FETA2500BA-36

FETA2500BA-36 INFINEON | Alldatasheet

Document overview

• Manufacturer or author: Provided By alldatasheet.com(free datasheet download site)
• PDF pages: 38

Technical content

Features

 Multi-mode PFC  Configurable PFC gate driver  Synchronous PFC and LLC burst mode control  Configurable non-linear LLC VCO curve  Configurable soft-start  VAC input voltage sensing and X cap discharge via HV pin

Applications

 LCD-TV 75W ~ 300W  Generarl SMPS Figure 1 Typical Application Product Type Package Marking IDP2308 PG-DSO-14 DP2308 HSGND HSVCC HSGD GD1 CS1 IDP2308 GD0 VCC GNDHV VAC ZCD VS CS0 Configuration HBFB Vout_2 MFIO Vout_1 STANDBYGD0 GD1

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 2 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 3 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 4 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

1 Pin Configuration and Description

The pin configuration is shown in Figure 2 and Table 1. The Pin functions are described below. Figure 2 Pin Configuration Table 1 Pin Definitions and Functions Symbol Pin Type Function GD0 (PFCGD)

1 O Gate Driver Output 0 (PFC Gate Driver)

Output for directly driving the PFC PowerMOS. The default peak source current capability is 156 mA and the peak sink current capability is 800 mA. CS0 (PFCCS)

2 I Current Sense 0 (PFC Current Sense)

Pin CS0 is connected to an external shunt resistor and the source of the PFC PowerMOS. VCC 3 P Positive Voltage Supply IC power supply GND 4 G Ground IC ground ZCD 5 I Zero Crossing Detection Pin ZCD is connected to the auxiliary winding of the PFC choke. VS 6 I Voltage Sensing Pin VS is connected to a high ohmic resistor divider for directly sensing the bus voltage. HV 8 I High Voltage Input Pin HV is connected to the AC input via an external resistor and 2 diodes. There is a 600 V HV startup-cell internally connected that is used for initial VCC charge. It is also used to discharge the x-capacitors of the EMI network. Furthermore sampled high voltage sensing is supported for brownin/brownout detection. MFIO 9 I MFIO Pin MFIO provides a half duplex UART communication IO interface for parameter configuration. It also can be used for PFC output redundant over voltage protection. In that case it is recommended to use a BSS127 transistor as shown in Figure 1 and the described in section 3.4.3.4. HBFB 10 I Half Bridge Feedback Pin HBFB is connected to an optocoupler for the feedback path to control the LLC switching frequency. HSGND GD0 HSVCC VCC HSGD GND HBFB ZCD CS1 GD1 HV 9 MFIO VS CS0 IDP2308 PG-DSO-14 (150mil)

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 5 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Symbol Pin Type Function CS1 (HBCS)

11 I Current Sense 1 (Hallf Bridge current Sense)

Pin CS1 is connected to an external shunt resistor and the source of the PowerMOS in the half-bridge stage. GD1 (LSGD)

12 O Gate Driver Output 1 (Half Bridge Low Side Gate Driver)

Output for directly driving the lowside PowerMOS in the half-bridge. The peak source current capability is 120 mA and the peak sink current capability is 500 mA. HSGND 14 G High side Ground Ground for floating high side driver HSVCC 15 P High side VCC Power supply of the high side floating driver, supplied via bootstrap HSGD 16 O High side floating Gate Driver Output for directly driving the high side PowerMOS in the half-bridge. The peak source current capability is 0.52 A and the peak sink current capability is 1.3 A. Refer to item 4.4.9 for more details.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 6 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

2 Representative Blockdiagram

A simplified functional block diagram is given in Figure 3 . Note that this figure only represents the principle functionality. IDP2308 digital combo-PFC & LLC controller consists of an Infineon 66MHz (fMCLK) NanoDSP processor to actualize both the power factor correction (PFC) and a half-bridge resonant function. The PFC and LLC controllers function with their configured parameter to optimize the performance. The current sense, zero -crossing and voltag e sense provide the controller as well as the processor inputs for its control. Figure 3 Representative Blockdiagram Memory HSGD HSVCC HSGND GD1 VCC GD0 GND HV ZCD CS0 MFIO Block Clock OscillatorsVS PFC Driver MFIO HBFB CS1 LLC Driver Input power supply Current Sense Current Sense Block Parameter Processor Zero Crossing input OTP RAM Voltage sense DEPLG DEPLS Depletion Transistor 1.5V digital domains 3.3V analog/digital domains Timers Internal Diode Pin Gate driver Ground reference Regulator reference HV Startup cell ROM RHBFB_PU

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 7 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3 Functional Description

The functional description gives an overview about the integrated functions and features and their relationship. The mentioned parameters and equations are based on typical values at TA = 25°C. The correlated minimum and maximum values are shown in the electrical characteristics in Chapter 4. This chapter contains following main descriptions:  Introduction (Chapter 3.1)  Overview Controller Features (Chapter 3.2)  General control features (Chapter 3.3)  PFC Controller (Chapter 3.4)  Half-bridge LLC Controller (Chapter 3.5)  Operation Flow (Chapter 3.6)  Overview Protection Features (Chapter 3.7)  Fixed and configurable parameters (Chapter 3.8)

3.1 Introduction

The IDP2308 is a digital Combo-LLC controller to support application topologies with a multi-mode PFC and half- bridge LLC stage. The IC consists of a smart digital core that provides advanced algorithms for mult i-mode operation and a variety of protection features. A high degree of forward integration is realized by implementing a floating HV gate driver and a HV startup cell in a slim PG -DSO-14 package. Multifunctional pins ensure a very low component count in the application. General controller features are summarized in Table 2. The IC supports highest design -in flexibility in the application by means of an advanced set of configurable parameters. The configuration can be done via a half duplex UART interface at pin MFIO.

3.2 Overview Controller Features

 General Controller Features (Table 2)  PFC Controller Features (Table 5)  LLC Controller Features (Table 6)

3.3 Overview Controller Features

This chapter provides an overview of functional blocks for Figure 3. The general control features are Table 2 General Controller Features System and Devices overview Chapter 3.3.1 IC Power System and High Voltage Startup Cell Chapter 3.3.2 Direct AC input monitoring combined with VCC startup function Chapter 3.3.2.1 X-cap discharge function via the integrated HV startup-cell Chapter 3.3.2.2 Standby Mode with synchronous PFC-LLC burst operation Chapter 3.3.3 IC protection Chapter 3.3.4 Auto restart mode Chapter 3.3.4.4 AC detection Chapter 3.3.5

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 8 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.3.1 System and Device overview

The device is dominantly used in an AC/DC application with a working scenario as illustrated below. The device on powering-up enters start-up and soft-start stage. Once the voltage at the primary side and secondary side of the transformer stabilizes, depending on the load condition, the d evice operates in extremely light load or normal operation. In extremely light load condition, the device operates in burst, meaning the gate drivers are driven at a lower frequency ranges and switching on periodically only to maintain the supply voltage and the VCC of the device. In normal operating condition, the device actively switches its gate driver to regulate the voltage and current supplies to the load. In Figure 4, when overcurrent protection mechanism is triggered, the device shall shut down i ts LLC and PFC controller and enter a restart of the system and attempt to re-power the system. There are many protection and shut-down scenario. For further detail, please refer to Chapter 3.7. Figure 4 IDP2308 Operation Overview

3.3.1.1 Processor and memory operations

This chapter describes the IC power processor function and its operation. On powering up, the device’s processor initializes and loads its configuration from its one -time-programmable memory and configures the device to its application needs. The timer for the scheduler is programmed and the processor run within a scheduler timing function to conti nuous monitor for any protection event as well as optimize the parameter for the PFC and LLC controllers. The processor runs in an active scheduler mode when the PFC and the LLC controller are running and runs in the following mode in specific condition of the system.  HV-startup: System “cold start” with VCC startup via the integrated HV startup cell.  Standby: System operates in synchronous PFC-LLC burst operation to keep output voltage regulated and yet maintain very low system power consumption Start up LLC soft start LLC current IC Vcc Vout LLC gate PFC gate HBFB OCP1, OCP2 or OLP triggered Normal Operation Autorestart protection Bus OVP1 or OVP2 triggered PFC Bus AC turn off POWER_on Normal Operation Normal Operation PFC current PFC OCP PFC UVP IC reset PFC soft start Burst mode/ standby mode Burst off Burst on

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 9 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13  Auto-restart: A protection mode that stops all PFC and LLC switching operations, puts the IC into a suitable sleep mode, and initiates a new startup after a configurable break time1. Figure 5 Overview of Processor operations The processor runs its program from its Read Only Memory (ROM) with random access memory (RAM) as main data space for computation and control-flow state records during operation. The processor monitors and processes the analog -to-digital (ADC) data. The processed data is provided to control the power -factor-correction (PFC) and Resonant LLC converter. The processor also monitors the input line (AC), its own monitoring lines as well as the output load feedback voltage for protection condition and mitigates according to the conditions with the protection function. All the information are registered and interrupts are triggered when interrupt event occurs. 1 Please refer to Chapter 4.7 for more detail about the protection mechanisms. Begin HV Startup Processor initialised Parameter loading Scheduler/timers Protection CheckPFC controlLLC control Clocks and Timer configuration Register/ status System shut off Vcc_on threshold reached Procesoor flow Register inter-links Interrupts Block function Communication Watchdog check Auto_restart Enter/Exit Standby

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 10 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.3.1.2 Communication interface

The communication to external host is via the MFIO pin and is handled by the processor in firmware. A half-duplex UART communication data between the host and the device is transferred through internal UART.

