HDP01-0512N STMICROELECTRONICS | Alldatasheet

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Technical content

HDP01-0512N® April 1999 - Ed: 6A HARD DISK DRIVE POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION SOT223 PROTECTION FOR THE +5V AND +12V POWER LINES OF: - Hard disk drives - Floppy disk drives - CD-ROMs, CD-R, CD-RW - DVDs

APPLICATIONS

This device is dedicated to the protection of the +5V power supply line against transient overvol- tages due to surge of power rails up to the activa- tion of the serial thermal protection element. It is also dedicated to the protection of the +12V rail against transient overvoltages.

DESCRIPTION

Application Specific Discretes A.S.D.TM GND PL5 PL5 PL12 BASIC APPLICATION DIAGRAM Unprotected 5V Unprotected 12V HDP01-0512N Protected 5V Protected 12V PL12 PL5 Gnd OVERVOLTAGE CLAMPING PL12 PL5 OVERVOLTAGE DETECTION note: The element in series with the 5V line is a resettable device, like Raychem Polyswitch MiniSMD075. TM : ASD is trademark of STMicroelectronics. COMPONENT COUNT REDUCTION PCB SURFACE REDUCTION SIMPLIFIED SYSTEM PROTECTION DESIGN BENEFITS PROTECTION OF BOTH 5V AND 12V SUPPLY RAILS. MAXIMUM CURRENT ON THE 5V LINE 3A DURING 1s. MONOLITHIC INTEGRATION IN PLANAR TECHNOLOGY.

FEATURES

Symbol Parameter Value Unit ton Conduction time with I-PL5 = 3A DC (note1) 1s Top Operating temperature range 0 to + 75 °C Tj Maximum junction temperature 125 °C Tstg Storage temperature range - 55 to + 150 °C TL Lead solder temperature (10s duration) 260 °C note 1 : I-PL5 is the current going through the 5V line (PL5) ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol Parameter Value Unit Rth (j-t)Junction to tab 30 °C/W Rth (j-a)Junction to ambient (note 2) 60 °C/W note 2 : With 5cm2 copper (e=35µm) surface under tab. THERMAL RESISTANCE Symbol Parameter Value UnitMin. Typ. Max. VNA -PL5 Non activation voltage between PL5 and Gnd at IRM =100µA 6.0 V VA-PL5 Activation voltage between PL5 and Gnd 7.0 7.4 V IRM -PL5 Leakage current between PL5 and Gnd at VRM =5V 1 µA IA-PL5 Activation current between PL5 and Gnd 10 mA VON -PL5 Voltage drop on active state at ION =3A 1.3 V ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb = 25°C) PROTECTION OF 5 V LINE (PL5) Symbol Parameter Value UnitMin. Typ. Max. VBR -PL12 Breakdown voltage at IR=1mA 14 16 V IRM -PL12 Leakage current between PL12 and Gnd at VRM =12V 1 µA Rd Dynamic resistance. Square pulse Ipp=3A, tp = 2.5µs 2.5 Ω PROTECTION OF 12 V LINE (PL12) ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Tamb=25°C) I VNA-PL5 IRM-PL5 VA-PL5 IA-PL5 VON-PL5 VRM-PL5 ION +5V PROTECTION VRM-PL12 VBR-PL12 I IRM-PL12 Slope = 1 / Rd +12V PROTECTION HDP01-0512N

ITSM(A) Pl5 vs GND Tj initial=25°C tp(ms) Fig. 1: Non repetitive surge peak on-state current versus pulse duration (rectangular waveform). 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 300 100 500 Ppp(W) Tj initial=25°C Pl12 vs GND tp(ms) Fig. 2: Peak pulse power dissipation versus exponential pulse duration (Tj initial = 25°C). 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 0.1 0.5 Ipp(A) PL12 vs GND Vcl(V) Fig. 3: Typical clamping voltage versus peak pulse current (rectangular waveform, tp=2.5µs). 0123450 100 110 120 130 Rth(j-a) (°C/W) S(Cu) (cm²) Fig. 4: Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness: 35µm). 1E-4 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 2E+2 Zth(°C/W) Zth(j-a) Zth(j-t) tp(s) Fig. 5: Thermal impedance junction to ambient and junction to tab versus pulse duration. Note: Rth(j-a) = (TjMax - Tamb ) / PMax HDP01-0512N

