CM9100

CM9100 CALMIRCO | Alldatasheet

Document overview

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Technical content

Features

Monolithic linear charger requires no inductors, external sense resistors or blocking diodes. A few external components are required 4.75V to 6.5V operating input voltage range. Programmable the charging current to achieve the fastest charging rate without the risk of overloading the adapter Thermal limit control of charging current prevents overheating Maximum of 1µA battery drain current Charging-current monitor output for system super- vision of charging status TQFN-16, RoHS compliant lead-free package

Applications

Cellular phones and smart phones PDAs Portable Media Viewers Digital Still Camera Cradle Chargers Product Description The CM9100 is an integrated linear-mode charger for single-cell, Lithium-ion batteries. It designed for com- pact and cost-sensitive handheld devices. It provides programming charge current, charge status indicator, high accuracy fast charge current and automatic charge voltage regulation. It requires no external block- ing diodes or current sense resistors and needs only one external resistor to program the charging current. The CM9100 provides Precharge, Fast-charge (con- stant-current), and Termination (constant-voltage) charging modes. The Precharge/Termination currents are preset to 10/5% of the Fast-charge current level. A host system can monitor the actual charge current at the ISET pin. When the chip temperature reach 140°C, the CM9100 goes into a latched shutdown mode stop charging until the chip temperature is below 140°C will gradually charge and 105°C resume fast charge. When the adapter is not present, the CM9100 draws less than 1µA of drain current from the battery in ultra low power sleep mode. The CM9100 is packaged in a miniature 16-pin TQFN. It can operate over the ambient temperature range of -40°C to 85°C. Typical Application Li-ion Battery GND VOUT VIN Vin 4.7u ISET STAT CM9100 VREF 0.1u VSTB 4.7u Basic Compact Cost-effective Fast-Charger

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 06/30/06 CM9100 PRELIMINARY PIN DESCRIPTIONS LEAD(s) NAME

DESCRIPTION

No connect. GND Ground pin. NC No connect. VREF 4.2V, 2mA reference output pin. ISET Pin to set the maximum charging current in the Fast charge (CC) mode. Also, reflects actual charging current. A resistor between this pin and ground sets the charge current, ICH: NC No connect. NC No connect. NC No connect. STAT Charging status indicator pin (open-drain output). NC No connect. VOUT Charger output pin NC No connect. VSTB 4.2V output pin, connect a cap to ground to increase stability. NC No connect. PACKAGE / PINOUT DIAGRAM CM9100-00QE GND PAD BOTTOM VIEW (Pins Up View) TOP VIEW (Pins Down View) VREF NC GND NC STAT NC VOUT NC VIN NC NC VSTB ISET NC NC NC CM910 000QE Pin 1 Marking 16-Lead TQFN Package (4mm x 4mm) Note: This drawing is not to scale. RISET 1000 2.5 V ICC Package Pinout

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 06/30/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com CM9100 PRELIMINARY

Ordering Information

Note 1: Parts are shipped in Tape & Reel form unless otherwise specified. Specifications NC No connect. VIN Positive input supply voltage pin, which powers the charger. PIN DESCRIPTIONS PART NUMBERING INFORMATION Pins Package Lead Free Finish Ordering Part Number1 Part Marking TQFN CM9100-00QE CM910 000QE ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS PARAMETER RATING UNITS ESD Protection (HBM) kV VIN to GND [GND - 0.3] to +6.5 V Pin Voltages VOUT, VREF, VSTB to GND ISET, STAT to GND [GND - 0.3] to +6.5 [GND - 0.3] to +6.5 V V Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 Operating Temperature Range (Ambient) -40 to +85 Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec) 300 ELECTRICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (SEE NOTE 1) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS VIN VIN Supply Voltage VIN 4.75 6.5 V IQ Quiescent Current Charging modes, exclud- ing current to ISET and STAT pins. All outputs are at no load. mA VSHDN Battery Drain Current VIN = 0V (100Ω - resistor to ground), VBAT = 4.2V 0.5 µA Charger Function IPR Precharge Mode Current VOUT < 3.2V 0.85 x IPR 1.14 x IPR mA TCC CC Mode Voltage Threshold 3.20 3.30 3.40 V IPR 250 RSET kΩ Pin Descriptions (cont’d)