3.3.1.3 Voltage and current sensors

IDP2308 sensing nodes are multiplexed to an analog-to-digital (ADC) module to allow the device to monitor the system behavior and its internal behavior. The voltage and current sensors are multiplexed to the ADC as well. Each of the sensing node samples its voltage or current and the sampling is multiplexed onto the ADC where the digital read-out is measured. Figure 6 Voltage and current sensing multiplexing to ADC Figure 6 shows the sensing paths that are multiplexed to the ADC. The ADC sensing is time -multiplexed to the sensing nodes and is managed internally by the processor. Timers are used to enable and disable the sample and hold circuit in the current sense block. Within each of the sensing block, there are sub -sensing nodes that allow VCC GD0 GND HV ZCD CS0 VS MFIO HBFB CS1 Input power supply Block Parameter Voltage sense DEPLG DEPLS Depletion Transistor 1.5V digital domains 3.3V analog/digital domains Internal Diode Pin Gate driver Ground reference HV Startup cell Current sense Mux A D C R e g i s t e r s Sel Temperature Processor Memory OTP RAM HSGD HSVCC HSGND GD1 Timers Clock Oscillators ROM

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 11 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.3.2 IC Power Supply and High Voltage Startup Cell

This chapter describes the IC power supply approach and the functions correlated with the high voltage startup cell for Figure 1. The functions supported by the high voltage startup cell are  Direct AC input monitoring combined with VCC startup function (Chapter 3.3.2.1)  X-cap discharge function via the integrated HV startup-cell (3.3.2.2) IDP2308 contains four power supply pins VCC, GND, HSVCC and HSGND. The VCC is the main low voltage supply input at the IC. All the internal circuits except the integrated floating driver are connected to pin VCC and pin GND, which is the common ground. A capacitor needs to be placed directly at the pins VCC and GND to provide a proper buffering of the IC power supply voltage. The pins HSVCC and HSGND are the power supply pins for the integrated floating high side driver. The high side driver is supplied by an external bootstrap buffer capacitor that also needs to be connected close to pins HSVCC and HSGND. The external bootstrap capacitor is charged via an external bootstrap diode and resistor which are connected in serial to the VCC supply.

3.3.2.1 Direct AC input monitoring combined with VCC startup function

There are two main functions supported at pin HV, with the connection of the AC input voltage via a resistor, RHV (51kΩ) and two diodes (See Figure 8). The integrated HV startup-cell is switched on during the VCC sta rtup phase, when the IC is inactive. A current is flowing from pin HV to pin VCC via an internal diode, which charges the capacitor at pin VCC. This current is limited by the RHV and the RDS(on) of the HV startup-cell. Once the voltage at pin VCC exceeds the VCC on- threshold, the active operating phase is entered. Figure 7 VCC voltage illustration of Direct AC input powering up behavior Within the device, a direct AC input monitoring is supported by a resistive sense that is switched on periodically by an intern al timer. The timer switches on the HV startup cell and the switch T2 for a very short time after a defined period. During this short on-time, the voltage across RSH is sensed to estimate the HV voltage (See Figure 8). VCC Voltage UVLO Threshold Device behaviour Power generation via auxiliary winding status and supplies the device Device on VCC supply by LLC Auxiliary Time VCC_ON threshold Depletion gate offDepletion gate on Device off VCC supply by Dep_SW I(HV) Time tRDY

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 12 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Figure 8 High voltage sensing at pin HV

3.3.2.2 X-cap discharge function via the integrated HV startup-cell

Safety standard requires X -caps to be discharged within one second once the switching mode power supply is disconnected from the AC line. The AC waveform is closely monitored by the HV pin through external resistor R HV (51 kΩ). An AC detection algorithm checks if there is an alternating voltage at the converter input. This function works reliably for input voltages as specified in Table 3. As soon as the voltage stops alternating an AC unplug event is detected and input capacitors (XCAPs) are getting discharged via the depletion cell of IDP2303B between pins HV and GND. AC unplug detection time is typically within a few hundred Milliseconds and maximum 800 ms. The maximum discharge time constant for the maximum XCAP capacitance value of 2µF (see Table 4) is then appr. 104 ms (with RHV = 51kΩ and the IC internal resistance of about 1k Ω). Therefore the XCAPs are safely discharged within 1s to ES1 or SELV limits according to IEC62368 and IEC60950. The X-caps are then discharged to fulfil the safety standard. The discharging current is determined by the external resistor RHV (51 kΩ) and RBLD (see Figure 8). The X-cap discharge function is a configurable parameter. + tHVBODBlank Brownin/ BrownOut Protection VHVBID VHVBOD Brownout / Brown-in Detection AC Disconnect Detection X-cap Discharge Activation X-Cap Discharge Function Sampling control for Vin measurement Depletion-Cell Driver HVVCC Closed / Open CVCC Vbulk VAC RHV HV Startup-cell RSH Equivalent circuit diagram of firmware implementation RBLD

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 13 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Table 3 Input voltage ratings for reliable AC detection Parameters Min. Max. Unit Remarks Input voltage 90 264 VAC Frequency Range 1 47 53 Hz Range 2 57 63 Hz Table 4 XCAP discharge component ratings Parameters Min. Max. Unit Remarks Total capacitance of all XCAPs 0.1 2 µF Total discharge resistance from AC voltage to HV pin 51 60 kΩ Default RHV 51 kΩ

3.3.3 Standby Mode with synchronous PFC-LLC burst operation

For IDP2308, a “STANDBY” signal from the application will trigger the start to enter standby mode. The “STANDBY” signal will cause a change in resistor divider ratio such that the rated output voltage is regulated at lower voltage in standby mode. If VHBFB is less than V_burst_enter for a blanking time of t_blk_burst, both PFC and LLC will stop switching immediately. The IC is put into power saving mode. The controller enters into burst pause phase of standby mode. During the standby mode, the HBFB pin is monit ored to control the burst mode operation. When the HBFB voltage rises up and reaches the burst on threshold V_burst_on, or VCC drops below VVCC_burst_off, the device will wake up and start burst mode operation. LLC burst on time t_burst_on_max is constant and configurable with soft-start and soft-stop. After LLC completes one full busrt on switching, the device will stop switching and enters sleep mode to save the power consumption. The LLC busrt frequency f_sw_busrt and t_burst_on_max are optimized at typical standby power load in order to achieve lowest input power and output ripple. Meanwhile, under ultra light load condition, e.g. no load condition, LLC will increase burst frequency adaptively according burst off time. In the end, b urst frequency is stabilized so as to regulate busrt off time around maximum burst off time t_burst_off_max. By setting proper t_burst_off_max, LLC can deliver right-fit energy adaptively to different load and avoid deep saturation of feedback loop, which is able to reduce output ripple, minimize power consumption at secondary feedback path and perform excellent dynamic load response. When heavy load comes, the HBFB voltage will rise up and hit the leaving burst mode threshold V _burst_exit. Then the device will leave burst mode operation. Another leaving burst mode condition is when the burst off time reaches the minimum burst off time limit t_burst_off_min.

3.3.4 IC protection

3.3.4.1 Undervoltage lockout for VCC

There is an undervoltage lockout unit (UVLO) implemented, that ensures a defined enabling and disabling of the IC operation depending on the supply voltage at pin VCC. The UVLO contains a hysteresis with the voltage thresholds VVCCon for enabling the IC and VVCCoff for disabling the IC.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 14 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.3.4.2 Overvoltage protection for VCC

Overvoltage protection at VCC is triggered when VVCC exceeds a threshold of V_VCCOVP for a blanking time of t_VCCOVP. The system enters into auto restart mode then.

3.3.4.3 Over temperature protection

When the internal temperature exceeds the over temperature protection level T_OTP, the system enters into latch mode. System restarts operation after VCC recycle (VCC < VVCC_PD).

3.3.4.4 Auto Restart Mode

Once the auto restart mode is entered, the IC stops both PFC and LLC switching operations and enters sleep mode. During this auto restart off -phase the HV startup -cell is activated to maintain the VCC voltage. After the configurable auto restart breaktime t_AR the IC initiates a new start-up.

