SM74202 TI1 | Alldatasheet
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www.ti.com SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 100VCurrentModePWM Controller Check forSamples: SM74202 1FEATURES DESCRIPTION The SM74202 high voltagepulse-width-modulation 2• Renewable Energy Grade (PWM) controllercontainsallofthefeaturesneeded• InternalStart-upBias Regulator to implementsingleended primarypower converter
- ErrorAmplifier topologies.Output voltageregulationis based on current-modecontrol,whicheases thedesignofloop• PrecisionVoltageReference compensation while providinginherentlinefeed-• Programmable Softstart forward.The SM74202 includesa high-voltagestart-
- 1A Peak Gate Driver up regulatorthatoperatesovera wide inputrangeup to 100V. The PWM controlleris designed forhigh• Maximum Duty Cycle Limiting(50%) speed capabilityincludingan oscillatorfrequency• Programmable LineUnder VoltageLockout rangeto1MHz and totalpropagationdelayslessthan(UVLO) withAdjustableHysteresis 100ns.Additionalfeaturesincludean erroramplifier,
- Cycle-by-CycleOver-CurrentProtection precisionreference,lineunder-voltagelockout,cycle- by-cyclecurrentlimit,slopecompensation,softstart,• Programmable OscillatorFrequency with oscillatorsynchronizationcapabilityand thermalSynchronizationCapability shutdown.The controllerisavailableintheMSOP-10• CurrentSense Leading Edge Blanking package.
- Thermal Shutdown Protection
APPLICATIONS
- Photovoltaic
- Telecommunication Power Converters
- IndustrialPower Converters
- +42V Automotive Systems TypicalApplicationCircuit Figure1. Non-IsolatedFlybackConverter Pleasebe aware thatan importantnoticeconcerningavailability,standardwarranty,and use incriticalapplicationsof Texas Instrumentssemiconductorproductsand disclaimerstheretoappearsattheend ofthisdatasheet. 2Alltrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners. PRODUCTION DATA informationiscurrentas ofpublicationdate. Copyright© 2011–2013,Texas InstrumentsIncorporatedProductsconform to specificationsper the terms of the Texas Instrumentsstandardwarranty.Productionprocessingdoes not necessarilyincludetestingofallparameters.
SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Connection Diagram Figure2. 10-Lead VSSOP, WSON Top View PIN DESCRIPTIONS Pin Name Description ApplicationInformation 1 VIN SourceInputVoltage Inputtothestart-upregulator.Inputrangeis13V to100V. 2 FB Feedback Signal Invertinginputoftheinternalerroramplifier.The non- invertinginputisinternallyconnectedtoa 1.25Vreference.
3 COMP The outputoftheerroramplifierand inputtothe COMP pull-upisprovidedby an internal5K resistorwhich
PulseWidthModulator may be used tobiasan opto-couplertransistor.
4 VCC Outputoftheinternalhighvoltageseriespass Ifan auxiliarywindingraisesthevoltageon thispinabove
regulator.Regulatedoutputvoltageis7.7V theregulationsetpoint,theinternalseriespass regulator willshutdown, reducingtheinternalpower dissipation. 5 OUT OutputofthePWM controller Gate driveroutputwitha 1A peak currentcapability.
6 GND Ground return
7 UVLO LineUnder-VoltageShutdown An externalresistordividerfromthepower converter
sourcevoltagesetstheshutdownlevels.The thresholdat thispinis1.25V.Hysteresisissetby a switchedinternal 20µA currentsource.
8 CS CurrentSense input Currentsense inputforcurrentmode controland over-
currentprotection.Currentlimitingisaccomplishedusinga dedicatedcurrentsense comparator.IftheCS pinvoltage exceeds0.5VtheOUT pinswitcheslowforcycle-by-cycle currentlimiting.CS isheldlowfor50ns afterOUT switches hightoblankleadingedge currentspikes. 9 RT /SYNC Oscillatortimingresistorpinand synchronization An externalresistorconnectedfromRT toGND setsthe input oscillatorfrequency.Thispinalsoacceptssynchronization pulsesfroman externalclock.