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 06/30/06 CM9100 PRELIMINARY Note 1: VIN = 5.0V. All outputs are on. TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified. Note 2: When chip temperature reaches 105°C, the IC’s internal thermal limit will maintain this temperature by decreasing the pro- grammed charge current Note 3: When chip temperature reaches 140°C, the IC goes into a latched shutdown mode. It stops charging, stops supplying VOUT). To resume the charging function, a toggle of VIN is required. Note 4: When charging current reaches 1.2A, the IC goes into shutdown, latched mode only toggled VIN could resume the function. ICC CC Mode Charging Current VOUT > 3.5V 0.92 x ICC 1.08 x ICC mA VCC CV Mode Voltage Threshold 4.190 4.200 4.210 V ITERM Charge Termination Current VOUT > 4.190V 0.8 x ITERM 1.2 x ITERM mA VRCH Recharge Mode Threshold 4.090 4.100 4.110 V Constant-temperature Mode, Limit (Note 2) 105 125 C OTP Over-temperature Protec- tion, Limit (Note 3) 130 140 150 C OCP Over-Current Charging (OCP), Limit (Note 4) 0.9 1.0 1.1 A RDSON of Charger MOSFET ICC = 500mA 100 120 150 mΩ VREF VREF Regulated Voltage VREF IREF < 1mA 4.190 4.200 4.210 V VSTB VSTB Regulated Voltage VSTB 4.100 4.200 4.300 V Control Function STAT STAT (Open Drain) Output Low Voltage ISINK = 5mA ISINK = 20mA 0.1 0.5 V V ELECTRICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (SEE NOTE 1) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS ICC 2500 RSET kΩ ITERM 100 RSET kΩ Specifications (cont’d)

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 06/30/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com CM9100 PRELIMINARY Functional Block Diagram Time (2 ms/div) Charging Algorithm Battery Emulator, Cbattery = 30 mF RISET = 5 kΩ Battery Current Thresholds Ichg_cc=500mA Ichg_term=25mA Ichg_pr=50mA Battery voltage Charge current Time (2 ms/div) Battery Voltage Thresholds CC mode = 3.3V CV mode = 4.2V Charge current Battery voltage Qc Charger Control OCP Over-Temp Limit OTP GND VOUT ISET CM9100 STAT VIN LDO VREF Current Limit VSTB Typical Performance Curves

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 06/30/06 CM9100 PRELIMINARY Set Precharge Mode STAT=ON Tj > 150oC Stop charging and Latch ; Set STAT=OFF VOUT > 3.3V Yes Precharge Mode CC Mode No Yes Set CV Mode CV Mode No Yes OTP OCP Yes Standby Mode No Charge Done VIN < VOUT Stop Charging Sleep mode No Yes Yes No Stop charging Set STAT=OFF VOUT < 4.200V-100mV VOUT >= 4.200V Set CC mode STAT=ON Set Precharge Mode STAT=ON 4.75V < VIN < 6.5V Iin > 1A No ICH < Iterm Flow Chart

