MAN-EVAL-FFF-KH3-UG

MAN-EVAL-FFF-KH3-UG LINX | Alldatasheet

Document overview

• Manufacturer or author: Provided By ALLDATASHEET.COM(FREE DATASHEET DOWNLOAD SITE)
• PDF pages: 16

Technical content

User's Guide

Warning: Some customers may want Linx radio frequency (“RF”) products to control machinery or devices remotely, including machinery or devices that can cause death, bodily injuries, and/or property damage if improperly or inadvertently triggered, particularly in industrial settings or other applications implicating life-safety concerns (“Life and Property Safety Situations”). NO OEM LINX REMOTE CONTROL OR FUNCTION MODULE SHOULD EVER BE USED IN LIFE AND PROPERTY SAFETY SITUATIONS. No OEM Linx Remote Control or Function Module should be modified for Life and Property Safety Situations. Such modification cannot provide sufficient safety and will void the product’s regulatory certification and warranty. Customers may use our (non-Function) Modules, Antenna and Connectors as part of other systems in Life Safety Situations, but only with necessary and industry appropriate redundancies and in compliance with applicable safety standards, including without limitation, ANSI and NFPA standards. It is solely the responsibility of any Linx customer who uses one or more of these products to incorporate appropriate redundancies and safety standards for the Life and Property Safety Situation application. Do not use this or any Linx product to trigger an action directly from the data line or RSSI lines without a protocol or encoder/ decoder to validate the data. Without validation, any signal from another unrelated transmitter in the environment received by the module could inadvertently trigger the action. All RF products are susceptible to RF interference that can prevent communication. RF products without frequency agility or hopping implemented are more subject to interference. This module does not have a frequency hopping protocol built in. Do not use any Linx product over the limits in this data guide. Excessive voltage or extended operation at the maximum voltage could cause product failure. Exceeding the reflow temperature profile could cause product failure which is not immediately evident. Do not make any physical or electrical modifications to any Linx product. This will void the warranty and regulatory and UL certifications and may cause product failure which is not immediately evident.

1 Introduction

2 Ordering Information

2 KH3 Series Transmitter / Encoder Evaluation Board

3 KH3 Series Receiver / Decoder Evaluation Board

4 Theory of Operation

5 Using the Kit

5 Setting the Address

6 Development Using the Prototyping Area

7 Range Testing

8 Using the Boards as a Design Reference

9 About Antennas

9 In Closing

10 KH3 Series Transmitter Evaluation Board Schematic

11 KH3 Series Decoder Evaluation Board Schematic

– – Introduction Linx KH3 Series RF modules offer a simple, efficient, and cost-effective method of adding wireless communication capabilities to any product. The Basic Evaluation Kit gives a designer all the tools necessary to correctly and legally incorporate the KH3 Series modules into an end product. The development boards themselves serve several important functions:

• Rapid Evaluation: The boards allow the performance of the Linx KH3 Series modules to be evaluated quickly in a user’s environment.
• Range Testing: Using the on-board encoders and decoders to generate a simplex transmission, a pair of development boards can be used to evaluate the range performance of the modules.
• Design Benchmark: The boards provide a known benchmark against which the performance of a custom design may be judged.
• Application Development: An on-board prototyping area allows for the development of applications directly on the development board. All signal lines are available on a header for easy access. The kit includes 2 KH3 Series transmitters*, 2 KH3 receivers*, 2 extra PCB-mount RP-SMA connectors, 2 development boards, 2 CW Series antennas, 1 CR2032 battery and 2 AAA batteries. *One part is soldered to the board, one extra for use on your first prototype board. KH3 Series Basic Evaluation Kit User's Guide Figure 1: KH3 Series Basic Evaluation Kit

– – KH3 Series Receiver / Decoder Evaluation Board 1. Battery – 3VDC (use 2 AAA style batteries) 2. Power Switch 3. Prototyping Area 4. Breakout Header 5. KH3 Series Receiver / Decoder Module 6. Reverse-Polarity SMA Antenna Connector 7. LEDs – D1–D7 8. Buzzer – D0 9. Holtek Configuration Switches 10. Address Configuration DIP Switch Figure 4: KH3 Receiver / Decoder Evaluation Board 3 4

– – Theory of Operation Transmitter Evaluation Board The transmitter board is powered by a 3V CR2032 lithium battery. It has eight SPST pushbutton switches, the states of which are encoded into a data stream by the module. When a switch is closed, the module captures the settings of the 10 address lines (connected to a DIP switch) and the eight pushbutton lines for encoding and transmission. The transmitter continuously transmits when any switch is closed or when the Transmit Enable (TE) line is pulled high. The board has a prototyping area with all of the transmitter lines wired to a header for easy access by external circuitry. Decoder Evaluation Board The receiver board is powered by two AAA batteries. The data recovered by the KH3 Series receiver is internally decoded. If the settings of the 10-position DIP switch on the receiver board match the address setting of the transmitter board, the data lines are updated to match the state of the data lines (or pushbuttons) on the transmitter board. To demonstrate this, one data line is used activate a buzzer while the others are used to activate LEDs. This board has a prototyping area with all of the receiver lines brought out to a header for easy access by external circuitry.

