AP1501A ANACHIP | Alldatasheet
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150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter This datasheet contains new product information. Anachip Corp. reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of the use of this product. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of the product. Rev. 0.4 Feb 19, 2004 Features - Output voltage: 3.3V, 5V, 12V and adjustable output version - Adjustable version output voltage range, 1.23V to 37V+4% - 150Khz +15% fixed switching frequency - Voltage mode non-synchronous PWM control - Thermal-shutdown and current-limit protection - ON/OFF shutdown control input - Operating voltage can be up to 40V - Output load current: 5A - TO220-5L, TO220-5L(R) and TO263-5L packages - Low power standby mode - Built-in switching transistor on chip Applications - Simple High-efficiency step-down regulator - On-card switching regulators - Positive to negative converter General Description The AP1501A series are monolithic IC that design for a step-down DC/DC converter, and own the ability of driving a 5A load without additional transistor component. Due to reducing the number of external component, the board space can be saved easily. The external shutdown function can be controlled by logic level and then come into standby mode. The internal compensation makes feedback control have good line and load regulation without external design. Regarding protected function, thermal shutdown is to prevent over temperature operating from damage, and current limit is against over current operating of the output switch. The AP1501A series operates at a switching frequency of 150Khz thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what would be needed with lower frequency switching regulators. Other features include a guaranteed + 4% tolerance on output voltage under specified input voltage and output load conditions, and + 15% on the oscillator frequency. The output version included fixed 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and an adjustable type. The packages are available in a standard 5-lead TO-220 package and a 5-lead TO-263. Pin Assignments TO220-5L/TO220-5L(R) ( Top View ) ( Top View ) TO263-5L
1 VIN
3 Gnd
2 Output
Pin Descriptions Name Description VIN Operating voltage input Output Switching output Gnd Ground FB Output voltage feedback control SD ON/OFF Shutdown
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Ordering Information Package T5: TO220-5L K5: TO263-5L Output version AP1501A XX X X X Packing Blank : Tube A : Taping Blank : Adjustable -33 : 3.3V -50 : 5.0V -12 : 12V T5R: TO220-5L(R) Lead Free Blank : Normal L : Lead Free Package Block Diagram Current Source bias 1.235V Reference 2.5V Regulator 150kHz OSC. Start up Thermal Limit Pre-driver Comp Comp Gnd Output VIN SD FB 220mV200mV Switch _Amp Comp Freg. Compensation
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Rating Unit VCC Supply Voltage +45 V VSD ON/OFF Pin input voltage -0.3 to +25 V VFB Feedback Pin voltage -0.3 to +25 V VOUT Output voltage to Ground -1 V PD Power dissipation Internally limited W TST Storage temperature -65 to +150 oC TOP Operating temperature -40 to +125 oC VOP Operating voltage +4.5 to +40 V Electrical Characteristics (All Output Voltage Versions) Unless otherwise specified, VIN=12V for 3.3V, 5V, adjustable version and VIN=24V for the 12V version. ILOAD = 0.5A Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 60 IB Feedback bias current VFB=1.3V (Adjustable version only) 40 100 nA 127 150 173 FOSC oscillator frequency 110 173 Khz 1.6 VSAT saturation voltage IOUT=5A no outside circuit VFB=0V force driver on 1.5 1.7 V Max. Duty Cycle(ON) V FB=0V force driver on 100 DC Min. Duty cycle(OFF) V FB=12V force driver off 0 % 6.5 ICL current limit peak current no outside circuit VFB=0 force driver on 5.5 6.0 7.5 A Output = 0V no outside circuit VFB=12 force driver off 200 uA IL Output =-1V Output leakage current VIN=40V 2 60 mA IQ Quiescent Current V FB=12 force driver off 5 10 mA
250 ISTBY Standby Quiescent
ON/OFF pin=5V VIN=40V 150 300 uA VIL Low (regulator ON) - 0.6 VIH ON/OFF pin logic input threshold voltage High (regulator OFF) 2.0 1.3 - V IH ON/OFF pin logic input current VLOGIC=2.5V (OFF) 15 25 IL ON/OFF pin input current V LOGIC=0.5V (ON) 0.02 5 uA TO220-5L 2.5 ΘJC Thermal Resistance TO263-5L Junction to case 3.5 oC/W TO220-5L 28 ΘJA Thermal Resistance With copper area of approximately 3 in
2 TO263-5L
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ. Limit Unit FBV Output Feedback 5V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A VOUT programmed for 1.23 1.193/1.18 1.267/1.28 V VMIN VMAX AP1501A-ADJ η Efficiency V IN = 12V, ILOAD=5A 72 % OUTV Output voltage 5.5V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A 3.3 3.168/3.135 3.432/3.465 V VMIN VMAX AP1501A-3.3V η Efficiency V IN = 12V, ILOAD=5A 71 % OUTV Output voltage 8V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A 5 4.8/4.75 5.2/5.25 V VMIN VMAX AP1501A-5V η Efficiency V IN = 12V, ILOAD=5A 78 % OUTV Output voltage 15V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 5A 12 11.52/11.4 12.48/12.6 V VMIN VMAX AP1501A-12V η Efficiency V IN = 16V, ILOAD = 5A 88 % Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for TJ=25ºC.