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 06/30/06 CM9100 PRELIMINARY Most battery manufactures recommend an optimal charging current for their battery. This is typically a time ratio related to the battery capacity, with a value of .7C to 1C, once the battery is above the Precharge voltage level. For example, a 750mAh capacity battery with recommended charge of .7C could have ICC set for about 525mA, with RISET equal to 4.75kΩ, 1%. The actual Fast-charge current might be further limited by either the maximum chip temperature limit, deter- mined by the power dissipation on the CM9100 chip, the ambient temperature (TA), and the junction-to- ambient thermal resistance, Rth(JA). When the battery terminal voltage, sensed at VOUT, approaches 4.2V, the CM9100 enters the Termination (CV) mode. The charger then regulates its output volt- age at 4.20V, and the charging current gradually decreases as the battery’s internal voltage, VOC, rises toward 4.2V. The actual charging current is now deter- mined by the differential voltage (4.20V – VOC) and the internal impedance, Rinternal, of the Li-ion battery-pack. The CM9100 ends the charging process when charg- ing current drops below 5% of the Fast-charge (CC) mode current level. Once terminated, the charge cur- rent is completely stopped and no trickle charge is applied. Trickle (or float) charging is not required due to the minimal self-discharge of the Li-ion cells, and they are unable to absorb overcharge, which causes plating of metallic lithium and shortens the life of the battery. Following the Termination mode, the charger will enter the Standby mode. The status pin will be set to STAT=VIN. If the wall adapter is left plugged-in while in the Standby mode, the charger will continue to monitor the battery voltage. It automatically re-charges the battery when the battery voltage drops below the re-charge threshold. When the adapter is removed, the CM9100 will drain less than 1µA from the battery. Charging Current Foldback in the Over- temperature Condition A limitation of linear chargers is that they are vulnera- ble to over-temperature conditions. The CM9100 will throttle down the charging current when the chip junc- tion temperature reaches 105°C (with 10°C of hystere- sis). This protects the charger IC and its nearby external components from excessive temperature. The Charger IC junction temperature is determined by several factors in the following equation: (1) The Rth(JA) is usually determined by the IC package and the thermal resistance between the package and the PC board. In particular, a SMD IC package relies on the underlying PC board copper to move the heat away from the junction. The key to reducing the ther- mal resistance between the IC package and the under- lying PC board is using a large copper (Cu) area for solder attach and a large ground plane underneath the charger IC to conduct the heat away. The power dissipation (PD in equation 1) of a linear charger is the product of input-output voltage differen- tial and output current. Highest power dissipation occurs when the battery at its lowest level (3.2V), when it just starts in the Fast- charge (CC) mode. Assuming VIN = 5.0V, VBAT = 3.2V, ICC = 1A, the PD = (5V-3.2V) x 1A = 1.8W. Assuming Rth(JA) = 50°C/W, then -T = 1.8W x 50°C/W = 90°C. If the ambient temperature (TA) is 35°C, then the junction temperature (TJ) could reach 125°C without over-tem- perature current foldback. With over-temperature (OT) current foldback, the CM9100 will throttle down the charging current, allow- ing the junction temperature will reach steady-state equilibrium of 105°C, which translates into 1.4W of power dissipation, or 0.78A of charge current. As the battery voltage rises during charging, the allowable PD dissipation is increased. When the battery voltage reaches 3.6V, a full 1.0A of charging current is allowed. OTP and OCP In addition to chip temperature regulation at 105°C, the CM9100 provides absolute over-temperature shutdown protection. In the case of a malfunctioning charger con- trol, high ambient temperature or an unexpectedly high IC thermal resistance, Rth(JA) (for example, due to faulty soldering of the charger IC chip). The CM9100 TJ TA PD Rth JA PD VIN VOUT IOUT Application Information (cont’d)

