HCS515-I

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 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 1 HCS515

FEATURES

• Encrypted storage of manufacturer’s code
• Encrypted storage of encoder decryption keys
• Up to seven transmitters can be learned code hopping technology
• Normal and secure learning mechanisms Operating
• 4.5V – 5.5V operation
• Internal oscillator
• Auto bit rate detection Other
• Stand-alone decoder
• Internal EEPROM for transmitter storage
• Synchronous serial interface
• 1 Kbit user EEPROM
• 14-pin DIP/SOIC package Typical Applications
• Automotive remote entry systems
• Automotive alarm systems
• Automotive immobilizers
• Gate and garage openers
• Electronic door locks
• Identity tokens
• Burglar alarm systems Compatible Encoders All encoders and transponders configured for the fol- lowing setting:
• PWM modulation format (1/3-2/3)
• T E in the range from 100 µs to 400 µs
• 1 0 x TE Header
• 28-bit Serial Number
• 16-bit Synchronization counter
• Discrimination bits equal to Serial Number 8 LSbs
• 66- to 69-bit length code word.

DESCRIPTION

The Microchip Technology Inc. HCS515 is a code hop- ping decoder designed for secure Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) systems. The HCS515 utilizes the pat- ented code hopping system and high security learning mechanisms to make this a canned solution when used with the HCS encoders to implement a unidirectional remote and access control systems. The HCS515 can be used as a stand-alone decoder or in conjunction with a microcontroller. PACKAGE TYPE BLOCK DIAGRAM The manufacturer’s code, encoder decryption keys, and synchronization information are stored in encrypted form in internal EEPROM. The HCS515 uses the S_DAT and S_CLK inputs to communicate with a host controller device. The HCS515 operates over a wide voltage range of 4.5V – 5.5V. The decoder employs automatic bit rate detection, which allows it to compensate for wide vari- HCS515 PDIP, SOIC NC NC V DD NC NC Vss RF_IN MCLR NC S_CLK S_DAT NC Reception Register Internal CONTROL DECRYPTOR RFIN OSCILLATOR S_DAT S_CLK MCLR EEPROM EE_DAT EE_CLK K EE L OQ ® Code Hopping Decoder

DS40183D-page 2  2002 Microchip Technology Inc. ations in transmitter data rate. The decoder contains sophisticated error checking algorithms to ensure only valid codes are accepted.

1.0 SYSTEM OVERVIEW

The following is a list of key terms used throughout this data sheet. For additional information on KEE LOQ and Code Hopping, refer to Technical Brief 3 (TB003).

• RKE - Remote Keyless Entry
• Button Status - Indicates what button input(s) activated the transmission. Encompasses the 4 button status bits S3, S2, S1 and S0 (Figure 7-2).
• Code Hopping - A method by which a code, viewed externally to the system, appears to change unpredictably each time it is transmitted.
• Code word - A block of data that is repeatedly transmitted upon button activation (Figure 7-1).
• Transmission - A data stream consisting of repeating code words (Figure 7-1).
• Crypt key - A unique and secret 64-bit number used to encrypt and decrypt data. In a symmetri- cal block cipher such as the K EE LOQ algorithm, the encryption and decryption keys are equal and will therefore be referred to generally as the crypt key.
• Encoder - A device that generates and encodes data.
• Encryption Algorithm - A recipe whereby data is scrambled using a crypt key. The data can only be interpreted by the respective decryption algorithm using the same crypt key.
• Decoder - A device that decodes data received from an encoder.
• Decryption algorithm - A recipe whereby data scrambled by an encryption algorithm can be unscrambled using the same crypt key.
• Learn – Learning involves the receiver calculating the transmitter’s appropriate crypt key, decrypting the received hopping code and storing the serial number, synchronization counter value and crypt key in EEPROM. The K EE LOQ product family facil- itates several learning strategies to be imple- mented on the decoder. The following are examples of what can be done. - Simple Learning The receiver uses a fixed crypt key, common to all components of all systems by the same manufacturer, to decrypt the received code word’s encrypted portion. - Normal Learning The receiver uses information transmitted during normal operation to derive the crypt key and decrypt the received code word’s encrypted portion. - Secure Learn The transmitter is activated through a special button combination to transmit a stored 60-bit seed value used to generate the transmitter’s crypt key. The receiver uses this seed value to derive the same crypt key and decrypt the received code word’s encrypted portion.
• Manufacturer’s code – A unique and secret 64- bit number used to generate unique encoder crypt keys. Each encoder is programmed with a crypt key that is a function of the manufacturer’s code. Each decoder is programmed with the manufac- turer code itself.

1.1 HCS Encoder Overview

The HCS encoders have a small EEPROM array which must be loaded with several parameters before use. The most important of these values are:

• A crypt key that is generated at the time of pro- duction
• A 16-bit synchronization counter value
• A 28-bit serial number which is meant to be unique for every encoder The manufacturer programs the serial number for each encoder at the time of production, while the ‘Key Gen- eration Algorithm’ generates the crypt key (Figure 1-1). Inputs to the key generation algorithm typically consist of the encoder’s serial number and a 64-bit manufac- turer’s code, which the manufacturer creates. Note: The manufacturer code is a pivotal part of the system’s overall security. Conse- quently, all possible precautions must be taken and maintained for this code.

