KL14 FREESCALE | Alldatasheet
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1 Kinetis L Series
The Kinetis L series is the most scalable portfolio of ultra low- power, mixed-signal ARM Cortex-M0+ MCUs in the industry. The portfolio includes 5 MCU families that offer a broad range of memory, peripheral and package options. Kinetis L Series families share common peripherals and pin- counts allowing developers to migrate easily within an MCU family or between MCU families to take advantage of more memory or feature integration. This scalability allows developers to standardize on the Kinetis L Series for their end product platforms, maximising hardware and software reuse and reducing time-to-market. Features common to all Kinetis L series families include:
- 48 MHz ARM Cortex-M0+ core
- High-speed 12/16-bit analog-to-digital converters
- 12-bit digital-to-analog converters for all series except for KLx4 family
- High-speed analog comparators
- Low-power touch sensing with wake-up on touch from reduced power states for all series except for KLx4 family
- Powerful timers for a broad range of applications including motor control
- Low power focused serial communication interfaces such as low power UART, SPI, I2C etc.
- Single power supply: 1.71V - 3.6V with multiple low- power modes support single operation temperature: -40 ~ 105 °C (exclude CSP package) Freescale Semiconductor Document Number:KL15PB Product Brief Rev. 2, 6/2012 KL14/KL15 Product Brief Supports all KL14 and KL15 devices © 2011–2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary General Business Information
Contents
with each other and their equivalent ARM Cortex-M4 Kinetis K series families - K10/20/30/40. Figure 1. Kinetis L series families of MCU portfolio
- Core and Architecture:
- ARM Cortex-M0+ Core delivering 1.77 CoreMark/MHz from single-cycle access memories
- Single-cycle access to I/O and critical peripherals: Up to 50 percent faster than standard I/O, improves reaction time to external events allowing bit banging and software protocol emulation
- Two-stage pipeline: Reduced number of cycles per instruction (CPI), enabling faster branch instruction and ISR entry
- Excellent code density vs. 8-bit and 16-bit MCUs - reduces flash size, system cost and power consumption
- Optimized access to program memory: Accesses on alternate cycles reduces power consumption
- 100 percent compatible with ARM Cortex-M0 and a subset ARM Cortex-M3/M4: Reuse existing compilers and debug tools
- Simplified architecture: 56 instructions and 17 registers enables easy programming and efficient packaging of 8/16/32-bit data in memory
- Linear 4 GB address space removes the need for paging/banking, reducing software complexity
- ARM third-party ecosystem support: Software and tools to help minimize development time/cost
- Micro Trace Buffer: Lightweight trace solution allows fast bug identification and correction
- BME: Bit manipulation engine reduces code size and cycles for bit oriented operations to peripheral registers eliminating traditional methods where the core would need to perform read-modify-write instructions.
- Up to 4-channel DMA for peripheral and memory servicing with minimal CPU intervention
- Broad range of performance levels with CPU frequencies up to 48 MHz
- Ultra low-power:
- Next-generation 32-bit ARM Cortex M0+ core: 2x more CoreMark/mA than the closest 8/16-bit architecture Kinetis L Series KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 2 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. General Business Information
- Multiple flexible low-power modes, including new operation clocking option which reduces dynamic power by shutting off bus and system clocks for lowest power core processing. Peripherals with an alternate asynchronous clock source can continue operation.
- UART, SPI, I2C, ADC, DAC, TPM, LPT and DMA support low-power mode operation without waking up the core
- Memory:
- Scalable memory footprints from 8 KB flash / 1 KB SRAM to 128 KB flash / 16 KB SRAM
- Embedded 64 B cache memory for optimizing bus bandwidth and flash execution performance (feature not available on KL02 family)
- Mixed-signal analog:
- Fast, high precision 16-, or 12-bit ADCs with optional differential pairs, 12-bit DACs, high speed comparators. Powerful signal conditioning, conversion and analysis capability with reduced system cost
- Human Machine Interface (HMI):
- Optional capacitive Touch Sensing Interface with full low-power support and minimal current adder when enabled
- Connectivity and Communications:
- All UARTs support DMA transfers, and can trigger when data on bus is detected, UART0 supports 4x to 32x over sampling ratio. Asynchronous transmit and receive operation for operating in STOP/VLPS modes.
