MC44602 MOTOROLA | Alldatasheet
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/C0077/C0067/C0052/C0052/C0054/C0048/C0050 SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA HIGH PERFORMANCE CURRENT MODE CONTROLLER PIN CONNECTIONS Order this document by MC44602/D P2 SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 648C DIP (12 + 2 + 2) (Top View) Compensation Load Detect Input Voltage Feedback Input Sink Gnd Current Sense Input Sync Input R T/CT Vref VCC Sink Gnd Source Output Gnd VC Sink Output Device Operating Temperature Range Package
ORDERING INFORMATION
MC44602 T A = –25 to 85°C DIP (12 + 2 + 2) 1MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA /C0072/C0105/C0103/C0104 /C0080/C0101/C0114/C0102/C0111/C0114/C0109/C0097/C0110/C0099/C0101 /C0067/C0117/C0114/C0114/C0101/C0110/C0116 /C0077/C0111/C0100/C0101 /C0067/C0111/C0110/C0116/C0114/C0111/C0108/C0108/C0101/C0114 The MC44602 is an enhanced high performance fixed frequency current mode controller that is specifically designed for off–line and high voltage dc–to–dc converter applications. This device has the unique ability of changing operating modes if the converter output is overloaded or shorted, offering the designer additional protection for increased system reliability. The MC44602 has several distinguishing features when compared to conventional current mode controllers. These features consist of a foldback amplifier for overload detection, valid load and demag comparators with a fault latch for short circuit detection, thermal shutdown, and separate high current source and sink outputs that are ideally suited for driving a high voltage bipolar power transistor, such as the MJE18002, MJE18004, or MJE18006. Standard features include an oscillator with a sync input, a temperature compensated reference, high gain error amplifier, and a current sensing comparator. Protective features consist of input and reference undervoltage lockouts each with hysteresis, cycle–by–cycle current limiting, a latch for single pulse metering, and a flip–flop which blanks the output off every other oscillator cycle, allowing output deadtimes to be programmed from 50% to 70%. This device is manufactured in a 16 pin dual–in–line heat tab package for improved thermal conduction.
- Separate High Current Source and Sink Outputs Ideally Suited for Driving Bipolar Power Transistors: 1.0 A Source, 1.5 A Sink
- Unique Overload and Short Circuit Protection
- Thermal Protection
- Oscillator with Sync Input
- Current Mode Operation to 500 kHz Output Switching Frequency
- Output Deadtime Adjustable from 50% to 70%
- Automatic Feed Forward Compensation
- Latching PWM for Cycle–By–Cycle Current Limiting
- Input and Reference Undervoltage Lockouts with Hysteresis
- Low Startup and Operating Current Simplified Block Diagram Error Amplifier Foldback Amplifier Vref Sync Input R T/CT Compensation Voltage Feedback–Input VrefUndervoltage Lockout 5.0V Reference VCCUndervoltage Lockout Short Circuit Detection Oscillator Flip Flop and Latching PWM Thermal Gnd 9 VCC Load Detect Input VC Source Output Sink Output 4, 5, 12, 13 Sink Ground Current Sense Input Motorola, Inc. 1996 Rev 0
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Total Power Supply and Zener Current (ICC + IZ) 30 mA Sink Ground Voltage with Respect to Gnd (Pin 9) VSink(neg) –5.0 V Output Supply Voltage with Respect to Sink Gnd (Pins 4, 5, 12, 13) VC 20 V Output Current (Note 1) Source Sink IO(Source) IO(Sink) 1.0 1.5 A Output Energy (Capacitive Load per Cycle) W 5.0 µJ Current Sense and Voltage Feedback Inputs Vin –0.3 to 5.5 V Sync Input High State Voltage Low State Reverse Current VIH IIL 5.5 –20 V mA Load Detect Input Current Iin –20 to +10 mA Error Amplifier Output Sink Current IEA (Sink) 10 mA Power Dissipation and Thermal Characteristics Maximum Power Dissipation at TA = 25°C Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Air Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case PD R θJA R θJC 2.5 W °C/W °C/W Operating Junction Temperature TJ 150 °C Operating Ambient Temperature TA –25 to +85 °C NOTE: 1. Maximum package power dissipation limits must be observed. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC and VC = 12 V [Note 2], RT = 10k, CT = 1.0 nF, for typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –25°C to +85°C [Note 3] unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit ERROR AMPLIFIER SECTION Voltage Feedback Input (VO = 2.5V) VFB 2.45 2.5 2.65 V Input Bias Current (VFB = 2.5 V) IIB – –0.6 –2.0 µA Open Loop Voltage Gain (VO = 2.0 V to 4.0 V) AVOL 65 90 – dB Unity Gain Bandwidth TJ = 25°C TA = –25 to +85°C BW 1.0 0.8 1.4 1.8 2.0 MHz Power Supply Rejection Ratio (VCC = 10 V to 16 V) PSRR 65 70 – dB Output Current Sink (V O = 1.5 V, VFB = 2.7 V) Sink TJ = 25°C Sink TA = –25 to +85°C Source (VO = 5.0 V, VFB = 2.3 V) Source TJ = 25°C Source TA = –25 to +85°C ISink ISource 1.5 –2.0 5.0 –1.1 –0.2 mA Output Voltage Swing High State (IO(Source) = 0.5 mA, VFB = 2.3 V) Low State (IO(Sink) = 0.33 mA, VFB = 2.7 V) VOH VOL 6.0 7.0 1.0 1.1 V NOTES: 2. Adjust VCC above the startup threshold before setting to 12V. 3. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
3MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC and VC = 12 V [Note 2], RT = 10k, CT = 1.0 nF, for typical values TA = 25°C, for min/max values TA = –25°C to +85°C [Note 3] unless otherwise noted.) Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit OSCILLATOR SECTION Frequency TJ = 25°C TA = –25°C to +85°C fOSC 168 160 180 192 200 kHz Frequency Change with Voltage (VCC = 12 V to 18 V) ΔfOSC /ΔV – 0.1 0.2 %/V Frequency Change with Temperature ΔfOSC /ΔT – 0.05 – %/°C Oscillator Voltage Swing (Peak–to–Peak) VOSC(pp) 1.3 1.6 – V Discharge Current (VOSC = 3.0 V) TJ = 25°C TA = –25°C to +85°C Idischg 6.5 6.0 13.5 mA Sync Input Threshold Voltage High State Low State VIH VIL 2.5 1.0 2.8 1.3 3.2 1.7 V Sync Input Resistance TJ = 25°C TA = –25°C to +85°C R in 6.5 6.0 13.5 kΩ REFERENCE SECTION Reference Output Voltage (IO = 1.0 mA) Vref 4.7 5.0 5.3 V Line Regulation (VCC = 12 V to 18 V) Reg line – 1.0 10 mV Load Regulation (IO = 1.0 mA to 20 mA) Reg load – 3.0 15 mV Temperature Stability TS – 0.2 – mV/°C Total Output Variation over Line, Load and Temperature Vref 4.65 – 5.35 V Output Noise Voltage (f = 10 Hz to 10 kHz, TJ = 25°C) Vn – 50 – µV Long Term Stability (TA = 125°C for 1000 Hours) S – 5.0 – mV Output Short Circuit Current TJ = 25°C TA = –25°C to +85°C ISC –70 –130 –180 mA CURRENT SENSE SECTION Current Sense Input Voltage Gain (Notes 4 & 5) TJ = 25°C TA = –25°C to +85°C AV 2.85 2.7 3.0 3.15 3.2 V/V Maximum Current Sense Input Threshold (Note 4) Vth 0.9 1.0 1.1 V Input Bias Current IIB – –4.0 –10 µA Propagation Delay (Current Sense Input to Sink Output) tPLH(in/out) – 100 150 ns UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT SECTIONS Startup Threshold (VCC Increasing) Vth 13 14.1 15 V Minimum Operating Voltage After Turn–On (VCC Decreasing) VCC(min) 9.0 10.2 11 V Reference Undervoltage Threshold (Vref Decreasing) Vref(UVLO) 3.0 3.35 3.7 V NOTES : 2. Adjust VCC above the startup threshold before setting to 12V. 3. Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible. 4. This parameter is measured at the latch trip point with IFB = –5.0 µA, refer to Figure 9. 5. Comparator gain is defined as AV = ΔV Current Sense Input ΔV Compensation
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NOTES: 2. Adjust VCC above the startup threshold before setting to 12V.
- Low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient as possible.
Figure 1. Timing Resistor
1.0 M500 k200 k100 k50 k20 k10 k
Figure 2. Output Deadtime
1.0 M100 k10 k
one–half the oscillator frequency.
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Figure 9. Voltage Feedback Input, Figure 10. Voltage Feedback Input Figure 11. Reference Short Circuit Current Figure 12. Reference Line and Load Figure 13. Reference Voltage Change Figure 14. Thermal Resistance and Maximum
Figure 15. Output Waveform Figure 16. Output Cross Conduction Figure 17. Sink Output Saturation Voltage Figure 18. Source Output Saturation Voltage Figure 19. Supply Current versus Supply Voltage Figure 20. Power Supply Zener Voltage
120 Hz Rate
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Figure 21. Valid Load Comparator Threshold Figure 22. Demag Comparator Threshold Figure 23. Load Detect Input Figure 24. Startup Threshold Voltage Figure 25. Minimum Operating Voltage Figure 26. Reference Undervoltage Threshold
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will yield a specific output deadtime at a given frequency. frequency–lock the converter to an external system clock. negative sync input current is greater than –5.0 mA. inhibiting the Oscillator and conduction of the Source Output. connecting the CT pin of each IC to a single MC1455 timer. input bias current with the inverting input at 2.5 V is –2.0 µA. Figure 29. Error Amplifier Compensation
usually eliminate the instability; refer to Figure 30. for the minimum operating voltage of the MC44602 is 11V. switching transient noise imposed on the control circuitry. additional control system circuitry. Figure 30. Bipolar Transistor Drive substitute for proper heatsinking.