10 SS SoftstartInput An externalcapacitorand an internal10µA currentsource
setthesoft-startramp rate. These deviceshave limitedbuilt-inESD protection.The leadsshouldbe shortedtogetherorthedeviceplacedinconductivefoam duringstorageorhandlingtopreventelectrostaticdamage totheMOS gates.
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www.ti.com SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 AbsoluteMaximum Ratings (1)(2) VIN toGND -0.3Vto100V VCC toGND -0.3Vto16V AllotherpinstoGND -0.3Vto7V Power Dissipation InternallyLimited ESD Rating(3) Human Body Model 2kV StorageTemperature -65°C to+150°C JunctionTemperature 150°C (1) AbsoluteMaximum Ratingsarelimitsbeyond whichdamage tothedevicemay occur.OperatingRatingsareconditionsunderwhich operationofthedeviceisintendedtobe functional.Forensuredspecificationsand testconditions,see theElectricalCharacteristics. (2) IfMilitary/Aerospacespecifieddevicesarerequired,pleasecontacttheTexas InstrumentsSalesOffice/Distributorsforavailabilityand specifications. (3) The human body model isa 100 pF capacitordischargedthrougha 1.5kΩ resistor. OperatingRatings VIN Voltage 13V to90V ExternalVoltageappliedtoVCC 8V to15V OperatingJunctionTemperature -40°C to+125°C ElectricalCharacteristics SpecificationsinstandardtypefaceareforTJ= +25°C and thoseinboldfacetypeapplyoverthefulloperatingjunction temperaturerange.Unlessotherwisespecified:VIN = 48V,VCC = 10V,and RT = 31.6kΩ.(1) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units StartupRegulator VCC Reg VCC Regulation VCC = Open 7.4 7.7 8.0 V VCC CurrentLimit (2) 15 22 mA I-VIN StartupRegulatorLeakage VIN = 100V 150 500 µA IIN Shutdown Current VUVLO = 0V,VCC = open 250 350 µA VCC Supply VCC UVLO (Rising) VccReg VccReg - V -300mV 100mV VCC UVLO (Falling) 5.3 6.0 6.7 V ICC SupplyCurrent Cload= 0 2 3 mA ErrorAmplifier GBW Gain Bandwidth 4 MHz DC Gain 75 dB ReferenceVoltage FB = COMP 1.225 1.25 1.275 V COMP SinkCapability FB = 1.5VCOMP= 1V 5 17 mA UVLO Pin Shutdown Threshold 1.25 V UndervoltageShutdown Hysteresis 16 20 24 µA CurrentSource CurrentLimit ILIMDelaytoOutput CS stepfrom0 to0.6V 30 ns Time toonsetofOUT Transition(90%) Cycleby CycleCS Threshold 0.5 V Voltage LeadingEdge BlankingTime 50 ns (1) Limitsare100% productiontestedat25°C. LimitsovertheoperatingtemperaturerangeareensuredthroughcorrelationusingStatistical QualityControl(SQC) methods.The limitsareused tocalculateTI's AverageOutgoingQualityLevel(AOQL). (2) Devicethermallimitationsmay limitusablerange. Copyright© 2011–2013,Texas InstrumentsIncorporated SubmitDocumentationFeedback 3 ProductFolderLinks:SM74202
SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com ElectricalCharacteristics(continued) SpecificationsinstandardtypefaceareforTJ= +25°C and thoseinboldfacetypeapplyoverthefulloperatingjunction temperaturerange.Unlessotherwisespecified:VIN = 48V,VCC = 10V,and RT = 31.6kΩ.(1) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units CS SinkImpedance (clocked) 35 Ω SoftStart SoftstartCurrentSource 7 10 13 µA SoftstarttoCOMP Offset 0.35 0.55 0.75 V Oscillator Frequency1(RT = 31.6k) (3) 175 200 225 kHz Frequency2(RT = 9.76k) (3) 560 630 700 kHz Sync threshold 2.4 3.2 3.8 V PWM Comparator DelaytoOutput COMP setto2V, 25 ns CS stepped0 to0.4V, Time toonsetofOUT transitionlow Min DutyCycle COMP=0V 0 % Max DutyCycle 50 % COMP toPWM ComparatorGain 0.33 COMP Open CircuitVoltage 4.3 5.2 6.1 V COMP ShortCircuitCurrent COMP=0V 0.6 1.1 1.5 mA Output Section OutputHighSaturation Iout= 50mA, VCC -VOUT 0.25 0.75 V OutputLow Saturation IOUT = 100mA, VOUT 0.25 0.75 V RiseTime Cload= 1nF 18 ns FallTime Cload= 1nF 15 ns Thermal Shutdown Tsd ThermalShutdown Temp. 165 °C ThermalShutdown Hysteresis 25 °C (3) Specificationappliestotheoscillatorfrequency.The operationalfrequencyoftheSM74202 isdividedby two.