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 3 HCS515 FIGURE 1-1: CREATION AND STORAGE OF CRYPT KEY DURING PRODUCTION The 16-bit synchronization counter is the basis behind the transmitted code word changing for each transmis- sion; it increments each time a button is pressed. Due to the code hopping algorithm’s complexity, each incre- ment of the synchronization value results in greater than 50% of the bits changing in the transmitted code word. Figure 1-2 shows how the key values in EEPROM are used in the encoder. Once the encoder detects a button press, it reads the button inputs and updates the syn- chronization counter. The synchronization counter and crypt key are input to the encryption algorithm and the output is 32 bits of encrypted information. This data will change with every button press, its value appearing externally to ‘randomly hop around’, hence it is referred to as the hopping portion of the code word. The 32-bit hopping code is combined with the button information and serial number to form the code word transmitted to the receiver. The code word format is explained in greater detail in Section 7.2. A receiver may use any type of controller as a decoder, but it is typically a microcontroller with compatible firm- ware that allows the decoder to operate in conjunction with an HCS515 based transmitter. Section 3.0 provides detail on integrating the HCS515 into a sys- tem. A transmitter must first be ‘learned’ by the receiver before its use is allowed in the system. Learning includes calculating the transmitter’s appropriate crypt key, decrypting the received hopping code and storing the serial number, synchronization counter value and crypt key in EEPROM. In normal operation, each received message of valid format is evaluated. The serial number is used to deter- mine if it is from a learned transmitter. If from a learned transmitter, the message is decrypted and the synchro- nization counter is verified. Finally, the button status is checked to see what operation is requested. Figure 1-3 shows the relationship between some of the values stored by the receiver and the values received from the transmitter. FIGURE 1-2: BUILDING THE TRANSMITTED CODE WORD (ENCODER) Transmitter Manufacturer’s Serial Number Code Crypt Key Key Generation Algorithm Serial Number Crypt Key Sync Counter HCS515Production Programmer EEPROM Array Button Press Information EEPROM Array

32 Bits

Encrypted DataSerial Number Transmitted Information Crypt Key Sync Counter Serial Number KEE LOQ Encryption Algorithm

DS40183D-page 4  2002 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 1-3: BASIC OPERATION OF RECEIVER (DECODER) NOTE: Circled numbers indicate the order of execution.

2.0 PIN ASSIGNMENT

Manufacturer Code 32 Bits of Encrypted DataSerial Number Received Information Decrypted Synchronization Counter Check for Match Sync Counter Serial Number KEE LOQ Decryption Algorithm Check for Match2 Perform Function Indicated by button press 5 Crypt Key PIN Decoder Function I/O(1) Buffer Type(1) Description 1N C — — No connection

2 NC — — No connection

3V DD — — Power connection

4 S1 O TTL S1 function output

5 S0 O TTL S0 function output

7 NC — — No connection

8 NC — — No connection

9 S_DAT I/O TTL Synchronous data from controller

10 S_CLK I TTL Synchronous clock from controller

11 RF_IN I TTL Input from RF receiver

12 GND — — Ground connection

13 NC — — No connection

14 NC — — No connection

Note: P = power, I = in, O = out, and ST = Schmitt Trigger input.

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 5 HCS515

3.0 DECODER OPERATION

3.1 Learning a Transmitter to a

Receiver (Normal or Secure Learn) Before the transmitter and receiver can work together, the receiver must first ‘learn’ and store the following information from the transmitter in EEPROM:

• A check value of the serial number
• The encoder decryption key
• The current synchronization counter value The decoder must also store the manufacturer’s code (Section 1.1) in protected memory. This code will typically be the same for all of the decoders in a sys- tem. The HCS515 has seven memory slots, and, conse- quently, can store up to seven transmitters. During the learn procedure, the decoder searches for an empty memory slot for storing the transmitter’s information. When all of the memory slots are full, the decoder will overwrite the last transmitter’s information. To erase all of the memory slots at once, use the ERASE_ALL command (C3H).

3.1.1 LEARNING PROCEDURE

Learning is initiated by sending the ACTIVATE_LEARN (D2H) command to the decoder. The decoder acknowledges reception of the command by pulling the data line high. For the HCS515 decoder to learn a new transmitter, the following sequence is required: 1. Activate the transmitter once. 2. Activate the transmitter a second time. (In Secure Learning mode, the seed transmission must be transmitted during the second stage of learn by activating the appropriate buttons on the transmitter.) 3. The HCS515 will transmit a learn-status string, indicating that the learn was successful. 4. The decoder has now learned the transmitter. 5. Repeat steps 1-3 to learn up to seven transmitters Note 1: Learning will be terminated if two nonsequential codes were received or if two acceptable codes were not decoded within 30 seconds. 2: If more than seven transmitters are learned, the new transmitter will replace the last transmitter learned. It is, therefore, not possible to erase lost transmitters by repeatedly learning new transmitters. To remove lost or stolen transmitters, ERASE_ALL transmitters and relearn all available transmitters. 3: Learning a transmitter with an encoder decryption key that is identical to a transmitter already in memory replaces the existing transmitter. In practice, this means that all transmit- ters should have unique encoder decryption keys. Learning a previously learned transmitter does not use any additional memory slots. The following checks are performed by the decoder to determine if the transmission is valid during learn:

• The first code word is checked for bit integrity.
• The second code word is checked for bit integrity.
• The encoder decryption key is generated accord- ing to the selected algorithm.
• The hopping code is decrypted.
• The discrimination value is checked.
• If all the checks pass, the key, serial number check value, and synchronization counter values are stored in EEPROM memory. Figure 3-1 shows a flow chart of the learn sequence. FIGURE 3-1: LEARN SEQUENCE Enter Learn Mode Wait for Reception of Second Compare Discrimination Value with Serial Number Use Generated Key to Decrypt Equal? Sync. Counter Value Encoder Decryption Key Exit Learn Successful Store: Learn Unsuccessful No Yes Wait for Reception of a Valid Code Non-Repeated Valid Code Generate Key from Serial Number/ Seed Value Serial Number Check Value

DS40183D-page 6  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

3.2 Validation of Codes

The decoder waits for a transmission and checks the serial number to determine if it is a learned transmitter. If it is, it takes the code hopping portion of the transmis- sion and decrypts it, using the encoder decryption key. It uses the discrimination value to determine if the decryption was valid. If everything up to this point is valid, the synchronization counter value is evaluated.