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 06/30/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com CM9100 PRELIMINARY provides an absolute OTP shutdown at junction tem- perature of 150°C. Charging status CM9100 provides a charging status indicator pin: STAT. This is an open-drain output, which can drive an LED directly, with up to 20mA of current sinking capability. Alternatively, the system supervisory microprocessor can monitor the battery charging status by interfacing with this pin, using a 100kΩ pull-up resistor. See Table Table 1: Charge Status for STAT Charging Control by the Host System The CM9100 allows a host-system to take active con- trol of the charging process by providing actual charg- ing current monitoring via the 1000:1 current mirror on RISET. This is especially useful for the system’s direct control of the Termination threshold (preset to 5% of CC mode level). Mode Summary Precharge mode is the typical charge starting mode for pre-conditioning a deeply discharged battery (<3.3V). A constant current of 10% of the programmed Fast-charge current is applied to raise the voltage safely above 3.3V. Fast-charge mode is the constant current charging mode that applies most of the battery charge. A pro- grammed constant current is applied to bring the bat- tery voltage to 4.2V. Termination mode is the final charging mode, where a constant voltage of 4.2V is applied to the battery until the charge current drops below 5% or the programmed Fast-charge current. Standby mode is entered after a successful Termina- tion mode and charging is done. Charging stops. In this mode, the battery is monitored, and when its voltage drops below the re-charge threshold, a new charge cycle begins. Shutdown mode is triggered by a charging fault. These include, Input current that exceeds 2.4A (OCP), the IC junction temperature exceeds 150°C (OTP). Charging stops. Sleep mode is entered when the Adapter is removed (or is the wrong voltage). Charging stops. In this mode, the CM9100 draws less than 1µA of current from the battery. Component Selection The constant voltage AC Adapter must be selected carefully to minimize power losses and heat dissipation in the charger. The input supply should be between 5.0V and 6.0V. The lowest allowable input voltage will minimize heat dissipation and simplify the thermal design. Layout Considerations Because the internal thermal foldback circuit will limit the current when the IC reaches 105°C it is important to keep a good thermal interface between the IC and the PC board. It is critical that the exposed metal on the backside of the CM9100 be soldered to the PCB ground. The Cu pad should is large and thick enough to provided good thermal spreading. Thermal vias to other Cu layers provide improved thermal perfor- mance. VIN and VOUT are high current paths and the traces should be sized appropriately for the maximum current to avoid voltage drops. CHARGE STATUS STAT Precharge in progress Low - Fast-charge in progress Low - Charge completed High - Charge suspended (OTP, OCP) High - Application Information (cont’d)

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com 06/30/06 CM9100 PRELIMINARY Li-ion Battery VIN NC NC VSTB NC NC GND VREF ISET NC NC NC STAT NC VOUT NC CM9100 +VBAT THERM THERMISTOR 10K 499 0.1U 4.7U VIN 500 GLED 4.7U Typical Evaluation Circuit

© 2006 California Micro Devices Corp. All rights reserved. 06/30/06 490 N. McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-5112 l Tel: 408.263.3214 l Fax: 408.263.7846 l www.cmd.com CM9100 PRELIMINARY TQFN-16 Mechanical Specifications The CM9100-00QE is supplied in a 16-lead, 4.0mm x 4.0mm TQFN package. Dimensions are presented below. For complete information on the TQFN16, see the Cal- ifornia Micro Devices TQFN Package Information doc- ument. Package Dimensions for 16-Lead TQFN PACKAGE DIMENSIONS Package TQFN-16 (4x4) Leads Dim. Millimeters Inches Min Nom Max Min Nom Max A 0.07 0.75 0.80 0.28 0.030 0.031 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.002

0.20 REF

.008 b 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.010 0.012 0.014 D 3.90 4.00 4.10 0.154 0.157 0.161

1.95 REF

0.077 2.00 2.10 2.20 0.079 0.083 0.087 E 3.90 4.00 4.10 0.154 0.157 0.161 0.077 2.00 2.10 2.20 0.079 0.083 0.087 e 0.65 TYP. 0.026 L 0.45 0.55 0.65 0.018 0.022 0.026 # per tape and reel 3000 pieces Controlling dimension: millimeters 0.10 C 0.08 C A SIDE VIEW Mechanical Package Diagrams D E 0.15 C 0.15 C BOTTOM VIEW TOP VIEW e b L 0.10 C A B M 16X DAP SIZE 1.8 X 1.8 Pin 1 Marking Mechanical Details