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-225 -180 -135 -90 -45 135 180 225 GAIN (dB) FREQUENCY (Hz) PHASE (o ) -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 CURRENT ( PA) 7.0 8.2 9.4 10.6 11.8 13.0 TEMPERATURE ( oC) -40 10 60 110 TEMPERATURE ( oC) FREQUENCY (kHz) 190 195 200 205 210 -40 10 60 110 RT (k:) FREQUENCY (Hz) 1 10 100 1.00E+04 1.00E+05 1.00E+06 0 10 20 VIN (V) VCC (V) 0 5 10 15 20 25 VCC (V) ICC (mA) SM74202 www.ti.com SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 TypicalPerformance Characteristics Unlessotherwisespecified:TJ = 25°C. VCC and VIN VCC vs vs VIN ICC (VIN = 48V) Figure3. Figure4. OscillatorFrequency OscillatorFrequency vs vs Temperature RT (Note5) RT = 31.6kΩ (Note5) Figure5. Figure6. SoftStartCurrent vs Temperature ErrorAmp. Gain/Phase Plot Figure7. Figure8. Copyright© 2011–2013,Texas InstrumentsIncorporated SubmitDocumentationFeedback 5 ProductFolderLinks:SM74202
7.7V SERIES REGULATOR REFERENCE DRIVER RT/SYNC CLK VCC ENABLE 1.25V S Q R Q UVLO HYSTERESIS (20 PA) UVLO 1.25V GND Max Duty Limit SM74202 (50%)
10 PASS
0.5V PWM FB 1.4V R COMP 1.25V SS CLK + LEB SS SM74202 SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Block Diagram
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www.ti.com SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 DETAILED OPERATING DESCRIPTION The SM74202 High VoltagePWM controllercontainsallof the featuresneeded to implementsingleended primarypower convertertopologies.The SM74202 includesa high-voltagestartupregulatorthatoperatesovera wide inputrange to 100V. The PWM controllerisdesignedforhigh speed capabilityincludingan oscillator frequencyrange to 1MHz and totalpropagationdelayslessthan 100ns.Additionalfeaturesincludean error amplifier,precisionreference,lineunder-voltagelockout,cycle-by-cyclecurrentlimit,softstart,oscillatorsync capabilityand thermalshutdown.The functionalblockdiagramoftheSM74202 isshown intheBlockDiagram. The SM74202 isdesignedforcurrent-modecontrolpower converters,which requirea singledriveoutput,such as Flybackand Forward topologies.The SM74202 providesallof the advantages of current-modecontrol includinglinefeed-forward,cycle-by-cyclecurrentlimitingand simplifiedloopcompensation. High VoltageStart-UpRegulator The SM74202 containsan internalhighvoltagestartupregulator,thatallowstheinputpin(Vin)tobe connected directlytolinevoltagesas highas 100V. The regulatoroutputisinternallycurrentlimitedto15mA. When power isapplied,theregulatorisenabledand sourcescurrentintoan externalcapacitorconnectedtotheVCC pin.The recommended capacitancerange forthe Vcc regulatoris0.1µF to 100µF. When the voltageon the VCC pin reachestheregulationlevelof7.7V,thecontrolleroutputisenabled.The controllerwillremainenableduntilVCC fallsbelow6V. Intypicalapplications,a transformerauxiliarywindingisconnectedthrougha diodetotheVCC pin.Thiswinding shouldraisetheVCC voltageabove 8V toshutofftheinternalstartupregulator.PoweringVCC froman auxiliary windingimprovesconversionefficiencywhilereducingthepower dissipatedinthecontroller.The