- Up to two SPIs
- Up to two IICs
- Full-speed USB OTG controller with on-chip transceiver
- Reliability, Safety and Security:
- Internal watchdog
- Timing and Control:
- Powerful timer modules which support general purpose, PWM, and motor control functions
- Periodic Interrupt Timer for RTOS task scheduler time base or trigger source for ADC conversion and timer modules
- System:
- GPIO with pin interrupt functionality
- Wide operating voltage range from 1.71 V to 3.6 V with flash programmable down to 1.71 V with fully functional flash and analog peripherals
- Ambient operating temperature ranges from -40 °C to 105 °C
2 KL14/KL15 Sub-Family Introduction
The device is highly-integrated, market leading ultra low power 32-bit microcontroller based on the enhanced Cortex-M0+ (CM0+) core platform. The family derivatives feature:
- Core platform clock up to 48 MHz, bus clock up to 24 MHz
- Memory option is up to 128 KB Flash and 16 KB RAM
- Wide operating voltage ranges from 1.71V to 3.6V with full functional Flash program/erase/read operations
- Multiple package options from 32-pin to 80-pin
- Ambient operating temperature ranges from –40 °C to 105 °C The family acts as an ultra low power, cost effective microcontroller to provide developers an appropriate entry-level 32-bit solution. The family is next generation MCU solution for low cost, low power, high performance devices applications. It’s valuable for cost-sensitive, portable applications requiring long battery life-time.
3 Block Diagram
The below figure shows a superset block diagram of the device. Other devices within the family have a subset of the features. KL14/KL15 Sub-Family Introduction KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 3 General Business Information
Figure 2. KL14 family block diagram 4 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Figure 3. KL15 family block diagram
Features
4.1 Feature Summary
All devices within the KL14 and KL15 family features the following at a minimum: Table 1. Common features among all KL14 and KL15 devices
- Temperature range (T A) -40°C to 105°C
- Flexible modes of operation Core features • Next generation 32-bit ARM Cortex M0+ core
- Support up to 32 interrupt request sources
- Nested vectored interrupt controller (NVIC)
- Debug & trace capability
- 2-pin serial wire debug (SWD)
- Micro trace buffer (MTB) System and power management • Software watchdog
- Integrated bit manipulation engine (BME)
- DMA controller
- Low-leakage wake-up unit (LLWU)
- Power management controller with 10 different power modes
- Non-maskable interrupt (NMI)
- 80-bit unique identification (ID) number per chip Clocks • External crystal oscillator or resonator
- DC- 48 MHz external square wave input clock
- Internal clock references
- 31.25 to 39.063 kHz oscillator
- 4 MHz oscillator
- 1 kHz oscillator
- Frequency-locked loop with the range of
- 20-25 MHz
- 40-48 MHz Memory and memory interfaces • Up to 128 KB with 64 byte flash cache for KL15 and up to 64 KB with 64 byte flash cache for KL14
- Up to 16 KB random-access memory for KL15 and up to 8 KB RAM for KL14 Security and integrity • COP watchdog Analog • 12-bit analog-to-digital converter( ADC) for KL14 and 16-bit ADC with DP channel for KL15
- High speed comparator (HSCMP)with internal 6-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC)
- 12-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for KL15 Timers • One 6-channel and two 2-channel 16-bit TPM modules
- 32-bit Programmable interrupt timer (PIT)
- Real-time clock (SRTC)
- Low-power timer (LPTMR)
- System tick timer (SYSTIK) Table continues on the next page...
KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 6 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. General Business Information
Table 1. Common features among all KL14 and KL15 devices (continued)
- I 2C with DMA support
- Low-power UART with DMA support Human-machine interface • GPIO with pin interrupt support, DMA request capability, and other pin control options
- Capacitive touch sensing inputs for KL15
4.2 Memory and package options
package are pin-for-pin compatible. will be available soon. Keep tracking Freescale website to get the latest update. Table 2. KL1x family summary
24 QFN (4x4)
32 LQFP (7x7)
32 QFN (5x5)
48 QFN (7x7)
64 LQFP (10x10)
80 LQFP (12x12)
4.3 Part Numbers and Packaging
Figure 4. Part numbers diagrams KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 7 General Business Information
Q Qualification status • M = Fully qualified, general market flow
- P = Prequalification KL## Kinetis family • KL14
- KL15 A Key attribute • Z = Cortex-M0+ FFF Program flash memory size • 32 = 32 KB
- 64 = 64 KB
- 128 = 128 KB
- 256 = 256 KB R Silicon revision • (Blank) = Main
- A = Revision after main T Temperature range (°C) • V = –40 to 105
- FT = 48 QFN (7 mm x 7 mm)
- LH = 64 LQFP (10 mm x 10 mm)
- LK = 80 LQFP (12 mm x 12 mm) CC Maximum CPU frequency (MHz) • 4 = 48 MHz N Packaging type • R = Tape and reel
- (Blank) = Trays
4.4 KL14/KL15 Family Features
The following sections list the differences among the various devices available within the KL14/KL15 family. The features listed below each part number specify the maximum configuration available on that device. The signal multiplexing configuration determines which modules can be used simultaneously. The following tables are limited to 128 KB Flash and 80-pin packages, more high Flash density and large package devices will be available soon. Keep tracking Freescale website to get the latest update.