3.3 Validation Steps

Validation consists of the following steps: 1. Search EEPROM to find the Serial Number Check Value Match 2. Decrypt the Hopping Code 3. Compare the 10 bits of the discrimination value with the lower 10 bits of serial number 4. Check if the synchronization counter value falls within the first synchronization window. 5. Check if the synchronization counter value falls within the second synchronization window. 6. If a valid transmission is found, update the synchronization counter, else use the next transmitter block, and repeat the tests. FIGURE 3-2: DECODER OPERATION Transmission Received? Does Ser # Check Val Match? Decrypt Transmission Is decryption valid? Is Counter within 16? Is Counter within 16K? Update Counter Execute Command Save Counter in Temp Location Start No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No and

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 7 HCS515

3.4 Synchronization with Decoder

(Evaluating the Counter) The K EE LOQ technology patent scope includes a sophisticated synchronization technique that does not require the calculation and storage of future codes. The technique securely blocks invalid transmissions while providing transparent resynchronization to transmitters inadvertently activated away from the receiver. Figure 3-3 shows a 3-partition, rotating synchronization window. The size of each window is optional but the technique is fundamental. Each time a transmission is authenticated, the intended function is executed and the transmission's synchronization counter value is stored in EEPROM. From the currently stored counter value there is an initial "Single Operation" forward win- dow of 16 codes. If the difference between a received synchronization counter and the last stored counter is within 16, the intended function will be executed on the single button press and the new synchronization counter will be stored. Storing the new synchronization counter value effectively rotates the entire synchroniza- tion window. A "Double Operation" (resynchronization) window fur- ther exists from the Single Operation window up to 32K codes forward of the currently stored counter value. It is referred to as "Double Operation" because a trans- mission with synchronization counter value in this win- dow will require an additional, sequential counter transmission prior to executing the intended function. Upon receiving the sequential transmission the decoder executes the intended function and stores the synchronization counter value. This resynchronization occurs transparently to the user as it is human nature to press the button a second time if the first was unsuc- cessful. The third window is a "Blocked Window" ranging from the double operation window to the currently stored synchronization counter value. Any transmission with synchronization counter value within this window will be ignored. This window excludes previously used, perhaps code-grabbed transmissions from accessing the system. FIGURE 3-3: SYNCHRONIZATION WINDOW Blocked Entire Window rotates to eliminate use of previously used codes Single Operation Window Window (32K Codes) (16 Codes) Double Operation (resynchronization) Window (32K Codes) Stored Synchronization Counter Value

DS40183D-page 8  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

4.0 INTERFACING TO A

The HCS515 interfaces to a microcontroller via a syn- chronous serial interface. A clock and data line are used to communicate with the HCS515. The microcon- troller controls the clock line. There are two groups of data transfer messages. The first is from the decoder whenever the decoder receives a valid transmission. The decoder signals reception of a valid code by taking the data line high (maximum of 500 ms) The microcon- troller then services the request by clocking out a data string from the decoder. The data string contains the function code, the status bit, and block indicators. The second is from the controlling microcontroller to the decoder in the form of a defined command set. Figure 4-1 shows the HCS515 decoder and the I/O interface lines necessary to interface to a microcontrol- ler.

4.1 Valid Transmission Message

The decoder informs the microcontroller of a valid transmission by taking the data line high for up to 500 ms. The controlling microcontroller must acknowl- edge by taking the clock line high. The decoder then takes the data line low. The microcontroller can then begin clocking a data stream out of the HCS515. The data stream consists of:

• S T A R T b i t ‘0’.
• 2 status bits [REPEAT, Vlow].
• 4-bit function code [S3 S2 S1 S0].
• S T O P b i t ‘1’.
• 4 bits indicating the number of transmitters learned into the decoder [CNT3…CNT0].
• 4 bits indicating which block was used [TX3…TX0].
• 64 bits of the received transmission with the hop- ping code decrypted. Note: Data is always clocked in/out Least Significant bit (LSb) first. The decoder will terminate the transmission of the data stream at any point where the clock is kept low for longer than 1 ms. Therefore, the microcontroller can only clock out the required bits. A maximum of 80 bits can be clocked out of the decoder. FIGURE 4-1: HCS515 DECODER AND I/O INTERFACE LINES FIGURE 4-2: DECODER VALID TRANSMISSION MESSAGE NC NC V DD RF DATA SYNC CLOCK SYNC DATA S0 OUTPUTHCS515 MCLR NC NC NC VSS RF_IN S_CLK S_DAT NC VCC X X X MICRO RESET S1 OUTPUT X X X Decoder Signal Valid TCLKH TDS AB Cii TACT TDHI TCLA Received String Ci S_DAT TX0 TX3 RX63REPT VLOW S0 S1 S2 S3 CNT0 CNT30 RX0 RX1 RX621 S_CLK Information TACK TCLKH TCLKL Transmission

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 9 HCS515

4.2 Command Mode

4.2.1 MICROCONTROLLER COMMAND

The microcontroller command consists of four parts. The first part activates the Command mode, the sec- ond part is the actual command, the third is the address accessed, and the fourth part is the data. The micro- controller starts the command by taking the clock line high for up to 500 ms. The decoder acknowledges the start-up sequence by taking the data line high. The microcontroller takes the clock line low, after which the decoder will take the data line low, tri-state the data line and wait for the command to be clocked in. The data must be set up on the rising edge and will be sampled on the falling edge of the clock line.