3.3.5 AC detection

This feature is used for detecting AC unplug con dition during standby mode and is implemented via a combination of built-in hardware and firmware. The figure below shows the configuration of the EMI filter and where input voltage is sensed through the HV pin. Figure 9 Circuit with AC detection with EMI filter During standby mode, low power consumption is the main challenge. IDP2308 makes use of the AC detection function to detect the AC unplug quicky and reliably. With the AC detection, it neither need s to sample the AC voltage too often nor need s to trigger the wakeup of the IC too often and hence it can maintain low standby power consumption. Having detected the AC unplugged, the X-cap discharge function would be triggered. In the AC detection function , IDP2308 would take AC samples after defined time intervals and based on proprietary algorithm it determines the decision of unplug condition.

3.4 PFC Controller

The PFC controller turns on and off the PFC gate driver so that a desired bus voltage is maintained while the AC input current is approximately proportional to the AC line voltage resulting in high power factor and low THD. A gate driver switching cycle has divided into three phases:  the on-time, ton, where the PFC MOSFET is turned on, and the PFC choke current increases  the freewheeling time, tf, where the PFC MOSFET is turned off, the choke current decreases and charges the PFC output capacitor via the freewheeling diode To HV pin RHV Vin Bridge diode and PFC

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 15 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13  the waiting time tw, which starts when the choke current decreased to zero and an oscillation is observed at the drain-source voltage of the switching MOSFET and the voltage at the auxiliary winding. Figure 10 PFC control at GD0 pin and Voltage and current sensing at VS and CS pins The following PFC functionality of the controller is described: Table 5 PFC Controller Features PFC Softstart Chapter 3.4.1 Multi-mode PFC control Chapter 3.4.2 PFC Protection Chapter 3.4.3 PFC Open Control Loop Protection (PFCOLP) Chapter 3.4.3.1 PFC Inductor Over Current Protection (PFCOCP) Chapter 3.4.3.2 PFC Output Over Voltage Protection (PFCOVP) Chapter 3.4.3.3 PFC Output Redundant Over Voltage Protection (PFCROVP) Chapter 3.4.3.4 PFC Output Under Voltage Protection (PFCUVP) Chapter 3.4.3.5 PFC Brownin Protection for AC Input Line (PFCBID) Chapter 3.4.3.6 PFC Brownout Protection for AC Input Line (PFCBOD) Chapter 3.4.3.7 PFC Long Time Continuous Conduction Mode Protection (PFCCCMP) Chapter 3.4.3.8

3.4.1 PFC Softstart

PFC softstart, a PI controller calculates the on -time as a function of the difference between the reference bus voltage and the actual PFC bus voltage. To compensate for the on-time and hence line dependency of the boost power stage, the output of the PI controller is multiplied with on-time. The PFC operates in fixed QR-1 operation with minimum on-time. With the minimum on -time multiplied to the output of the PI controller, it will form an exponential softstart ramp for on-time that limits the switching frequency and startup current. Once the desired PFC bus voltage is reached, it resumes to normal multimode PFC operation.

3.4.2 PFC Multi-mode operation

For PFC operating in critical conduction mode CrCM, the MOSFET is turned on with a constant on -time throughout the complete AC half cycle and the off -time is varying during the AC half cycle depending on the instantaneous input voltage applied. Thus, the switching frequency is varying within each AC half cycle with the lowest switching frequency at the peak of the AC input voltage and the highest switching frequency near the zero crossings of the input voltage. A new switching cycle starts immediately when the inductor current reaches zero. RVS2 RVS1 CVS1 VS Inside chip RCS CS0 GD0 Bus Voltage COUT VIN

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 16 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 CrCM is also equivalent to quasi -resonant switching at first inductor curren t valley or QR1 operation. The switching period of CrCM operation is given by 𝑇𝑠𝑤 = 𝑡𝑐𝑦𝑐 = 𝑡𝑜𝑛 + 𝑡𝑜𝑓𝑓 (1) CrCM is ideal for full load operation, where the constant on-time is large. However, the constant on-time reduces at light load, resulting in very high switching frequency particularly near the zero crossings of the input voltage. The high switching frequency will increase the switching losses, resulting in poor efficiency at light load. The new multimode PFC control algorithm implemented in IDP2308 can lower the switching frequency by adding an additional delay into each switching cycle through selecting further inductor current valleys to achieve QR2, QR3 and up to QR10 operation. In this way, the switching frequency is limited between a minimum and maximum value. The switching period of the multimode PFC operation, consisting of QR1 to QR10 operation and DCM, is given by 𝑇𝑠𝑤 = 𝑡𝑐𝑦𝑐 + 𝑡𝑤 (2) Figure 11 Current and timing in QR2 Operation Introduction of the delay helps to reduce switching frequency but it also distorts the input current waveform and thus affects the PFC THD performance. The multimode PFC control also consists of an algorithm that optimizes the applied on-time on a cycle by cycle basis so as to ensure good input current shaping and improve PFC THD performance. iS iL,ave ig/iL Tsw Tsw ton tcyc iL,pk QR2 iL,pk iL,sampled pkLi , QR1 ont t QR1 oscT toff tw VPFCZCD t t

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 17 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.4.3 PFC Protection

The PFC stage is protected against:  PFC Open Control Loop Protection (PFCOCLP) (Chapter 3.4.3.1)  PFC Inductor Over Current Protection (PFCOCP) (Chapter 3.4.3.2)  PFC Output Over Voltage Protection (PFCOVP) (Chapter 3.4.3.3)  PFC Output Redundant Over Voltage Protection (PFCROVP) (Chapter 3.4.3.4)  PFC Output Under Voltage Protection (PFCUVP) (Chapter 3.4.3.5)  PFC Brownin Protection for AC Input Line (PFCBID) (Chapter 3.4.3.6)  PFC Brownout Protection for AC Input Line (PFCBOD) (Chapter 3.4.3.7)  PFC Long Time Continuous Conduction Mode Protection (PFCCCMP) (Chapter 3.4.3.8)

3.4.3.1 PFC Open Control Loop Protection (PFCOCLP)

Open control loop is detected if the voltage value at pin VS is lower than the threshold V_OlpPFC. This may happen in case that the voltage sensing loop is highside open circuit or the input voltage is too low. If open loop is detected at the IC startup, both the PFC and the HB LLC controller do not start up . If this open loop condition is detected during system operation, the system enters into auto restart mode.

3.4.3.2 PFC Inductor Over Current Protection (PFCOCP)

In the converter system, the peak current through the MOSFET is monitored via the PFC shunt resistor RPCS to minimise stress for the MOSFET, the inductor LPFC and the diode DPFC. Once the voltage across the shunt resistor exceeds the over current threshold V _CS0ocpset, the MOSFET gate is turned off. Afterwards, the ZCD signal, or the PFC maximal period time-out signal, initializes the next switching cycle. This protection mechanism is active in every switching cycle.

3.4.3.3 PFC Output Over Voltage Protection (PFCOVP)

A two stage overvoltage protection scheme is implemented where a slower average measurement of the bus voltage shall trigger a shutdown of the PFC under OVP1 of a lower threshold by firmware, and a faster immediate measurement of the bus voltage shall also trigger a shutdown of the PFC under OVP2 by hardware. For OVP1, if the average sensed PFC bus voltage exceeds the threshold V_OvpSwSetPFC, the PFC will stop switching while the LLC continues to run. OVP2 is implemented by hardware. The threshold of this comparator is fixed at V _OvpHwSetPFC =2.8V. Once the sensed bus voltage exceeds this threshold for a configurable filter delay time, the PFC will stop switching while the LLC continues to run. Once the average sensed PFC bus voltage reduces and reaches the reference bus voltage V_RefPFC, the PFC converter resumes normal operation.

3.4.3.4 PFC Output Redundant Over Voltage Protection (PFCROVP)

For ROVP, if the PFC bus voltage exceeds V _ROVP_set, one ROVP count is recorded. The PFC will stop switching but the LLC continues to run. Once the average sen sed PFC bus voltage reduces and reaches the reference bus voltage V_ROVP_reset, the PFC converter resumes to normal operation. If another ROVP is recorded within t_ROVP (8s), it is recorded as 2 nd ROVP count. The PFC will stop switching again but the LLC c ontinues to run. However, the ROVP count will be reset to zero if a next ROVP event occurs after t _ROVP (8s). The t_ROVP (8s) starts counting when the last occurring ROVP event is triggered. Whenever the ROVP count accumulates to maximum ROVP count n_ROVP (10), the IC enters auto-restart mode. In normal operations, the ROVP acts similar to the behavior of OVP1. When either OVP1 at VS pin or ROVP at MFIO pin is triggered, the same behavior occurs. In event that the OVP1 resistor divider has faulty resistance level, if VS voltage is lower, the PFC bus voltage would increase. In this case, the ROVP triggers to protect the system. Since

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 18 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 the faulty resistance level remains unchanged, the ROVP will re -trigger again and again once the bus voltage drops to normal level when the switching is stopped and results in auto-restart mode. This feature is disabled by default, which is selectable in the configurable para meters. Since the MFIO pin is a multifunction pin, not dedicated for high impedance bus voltage sensing, it is recommended to use the proposed solution with BSS127 shown in Figure 1 to ensure almost lossless ROVP function, not effecting standby performance.