The HDP01-0512N has been specially designed to protect equipment supplied by both +5 and +12 Volt power rails such as hard disk drives, CD-ROMs, DVDs, floppy disk drives with the topology indicated in figure A.1. This protection device is able to protect both +5 and +12 Volts power rails against transients and rails in- version. The internal +5V protection is achieved with a crowbar structure whereas the +12V one is secured by a clamping structure. ABOUT THE +5V PROTECTION In normal conditions, (region ➊ of figure A.2) the +5V protection (PL5 termination) of the HDP01-0512N connected to the +5V rail, is in idle state and its leakage current is 1µA max at +5V @ 25°C. Upon occur- rence of transients, the HDP01-0512N eliminates the overvoltage by clamping up to a maximum of +7.4V (region ➋ ) since the current induced by the transient does not exceed the activation current I A min (10mA). If the IA min current value is passed, the internal +5V protection trips in crowbar mode (region ➌ ) and then a short circuit appears on the +5V rail . The arrows indicate the way the device is activated from point ➋ to point ➌ , and the way it goes back in idle state, point ➌ to point ➊ Thanks to this behavior the electronic module (i.e. disk drive) connected to the +5V rail is safe. As soon as the transient disappears and assuming that the current in the +5V power supply rail is under the holding current IH min value (10mA) of the +5V protection, the HDP01-0512N gets back in idle state and the protected electronic module turns back on. As in many cases the current delivered by the +5V power supply is higher than the I H min current value of the HDP01-0512N, it is necessary to use a serial protection on the +5V rail (i.e. resettable fuse), connected before the HDP protection. This will prevent the HDP01-0512N from being damaged by an over-rated dissipated power. The choice of the serial protector is led by both peak current and current duration the HDP01-0512N is able to support. The serial protection shall fulfill the next condition : i 2t serial protection < ITSM @ tp of +5V HDP protection.

APPLICATION INFORMATION

Fig. A.1: typical application schematic. +5V supply rail +12V supply rail ELECTRONIC MODULE (i.e. Disk drive) HDP01-512N OVERVOLTAGE ELIMINATOR OVERVOLTAGE DETECTOR Fig. A.2: Current and voltage characteristic of the +5V protection. I V IH IA VA 1 2 HDP01-0512N

The ITSM value as a function of the pulse duration tp for the HDP01 device is given on the figure 1 of this datasheet. In the case the supply cables of the +12V and +5V are reversed, the +5V (PL5) internal protection of the HDP01-512N immediately shorts circuits +5V rail and ensures on efficient protection of the electronic mod- ule. ABOUT THE +12V PROTECTION The +12V internal protection (PL12 termination) eliminates all transients appearing on the +12V supply rail. In normal conditions (region 4 of figure A.3) its leakage current is 1µA maximum at 12V @ 25°C. When a surge occurs on the +12V rail, the overvoltage is clamped (region 5) and the electronic module connected to this rail is protected. The clamping voltage (Vcl) is depending on several parameters which are : - current induced by the transient (Ipp) - ambient temperature effect (αT) - breakdown voltage of the protection (V BR ) - dynamic resistance of the protection (Rd) To evaluate the clamping voltage appearing on the +12V rail when a transient occurs, the next formula is needed : Vcl = VBR max + Rd*IPP with a typical Rd equals to 2.5Ω IPP is the peak current given by the transient which is : IPP = (Vtransient - Vcl)/Rs ⇒ Vtransient = peak voltage of the transient ⇒ Rs is the series resistance of the surge generator. If, for example, we consider a 50V combined surge 1.2/50µs - 8/20µs, as defined by the standard IEC1000-4-5, the Vcl is calculated as: Vcl = 16 + 2.5*IPP and IPP = (50 - Vcl) / 42 RS = 42 Ω (generator impedance) then it comes up with Vcl = 17.9V and IPP = 0.7A The impact of the temperature on the clamping voltage can be considered as to be : Vcl(T°C) = Vcl(25°C) * (1 + αT(T°C-25°C)) where T°C is the ambient temperature for which the module shall run. The HDP01-0512N +12V protection has a power dissipation capability that is given in the figure 2 of this datasheet named "Peak pulse power versus exponential pulse duration". This figure is necessary to deter- mine if the power involved in the +12V protection does not exceed the maximum power the HDP01 +12V protection can support. For example, considering the last calculation where Vcl=17.9 and IPP =0.7A, the peak power is in that case 12.5W (Vcl*IPP ) for a 20µs exponential surge duration. If we compare this value to the curve of figure 2, then we see the dissipated power is much lower than the +12V protection limit (200W @ 20µs) this tells us the +12V protection of the HDP01-0512N can easily withstand such a 12.5W surge. Fig. A.3: Current and voltage characteristic of the +12V protection. I V VCL HDP01-0512N

SOT223 (Plastic) FOOT PRINT DIMENSIONS (in millimeters) SOT223 (Plastic) Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written ap- proval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics © 1999 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - France - Germany - Italy - Japan - Korea - Malaysia - Malta - Mexico - Morocco - The Netherlands - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Taiwan - Thailand - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com REF. DIMENSIONS Millimeters Inches A 1.80 0.071 A1 0.02 0.001 e 2.3 0.090 e1 4.6 0.181 V 10° max A B D H E e c V Order code Marking Package Weight Packing Base Qty HDP01-0512NRL HD1 SOT223 0.123 g Tape & reel 1000pcs MARKING HDP01-0512N