4.2.2 COLLISION DETECTION

The HCS515 uses collision detection to prevent clashes between the decoder and microcontroller. Whenever the decoder receives a valid transmission the following sequence is followed:

• The decoder first checks to see if the clock line is high. If the clock line is high, the valid transmis- sion notification is aborted, and the microcontrol- ler Command mode request is serviced.
• The decoder takes the data line high and checks that the clock line doesn’t go high within 50 µs. If the clock line goes high, the valid transmission notification is aborted and the Command mode request is serviced.
• If the clock line goes high after 50 µs but before 500 ms, the decoder will acknowledge by taking the data line low.
• The microcontroller can then start to clock out the 80-bit data stream of the received transmission. FIGURE 4-3: MICROCONTROLLER COMMAND MODE ACTIVATION MSB A Command ByteSTART Command TCLKL TCLKH TDS BC LSB TSTART TCMD D TDATA E Address Byte D ata Byte TADDR TREQ TRESP CLK µC Data MSBLSB MSBLSB TACK HCS515 Data

DS40183D-page 10  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

4.2.3 COMMAND ACTIVATION TIMES

The command activation time (Table 4-1) is defined as the maximum time the microcontroller has to wait for a response from the decoder. The decoder will abort and service the command request. The response time depends on the state of the decoder when the Com- mand mode is requested. TABLE 4-1: COMMAND ACTIVATION TIMES

4.2.4 DECODER COMMANDS

The command byte specifies the operation required by the controlling microcontroller. Table 4-2 lists the com- mands. TABLE 4-2: DECODER COMMANDS Decoder State Min Max While receiving transmissions — 2.5 ms BPWMAX = 2.7 ms During the validation of a received transmission — 3 ms During the update of the sync counters — 40 ms During learn — 170 msInstruction Command Byte Operation READ F0 HEX Read a byte from user EEPROM WRITE E1 HEX Write a byte to user EEPROM ACTIVATE_LRN D2 HEX Activate a learn sequence on the decoder ERASE_ALL C3 HEX Activate an erase all function on the decoder PROGRAM B4 HEX Program manufacturer’s code and configuration byte

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 11 HCS515

4.2.5 READ BYTE/S FROM USER

The read command (Figure 4-4) is used to read bytes from the user EEPROM. The offset in the user EEPROM is specified by the address byte, which is truncated to 7 bits (C to D). After the address, a dummy byte must be clocked in (D to E). The EEPROM data byte is clocked out on the next rising edge of the clock line with the Least Significant bit first (E to F). Sequen- tial reads are possible by repeating sequence E to F within 1 ms after the falling edge of the previous byte’s Most Significant bit (MSb). During the sequential read, the address value will wrap after 128 bytes. The decoder will terminate the read command if no clock pulses are received for a period longer than 1.2 ms.

4.2.6 WRITE BYTE/S TO USER EEPROM

The write command (Figure 4-5) is used to write a loca- tion in the user EEPROM. The address byte is trun- cated to seven bits (C to D). The data is clocked in Least Significant bit (LSb) first. The clock line must be asserted to initiate the write. Sequential writes of bytes are possible by clocking in the byte and then asserting the clock line (D – F). The decoder will terminate the write command if no clock pulses are received for a period longer than 1.2 ms After a successful write sequence, the decoder will acknowledge by taking the data line high and keeping it high until the clock line goes low. FIGURE 4-4: READ BYTES FROM USER EEPROM FIGURE 4-5: WRITE BYTES TO USER EEPROM Decoder DATA MSB A Command ByteSTART Command BC LSB D TRD E Address Byte Dummy Byte CLK µC DATA F Data Byte MSBLSB MSBLSB MSBLSB TRD Decoder DATA MSB A Command ByteSTART Command BC LSB D TWR E Address Byte Data Byte CLK µC DATA F Acknowledge MSBLSB MSBLSB TACK TRESP TACK 2

DS40183D-page 12  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

4.2.7 ERASE ALL

The erase all command (Figure 4-6) erases all the transmitters in the decoder. After the command and two dummy bytes are clocked in, the clock line must be asserted to activate the command. After a successful completion of an erase all command, the data line is asserted until the clock line goes low. FIGURE 4-6: ERASE ALL

4.2.8 ACTIVATE LEARN

The activate learn command (Figure 4-7) is used to activate a transmitter learning sequence on the decoder. The command consists of a Command mode activation sequence, a command byte, and two dummy bytes. The decoder will respond by taking the data line high to acknowledge that the command was valid and that learn is active. Upon reception of the first transmission, the decoder will respond with a learn status message (Figure 4-8). During learn, the decoder will acknowledge the recep- tion of the first transmission by taking the data line high for 60 ms. The controlling microcontroller can clock out at most 8 bits, which will all be zeros. All of the bits of the status byte are zero, and this is used to distinguish between a learn time-out status string and the first transmission received string. The controlling microcon- troller must ensure that the clock line does not go high 60 ms after the falling edge of the data line, for this will terminate learn. Upon reception of the second transmission, the decoder will respond with a learn status message (Figure 4-9). The learn status message after the second transmis- sion consists of the following:

• 1 START bit.
• The function code [ S3:S0] of the message is zero, indicating that this is a status string.
• The RESULT bit indicates the result of the learn sequence. The RESULT bit is set if successful and cleared otherwise.
• The OVR bit will indicate whether an exiting trans- mitter is over written. The OVR bit will be set if an existing transmitter is learned over.
• T h e [CNT3…CNT0] bits will indicate the number of transmitters learned on the decoder.
• T h e [TX3…TX0] bits indicate the block number used during the learning of the transmitter. FIGURE 4-7: LEARN MODE ACTIVATION Decoder DATA MSB A Command ByteSTART Command BC LSB D TERA E Subcommand Byte Dummy Byte CLK µC DATA F Acknowledge MSBLSB MSBLSB TACK TRESP TACK 2 ecoder DATA MSB A Command ByteSTART Command BC LSB D TLRN E Dummy Byte Dummy Byte CLK µC DATA F Acknowledge MSBLSB MSBLSB TACK TRESP TACK 2