4.4.1 KL14 Family Features (48MHz Performance)
Table 3. KL14 48MHz Performance Table Table continues on the next page... KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 8 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. General Business Information
Table 3. KL14 48MHz Performance Table (continued) Table continues on the next page... KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 9 General Business Information
4.4.2 KL15 Family Features (48MHz Performance)
Table 4. KL15 48MHz Performance Table Table continues on the next page... KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 10 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. General Business Information
Table 4. KL15 48MHz Performance Table (continued) Table continues on the next page... KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 11 General Business Information
4.5 Module-by-module feature list
differences among the subset devices.
4.5.1.1 ARM Cortex M0+ Core
- Up to 48 MHz core frequency from 1.71 V to 3.6 V across temperature range of –40 °C to 105 °C
- Support up to 32 interrupt request sources
- 2-stage pipeline microarchitecture for reduced power consumption and improved architectural performance (cycles per instruction)
- Binary compatible instruction set architecture with the CM0 core
- Thumb instruction set combines high code density with 32-bit performance
- Serial wire debug (SWD) reduces the number of pins required for debugging
- Micro trace buffer (MTB) provides lightweight program trace capabilities using system RAM as the destination memory
- Single cycle 32 bits by 32 bits multiply
4.5.1.2 Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC)
12 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
- Up to 32 interrupt sources
- Includes a single non-maskable interrupt
4.5.1.3 Wake-up Interrupt Controller (WIC)
- Supports interrupt handling when system clocking is disabled in low power modes
- Takes over and emulates the NVIC behavior when correctly primed by the NVIC on entry to very-deep-sleep
- A rudimentary interrupt masking system with no prioritization logic signals for wake-up as soon as a non-masked interrupt is detected
- Contains no programmer’s model visible state and is therefore invisible to end users of the device other than through the benefits of reduced power consumption while sleeping
4.5.1.4 Debug Controller
- 2-pin serial wire debug (SWD) provides external debugger interface
- Micro trace buffer (MTB) provides simple execution trace capability and operates as a simple AHB-Lite SRAM controller System Modules
4.5.2.1 Power Management Control Unit (PMC)
- Separate digital (regulated) and analog (referenced to digital) supply outputs
- Programmable power saving modes
- No output supply decoupling capacitors required
- Available wake-up from power saving modes via RTC and external inputs
- Integrated Power-on Reset (POR)
- Integrated Low Voltage Detect (LVD) with reset (brownout) capability
- Selectable LVD trip points
- Programmable Low Voltage Warning (LVW) interrupt capability
- Buffered bandgap reference voltage output
- Factory programmed trim for bandgap and LVD
- 1 kHz Low Power Oscillator (LPO)
4.5.2.2 DMA Channel Multiplexer (DMA MUX)
- 4 independently selectable DMA channel routers
- 2 periodic trigger sources available
- Each channel router can be assigned to 1 of 63 possible peripheral DMA sources
4.5.2.3 DMA Controller
Four independently programmable DMA controller channels provides the means to directly transfer data between system memory and I/O peripherals
- DMA controller is capable of functioning in run, wait and stop modes of operation
- Dual-address transfers via 32-bit master connection to the system bus
- Data transfers in 8-, 16-, or 32-bit blocks
- Continuous-mode or cycle-steal transfers from software or peripheral initiation 4.5.2 System Modules KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 13 General Business Information
4.5.2.4 COP Watchdog Module
- Independent clock source input (independent from CPU/bus clock)
- Choice between two clock sources
- LPO oscillator
- Bus clock
4.5.2.5 System Clocks
- System Oscillator (XOSC) — Loop-control Pierce oscillator; Crystal or ceramic resonator range of 32 kHz to 40 kHz (low range mode) or 3-32 MHz (high range mode)
- Multipurpose Clock Generator (MCG)
- Frequency-locked loop (FLL) controlled by internal or external reference
- 20MHz~40MHz FLL output
- 40MHz~48MHz FLL output
- Internal reference clocks — Can be used as a clock source for other on-chip peripherals
- On-chip RC oscillator range of 31.25 kHz to 39.0625 kHz with 0.2% trim step and 1% accuracy across temperature range of 0 °C to 70 °C and 2% accuracy across full temperature range