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Typical Performance Characteristics Typical Performance Characteristics Normalized Output Voltage 4.90 4.95 5.00 5.05 5.10 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 OUTPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE VIN =20V, ILOAD=3A Normalized at TJ=25oC JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(oC) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(oC) SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT (A) Switch Current Limit 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(oC) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) Operating Quiescent Current Input Voltage EFFICIENCY (%) Efficiency 100 81 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 30 35 40 3.3V 5A Load 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.0 3 45 SWITCH CURRENT(A) SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 1 : -40 oC 2 : 25 oC 3 : 125 oC Switch Saturation Voltage 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 VIN=12V, VOUT=5V SUPPLY VOLOTAGE (V) CURRENT (uA) 0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 Shutdown Quiescent Current 10 20 30 40 VON/OFF=5V 1 : -40 oC 2 : 25 oC 3 : 125 oC Switch ON Switch OFF
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(oC) BIAS CURRENT (nA) Feedback Pin Bias Current 1 . 4 5 1 01 52 02 22 32 42 5 ON/OFF PIN VOLTAGE (V) CURRENT (uA) ON/OFF Pin Current (Sinking) 0.0 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 150.0 VIN=40V -40oC TJ 125oC≤≤ 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Adjustable Version Only 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) Minimum Operating Supply Voltage VOUT=1.23V ILOAD=120mA JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC) THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V) ON/OFF Threshold Voltage 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Switch Frequency JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC) FREQUENCY (kHz) 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Typical Application Circuit 412V DC Input Cin Capacitor FB SD D1 Schottky Diode Vin Gnd OutputAP1501A -33 Co Capacitor Inductor L1 3.3V/5A Output Load Function Description Pin Functions +VIN This is the positive input supply for the IC switching regulator. A suitable input bypass capacitor must be present at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply the switching currents needed by the regulator. Ground Circuit ground. Output Internal switch. The voltage at this pin switches between (+V IN – V SAT) and approximately – 0.5V, with a duty cycle of approximately V OUT / V IN. To minimize coupling to sensitive circuitry, the PC board copper area connected to this pin should be kept a minimum. Feedback Senses the regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. ON /OFF Allows the switching re gulator circuit to be shutdown using logic level signals thus dropping the total input supply current to approximately 150uA. Pulling this pin belo w a threshold voltage of approximately 1.3V turns the regulator on, and pulling this pin above 1.3V (up to a maximum of 25V) shuts the regulator down. If this shutdown feature is not needed, the ON /OFF pin can be wired to the ground pin or it can be left open, in either case the regulator will be in the ON condition. Thermal Considerations The AP1501A is available in two packages, a 5-pin TO-220 and a 5-pin surface mount TO-263. The TO-220 package needs a heat sink under most conditions. The size of the heatsink depends on the input voltage, the output voltage, the load current and the ambient temperature. The AP1501A junction temperature rises above ambient temperature for a 5A load and different input and output voltages. The data for these curves was taken with the AP1501A (TO-220 package) operating as a buck switching regulator in an ambient temperature of 25 oC (still air). These temperature rise numbers are all approximate and there are many factors that can affect these temperatures. Higher ambient temperatures require more heat sinking. The TO-263 surface mount package tab is designed to be soldered to the copper on a printed circuit board. The copper and the board are the heat sink for this package and the other heat producing components, such as the catch diode and inductor. The PC board copper area that the package is soldered to should be at least 0.8 in and ideally should have 2 or more square inches of 2 oz. Additional copper area improves the thermal characteristics, but with copper areas greater than approximately 6 in 2, only small improvements in heat dissipation are realized. If further thermal improvements are needed, double sided, multilayer PC board with large copper areas and/or airflow are recommended.
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Function Description (Continued) The AP1501A (TO-263 package) junction temperature rise above ambient temperature with a 2A load for various input and output voltages. This data was taken with the circuit operating as a buck switching regulator with all components mounted on a PC board to simulate the junction temperature under actual operating conditions. This curve can be used for a quick check for the approximate junction temperature for various conditions, but be aware that there are many factors that can affect the junction temperature. When load currents higher than 3A are used, double sided or multilayer PC boards with large copper areas and/or airflow might be needed, especially for high ambient temperatures and high output voltages. For the best thermal performance, wide copper traces and generous amounts of printed circuit board copper should be used in the board layout. (Once exception to this is the output (switch) pin, which should not have large areas of copper.) Large areas of copper provide the best transfer of heat (lower thermal resistance) to the surrounding air, and moving air lowers the thermal resistance even further. Package thermal resistance and junction temperature rise numbers are all approximate, and there are many factors that will affect these numbers. Some of these factors include board size, shape, thickness, position, location, and even board temperature. Other factors are, trace width, total printed circuit copper area, copper thickness, single or double-sided, multilayer board and the amount of solder on the board. The effectiveness of the PC board to dissipate heat also depends on the size, quantity and spacing of other components on the board, as well as whether the surrounding air is still or moving. Furthermore, some of these components such as the catch diode will add heat to the PC board and the heat can vary as the input voltage changes. For the inductor, depending on the physical size, type of core material and the DC resistance, it could either act as a heat sink taking heat away from the board, or it could add heat to the board. Marking Information (1) TO263-5L AC 1501AXX Output Type: 1501: ADJ 1501A33: 3.3V 1501A50: 5.0V 1501A12: 12V Logo ID code Year: ( Top view ) "02" = 2002 "01" = 2001 YY WW X X Xth week: 01~52 Blank: normal L: Lead Free Package (2) TO220-5L AC 1501AXX Output Type: 1501: ADJ 1501A33: 3.3V 1501A50: 5.0V 1501A12: 12V Logo ID code Year: ( Top view ) "02" = 2002 "01" = 2001 YY WW X X Xth week: 01~52 Blank: normal L: Lead Free Package
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Package Information (1) Package Type: TO220-5L D Q E b A F C ΦP L e
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Package Information (Continued) (2) Package Type: TO263-5L A C E e B D L F
150Khz, 5A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Anachip Corp. Package Information (Continued) (3) Package Type: TO220-5L(R) Mechanical drawing E Q D b A F e A E d1 1.0 0.039 d2 6.3 0.248 H1 6.4 0.250 J1 2.7 0.105 J3 8.4 0.331