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 13 HCS515 FIGURE 4-8: LEARN STATUS MESSAGE AFTER FIRST TRANSMISSION FIGURE 4-9: LEARN STATUS MESSAGE AFTER SECOND TRANSMISSION

4.3 Stand-Alone Mode

The HCS515 decoder can also be used in stand-alone applications. The HCS515 will activate the data line for up to 500 ms if a valid transmission was received, and this output can be used to drive a relay circuit. To acti- vate learn or erase all commands, a button must be connected to the CLK input. User feedback is indicated on an LED connected to the S_DAT output line. If the CLK line is pulled high, using the learn button, the LED will switch on. After the CLK line is kept high for longer than 2 seconds, the decoder will switch the LED line off, indicating that learn will be entered if the button is released. If the CLK line is kept high for another 6 sec- onds, the decoder will activate an ERASE_ALL com- mand. Learn mode can be aborted by taking the clock line high until the data line goes high (LED switches on). During learn, the data line will give feedback to the user and, therefore, must not be connected to the relay drive circuitry. Note: The Repeat bit must be cleared in the configuration byte in Stand-alone mode. After taking the clock low and before a transmitter is learned, any low-to-high change on the clock line may terminate learn. This has learn implications when a switch with contact bounce is used.

4.4 Erase All Command and Erase

The Table 4-3 describes two versions of the Erase All command. Subcommand 01 can be used where a transmitter with permanent status is implemented in the microcontroller software. Use of subcommand 01 ensures that the permanent transmitter remains in memory even when all other transmitters are erased. The first transmitter learned after any of the following events is the first transmitter in memory and becomes the permanent transmitter: 1. Programming of the manufacturer’s code. 2. Erasing of all transmitters (subcommand 00 only). Command Request TCLKL TCLKH TACT AB TCLL TDHI TCLA TCLH CLK Decoder 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 Status Byte C Data Communications Request TCLKL TCLKH TACT AB C II TCLL TDHI TCLA TCLH CLK Decoder TX0 TX3 RX63OVR RSLT 0 0 0 0 CNT0 CNT30 RX0 RX1 RX621 C I Learn Status Bits Decoded TX DATA TABLE 4-3: ERASE ALL COMMAND Command Byte Subcommand Byte Description C3 HEX 00 HEX Erase all transmitters. C3 HEX 01 HEX Erase all transmit- ters except 1. The first transmitter in memory is not erased.

DS40183D-page 14  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

4.5 Test Mode

A special Test mode is activated after: 1. Programming of the manufacturer’s code. 2. Erasing of all transmitters. Test mode can be used to test a decoder before any transmitters are learned on it. Test mode enables test- ing of decoders without spending the time to learn a transmitter. Test mode is terminated after the first suc- cessful learning of an ordinary transmitter. In test mode, the decoder responds to a test transmitter. The test transmitter has the following properties: 1. Encoder decryption key = manufacturer’s code. 2. Serial number = any value. 3. Discrimination bits = lower 10 bits of the serial number. 4. Synchronization counter value = any value (synchronization information is ignored). Because the synchronization counter value is ignored in Test mode, any number of test transmitters can be used, even if their synchronization counter values are different.

4.6 Power Supply Supervisor

Reliable operation of the HCS515 requires that the contents of the EEPROM memory be protected against erroneous writes. To ensure that erroneous writes do not occur after supply voltage “brown-out” conditions, the use of a proper power supply supervisor device is imperative (Figure 4-11 and Figure 8-2). FIGURE 4-10: STAND-ALONE MODE LEARN/ERASE-ALL TIMING FIGURE 4-11: TYPICAL STAND-ALONE APPLICATION CIRCUIT DATA A Erase-All Activation TREQ TLRN CLK BC D Learn Activation TERA Successful E TLRN OUTPUT0 RELAY SPST VDD VDD LEARN NPN LED 10KΩ VDD VI GND RST MCP100-450 Voltage Supervisor NC NC VDD MCLR NC NC NC VSS RF_IN S_CLK S_DAT NC 14X X X X X X 10KΩ VDD 10KΩ from RF Receiver HCS515 OUTPUT1 RELAY SPST VDD NPN 10KΩ

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 15 HCS515

5.0 DECODER PROGRAMMING

The memory is divided between system memory that stores the transmitter information (read protected) and user memory (read/write). Commands to access the user memory are described in Sections 4.2.5 and 4.2.6. The following information stored in system memory needs to be programmed before the decoder can be used:

• 64-bit manufacturer’s code
• Decoder configuration byte Note 1: These memory locations are read pro- tected and can only be written to using the program command with the device powered up. 2: The contents of the system memory is encrypted by a unique 64-bit key that is stored in the HCS515. To initialize the system memory, the HCS515’s program command must be used.

5.1 Configuration Byte

The decoder is configured during initialization by set- ting the appropriate bits in the configuration byte. The following table list the options:

5.1.1 LRN_MODE

LRN_MODE selects between two learning modes. With LRN_MODE = 0, the Normal (serial number derived) mode is selected; with LRN_MODE = 1, the Secure (seed derived) mode is selected. See Section 6.0 for more detail on learning modes.