- Ultra low power 4 MHz IRC Memories and Memory Interfaces
4.5.3.1 On-Chip Memory
- 48 MHz performance devices
- Up to 64 KB program flash memory for KL14 and up to 128 KB flash memory for KL15
- Up to 8 KB SRAM for KL14 and up to 16 KB SRAM for KL15
- Security circuitry to prevent unauthorized access to RAM and flash contents Analog
4.5.4.1 Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
- Linear successive approximation algorithm with up to 16-bit resolution
- Output modes:
- Differential 16-bit, 13-bit, 11-bit, and 9-bit modes, in two’s complement 16-bit sign-extended format for KL15
- Single-ended 16-bit (KL15 only), 12-bit, 10-bit, and 8-bit modes, in right-justified unsigned format
- Single or continuous conversion
- Configurable sample time and conversion speed/power
- Conversion complete and hardware average complete flag and interrupt
- Input clock selectable from up to four sources
- Operation in low power modes for lower noise operation
- Asynchronous clock source for lower noise operation with option to output the clock
- Selectable asynchronous hardware conversion trigger with hardware channel select
- Automatic compare with interrupt for various programmable values
- Temperature sensor
- Hardware average function
- Selectable voltage reference
- Self-calibration mode 4.5.3 4.5.4 Memories and Memory Interfaces KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 14 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. General Business Information
4.5.4.2 High-Speed Analog Comparator (CMP)
- 6-bit DAC programmable reference generator output
- Up to five selectable comparator inputs; each input can be compared with any input by any polarity sequence
- Selectable interrupt on rising edge, falling edge, or either rising or falling edges of comparator output
- Comparator output supports:
- Sampled
- Windowed (ideal for certain PWM zero-crossing-detection applications
- Digitally filtered using external sample signal or scaled peripheral clock
- Two performance modes:
- Shorter propagation delay at the expense of higher power
- Low power, with longer propagation delay
- Operational in all MCU power modes except for VLLS0 4.5.4.3 12-Bit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)
- 12-bit resolution
- Guaranteed 6-sigma monotonicity over input word
- High- and low-speed conversions
- 1 μs conversion rate for high speed, 2 μs for low speed
- Power-down mode
- Automatic mode allows the DAC to generate its own output waveforms including square, triangle, and sawtooth
- Automatic mode allows programmable period, update rate, and range
- DMA support Timers
4.5.5.1 Timer/PWM (TPM)
- Selectable source clock
- Programmable prescaler
- 16-bit counter supporting free-running or initial/final value, and counting is up or up-down
- Input capture, output compare, and edge-aligned and center-aligned PWM modes
- Input capture and output compare modes
- Generation of hardware triggers
- DMA support for TPM events
4.5.5.2 Periodic Interrupt Timers (PITs)
- 2 general purpose interrupt timers
- 2 interrupt timers for triggering ADC conversions
- 32-bit counter resolution
- Clocked by bus clock frequency
- DMA support
4.5.5.3 Real-Time Clock (RTC)
- 32-bit seconds counter with 32-bit alarm
- 16-bit prescaler with compensation
- Register write protection
- Hard Lock requires MCU POR to enable write access
- Soft lock requires system reset to enable write/read access 4.5.5 Timers KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 15 General Business Information
4.5.6.1 Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C)
- Compatible with I 2C bus standard and SMBus Specification Version 2 features
- Up to 100 kbps with maximum bus loading
- Multi-master operation
- Software programmable for one of 64 different serial clock frequencies
- Programmable slave address and glitch input filter
- Interrupt or DMA driven byte-by-byte data transfer
- Arbitration lost interrupt with automatic mode switching from master to slave
- Calling address identification interrupt
- Bus busy detection broadcast and 10-bit address extension
- Address matching causes wake-up when processor is in low power mode
4.5.6.2 UART1 to UARTx
- Full-duplex, standard non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format
- Double-buffered transmitter and receiver with separate enables
- Programmable baud rates (13-bit modulo divider)
- Interrupt-driven or polled operation:
- Transmit data register empty and transmission complete
- Receive data register full
- Receive overrun, parity error, framing error, and noise error
- Idle receiver detect
- Active edge on receive pin
- Break detect supporting LIN
- Hardware parity generation and checking