3.4.3.5 PFC Output Under Voltage Protection (PFCUVP)

The PFC undervoltage protection (UVP) is a protection for the LLC converter from entering capacitive operation range. Since UVP is detected by sensing the PFC bus voltage, it is placed under PFC protection fe atures. UVP is implemented by firmware. If the average sensed PFC bus voltage falls below a configurable UVP threshold V_UvpSetPFC for a blanking time of t_UvpBlkPFC, PFC undervoltage is detected. PFC and LLC will stop switching.

3.4.3.6 PFC Brownin Protection for AC Input Line (PFCBIP)

PFC brownin protection is implemented by firmware and it utilizes HV pin for AC input voltage sampling for better input voltage measurement. The desired brownin input voltage threshold is V_HVBID. If VACrms > V_HVBID, brown-in is detected and the system enters into startup.

3.4.3.7 PFC Brownout Protection for AC Input Line (PFCBOP)

The PFC brownout protection prevents the system from operating at very low input voltage that is out of the normal operating range. This helps to protect the syst em from high current stress or device failures at very low input voltage. PFC brownout protection is implemented by firmware and it utilizes HV pin for AC input voltage sampling for better input voltage measurement. The desired brownout input voltage threshold is V_HVBOD. If VAC,rms < V_HVBOD and after a blanking time of t_HVBODblank, brownout is detected. PFC will stop switching and LLC will continue switching.

3.4.3.8 PFC Long Time Continuous Conduction Mode Protection (PFCCCMP)

Continuous conduction mode (CCM) operation may occur during PFC startup for limited time duration. It is considered as a failure in the system only if CCM operation of the PFC converter is observed over a longer period of time. The PFC converter may run into CCM operation for a long er period due to shorted bypass diode, heavy load step that is out of specification or very low input voltage that is out of the normal operating range. When CCM occurs, the magnetizing current in the PFC choke does not have a chance to decay to zero before the MOSFET turns on. There will be no quasi -resonant oscillation observed at the ZCD signal before the maximum switching period time -out is reached that turns the MOSFET on. This turn -on event without ZCD oscillation is monitored to protect the PFC conve rter from continuous CCM operation. The long time CCM protection is implemented by firmware. At every sampling period, if the maximum switching period time-out occurs before any quasi-resonant oscillation is observed at the ZCD signal, the CCM time counter is increased by 1. If the PFC switching period is less than the time-out period, the CCM time counter is decreased by 1. Once the CCM time counter exceeds t_CcmpPFC, the system enters into auto restart mode. The long time CCM protection is active only if the PFC on -time is above the threshold t_OnMinPFC by 200ns.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 19 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.5 Half-bridge LLC Controller

Following LLC functionality is described: Table 6 Half-bridge LLC Controller Features LLC Softstart (Time Controlled Oscillator TCO) Chapter 3.5.1 LLC Normal Operation (Voltage Controlled Oscillator VCO) Chapter 3.5.2 LLC Smooth Transition of Frequency Control From TCO to VCO Chapter 3.5.3 LLC Half-bridge Protection Chapter 3.5.4 LLC Open Control Loop Protection (LLCOCLP) Chapter 3.5.4.1 LLC Over Load Protection (LLCOLP) Chapter 3.5.4.2 LLC Over Current Protection Level 1 (LLCOCP1) Chapter 3.5.4.3 LLC Over Current Protection Level 2 (LLCOCP2) Chapter 3.5.4.4

3.5.1 LLC Softstart (Time Controlled Oscillator TCO)

The half -bridge LLC controller enters softstart for every VCC power up and upon re covering from certain protection mode provided the bus voltage is in the proper range. In softstart, the switching frequency changes with the elapsing time (a time controlled oscillator - TCO), as shown in Figure 12. The switching frequency starts at a maximum value and decrease with a defined frequency step change at every 2ms. The initial frequency step change is larger and the frequency step change will gradually decrease at every 2ms until it reaches the minimum frequency step change value. Once the softstart switching frequency is close to the switching frequency output of the free -running voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), the external secondary side LLC bus voltage controller and VCO will take over the regulation of the LLC output voltage. The LLC enters into normal operation. Figure 12 Frequency vs. Time of the TCO

3.5.2 LLC Normal Operation (Voltage Controlled Oscillator VCO)

During normal operation, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) generates the HB LLC converter switching frequency fHB based on the HB feedback voltage VHBFB. In this controller, the curve of the HB switching frequency fHB in response to the feedback voltage VHBFB is schematically shown as in Figure 13. The VCO switching period vs. feedback voltage inside this controller consists of three pieces of direct line with different slew rate. As shown in Figure 13, the line in area II (normal operation) has much lower slew rate than the area I ( Light Load) and III ( Heavy Load). Therefore, the VCO in the area II has a much better frequency resolution than in the area I and III. In this way, fine frequency resolution aroun d the nominal operating point f_MaxTCO fHB t Slope_TCO_init Slope_TCO_min

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 20 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 VNomHB is realized, while a wide operating frequency range can be covered with fast response to the load change in both heavy and light load is realized. Figure 13 Frequency vs. Feedback Voltage of the VCO The switching period curve is defined by following key points: feedback origin (0, T MinVCO), VCO light load (V_LLVCO, T_LLVCO), VCO nominal point (VNomVCO, TNomVCO), VCO heavy load (V_HLVCO, T_HLVCO) and feedback maximal point (V_MaxVCO, T_MaxVCO). In this controller, all values ar e calculated based on the VCO nominal frequency f _NomVCO and nominal feedback voltage V_NomVCO with certain factors, as: the minimal and maximal HB LLC switching frequency f_MinVCO and f_MaxVCO : 𝑓_𝑀𝑖𝑛𝑉𝐶𝑂 = 𝑘𝑓𝑀𝑖𝑛𝑉𝐶𝑂 . 𝑓_𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑉𝐶𝑂 (3) 𝑓_𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑉𝐶𝑂 = 𝑘𝑓𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑉𝐶𝑂 . 𝑓_𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑉𝐶𝑂 (4) the frequency at the corners: 𝑓_𝐻𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 = 𝑘𝑓𝐻𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 . 𝑓_𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑉𝐶𝑂 (5) 𝑓_𝐿𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 = 𝑘𝑓𝐿𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 . 𝑓_𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑉𝐶𝑂 (6) and the feedback voltages:. 𝑉_𝐻𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 = 𝑘𝑣𝐻𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 . 𝑉_𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑉𝐶𝑂 (7) 𝑉_𝐿𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 = 𝑘𝑣𝐿𝐿𝑉𝐶𝑂 . 𝑉_𝑁𝑜𝑚𝑉𝐶𝑂 (8) Once these points are defined, the switching period is calculated by a linear interpolation of the switching period to the feedback voltage, and the switching frequency curve over the whole feedback range is resulted, which is naturally non-linear function of the feedback voltage, as shown in Figure 13. THB TMaxVCO

0 VHBFB

f_MaxVCO fHB f_MinVCO f_NomVCO f_LLVCO TLLVCO TMinVCO TNomVCO f_HLVCO THLVCO I II III VHBFB V_NomVCO V_LLVCO V_HLVCO V_MaxVCO

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 21 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 For an optimal HB LLC operation, the frequency f _NomVCO should be set as the resonant frequency of the LLC resonant tank, while the respected feedback voltage V _NomVCO is taken at the middle of the regulation feedback range.

3.5.3 LLC Smooth Transition of Frequency Control from TCO to VCO

With built-in HB LLC softstart, the output voltage rises up smoothly and feedback voltage VHBFB is available once the output voltage reaches in the regulation range. During the startup, LLC leaves the softstart mode and enters normal operation mode if the switching frequency determined by the VCO is equal to or higher than the switching frequency determined by the TCO, then the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) takes over the frequency control.