5.1.2 REPEAT

The HCS515 can be configured to indicate repeated transmissions. In a stand-alone configuration, repeated transmissions must be disabled. Bit Mnemonic Description

0 LRN_MODELearning mode selection

LRN_MODE = 0 – Normal Learn LRN_MODE = 1 – Secure Learn

1 Not Used Reserved

2 REPEATRepeat Transmission enable

0 = Disable 1 = Enabled

3 Not Used Reserved

4 Not Used Reserved

5 Not Used Reserved

6 Not Used Reserved

7 Not Used Reserved

DS40183D-page 16  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

5.2 Programming Waveform

The programming command consists of the following:

• Command Request Sequence (A to B)
• Command Byte (B to C)
• Configuration Byte (C to D)
• Manufacturer’s Code Eight Data Bytes (D to G)
• Activation and Acknowledge Sequence (G to H)

5.3 Programming Data String

A total of 80 bits are clocked into the decoder. The 8-bit command byte is clocked in first, followed by the 8-bit configuration byte and the 64-bit manufacturer’s code. The data must be clocked in Least Significant bit (LSb) first. The decoder will then encrypt the manufacturer’s code using the decoder’s unique 64-bit EEPROM encoder decryption key. After completion of the pro- gramming EEPROM, the decoder will acknowledge by taking the data line high (G to H). If the data line goes high within 30 ms after the clock goes high, program- ming also fails. FIGURE 5-1: PROGRAMMING WAVEFORM MSB A Command ByteSTART Command TCLKL TCLKH TDS BC LSB TSTART TDATA D TDATA E Configuration Byte Least Significant Byte TDATA TREQ TRESP CLK µC Data MSBLSB MSBLSB HCS515 Data TDATA G Most Significant Byte H TACK TWTH Acknowledge F TWTL LSB MSB TABLE 5-1: PROGRAMMING COMMAND Symbol Parameters Sugg. Value Min. Max. Units TREQ Command request time d.o.d. 0.005 500 ms TRESP Acknowledge time 100 10 1000 µs TSTART Command request to first command bit 100 20 1000 µs TCLKH Clock high time 100 20 1000 µs TCLKL Clock low time 100 20 1000 µs TDS Data hold time 50 14 1000 µs TDATA Command last bit to data first bit 100 10 1000 µs TACK Command acknowledge time d.o.d. 30 240 ms TWTH Acknowledge respond time 100 20 1000 µs TWTL Clock low to next command 100 10 — µs Note: d.o.d. - depends on decoder status These parameters are characterized but not tested

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 17 HCS515

6.0 KEY GENERATION

The HCS515 supports two learning schemes which are selected during the initialization of the system EEPROM. The learning schemes are:

• Normal learn using the KEE LOQ decryption algorithm
• Secure learn using the KEE LOQ decryption algorithm

6.1 Normal (Serial Number derived) Learn using the Decryption Algorithm

This learning scheme uses the KEE LOQ decryption algorithm and the 28-bit serial number of the transmitter to derive the encoder decryption key. The 28-bit serial number is patched with predefined values as indicated below to form two 32-bit seeds. SourceH = 60000000 00000000H + Serial Number | 28 bits SourceL = 20000000 00000000H + Serial Number | 28 bits Then, using the KEE LOQ decryption algorithm and the manufacturer’s code the encoder decryption key is derived as follows: KeyH Upper 32 bits = F KEE LOQ Decryption (SourceH) | 64-bit Manufacturer’s Code KeyL Lower 32 bits = F KEE LOQ Decryption (SourceL) | 64-bit Manufacturer’s Code

6.2 Secure (Seed Derived) Learn using the Decryption Algorithm

This scheme uses the secure seed transmitted by the encoder to derive the two input seeds. The decoder always uses the lower 64 bits of the transmission to form a 60-bit seed. The upper 4 bits are always forced to zero. For 32-bit seed encoders: SourceH = Serial Number Lower 28 bits SourceL = Seed 32 bits For 48-bit seed encoders: SourceH = Seed Upper 16 bits + Serial Number Upper 16 bits (with upper 4 bits set to zero) << 16 SourceL = Seed Lower 32 bits For 60-bit seed encoders: SourceH = Seed Upper 28 bits with upper 4 bits set to zero SourceL = Seed Lower 32 bits The KEE LOQ decryption algorithm and the manufacturer’s code is used to derive the encoder decryption key as follows: KeyH Upper 32 bits = Decrypt (SourceH) 64-bit Manufacturer’s Code KeyL Lower 32 bits = Decrypt (SourceL) 64-bit Manufacturer’s Code

DS40183D-page 18  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

7.0 ENCODERS

7.1 Transmission Format (PWM)

The encoder transmission is made up of several parts (Figure 7-1). Each transmission begins with a preamble and a header, followed by the encrypted and then the fixed data. The actual data is 66/69 bits, which consist of 32 bits of encrypted data and 34/37 bits of non-encrypted data. Each transmission is followed by a guard period before another transmission can begin. The code hopping portion provides up to four billion changing code combinations and includes the button status bits (based on which buttons were activated), along with the synchronization counter value and some discrimination bits. The non-code hopping portion is comprised of the status bits, the function bits, and the 28-bit serial number. The encrypted and non-encrypted combined sections increase the number of combina- tions to 7.38 x 10 19.

7.2 Code Word Organization

The HCS encoder transmits a 66/69-bit code word when a button is pressed. The 66/69-bit word is con- structed from a code hopping portion and a non-code hopping portion (Figure 7-2). The Encrypted Data is generated from four button bits, two overflow counter bits, ten discrimination bits, and the 16-bit synchronization counter value. The Non-encrypted Data is made up from 2 status bits, 4 function bits, and the 28/32-bit serial number. FIGURE 7-1: TRANSMISSION FORMAT (PWM) FIGURE 7-2: CODE WORD ORGANIZATION LOGIC "1" Guard Time 50% Encrypted Portion Fixed Code Portion LOGIC "0" Preamble Header TE TE TE 10xTE TBP Repeat (1-bit) VLOW (1-bit) Button Status S2 S1 S0 S3 Serial Number (28 bits) Button Status S2 S1 S0 S3 OVR (2 bits) DISC (10 bits) Sync Counter (16 bits) Repeat (1-bit) VLOW (1-bit) Button Status 1 1 1 1 Serial Number (28 bits) SEED (32 bits) 34 bits of Fixed Portion 32 bits of Encrypted Portion

66 Data bits

LSb first. LSbMSb MSb LSb SEED replaces Encrypted Portion when all button inputs are activated at the same time.