- Programmable 8-bit or 9-bit character length
- Programmable 1-bit or 2-bit stop bits
- Receiver wakeup by idle-line or address-mark
- Optional 13-bit break character generation / 11-bit break character detection
- Selectable transmitter output polarity
4.5.6.3 UART0
- Full-duplex operation
- Standard mark/space non-return-to-zero (NRZ) format
- 13-bit baud rate selection with fractional divide of 32
- Programmable 8-bit or 9-bit data format
- Separately enabled transmitter and receiver
- Programmable transmitter output polarity
- Programmable receive input polarity
- 13-bit break character option
- 11-bit break character detection option
- Two receiver wakeup methods:
- Idle line wakeup
- Address mark wakeup
- Address match feature in receiver to reduce address mark wakeup ISR overhead
- Interrupt or DMA driven operation
- Receiver framing error detection
- Hardware parity generation and checking 4.5.6 Communication Interfaces KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 16 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. General Business Information
- Configurable oversampling ratio to support from 1/4 to 1/32 bit-time noise detection
- Operation in low power modes
4.5.6.4 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
- Master and slave mode
- Full-duplex, three-wire synchronous transfers
- Programmable transmit bit rate
- Double-buffered transmit and receive data registers
- Serial clock phase and polarity options
- Slave select output
- Mode fault error flag with CPU interrupt capability
- Control of SPI operation during wait mode
- Selectable MSB-first or LSB-first shifting
- Support for both transmit and receive by DMA Human Machine Interface
4.5.7.1 General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO)
- Hysteresis and configurable pull up device on all input pins
- Configurable drive strength on some output pins
- Independent pin value register to read logic level on digital pin
4.5.7.2 Touch Sensor Input (TSI)
- Support up to 16 external electrodes
- Automatic detection of electrode capacitance across all operational power modes
- Internal reference oscillator for high-accuracy measurement
- Configurable software or hardware scan trigger
- Fully support Freescale touch sensing software (TSS) library
- Capability to wake MCU from low power modes
- Compensate for temperature and supply voltage variations
- High sensitivity change with 16-bit resolution register
- Configurable up to 4096 scan times.
- Support DMA data transfer
5 Power modes
The power management controller (PMC) provides multiple power options to allow the user to optimize power consumption for the level of functionality needed. Depending on the stop requirements of the user application, a variety of stop modes are available that provide state retention, partial power down or full power down of certain logic and/or memory. I/O states are held in all modes of operation. The following table compares the various power modes available. For each run mode there is a corresponding wait and stop mode. Wait modes are similar to ARM sleep modes. Stop modes (VLPS, STOP) are similar to ARM sleep deep mode. The very low power run (VLPR) operating mode can drastically reduce runtime power when the maximum bus frequency is not required to handle the application needs. 4.5.7 Human Machine Interface KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 17 General Business Information
chip. The primary modes are augmented in a number of ways to provide lower power based on application needs. Table 5. Chip power modes chip voltage regulator is on. wake up from interrupt; peripheral clocks are stopped. power to run the chip at a reduced frequency. (content retained and I/O states held). TSI can be used. NVIC is disabled; LLWU is used to wake up. exit stop mode on an LLS recovery. All SRAM is operating (content retained and I/O states held). All of SRAM_U and SRAM_L are powered off. Table continues on the next page... 18 Preliminary Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
Table 5. Chip power modes (continued) All of SRAM_U and SRAM_L are powered off.
- Resumes normal run mode operation by executing the LLWU interrupt service routine.
- Follows the reset flow with the LLWU interrupt flag set for the NVIC.
6 Revision History
The following table provides a revision history for this document. Table 6. Revision history 2 6/4/2012 Updated Kinetis KL series of MCU portfolio diagram. Updated Memory and package options section.
Revision History
KL14/KL15 Product Brief, Rev. 2, 6/2012 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Preliminary 19 General Business Information
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