3.5.4 LLC Half-bridge Protection

The LLC half-bridge is protected against:  LLC Open Control Loop Protection (LLCOCLP) (Chapter 3.5.4.1)  LLC Over Load Protection (LLCOLP) (Chapter 3.5.4.2)  LLC Over Current Protection 1 (LLCOCP1) (Chapter 3.5.4.3)  LLC Over Current Protection 2 (LLCOCP2) (Chapter 3.5.4.4) In this controller, the HB LLC converter is protected against HB open loop and over load (OLP), over current

3.5.4.1 LLC Open Control Loop Protection (LLCOCLP)

Open control loop may happen due to open circuit in opto-coupler either at the diode or at the transistor, open circuit in HB feedback pin or the broken connection of the IC pin to the opto-coupler transistor source terminal. In this case, the HB feedback VHBFB stays at high. After the end of the softstart, the averaged value of the feedback voltage VHBFB over time period of N _AccHB * t_SrHB is compared with the threshold V _OlpHB. If the measured value is higher than the threshold for time t_OlpHB, then the open loop protection is triggered and the whole system enters auto-restart mode. The system will be stopped and a time break t _AR follows. After this time break, the HB LLC converter restarts again with softstart. This is open loop protection.

3.5.4.2 LLC Over Load Protection (LLCOLP)

Over load at the HB LLC output during normal operation leads to rise of the feedback voltage V HBFB. Once the averaged value of the feedback voltage VHBFB over time period of N_AccHB * t_SrHB is high than the threshold V_OlpHB for time t_OlpHB, the over load protection is triggered and the HB controller, together with PFC, enters auto -restart mode. The HB LLC converter will be stopped and a time break t _AR follows. After this time break, the HB LLC converter restarts again with softstart.

3.5.4.3 LLC Over Current Protection Level 1 (LLCOCP1)

LLC OCP1 is implemented with hardware comparator and firmware handling and the condition is checked at every LLC switching. The voltage across the shunt resistor RHB at the low-side MOSFET is sensed via the CS1 pin. There are three different over current protection thresholds V _Ocp1_norm, V_Ocp1_burst and V_Ocp1_startup to cover various operation conditions. The threshold V_Ocp1_startup is applied during startup, the threshold V_Ocp1_burst is applied during leaving burst mode transition to avoid the OCP1 mis -triggered and the relatively lower threshold V _Ocp1_norm is applied during normal operation. If the voltage across the shunt resistor RHB at the low-side MOSFET exceeds the OCP1 threshold, OCP1 protection is triggered to increase the current switching frequency t at rate of t_Slope_after OCP1 to limit the power. The higher switching frequency results in reduced current flowing in the LLC tank and limits the output power transfer. If the sensed current falls below the OCP threshold, the LLC switching frequency starts to be reduced. At the point

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 22 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 where the calculated LLC switching frequency based on the HBFB signal is higher than the switching frequency as defined by the OCP1 protection, the LLC converter resumes control under VCO. If above scenario occurs continuously more than N _Ocp1_max times, then there will be a serious fault condition, IC will enter auto restart protection mode to protect the whole system. In the meantime, due to the limited power transfer during OCP1 protection, the open loop protection or overload protection could also be triggered to enter auto restart protection mode. Table 7 LLC Overcurrent protection 1 parameters 1 Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. LLC OCP1 detection during startup 2 VOcp1_startup - 550 - mV 1 3 LLC OCP1 detection during leaving burst mode 2 VOcp1_burst - 750 - mV 1 3 LLC OCP1 detection during normal operation mode 4 VOcp1_norm - 427.5 - mV Maximum overcurrent count for overcurrent protection to trigger NOcp1_max - 8 - - 1 This setting is application specific and is changed accordingly for application. Please check setting when application varies. 2 Voltage level triggered only during start up and burst mode. 3 Parameter is not tested in production test. 4 Applicable in normal operation only. Voltage level not triggered for soft-start and burst mode.

3.5.4.4 LLC Over Current Protection Level 2 (LLCOCP2)

LLC OCP2 could be triggered by a large primary side current through the shunt resistor. OCP2 is implemented by hardware via the OCP2 comparator. The status of OCP2 hardware can be read by firmware to detect if OCP2 event has occurred for subsequent action to be taken. If the voltage across the shunt resistor is higher than the threshold VOcp2, the system enters into auto restart mode.

3.6 Operation Flow

In this chapter the control flow of the IC are described. Operating flowchart is shown in Figure 14.  IC Initialization (Section 4.6.1)  Operation flow of the PFC Controller (Section 4.6.2)  Operation flow of the HB LLC Controller (Section 4.6.3)

3.6.1 IC Initialization

As mentioned previously, once the VCC is above the turn-on threshold, the IC is active. The IC enters initialization state immediately after the VCC is powered up. In the initialization state, the correct setup val ues are assigned to the control units and then both PFC and HB are enabled. Also refer to Figure 5 for scheduler.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 23 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Figure 14 General Operation Flow of the Controller

3.6.2 Operation Flow of the PFC Controller

If the PFC is disabled, there is no sensing of any PFC related signal and no switching of the PFC gate driver, the PFC MOSFET gate is actively pulled down to ground. Once the PFC is enabled, the bus voltage is checked against open loop. If no open loop is detected, the PFC begins its operation with softstart. Denote PFC/LLC is stopped. Restart when event is cleared. VCC UVLO from any state Rated bus voltage reached PFC open loop Long time CCM Long time CCM no PFC open loop IC reset Initialization yes PFC softstart PFC normal operation OVP1 OVP2 ROVP OCP HB startup bus voltage reached no yes LLC softstart LLC Normal operation Start VCCon reached yes no System Auto-restart Bus under voltage PFC open loop Enable Prot_Chk, PFC and LLC No failure No failure Leaving softstart PFC Auto- restart OCP1 OCP2 OCP1 HB over load/open loop OCP2 OVP1 OVP2 ROVP OCP Enable System Feature yes System Idle Brown Out No xCap Discharge Check Brown In Yes System off VCC OVP no Check Brown Out Check AC Unplug Check pin Open/Short no no yes yes Check OTP yes no no Scheduler Return scheduler Return scheduler Return scheduler Scheduler to PFC Scheduler to LLC Scheduler to Prot_Chk End VCC power on HB over load/open loop

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 24 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 During PFC softstart, the PFC starts its operation according to the sensed signals at ZCD, CS0, and VS. The voltage control loop (PI regulator) is kept fast enough and the integrator of the PI regulator growth is limited to avoid output voltage overshoot. As soon as the bus voltage is getting close to the rated value, the PFC enters normal operation state where it is regulated to improve the power factor.The bus voltage is regulated to its rated value. From the PFC protections, OCP does not cause any break of the PFC converter operation but OVP1 and OVP2 will cause a short break of the PFC operation. After the bus voltage comes back to the rated value, the PFC resumes its operation immediately. In case of long time CCM operation, the PFC enters auto-restart state. After the auto- restart time break, the PFC restarts with softstart.

3.6.3 Operation Flow of the Halfbridge LLC Controller

If the HB LLC is disabled, there is no sensing of any HB LLC converter related signal and no switching of the high and low side gate driver. The MOSFET gates are actively pulled down to ground. Once the HB LLC is enabled, the controller checks the bus voltage against the HB startup bus voltage VHBstrt. After the HB startup voltage at the PFC bus is reached, the HB LLC controller enters softstart state. In this state, the HB LLC converter switching frequency is controlled by TCO and decreases with time. The output will be built up and feedback signal should be available within the softstart time, tss_max. Once the feedback voltage reaches a certain value that the frequency determined by VCO is equal to current frequency determined by the TCO, the controller enters normal operation state, feedback signal is then used for the output regulation by the VCO. Some failures may stop the HB operation and lead the controller back to valid bus voltage check, i.e. by bus under voltage, or the softstart state after the HB auto -restart time break, i.e. by open loop or over load. In case of the over current protection 2 (OCP2), the HB LLC converter enters system auto-restart mode. A comprehensive set of protection is integrated inside this controller for PFC and HB LLC converter. Some of them have just influence on the PFC or HB LLC only while some have influence on the other part of the controller. This information is summarized as in the Table 8 and Table 9. Table 8 PFC Protections If Enabled Protection Effect on PFC converter Effect on HB converter Bus over voltage protection 1 VVS > V_OvpSwSetPFC: blocks gate signal; VVS < V_RefPFC: releases gate signal no influence Bus over voltage protection 2 VVS > V_OvpHwSetPFC: blocks gate signal VVS < V_RefPFC: releases gate signal no influence Bus under voltage VVS < V_UvpSetPFC: stops operation VVS < V UvpSetPFC : LLC continu es switching VS open loop protection VVS < V_OlpPFC for : no startup of PFC no start up PFC over current protection VCS0 > V_CS0ocpSet for t _OcpLebPFC: stop s gate immediately; next gate turn-on triggered by ZCD or t_maxPFC no effect PFC minimal on-time PFC on time from regulator t on < t _OnMinPFC : blocks PFC gate signal; ton > t_OnMinPFC: releases PFC gate signal no effect PFC maximal on-time ton > t_OnMaxPFC : ton= tOnMaxPFC no effect PFC Brownin VACrms > V_HVBID: Enters startup no effect PFC Brownout VACrms < V_HVBOD: After a blanking time of t_HVBODblank, stops PFC operation LLC continues switching PFC long time CCM protection CCM operation for longer than t_CcmpPFC : system Auto-restart