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 19 HCS515

8.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR HCS515

Absolute Maximum Ratings† Note: Power dissipation is calculated as follows: PDIS = VDD x {IDD - ∑ IOH } + ∑ {(VDD –VOH ) x IOH } + ∑ (VOL x IOL ) † NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other condi- tions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

DS40183D-page 20  2002 Microchip Technology Inc. FIGURE 8-1: RESET WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER AND POWER-UP TIMER TIMING TABLE 8-1: DC CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated) Operating temperature Commercial (C): 0 °C ≤ T A ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ.(†) Max. Units Conditions VDD Supply voltage 4.5 —5 . 5 V — VPOR VDD start voltage to ensure RESET —V s s — V — SVDD VDD rise rate to ensure RESET 0.05* — — V/ms — IDD Supply current — 1.8 2. mA F OSC = 4 MHz, VDD = 5.5V IPD Power-Down Current — 10 50 µAV DD = 4.5V VIL Input low voltage VSS —V M C L R = .2 VDD VSS —0 . 8 V V DD between 4.5V and 5.5V VIH Input high voltage 0.25 VDD + 0.8 — V DD VV DD between 4.5V and 5.5V VE x c e p t M C L R = 0.80 VDD VOL Output low voltage — — 0.6 V I OL = 8.5 mA, VDD = 4.5V VOH Output high voltage V DD - 0.7 — — V I OH = -3 mA, VDD = 4.5V † Data in “Typ” column is at 5.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are not tested. * These parameters are characterized but not tested. Note: Negative current is defined as coming out of the pin. TABLE 8-2: AC CHARACTERISTICS Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units Conditions TE Transmit elemental period 65 — 660 µs— TOD Output delay 48 75 237 ms — TMCLR MCLR low time 150 — — ns — TOV Time output valid — 150 222 ms — Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested. VDD MCLR I/O Pins Tov TMCLR

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 21 HCS515

8.1 AC Electrical Characteristics

8.1.1 VALID TRANSMISSION NOTIFICATION

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified) Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TDHI Command request time 0.0050 — 500 ms TCLA Micro request acknowledge time 0.0050 — 1 ms TACK Decoder Acknowledge time — — 4 µs TACT Start Command mode to first command bit 20 — 1200 µs TCLKH Clock high time 20 — 1000 µs TCLKL Clock low time 20 — 1000 µs FCLK Clock frequency 500 — 25000 Hz TDS Data hold time 14 — 1000 µs Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

8.1.2 COMMAND MODE ACTIVATION

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TREQ Command request time 0.0050 — 500 ms TRESP Microcontroller request acknowledge time —— 1m s TACK Decoder acknowledge time — — 4 µs TSTART Start Command mode to first command bit 20 — 1000 µs TCLKH Clock high time 20 — 1000 µs TCLKL Clock low time 20 — 1000 µs FCLK Clock frequency 500 — 25000 Hz TDS Data hold time 14 — — µs TCMD Command validate time — — 10 µs TADDR Address validate time — — 10 µs TDATA Data validate time — — 10 µs Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

8.1.3 READ FROM USER EEPROM COMMAND

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TRD Decoder EEPROM read time 1000 — 2000 µs Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

DS40183D-page 22  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

8.1.4 WRITE TO USER EEPROM COMMAND

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TWR Write command activation time 20 — 1000 µs TACK EEPROM write acknowledge time — — 10 ms TRESP Microcontroller acknowledge response time 20 — 1000 µs TACK 2 Decoder response acknowledge time ——1 0 µs Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

8.1.5 ERASE ALL COMMAND

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TERA Learn command activation time 20 — 1000 µs TACK Decoder acknowledge time 20 — 210 ms TRESP Microcontroller acknowledge response time 20 — 1000 µs TACK 2 Decoder data line low — — 10 µs Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

8.1.6 ACTIVATE LEARN COMMAND IN MICRO MODE

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70 °C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TLRN Learn command activation time 20 — 1000 µs TACK Decoder acknowledge time — — 20 µs TRESP Microcontroller acknowledge response time 20 — 1000 µs TACK 2 Decoder data line low — — 10 µs Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

8.1.7 ACTIVATE LEARN COMMAND IN STAND-ALONE MODE

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TREQ Command request time — — 100 ms TLRN Learn command activation time — — 2 s TERA Erase-all command activation time — — 6 s Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 23 HCS515 FIGURE 8-2: TYPICAL MICROCONTROLLER INTERFACE CIRCUIT

8.1.8 LEARN STATUS STRING

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified): Commercial (C): 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C Industrial (I): -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C Symbol Parameters Min. Typ. Max. Units TDHI Command request time — — 500 ms TCLA Microcontroller command request time 0.005 — 500 ms TACT Decoder request acknowledge time — — 10 µs TCLH Clock high hold time 1.2 ms TCLL Clock low hold time 0.020 — 1.2 ms TCLKH Clock high time 20 — 1000 µs TCLKL Clock low time 20 — 1000 µs FCLK Clock frequency 500 — 25000 Hz TDS Data hold time — — 5 µs Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested. VDD VI G N D V O MCP100-450 Voltage Supervisor NC NC V DD MCLR NC NC NC VSS RF_IN S_CLK S_DAT NC 14X X X X X X X X VDD RF Receiver Microcontroller RST In-circuit Programming Probe Pads 10K HCS515 CLK DAT

DS40183D-page 24  2002 Microchip Technology Inc.