externalVCC capacitormust be selectedsuch thatthecapacitormaintainstheVcc voltagegreaterthantheVCC UVLO falling threshold(6V)duringtheinitialstart-up.Duringa faultconditionwhen theconverterauxiliarywindingisinactive, externalcurrentdraw on theVCC lineshouldbe limitedsuch thatthepower dissipatedinthestart-upregulator does notexceed themaximum power dissipationcapabilityofthecontroller. An externalstart-uporotherbiasrailcan be used insteadoftheinternalstart-upregulatorby connectingtheVCC and theVinpinstogetherand feedingtheexternalbiasvoltage(8-15V)tothetwo pins. LineUnder VoltageDetector The SM74202 containsa lineUnder VoltageLock Out (UVLO) circuit.An externalset-pointvoltagedividerfrom Vin to GND setsthe operationalrange of the converter.The resistordividermust be designedsuch thatthe voltageattheUVLO pinisgreaterthan1.25V when Vin isinthedesiredoperatingrange.Iftheunder voltage thresholdisnotmet,allfunctionsofthecontrolleraredisabledand thecontrollerremainsina low power standby state. UVLO hysteresisis accomplishedwithan internal20µA currentsource thatis switchedon or offintothe impedance of the set-pointdivider.When the UVLO thresholdisexceeded,the currentsourceisactivatedto instantlyraisethe voltageat the UVLO pin.When the UVLO pinvoltagefallsbelow the 1.25V thresholdthe currentsourceisturnedoff,causingthe voltageat the UVLO pinto fall.The UVLO pincan alsobe used to implementa remote enable / disablefunction.Ifan externaltransistorpullsthe UVLO pin below the 1.25V threshold,theconverterisdisabled. ErrorAmplifier An internalhigh gain erroramplifieris providedwithinthe SM74202. The amplifier'snon-invertinginputis internallysettoa fixedreferencevoltageof1.25V.The invertinginputisconnectedtotheFB pin.Innon-isolated applications,the power converteroutputis connected to the FB pin via voltagescalingresistors.Loop compensationcomponents are connectedbetween theCOMP and FB pins.For most isolatedapplicationsthe erroramplifierfunctionisimplementedon thesecondarysideoftheconverterand theinternalerroramplifieris notused.The internalerroramplifierisconfiguredas an open drainoutputand can be disabledby connecting theFB pintoground.An internal5K pull-upresistorbetween a 5V referenceand COMP can be used as thepull- up foran optocouplerinisolatedapplications. Copyright© 2011–2013,Texas InstrumentsIncorporated SubmitDocumentationFeedback 7 ProductFolderLinks:SM74202
RT = F x 158 x 10-12 SM74202 SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com CurrentLimit/CurrentSense The SM74202 providesa cycle-by-cycleover currentprotectionfunction.Currentlimitisaccomplishedby an internalcurrentsense comparator.Ifthevoltageatthecurrentsense comparatorinputexceeds 0.5V,theoutput isimmediatelyterminated.A smallRC filter,locatednearthecontroller,isrecommended tofilternoisefromthe currentsense signal.The CS inputhas an internalMOSFET which dischargesthe CS pincapacitanceat the conclusionofeverycycle.The dischargedeviceremainson an additional50ns afterthebeginningofthenew cycletoattenuatetheleadingedge spikeon thecurrentsense