– – Using the Kit Using the kit is straightforward. Simply attach the antennas, turn on the power, set the 10-position DIP switches on both boards the same and press one or more of the buttons on the transmitter board. When S0 is pressed, the buzzer sounds. When S1–S7 are pressed, the corresponding LEDs turns on. Setting the Address The address is made of ten inputs from the DIP switch, resulting in 1,022 (210 – 2) possible combinations. Both the encoder and decoder board must have matching addresses. Warning: When designing remote control applications, it is very important to use unique addressing between devices. This eliminates opportunities for accidental triggering of unintentional devices within range. For example, if next door neighbors have matching addresses for their garage doors, each person would open both garage doors when transmitting from a single remote controller. For this reason it is important to set the address to a unique configuration. Note: The KH3 Series has 10 address inputs which can be set to over a thousand combinations. It is extremely important to mix up the address logic, making the address more likely to be unique. Simple addressing schemes, such as the first 9 address pins set to the same logic and the 10th address pin being inverted is NOT recommended. Note: All address lines high or all low is not allowed, so at least one line must be different from the others.

– – Development Using the Prototyping Area In addition to their evaluation functions, the boards may also be used for product development. They feature a prototyping area for the addition of application-specific circuitry. This area has connections to VCC at the top and to ground at the bottom that can be used to power any circuitry that is added. The holes are plated and set at 0.1" on center with a 0.04" diameter, making it easy to add most industry-standard SIP and DIP packages to the board. On the transmitter board, the data lines and the TE line from the encoder have been wired out to a header on the right side of the prototyping area. On the receiver board, the data, PDN and DATA lines from the receiver have been wired out. This allows for easy access to connect external circuitry to the modules, the encoder, and the decoder. Data line D0 is connected to the buzzer and the rest are connected to LEDs. Note: The CR2032-style battery on the transmitter board has very low current capacity with, only about 3mA available for external circuitry. If added circuitry requires a higher current, the battery must be removed and the board powered from an external source.

– – Range Testing Several complex mathematical models exist for determining path loss in many environments. These models vary as the transmitter and receiver are moved from indoor operation to outdoor operation. Although these models can provide an estimation of range performance in the field, the most reliable method is to simply perform range tests using the transmitter and receiver in the intended operational environment. Simple range testing can be performed with the transmitter and receiver evaluation boards. To prepare the board for range testing, simply turn it on by switching the power switch to the ON position. Pressing S0 on the transmitter activates the buzzer on the receiver board, while S1 activates the LED. Switches SW0 and SW1 have been provided to jumper the buttons and continuously transmit. This allows the designer to turn on the transmitter and walk with the receiver. As the maximum range of the link in an area is approached, it is not uncommon for the signal to cut in and out as the transmitter moves. This is normal and can result from other interfering sources or fluctuating signal levels due to multipath. Multipath results in cancellation of the transmitted signal as direct and reflected signals arrive at the receiver at differing times and phases. The areas in which this occurs are commonly called “nulls” and simply walking a little further usually restores the signal. If this does not restore the signal, then the maximum effective range of the link has been reached. Since the evaluation boards are intended for use by design engineers, they are not FCC certified. The transmitter has been set to approximate legal limits by resistor R1 so that the range test results will approximate the results from a well-designed, certified product. For applications where Part 15 limits are not applicable, R1 can be changed according to the attenuation graph in the KH3 Series Transmitter Data Guide. To achieve maximum range, keep objects such as your hand away from the antenna and ensure that the antenna on the transmitter has a clear and unobstructed line-of-sight path to the receiver board. Range performance is determined by many interdependent factors. If the range you are able to achieve is significantly less than specified by Linx for the products you are testing, then there is likely a problem with either the board or the ambient RF environment in which the board is operating. First, check the battery, switch positions, and antenna connection. Next, measure the receiver’s

– – RSSI voltage with the transmitter turned off to determine if ambient interference is present. If this fails to resolve the issue, please contact Linx technical support. Using the Boards as a Design Reference The basic evaluation boards included in this kit are very simple, yet they illustrate some important techniques that should be incorporated into the board layout. The module’s mounting pads extend slightly past the edge of the part. This eases hand assembly and allows for better heat conduction under the part if rework is necessary. A full ground plane fill is placed on the bottom of the board. This ground plane serves three important purposes: First, since a quarter-wave antenna is employed, the ground plane is critical to serve as a counterpoise (please see Application Note AN-00500 “Antennas: Design, Application, and Performance” for details on how a ground plane affects antenna function). Second, a ground plane suppresses the transfer of noise between stages of a product as well as unintentional radiation of noise into free space. Third, a ground plane allows for the implementation of a microstrip feed between the module and the antenna. The term microstrip refers to a PCB trace running over a ground plane that is designed to serve as a 50-ohm transmission line. See the module’s data guide or the calculator available on our website for details on microstrip calculations.

