (complex) IQ Rate Pre-Filter Gain and Offset FIR (Finite Impulse Response) Filter Custom Coefficents CIC (Cascaded Integerator Comb) Filter NCO (Numerically Controlled Oscillator) Modulation Performance (Typical) Digital Performance Function Generation Mode Standard Waveform Max Frequencies Triangle, Ramp Up, Ramp Down, Noise.... 5 MHz Analog Output Amplitude Range (Full Scale) finite impulse response DAC digital interpolating filter Spectral Characteristics Average Noise Density Sample Clock External CLK IN, External DDC Clk In, PXI Star Trigger, PXI_TRIG <0:7> Frequency Resolution System Phase Noise and Jitter1

110 MHz carrier

Onboard Clock (Internal VCXO) VCXO frequency reference. Digital Data and Control, DDC Start Trigger Software, Immediate Markers Waveform and Instruction Memory Utilization Memory Limits Maximum Waveform Playtimes Power1 1Typical Environment Calibration Certifications and Compliances CE Mark Compliance Note Unless otherwise noted, the following conditions were used for each specification: A. Analog Filter enabled. B. DAC Interpolation set to maximum allowed factor for a given sample rate C. Signals terminated with 50 Ω. D. Direct path set to 1 Vpk-pk, Low Gain Amplifier Path set to 2 Vpk-pk, and High Gain Amplifier Path set to 12 Vpk-pk. E. Sample clock set to 100 MS/s GSM PHY Layer W-CDMA PHY Layer DVB PHY Layer Modulation Error Ratio (MER) 46 dB 46 dB 43 dB Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) < 0.5% rms < 0.5% rms 0.6% rms Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR) - 61 dBc 48 dBc FIR interpolation = 2, direct path, 25 MHz carrier, external sample clock Frequency Direct Path Low Gain Path Signal to Noise and Distortion (SINAD) 1 MHz 64 dB 66 dB

10 MHz 61 dB 60 dB

Spurious Free Dynamic Range w/ Harmonics 1 MHz -76 dBc -71 dBc

10 MHz -68 dBc -64 dBc

Spurious Free Dynamic Range w/o Harmonics 1 MHz -88 dBFS -91 dBFS

10 MHz -87 dBFS -89 dBFS

Amplitude –1 dBFS Measured from DC to 50 MHz Amplitude Range Average Noise Density Path Vpk-pk dBm nV / √Hz dBm/Hz dBFS/Hz Direct 1 4.0 18 -142 -146.0 Low Gain 0.1 -16.0 9 -148 -132.0 System Phase Noise Density System Output Jitter Divide-by-N -137 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset) < 1.0 ps rms High Resolution -126 dBc/Hz (10 kHz offset) < 4.0 ps rms

32 MB Option 256 MB Option 512 MB Option

100 MS/s sample rate, OSP disabled 0.16 s 1.34 s 2.68 s

1 MS/s IQ rate, real mode, OSP enabled 16 s 2 min 14 s 4 min 28 s

100 kS/s IQ rate, real mode, OSP enabled 2 min 47 s 22 min 22 s 44 min 43 s Single trigger mode. Playtimes may be extended using waveform linking and looping.

32 MB Option1 256 MB Option1 512 MB Option1

16,777,088 Samples 134,217,600 Samples 268,435,328 Samples Arbitrary Sequence Mode Maximum Waveform Memory2 16,777,008 Samples 134,217,520 Samples 268,435,200 Samples Arbitrary Sequence Mode Maximum Waveforms3 262,000 2,097,000 4,194,000 Arbitrary Sequence Mode Maximum Segments in a Sequence 418,000 3,354,000 6,708,000 Refer to detailed specifications for all trigger modes. Condition: One or two segments in a sequence. Condition: One or two segments in a sequence. Condition: Waveform memory is <4,000 samples.

32 MB Standard 256 MB Option 512 MB Option

Onboard Memory Size 33,554,432 bytes 268,435,456 bytes 536,870,912 bytes +3.3 VDC +5 VDC +12 VDC -12 VDC Total Power Generator with Onboard Signal Processing 6 National Instruments • Tel: (800) 433-3488 • info@ni.com • ni.com Specifications

NI has the services and support to meet your needs around the globe and through the application life cycle – from planning and development through deployment and ongoing maintenance. We offer services and service levels to meet customer requirements in research, design, validation, and manufacturing. Visit ni.com/services. Training and Certification NI training is the fastest, most certain route to productivity with our products. NI training can shorten your learning curve, save development time, and reduce maintenance costs over the application life cycle. We schedule instructor-led courses in cities worldwide, or we can hold a course at your facility. We also offer a professional certification program that identifies individuals who have high levels of skill and knowledge on using NI products. Visit ni.com/training. Professional Services Our P rofessional Services T eam is comprised of NI applications engineers, NI Consulting Services, and a worldwide NI Alliance Partner Program of more than 600 independent consultants and integrators. Services range from star t-up assistanc e t o turnkey system integration. Visit ni.com/alliance. OEM Support We o ffer d esign-in c onsulting and product integration assistance if you want t o use our products for OEM applications. For information about special pricing and services for OEM customers, visit ni.com/oem. Local Sales and Technical Support In offices worldwide, our staff is local to the country, giving you access to engineers who speak your language. NI delivers industry- leading technical support through online knowledge bases, our applications engineers, and access to 14,000 measurement and automation professionals within NI Developer Exchange forums. Find immediate answers to your questions at ni.com/support. We also offer service programs that provide automatic upgrades to your application development environment and higher levels of technical support. Visit ni.com/ssp. Hardware Services NI Factory Installation Services NI Factory Installation Services (FIS) is the fastest and easiest way to use your PXI or PXI/SCXI combination systems right out of the box. Trained NI technicians install the software and hardware and configure the system to your specifications. NI extends the standard warranty by one year on hardware components (controllers, chassis, modules) purchased with FIS. T o use FIS, simply configure your system online with ni.com/pxiadvisor. Calibration Services NI recognizes the need to maintain properly calibrated devices for high-accuracy measurements. We provide manual calibration procedures, services to recalibrate your products, and automated calibration so ftware specifically designed for use by metrology laboratories. Visit ni.com/calibration. Repair and Extended Warranty NI provides complete repair services for our products. Express repair and a dvance r eplacement services are also available. We offer extended warranties to help you meet project life-cycle requirements. Visit ni.com/services. SERVICE NEEDS © 2005 National Instr uments Corporation. All rights r eserved. National Instruments Alliance Partner, National Instruments, NI, ni.com, RTSI, and SCXI are trademarks of National Instruments. Other product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies. National Instruments • Tel: (512) 683-0100 • info@ni.com ni.com • (800) 433-3488