signal. The SM74202 currentsense and PWM comparatorsare veryfast,and may respond to shortdurationnoise pulses.Layoutconsiderationsarecriticalforthecurrentsense filterand sense resistor.The capacitorassociated withtheCS filtermust be locatedveryclosetotheSM74202 and connecteddirectlytothepinsofthecontroller (CS and GND). Ifa currentsense transformerisused,bothleadsofthetransformersecondaryshouldbe routed tothesense resistorand thecurrentsense filternetwork.A sense resistorlocatedinthesourceoftheprimary power MOSFET may be used forcurrentsensing,buta low inductanceresistorisrequired.When designingwith a currentsense resistorallofthenoisesensitivelow power ground connectionsshouldbe connectedtogether localtothecontrollerand a singleconnectionshouldbe made tothehighcurrentpower ground(senseresistor groundpoint). Oscillatorand Sync Capability A singleexternalresistorconnectedbetween the RT and GND pinssetsthe SM74202 oscillatorfrequency. Internaltothedeviceisan oscillatordivideby two circuit.Thisdivideby two circuitcreatesan exact50% duty cyclelimitfunction.Because ofthis,theinternaloscillatoractuallyoperatesattwicethefrequencyoftheoutput (OUT).To seta desiredoutputoperationalfrequency(F),theRT resistorcan be calculatedfrom: (1) The SM74202 can alsobe synchronizedtoan externalclock.The externalclockmust have a higherfrequency thanthefreerunningoscillatorfrequencysetby theRT resistor.The clocksignalshouldbe capacitivelycoupled intotheRT pinthrougha 100pF capacitor.A peak voltagelevelgreaterthan3.7VoltsattheRT pinisrequired fordetectionof the sync pulse.The sync pulsewidthshouldbe set between 15 to 150ns by the external components.The RT resistorisalwaysrequired,whethertheoscillatorisfreerunningorexternallysynchronized. The voltageattheRT pinisinternallyregulatedat2 Volts.The RT resistorshouldbe locatedveryclosetothe deviceand connecteddirectlytothepinsofthecontroller(RT and GND). PWM Comparator The PWM comparatorcompares the currentramp signalwiththe loop errorvoltagederivedfrom the error amplifieroutput.The erroramplifieroutputvoltageattheCOMP pinisoffsetby 1.4V and thenfurtherattenuated by a 3:1resistordivider.The PWM comparatorpolarityissuch that0 Voltson theCOMP pinwillresultina zero dutycycleatthecontrolleroutput. SoftStart The softstartfeatureallowsthepower convertertograduallyreachtheinitialsteadystateoperatingpoint,thereby reducingstart-upstressesand currentsurges.At power on, afterthe VCC and the lineundervoltagelockout thresholdsaresatisfied,an internal10µA currentsourcechargesan externalcapacitorconnectedtotheSS pin. The capacitorvoltagewillramp up slowlyand willlimittheCOMP pinvoltageand thedutycycleoftheoutput pulses. Gate Driverand Maximum Duty Cycle Limit The SM74202 providesan internalgatedriver(OUT),whichcan sourceand sinka peak currentof1 Amp. The maximum outputdutycycleispreciselyequalto50%. The maximum dutycyclefunctionisaccomplishedwithan internaltoggleflip-flopwhich ensuresan accuratedutycyclelimit.The internaloscillatorfrequencyistherefore twicetheoperatingfrequencyofthePWM controller(OUT pin).