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possible using heavy copper runs to minimize radiated EMI. the power supply output is overloaded or shorted. modified by the value of resistor R1 in the feedback divider. Figure 31. Output Foldback Characteristic “Low”, and the Power Transistor to turn “On”. the capacitor plus the associated wire resistance.
Figure 32. Logic Truth Table of Functional Blocks Nominal On <85mV 1 1 0 0 0 NOR gate driver sets Fault Latch. rises quickly, Oscillator is not affected. Off >2.5 V 0 0 1 1 0 Valid Load Comparator resets Fault Latch. Short On <85 mV 1 1 0 0 0 Short is not detected until transistor turn–off. Sync Input exceeds 2.5 V, Oscillator is disabled. Off <85 mV 1 0 0 0 0 Load dissipates transformer energy, Oscillator enabled. external small signal clamp diode at the Load Detect Input. load dissipates the transformers energy. resistor (≤2.7 kΩ ) from Pin 2 to ground.
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1 Compensation This pin is the Error Amplifier output and is made available for loop compensation. 2 Load Detect Input A voltage indicating a severe overload or short circuit condition at any output of the switching power supply is connected to this input. The Oscillator is controlled by this information making the power supply short circuit proof. 3 Voltage Feedback InputThis is the inverting input of the Error Amplifier and the noninverting input of the Foldback Amplifier. It is normally connected to the switching power supply output through a resistor divider. 4, 5, 12, 13 Sink Ground The Sink Ground pins form a single power return that is typically connected back to the power source on a separate path from Pin 9 Ground, to reduce the effects of switching transient noise on the control circuitry. These pins can be used to enhance the package power capabilities (Figure 14). The Sink Output low state (VOL ) can be modified by applying a negative voltage to these pins with respect to Ground (Pin 9) to optimize turn–off of a bipolar junction transistor. 6 Current Sense Input A voltage proportional to inductor current is connected to this input. The PWM uses this information to terminate conduction of the output switch transistor. 7 Sync Input A narrow rectangular waveform applied to this input will synchronize the Oscillator. A dc voltage within the range of 3.2 V to 5.5 V will inhibit the Oscillator.
8 R T/CT The Oscillator frequency and maximum Output duty cycle are programmed at this pin by
connecting resistor RT to Vref and capacitor CT to ground.
9 Ground This pin is the control circuitry ground and is typically connected back to the power
source on a separate path from the Sink Ground (Pins 4, 5, 12, 13). 10 Sink Output Peak currents up to 1.5 A are sunk by this output suiting it ideally for turning–off a bipolar junction transistor. The output switches at one–half the oscillator frequency. 11 Source Output Peak currents up to 1.0 A are sourced by this output suiting it ideally for turning–on a bipolar junction transistor. The output switches at one–half the oscillator frequency. 14 VC The Output high state (VOH ) is set by the voltage applied to this pin. With a separate connection to the power source, it can reduce the effects of switching transient noise on the control circuitry. 15 VCC This pin is the positive supply of the control IC. The minimum operating voltage range after startup is 11 V to 18 V. 16 Vref This is the 5.0 V reference output. It provides charging current for capacitor CT through resistor RT and can be used to bias any additional system circuitry.
Figure 33. 60 Watt Off–Line Flyback Regulator
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Figure 34. 150 Watt Off–Line Flyback Regulator
220 Vac
17MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA OUTLINE DIMENSIONS P2 SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 648C–03 ISSUE C DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX MILLIMETERSINCHES A 0.740 0.840 18.80 21.34 B 0.240 0.260 6.10 6.60 C 0.145 0.185 3.69 4.69 D 0.015 0.021 0.38 0.53 E 0.050 BSC 1.27 BSC F 0.040 0.70 1.02 1.78 G 0.100 BSC 2.54 BSC J 0.008 0.015 0.20 0.38 K 0.115 0.135 2.92 3.43 L 0.300 BSC 7.62 BSC M 0 10 0 10 N 0.015 0.040 0.39 1.01 /C0095/C0095/C0095/C0095 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 5. INTERNAL LEAD CONNECTION BETWEEN 4 AND 5, 12 AND 13. –A– –B– 16 9 F D G E N K C NOTE 5 16 PL SAM0.13 (0.005) T –T– SEATING PLANE SBM0.13 (0.005) T J 16 PL M L
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