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 25 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Table 9 LLC Protections If Enabled Protection Effect on PFC converter Effect on HB converter HB over current protection 1 VCS1 > V_OCP1 for N_Ocp1_max : system Auto-restart HB over current protection 2 VCS1 > V_OCP2 : system Auto-restart HB open control loop protection VHBFB > V_OlpHB for t_OlpHB: system Auto-restart HB over load protection

3.7 Overview Protection Features

The following table provides an overview about the complete protection feature set. The corresponding default actions are listed for the cases where a protection feature is triggered. If the application requires different behavior for the items in the table 8, please contact Infineon representatives. Table 10 Overview Protection Features Protection Fatures Symbol Default Action Description Undervoltage Lockout for VCC ULVO PFC and LLC stop switching Chapter 3.7.1 Overvoltage Protection for VCC VCCOVP Auto restart Chapter 3.7.2 Overtemperature Protection by means of internal Temperature Detection OTP Latch Chapter 3.7.3 PFC Open Control Loop Protection PFCOCLP Auto restart Chapter 3.4.3.1 PFC Inductor Over Current Protection PFCOCP PFC turns off switch immediately Chapter 3.4.3.2 PFC Output Over Voltage Protection PFCOVP PFC stops switching Chapter 3.4.3.3 PFC Output Redundtant Over Voltage Protection PFCROVP Auto restart Chapter 3.4.3.4 PFC Output Under Voltage Protection PFCUVP PFC stops switching while LLC continues switching Chapter 3.4.3.5 PFC Brownin Protection for AC Input Line (PFCBIP) PFCBIP IC starts switching operation after threshold exceeded Chapter 3.4.3.6 PFC Brownout Protection for AC Input Line PFCBOP PFC stops switching while LLC continues switching Chapter 3.4.3.7 PFC Long Time Continuous Conductio n Mode Protection PFCCMP Auto restart Chapter 3.4.3.8 LLC Open Control Loop Protection LLCOCLP Auto restart Chapter 3.5.4.1 LLC Over Load Protection LLCOLP Auto restart Chapter 3.5.4.2 LLC Over Current Protection 1 LLCOCP1 Frequency increases Chapter 3.5.4.3 LLC Over Current Protection 2 LLCOCP2 Auto restart Chapter 3.5.4.4

3.7.1 Undervoltage Lockout for VCC

There is an undervoltage lockout unit (UVLO) implemented, that ensures a defined enabling and disabling of the IC operation depending on the supply voltage at pin VCC. The UVLO contains a hysteresis with the voltage thresholds VVCCon for enabling the IC and VVCCoff for disabling the IC. Once the mains input voltage is applied, a current is flowing through an external resistor into pin HV via the integrated diode to pin VCC. The IC is enabled once VCC exceeds the threshold VVCCon and enters normal operation if no fault condition is detected. In this phase V VCC will drop until the self supply via the auxiliary winding takes

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 26 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 over the supply at pin VCC. The self supply via the auxiliary winding must be therefore in place before V VCC undershoots the VVCCoff threshold.

3.7.2 Overvoltage Protection for VCC

There is an over voltage detection at pin VCC implemented. The detection function consists of a threshold V_VCCOVP and a blanking time of t_VCCOVP. The IC is disabled once the overvoltage protection is triggered at pin VCC.

3.7.3 Overtemperature Protection by means of internal Temperature Detection

There is an over temperature protection implemented, that initiates a thermal shutdown once the internal temperature level T_OTP is exceeded. Subsequently system enters latch mode, and only VCC recycle can restart the system.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 27 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.8 Fixed and Configurable Parameters

In this chapter all the fixed and configurable parameters are shown. The list of parameters shown in the following tables is default value and has been verified in a reference design system.

3.8.1 Fixed Parameters

The below parameters are fixed and cannot be changed. Table 11 General Parameters Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Pin Fixed Value Unit V_VCCOVP VCC OVP VCC 23.5 V t_HVBODBlank AC brownout blanking time - 120 ms T_OTP IC OTP - 125 °C Table 12 PFC Parameters Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Pin Fixed Value Unit V_OlpPFC PFC open loop VS 0.39 V V_startup PFC startup voltage VS 0.59 V V_RefPFC PFC control_normal VS 2.45 V t_ZCDfilter PFC ZCD filter time ZCD 160 ns t_ringsup PFC Ringing suppression time ZCD 400 ns n_valley_min Minimum PFC valley number for multimode operation - 1 - n_valley_max Maximum PFC valley number for multimode operation - 10 - t_CcmpPFC PFC Blanking time for CCM protection - 60 ms t_maxPFC PFC max switching periodtosc - 40 µs t_OcpLebPFC Blanking time for PFC OCP CS0 0 s Table 13 LLC Parameters Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Pin Fixed Value Unit Step_LLC_VCO_decrease LLC VCO frequency decrement step HBFB 3 1/ fMCLK Step_LLC_VCO_increase LLC VCO frequency increment step HBFB 20 1/ fMCLK t_Ocp1_leb LLC LEB of OCP1 CS1 0.4 µs t_Ocp2_filter LLC noise blanking CS1 OCP2 CS1 110 ns Slope_after OCP1 LLC softstart slope after OCP1 event CS1 80 ns/32µs V_burst_on LLC HBFB voltage burst on in burst mode HBFB 1.65 V t_Ocp1_blk_Leave_burst LLC OCP1 blanking time during burst mode to normal mode transition CS1 200 ms t_ss_max LLC max. soft start duration - 131 ms

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 28 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

3.8.2 Configurable Parameters

Table 14 The below parameters are defined and can be configured.General Parameters Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Pin Default Range Unit V_HVBID 1 AC brownin HV 70 1 ~ 255 Vac V_HVBOD 1 AC brownout HV 60 1 ~ 255 Vac t_AR Auto restart break time - 2 0.01~2.08 s t_VCCOVP VCC OVP blanking time - 9 1~17 ms

1 AC brownin/brownout is based on RHV 51kΩ

Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Pin Default Range Unit V_GD0H 1 PFC GD0 drive voltage GD0 10.5 4.5 ~ 15 V I_GD0H 1 PFC GD0 drive current GD0 0.156 0.087 ~ 0.36 A V_UvpSetPFC PFC bus under voltage VS 1.77 0.1 ~ 2.3 V V_RefPFC_burst PFC control_burst VS 2.2 0.1 ~ 2.3 V V_HBstrt LLC enter soft start VS 2.05 0.1 ~ 2.3 V t_UvpBlkPFC PFC blanking time for bus under voltage VS 3 0.128 ~ 8388 ms t_ovc PFC over voltage comparator filter time VS 10000 0 ~ 31500 ns V_OvpSwSetPFC PFC bus over voltage VS 2.572 2 ~ 2.8 V V_OvpSwClearPFC PFC bus over voltage clear VS 2.45 2 ~ 2.8 V V_CS0ocpSet 2 PFC over current CS0 0.6 0.05 ~ 1.15 V f_sw_max_pfc PFC max switching frequency - 120 1 ~ 300 kHz f_sw_min_pfc PFC min switching frequency - 60 1 ~ 300 kHz svp_startup PFC PIT1 P-coe during startup - 4 0 ~ 7 - Svp PFC PIT1 P-coe - 6 0 ~ 7 - Svi PFC PIT1 I-coe - 7 0 ~ 7 - Svt PFC PIT1 T-coe - 4 0 ~ 7 - t_OnMinPFC PFC min on time - 0.1 0.016 ~ 63.98 µs t_OnMaxPFC PFC max on time - 20 0.016 ~ 63.98 µs 1 Refer to 5.4.6 for limits 2 Refer to 5.4.4 for limits Table 16 LLC Parameters Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Pin Default Range Unit V_GD1H 1 LLC GD1 drive voltage GD1 10.5 4.5 ~ 15 V I_GD1H 1 LLC GD1 drive current GD1 0.12 0.026 ~ 0.12 A V_Ocp1_norm 1 LLC OCP1 during steady state CS1 0.4275 0.05 ~ 1.15 V V_Ocp1_start 1 LLC OCP1 during softstart CS1 0.55 0.05 ~ 1.15 V V_Ocp1_burst 1 LLC OCP1 during burst mode CS1 0.75 0.05 ~ 1.15 V N_Ocp1_max LLC max number of OCP1 events CS1 8 1 ~ 255 - f_Ocp1 LLC switching frequency during OCP1 CS1 200 100 ~ 600 kHz V_burst_enter LLC HBFB voltage when entering a burst mode HBFB 0.3 0.1 ~ 2.3 V V_burst_exit LLC HBFB voltage when exiting burst mode HBFB 2.05 0.1 ~ 2.3 V