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0.01 PF SS 12.4kGND GND 100 pF RT/ SYNC10 GND 6 FB 2 CS 8 100 C11 1000 pF 0.47 0.47GND GND GND OUT 5UVLO
7 VIN
4.7 PF 0.1 PF GNDGND 1.00k 61.9k 2.2 PF GND 2.2 PF GND Shutdown 0.01 PF GND 2.87k GND 30-75V IN Si7898DP GND CMPD2838E 1SMB5936B GND MBRD835L CMPD2838E R13 GND C12 470 pF 10, 1W R10 GND R12 1.47k R11 2.43k 0.1 PF GND OUT RTN GND GND +3.3V C13 100 PF GND C14 100 PF GND C15 270 PF GND COMP SYNC Input 15.0k 3300 pF 220 pF SM74202 www.ti.com SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 Thermal Protection Internalthermalshutdown circuitryisprovidedtoprotecttheintegratedcircuitintheeventthemaximum junction temperatureisexceeded.Thisfeaturepreventscatastrophicfailuresfrom accidentaldeviceoverheating.When activated,typicallyat165 degreesCelsius,thecontrollerisforcedintoa low power standbystate,disablingthe outputdriverand the bias regulator.Afterthe temperatureis reduced (typicalhysteresis= 25°C) the VCC regulatorisenabledand a softstartsequence initiated. TypicalApplicationCircuit:36V -75 VIN and 3.3V,4.5A OUT BillOf Materials ITEM PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION VALUE C 1 C4532X7R2A225M CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 2.2µF,100V C 2 C4532X7R2A225M CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 2.2µF,100V C 3 C2012X7R1H103K CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 0.01µF,50V C 4 C3216X7R2A104K CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 0.1µF,100V C 5 C2012X7R1H103K CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 0.01µF,50V C 6 C2012C0G1H221J CAPACITOR, CER, KEMET 220pF,50V C 7 C2012C0G1H332J CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 3300pF,50V C 8 C2012C0G1H101J CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 100pF,50V C 9 C2012X7R1H104K CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 0.1µF,50V C 10 C3216X7R1C475K CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 4.7µF,16V C 11 C2012C0G1H102J CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 1000pF,50V C 12 C2012C0G1H471J CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 470p,50V C 13 C4532X7S0G107M CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 100µF,4V C 14 C4532X7S0G107M CAPACITOR, CER, TDK 100µF,4V C 15 A700X277M0004AT CAPACITOR, ALUM ORGANIC, KEMET 270µF,4V D 1 CMPD2838E-NSA DIODE, SIGNAL, CENTRAL Copyright© 2011–2013,Texas InstrumentsIncorporated SubmitDocumentationFeedback 9 ProductFolderLinks:SM74202
SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com ITEM PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION VALUE D 2 CMPD2838E-NSA DIODE, SIGNAL, CENTRAL D 3 MBRD835L DIODE, RECTIFIER, ON SEMICONDUCTOR J 1 MKDS 1/2-3.81 TERM BLK, MINI,2 POS, PHOENIX CONTACT J 2 MKDS 1/2-3.81 TERM BLK, MINI,2 POS, PHOENIX CONTACT Q 1 SI7898DP FET, SILICONIX 150V,85m Ω R 1 CRCW120610R0F RESISTOR 10 R 2 CRCW12066192F RESISTOR 61.9kΩ R 3 CRCW08052871F RESISTOR 2.87kΩ R 4 CRCW08051001F RESISTOR 1.00kΩ R 5 CRCW08051502F RESISTOR 15.0kΩ R 6 CRCW08051242F RESISTOR 12.4kΩ R 7 CRCW08051000F RESISTOR 100 R 8 CRCW12060R47F RESISTOR 0.47 R 9 CRCW12060R47F RESISTOR 0.47 R 10 CRCW251210R0F RESISTOR 10,1W R 11 CRCW08052431F RESISTOR 2.43K R 12 CRCW08051471F RESISTOR 1.47K R 13 CRCW080520R0F RESISTOR 20 T 1 B0695-A COILCRAFT TRANSFORMER, FLYBACK, EFD20 CORE T 1 PA0751 PULSE TRANSFORMER, FLYBACK, EFD20 CORE ALTERNATE U 1 SM74202MM-2 CONTROLLER, SINGLE OUT, PWM, TI Z 1 1SMB5936B DIODE, ZENER, SMB, 30V
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www.ti.com SNOSBA4A –NOVEMBER 2011–REVISED APRIL 2013
REVISION HISTORY
Changes from Original(April2013)toRevisionA Page Copyright© 2011–2013,Texas InstrumentsIncorporated SubmitDocumentationFeedback 11 ProductFolderLinks:SM74202
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