9.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION

9.1 Package Marking Information

Legend: XX...X Customer specific information* YY Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year) WW Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) NNN Alphanumeric traceability code Note: In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line thus limiting the number of available characters for customer specific information. * Standard OTP marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, and traceability code. For OTP marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check with your Microchip Sales Office. For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP price. XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX YYWWNNN 14-Lead PDIP (300 mil) Example 14-Lead SOIC 150 mil) Example XXXXXXXXXXXXXX 0025NNN XXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXX YYWWNNN XXXXXXXXXXXXXX 0025NNN HCS515 HCS515

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 25 HCS515 14-Lead Plastic Dual In-line (P) – 300 mil (PDIP) n D eB β E c A B L p α UNITS INCHES* MILLIMETERS Dimension Limits MIN NOM MAX MIN NOM MAX Number of Pins n 14 14 Pitch p .100 2.54 Base to Seating Plane A1 .015 0.38 Mold Draft Angle Top α 51 0 1 5 51 0 15 β 51 0 1 5 51 0 15 Mold Draft Angle Bottom * Controlling Parameter Notes: Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010” (0.254mm) per side. JEDEC Equivalent: MS-001 Drawing No. C04-005 § Significant Characteristic

DS40183D-page 26  2002 Microchip Technology Inc. 14-Lead Plastic Small Outline (SL) – Narrow, 150 mil (SOIC) Foot Angle φ 0 48 0 48 1512015120βMold Draft Angle Bottom 1512015120αMold Draft Angle Top 1.27.050pPitch 1414nNumber of Pins MAXNOMMINMAXNOMMINDimension Limits MILLIMETERSINCHES*UNITS D p nB E h L c β 45° φ α A2A * Controlling Parameter Notes: Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010” (0.254mm) per side. JEDEC Equivalent: MS-012 Drawing No. C04-065 § Significant Characteristic

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 27 HCS515 ON-LINE SUPPORT Microchip provides on-line support on the Microchip World Wide Web (WWW) site. The web site is used by Microchip as a means to make files and information easily available to customers. To view the site, the user must have access to the Internet and a web browser, such as Netscape ® or Microsoft® Explorer. Files are also available for FTP download from our FTP site. Connecting to the Microchip Internet Web Site The Microchip web site is available by using your favorite Internet browser to attach to: www.microchip.com The file transfer site is available by using an FTP ser- vice to connect to: ftp://ftp.microchip.com The web site and file transfer site provide a variety of services. Users may download files for the latest Development Tools, Data Sheets, Application Notes, User's Guides, Articles and Sample Programs. A vari- ety of Microchip specific business information is also available, including listings of Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory representatives. Other data available for consideration is:

• Latest Microchip Press Releases
• Technical Support Section with Frequently Asked Questions
• Design Tips
• Device Errata
• Job Postings
• Microchip Consultant Program Member Listing
• Links to other useful web sites related to Microchip Products
• Conferences for products, Development Systems, technical information and more
• Listing of seminars and events Systems Information and Upgrade Hot Line The Systems Information and Upgrade Line provides system users a listing of the latest versions of all of Microchip's development systems software products. Plus, this line provides information on how customers can receive any currently available upgrade kits.The Hot Line Numbers are: 1-800-755-2345 for U.S. and most of Canada, and 1-480-792-7302 for the rest of the world.

DS40183D-page 28  2002 Microchip Technology Inc. READER RESPONSE It is our intention to provide you with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip prod- uct. If you wish to provide your comments on organization, clarity, subject matter, and ways in which our documentation can better serve you, please FAX your comments to the Technical Publications Manager at (480) 792-7578. Please list the following information, and use this outline to provide us with your comments about this Data Sheet. To: Technical Publications Manager RE: Reader Response Total Pages Sent From: Name Company Address City / State / ZIP / Country Application (optional): Would you like a reply? Y N Device: Literature Number: Questions: DS40183DHCS515 1. What are the best features of this document? 2. How does this document meet your hardware and software development needs? 3. Do you find the organization of this data sheet easy to follow? If not, why? 4. What additions to the data sheet do you think would enhance the structure and subject? 5. What deletions from the data sheet could be made without affecting the overall usefulness? 6. Is there any incorrect or misleading information (what and where)? 7. How would you improve this document? 8. How would you improve our software, systems, and silicon products?

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D-page 29 HCS515 HCS515 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. Sales and Support Package: P = Plastic DIP (300 mil Body), 14-lead SL = Plastic SOIC (150 mil Body), 14-lead Temperature Blank = 0 °C to +70°C Range: I = –40°C to +85°C Device: HCS515 Code Hopping Decoder HCS515T Code Hopping Decoder (Tape and Reel) HCS515 — /P Data Sheets Products supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recom- mended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following: 1. Your local Microchip sales office 2. The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-7277 3. The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com) Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using. New Customer Notification System Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products.

DS40183D-page 30  2002 Microchip Technology Inc. NOTES:

 2002 Microchip Technology Inc. DS40183D - page 31 Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical com- ponents in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are con- veyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, FilterLab, KEE LOQ , MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICMASTER, PICSTART, PRO MATE, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. dsPIC, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, microID, microPort, Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM, MXDEV, PICC, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, rfPIC, Select Mode and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Serialized Quick Turn Programming (SQTP) is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2002, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. Microchip received QS-9000 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona in July 1999. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are QS-9000 compliant for its PICmicro® 8-bit MCUs, KEE LOQ ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs and microperipheral products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001 certified. Microchip’s Secure Data Products are covered by some or all of the following patents:

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