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 29 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Parameter Symbol Parameter Description Pin Default Range Unit V_OlpHB LLC open-loop / overload protection HBFB 2 0.1 ~ 2.3 V V_HLVCO LLC VCO heavy load voltage HBFB 2 0.1 ~ 2.3 V V_LLVCO LLC VCO light load voltage HBFB 0.45 0.1 ~ 2.3 V f_MaxVCO LLC VCO max frequency - 250 1 ~ 300 kHz f_LLVCO LLC VCO light load frequency - 140 1 ~ 300 kHz f_NomVCO LLC nominal operating frequency - 100 1 ~ 300 kHz f_HLVCO LLC VCO heavy load frequency - 85 1 ~ 300 kHz f_MinVCO LLC VCO minimal frequency - 82 1 ~ 300 kHz f_sw_burst_start LLC starting frequency in burst mode - 200 80 ~ 300 kHz f_sw_burst_stop LLC ending frequency in burst mode - 200 80 ~ 300 kHz f_sw_burst LLC switching frequency during burst mode - 130 50 ~ 200 kHz f_MaxTCO LLC max. soft start frequency - 270 100 ~ 300 kHz t_Ocp1_blk_startup LLC OCP1 blanking time from startup threshold to low threshold during startup - 200 0.032 ~ 2097 ms t_Ocp1_release LLC releasing OCP1 lapse time CS1 100 0.032 ~ 2097 ms t_Ocp1_filter LLC blanking filter time CS1 OCP1 CS1 0 0 ~ 984 ns t_blk_Ocp2 LLC blanking time for OCP2 CS1 0 0 ~ 984 ns t_dead_llc LLC dead time - 0.5 0.0157 ~ 0.984 µs t_OlpHB LLC blanking time before open- loop / overload protection - 100 0.032 ~ 2097 ms t_blk_burst Blanking time to enter burst mode - 20 0.032 ~ 2097 ms t_burst_off_min Minimum burst off time 0.1 0.08 ~ 20.4 ms Slope_TCO_init LLC initial slope during soft start - 0.85 0.0157 ~ 3.984 µs /128 µs Slope_TCO_min LLC min slope during soft start - 0.36 0.0157 ~ 3.984 µs /128 µs N_burst_sstart LLC soft start steps - 4 1 ~ 218 - N_burst_sstop LLC soft stop steps - 4 1 ~ 218 - T_burst_on_max LLC burst on time (excluding soft stop time) - 160 32 ~8160 us Slope_burst_leave LLC slope of soft start when leaving burst mode HBFB 0.32 0.0157 ~ 3.984 µs /128 µs THigh_limit Burst_off_time High limit of burst off time for adaptive minimum frequency during burst on - 120 20 ~ 200 ms 1 Refer to 5.4.6 for limits

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 30 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

4 Electrical Characteristics

All signals are measured with respect to ground pin GND, except the highside signals at pins HSVCC and HSGD, which are measured with respect to pin HSGND. The voltage levels are valid if other ratings are not violated.

4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings

Note : Stresses above the values listed above may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Maximum ratings are absolute ratings; exceeding only one of these values may cause irreversible damage to the integrated circuit.These values are not tested during production test. For the same reason make sure that any capacitors that will be connected to pins VCC and HSVCC are discharged before assembling the application circuit. Table 17 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameters Symbol Limit Values Unit Remarks Min. Max. Voltage externally supplied to pin VCC VVCCEXT - 0.5 26 V Voltage at pin GDx VGDx -0.5 VVCC + 0.3 V Junction temperature TJ - 40 125 °C Storage temperature TS - 55 150 °C Soldering temperature TSOLD — 260 °C Wave Soldering 1 Latch-up capability ILU — 150 °C 2 Pin voltages acc. to abs. max. ratings ESD capability HBM VHBM — 2000 V 3 ESD capability CDM VCDM — 500 V 4 Input Voltage Limit for pin MFIO, HBFB, VS, CS, ZCD VIN_DC - 0.5 3.6 V Maximum permanent clamping current for pin ZCD and CS –ICLN_DC — 2.5 mA RMS Maximum transient clamping current for pin ZCD and CS –ICLN_TR — 10 mA pulse < 500ns Maximum negative transient input voltage for ZCD –VIN_ZCD — 1.5 V pulse < 500ns Maximum negative transient input voltage for CS –VIN_CS — 3.0 V pulse < 500ns Maximum permanent positive clamping current for CS ICLP_DC — 2.5 mA RMS Maximum transient positive clamping current for CS ICLP_TR — 10 mA pulse < 500ns Maximum voltage at pin HV VHV - 0.3 600 V Maximum current at pin HV IHV — 10 mA Voltage at pins HSVCC, HSGD and HSGND VHSx -650 +650 V Isolation voltage, referred to IC GND

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 31 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 1 According to JESD22-A111 Rev A. 2 Latch-up capability according to JEDEC JESD78D, TA= 85°C. 3 ESD-HBM according to ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001. 4 ESD-CDM according to JESD22-C101F.

4.2 Package Characteristics

Table 18 Package Characteristics Parameters Symbol Limit Values Unit Remarks Min. Max. Thermal resistance RthJA — 119 K/W Creepage distance HV vs. GND-related pins. DCRHV 2.1 — mm Creepage distance HSGND vs. GND-related pins DCRHS 2.1 — mm

4.3 Operating Conditions

Parameters Symbol Limit Values Unit Remarks Min. Max. Junction Temperature TJ -40 125 °C Lower VCC limit VVCC VUVOFF — V device is held in reset when VVCC < VUVOFF Voltage externally supplied to VCC pin VVCCEXT — 24 V maximum voltage that can be applied to pin VCC by an external voltage source Gate driver pin voltage VGD -0.5 VVCC + 0.3 V

4.4 DC Electrical Characteristics

The electrical characteristics involve the spread of values given within the specified supply voltage and junction temperature range, TJ from -40 °C to +125 °C. Typical values represent the median values related to TA = 25 °C. All voltages refer to GND, and the assumed supply voltage is VVCC = 18 V, if not specified otherwise. Not all values given in the tables are tested during production test. The values not tested are explicitly marked.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 32 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

4.4.1 Power Supply Characteristics

Table 20 Electrical Characteristics of the Power Supply Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. VCC Turn_On threshold VVCCon 19 20.5 22 V dVCC/dt = 0.2 V/ms VCC active current in normal mode with open gates IVCCactive — 18 — mA VCC Turn_Off 1 threshold VVCCoff 7.12 7.5 7.88 V VCC Tun_Off 1 threshold in burst off mode 2 VVCCoff_burst_off 9.97 10.5 11.03 V VCC Tun_Off 1 threshold in burst off mode 2 VCC quiescent current in burst off mode 2, not include current drawn from HBFB pin 3 IVCC_burst_off — 0.6 1.4 mA Tj ≤ 85°C — — 3.3 mA Tj ≤ 125°C IC Power down threshold VVCC_PD 5.7 6 6.3 V VCC quiescent current in Power down mode IVCC_PD 5 20 40 µA VVCC < VVCC_PD(min) – 0.3V 1 VCC Turn_Off means IC is in UVLO mode and the startup cell is turned on. 2 Burst on and burst off mode are both in burst mode while the current consumption of the IC is same as in normal mode during b urst on mode and the processor is turned off in burst off mode (refer to Figure 4). 3 Total current in burst off mode = IVCC_burst_off + VHBFB_open/RHBFB_PU, refer to Figure 3 for internal connection of HBFB pin.

4.4.2 Characteristics of the MFIO Pin

Table 21 Electrical Characteristics of the MFIO Pin Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Output low voltage VOL — — 0.8 V IOL = 2 mA Output high voltage VOH 2.2 — — V IOH = –2 mA Output sink current IOL — — 2 mA Output source current -IOH — — 2 mA Output rise time (0 → 1) tRISE — — 25 ns 20 pF load, push/pull output 1 Output fall time (1 → 0) tFALL — — 25 ns 20 pF load, push/pull or open-drain output 1 1 Not tested in production test.

4.4.3 Characteristics of the HBFB Pin

Table 22 Electrical Characteristics of the HBFB Pin 1 Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. HBFB open voltage VHBFB_open 3.04 3.20 3.36 V Pull-up resistor RHBFB_PU — 9 — kΩ Pull-up resistor tolerance ΔRHBFB_PU — — ± 20 % 1 Not tested in production test.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 33 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

4.4.4 Characteristics of the Current Sense Inputs CSx

Table 23 Electrical Characteristics of the CSx Pin Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. OCP2 threshold voltage VOCP2 — 1.2 — V OCP2 threshold tolerance ΔVOCP2 — — ±5 % voltage divider tolerance OCP, OCP1 threshold tolerance ΔVOCP1 — — ±6.2 % Delay from VCSx crossing VCSxOCP1 to CSx_OCP1 rising edge, 1.2V range tCSOCP1 20 320 620 ns 1 input signal slope dVCS/dt = 10 mV/µs 2 90 170 250 ns 1 input signal slope dVCS/dt = 150mV/µs 2 90 140 210 ns 1 input signal slope dVCS/dt = 300mV/µs 2 1 Not tested in production test. 2 This slope represents a use case of a switch-mode power supply with minimum input voltage.