– – About Antennas The choice of antennas is one of the most critical and often overlooked design considerations. The range, performance, and legality of an RF link are critically dependent upon the type of antenna employed. Linx offers a variety of antenna styles that can be considered for a design. Included with the kit is a Linx CW Series connectorized whip antenna that should be connected prior to using the kit. Despite the fact that the antenna is not centered on the board’s ground plane, it exhibits a VSWR of <1.7 and suitably demonstrates the module’s best practical performance. In Closing Here at Linx, “Wireless Made Simple” is more than just our motto, it is our commitment. A commitment to the highest caliber of product, service, and support. That is why, should you have questions or encounter any difficulties using the evaluation kit, you’ll be glad to know many resources are available to assist you. First, check carefully for the obvious, then visit our website at www.linxtechnologies.com or call +1 541 471 6256 between 8AM and 4PM Pacific Time to speak with an application engineer. Legal Notice: All Linx kits and modules are designed in keeping with high engineering standards; however, it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the products are operated in a legal and appropriate manner. The purchaser understands that legal operation may require additional permits, approvals, or certifications prior to use, depending on the country of operation.

– – KH3 Series Transmitter Evaluation Board Schematic 10 11 GND GNDGND VCC VCC GND VCC VCC R1 0 ohm SW1 SW0 RF1 GND2-5 ANT1 CONREVSMA001 TE SW2 SW3 SW4 VCC VCC GND GND LADJ/GND1 D02 D13 GND4 VCC5 TE6 D27 D38 D49 D510 D611 D712 A0 13 A1 14 A2 15 A3 16 A4 17 A5 18 A6 19 A7 20 A8 21 A9 22 GND 23 ANT 24 D_CFG25 A_CFG026 A_CFG127 TX1 TXM-XXX-KH3 VCC GND BAT-HLD-001 620 GND TE 100k GND TE1 Figure 5: KH3 Series Transmitter / Encoder Evaluation Board Schematic

– – 10 11 GND VCC BZ1 B\4 C\6 GND7 A\2 E 11 F\ 12 F 13 VCC 14 E\ 10 D 9 D\ 8 0.01uF 100k 10k 2.2K 10KGND 2N2222 GND RF GND2-5 ANT1 CONREVSMA001 RSSI GND GNDG ND GND GND GNDG ND 620 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 620 620 620 620 R10 620 R11 620 GND VCC PDN DATA VT VCC GND R12 620 GND NC1 D02 D13 GND4 VCC5 PDN6 D27 D38 D49 DATA10 VT11 D512 D613 D714 A0 15 A1 16 A2 17 A3 18 A4 19 A5 20 A6 21 A7 22 A8 23 A9 24 RSSI 25 NC 26 GND 27 ANT 28 D_CFG29 A_CFG030 A_CFG131 RX1 RXD-XXX-KH3 SW2 SW3 SW4 VCC VCC GND PDN DATA VT RSSI KH3 Series Receiver / Decoder Evaluation Board Schematic Figure 6: KH3 Series Receiver / Decoder Evaluation Board Schematic

Linx Technologies is continually striving to improve the quality and function of its products. For this reason, we reserve the right to make changes to our products without notice. The information contained in this Data Guide is believed to be accurate as of the time of publication. Specifications are based on representative lot samples. Values may vary from lot-to-lot and are not guaranteed. “Typical” parameters can and do vary over lots and application. Linx Technologies makes no guarantee, warranty, or representation regarding the suitability of any product for use in any specific application. It is the customer’s responsibility to verify the suitability of the part for the intended application. NO LINX PRODUCT IS INTENDED FOR USE IN ANY APPLICATION WHERE THE SAFETY OF LIFE OR PROPERTY IS AT RISK. Linx Technologies DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINX TECHNOLOGIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY OF CUSTOMER’S INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING IN ANY WAY FROM ANY DEFECTIVE OR NON-CONFORMING PRODUCTS OR FOR ANY OTHER BREACH OF CONTRACT BY LINX TECHNOLOGIES. The limitations on Linx Technologies’ liability are applicable to any and all claims or theories of recovery asserted by Customer, including, without limitation, breach of contract, breach of warranty, strict liability, or negligence. Customer assumes all liability (including, without limitation, liability for injury to person or property, economic loss, or business interruption) for all claims, including claims from third parties, arising from the use of the Products. The Customer will indemnify, defend, protect, and hold harmless Linx Technologies and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, distributors, and representatives from and against all claims, damages, actions, suits, proceedings, demands, assessments, adjustments, costs, and expenses incurred by Linx Technologies as a result of or arising from any Products sold by Linx Technologies to Customer. Under no conditions will Linx Technologies be responsible for losses arising from the use or failure of the device in any application, other than the repair, replacement, or refund limited to the original product purchase price. Devices described in this publication may contain proprietary, patented, or copyrighted techniques, components, or materials. Under no circumstances shall any user be conveyed any license or right to the use or ownership of such items. ©2021 Linx Technologies. All rights reserved. Linx Technologies

159 Ort Lane

Merlin, OR, US 97532 Phone: +1 541 471 6256 Fax: +1 541 471 6251 www.linxtechnologies.com Doc# DG21235-09MOD