4.4.5 Characteristics of the Zero Crossing Input ZCD

Table 24 Zero-Crossing Comparator Characteristics Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Zero-crossing threshold VZCTHR 15 40 70 mV Comparator propagation delay tZCPD 30 50 70 ns dVZCD/dt = 4V/µs Input voltage negative clamping level –VINPCLN 140 180 220 mV

4.4.6 Characteristics of the Gate Driver Pins GDx

Table 25 Electrical Characteristics of the Gate Driver Pins GD0 and GD1 Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. APD low voltage (Active Pull Down while device is not powered or gate driver is not enabled) VAPD — — 1.6 V IGDx = 5mA 1 RPPD tolerance ΔRPPD — — ± 25 % permanent pull-down resistor inside gate driver Driver Output low impedance for GD0 RGDL — — 4.4 Ω TJ ≤ 125°C, IGD = 0.1 A Driver Output low impedance for GD1 RGDL — — 7.0 Ω TJ ≤ 125°C, IGD = 0.1 A Output voltage tolerance ΔVGDxH — — ±5 % tolerance of programming options if VGDH > 10V

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 34 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Rail-to-rail output high voltage VGDxHRR VVCC - 0.5 — VVCC V if VVCC < programmed VGDH and output at high state Output high current tolerance in PWM mode ΔIGDxH — — ±15 % Discharge current for GD0 IGD0DIS 800 — — mA VGD = 4 V and driver at low state 1 Discharge current for GD1 IGD1DIS 500 — — mA VGD = 4 V and driver at low state 1 Output low reverse current -IGDREVL — — 100 mA applies if VGD < 0 V and driver at low state 1 Output high reverse current in PWM mode IGDREVH — 1/6 of IGDH — mA applies if VGDxH < VGD and driver at high state 1

1 Not tested in production test

4.4.7 Characteristics of the High-Voltage Pin HV

Table 26 Electrical Characteristics of the HV PIN Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Leakage current at HV pin IHVleak — — 10 µA VHV = 600 V HV startup cell off Resistor value for bleeding path RHV_discharge 200 — 1000 Ω Overall resistance between VIN to GND Current charging capability for VCC cap. ILD 3.2 5 7.5 mA VVCC < VVCCon -0.3V

4.4.8 Characteristics of the VS Pin

Table 27 Electrical Characteristics of the VS pin Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Input leakage current, no pull device |ILK| — — 200 nA VVS ≤ 2.9V 1 PFC Overvoltage protection 2, OVP2 VOvpHwSetPFC 2.70 2.8 2.90 V 1 Pad leakage verified with guard bands at TA = 25°C.

4.4.9 Characteristics of the HSGD Pin

The electrical characteristics involve the spread of values given within the specified supply voltage and junction temperature range, TJ from -40 °C to +125 °C. Typical values represent the median values related to TJ = 25 °C. All voltages refer to HSGND, and the assumed supply voltage is VHSVCC = 14 V, if not specified otherwise.

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 35 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13 Table 28 Electrical Characteristics of the HSGD pin Parameters Symbol Values Unit Note/Test Condition Min. Typ. Max. Operating voltage range VHSVCC — — 24 V lower limit defined by VHSVCCon, VHSVCCoff HSVCC turn on threshold VHSVCCon 8.7 9.2 9.7 V HSVCC turn off threshold VHSVCCoff 6.2 6.7 7.2 V HSVCC turn on/off hysteresis VHSVCChy 2 2.5 3 V Output voltage at low state VHSGDlow — 25 100 mV IHSGD = 20 mA (sink) — 125 500 mV IHSGD = 100 mA (sink) -VHSGDlow — 25 100 mV IHSGD = -20 mA (src) Output voltage at high state VHSGDhigh 10 11 12 V IHSGD = -20 mA (src) 7 — — V IHSGD = -20 mA (src) VHSVCC = 8 V Output voltage at active shutdown VHSGDuvlo — 25 200 mV IHSGD = 20 mA (sink) VHSVCC = 5 V Output low impedance RHSGDLS — — 5 Ω IHSGD = 20 mA (sink) Peak source current IHSGDpksrc 0.13 — 0.52 A 1 Peak sink current -IHSGDpksnk 0.45 — 1.3 A 1 Output low reverse current -IHSGDREVL — — 100 mA applies if VHSGD < 0 V and driver at low state 1 Rising time 2V < VHSGD < 8V tHSGDrise 20 60 140 ns CLOAD = 3.3 nF, RLOAD = 6.8 Ω 1 Falling time 8V > VHSGD > 2V tHSGDfall 4 20 40 ns CLOAD = 3.3 nF, RLOAD = 6.8 Ω 1

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 36 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

5 Outline Dimensions and Marking

5.1 Outline Dimensions

Note: Please read the Getting Started guide to learn how to use the macro’s and styles in this template. 1) You can find all of our packages, sorts of packing and others in our Infineon Internet Page “Products”: http://www.infineon.com/products. 2) Dimensions in mm.

5.2 Marking

Figure 16 Marking for IDP2308

Digital Multi-Mode PFC + LLC Combo Controller Datasheet 37 Rev. V2.3, 2018-08-13

Revision History

Major changes since the last revision Page or Reference Description of change

13 Max RHV in Table 4 changed to 60 kΩ

14, 25, 26, 27 Update description on over temperature protection (OTP)

81726 Munich, Germany

© 2018 Infineon Technologies AG. All Rights Reserved. Do you have a question about any aspect of this document? Email: erratum@infineon.com Document reference Legal Disclaimer The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics. With respect to any examples or hints given herein, any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the device, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation, warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Offi ce (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements, components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question, please contact the nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies components may be used in life -support devices or systems only with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. www.infineon.com Trademarks of Infineon Technologies AG AURIX™, C166™, CanPAK™, CIPOS™, CIPURSE™, CoolGaN™, CoolMOS™, CoolSET™, CoolSiC™, CORECONTROL™, CROSSAVE™, DAVE™, DI-POL™, DrBLADE™, EasyPIM™, EconoBRIDGE™, EconoDUAL™, EconoPACK™, EconoPIM™, EiceDRIVER™, eupec™, FCOS™, HITFET™, HybridPACK™, ISOFACE™, IsoPAC K™, i - Wafer™, MIPAQ™, ModSTACK™, my -d™, NovalithIC™, OmniTune™, OPTIGA™, OptiMOS™, ORIGA™, POWERCODE™, PRIMARION™, PrimePAC K™, PrimeSTACK™, PROFET™, PRO -SIL™, RASIC™, REAL3™, ReverSave™, SatRIC™, SIEGET™, SIPMOS™, SmartLEWIS™, SOLID FLASH™, SPOC™, TEMPFET™, thinQ!™, TRENCHSTOP™, TriCore™. Other Trademarks Advance Design System™ (ADS) of Agilent Technologies, AMBA™, ARM™, MULTI-ICE™, KEIL™, PRIMECELL™, REALVIEW™, THUMB™, µVision™ of ARM Limited, UK. ANSI™ of American National Standards Institute. AUTOSAR™ of AUTOSAR development partnership. Bluetooth™ of Bluetooth SIG Inc. CAT-iq™ of DECT Corporation. HYPERTERMINAL™ of Hilgraeve Incorporated. MCS™ of Intel Corp. IEC™ of Commission Electrotechnique Internationale . IrDA™ of Infrared Data Associati on Corporation. ISO™ of INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. MATLAB™ of MathWorks, Inc. MAXIM™ of Maxim muRata™ of MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., MICROWAVE OFFICE™ (MWO) of Applied Wave Research Inc., OmniVision™ of OmniVision Technol ogies, Inc. Openwave™ of Openwave Systems Inc. RED HAT™ of Red Hat, Inc. RFMD™ of RF Micro Devices, Inc. SIRIUS™ of Sirius Satellite Radio Inc. SOLARIS™ of Sun TEKTRONIX™ of Tektronix Inc. TOKO™ of TOKO KABUSHIKI KAISHA TA. UNIX™ of X/Ope n Company Limited. VERILOG™, PALLADIUM™ of Cadence Design Systems, Inc. VLYNQ™ of Texas Instruments Incorporated. VXWORKS™, WIND RIVER™ of WIND RIVER SYSTEMS, INC. ZETEX™ of Diodes Zetex. Last Trademarks Update 2014-07-17 Edition 2017-02-0630 ifx000000000001