AL9910

AL9910/A

Document overview

• Manufacturer or author: Diodes Incorporated
• PDF pages: 15

Technical content

Features

• > 90% Efficiency
• Universal Rectified 85 to 277VAC Input Range
• Input Voltage Up to 500V
• Internal Voltage Regulator Removes Startup Resistor ▪ 7.5V MOSFET Drive – AL9910 ▪ 10V MOSFET Drive – AL9910A
• Tighter Current-Sense Tolerance: 5% AL9910-5, AL9910A-5 and 6% AL9910-6
• Drives LED Lamps with Both High and Low Current LEDs
• LED Brightness Control with Linear and PWM Dimming
• Internal Thermal Protection (OTP)
• Available in the SO-8 and SO-8EP Packages
• Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)
• Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)
• For automotive applications requiring specific change control (i.e. parts qualified to AEC-Q100/101/104/200, PPAP capable, and manufactured in IATF 16949 certified facilities), please contact us or your local Diodes representative. https://www.diodes.com/quality/product-definitions/ Pin Assignments

Applications

• LED offline lamps
• High-voltage DC-DC LED drivers
• Signage and decorative LED lighting
• Back lighting of flat panel displays
• General-purpose constant current sources Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS), 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) & 2015/863/EU (RoHS 3) compliant. 2. See https://www.diodes.com/quality/lead-free/ for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen - and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. PWM_D VDD LD ROSC GATE GND CS VIN (Top View) SO-8 AL9910 PWM_D VDD LD ROSC GATE GND CS VIN (Top View) SO-8EP AL9910 AL9910/A AL9910/A

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 2 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A Typical Applications Circuit Pin Descriptions Pin Name Pin Number Function SO-8 SO-8EP VIN 1 1 Input Voltage CS 2 2 Senses LED string and external MOSFET switch current GND 3 3 Device Ground GATE 4 4 Drives the gate of the external MOSFET switch. PWM_D 5 5 Low Frequency PWM Dimming pin, also Enable input. Internal 200kΩ pulldown to GND. VDD 6 6 Internally regulated supply voltage. ▪ 7.5V nominal for AL9910 and AL9910-5 ▪ 10V nominal for AL9910A. Can supply up to 1mA for external circuitry. A sufficient storage capacitor is used to provide storage when the rectified AC input is near the zero crossing. LD 7 7 Linear Dimming Input. Changes the current limit threshold at current-sense comparator and changes the average LED current. ROSC 8 8 Oscillator Control. A resistor connected between this pin and ground sets the PWM frequency. The devices can be switched into constant off time (PFM) mode by connecting the external oscillator resistor between ROSC pin and the gate of the external MOSFET. EP PAD N/A EP Exposed Pad (bottom). Connect to GND directly underneath the package. Functional Block Diagram RSENSE AL9910/A GATE CS LD PWM_D GNDROSC VDD VIN VAC IN Q1 ROSC BR1 RSENSE AL9910/A GATE CS LD PWM_D GNDROSC VDD VIN VAC IN Q1 ROSC BR1

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 3 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 4) (@TA = +25° C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Ratings Unit VIN(MAX) Maximum Input Voltage, VIN, to GND -0.5 to +520 V VCS Maximum CS Input Pin Voltage Relative to GND -0.3 to +0.45 V VLD Maximum LD Input Pin Voltage Relative to GND -0.3 to (VDD +0.3) V VPWM_D Maximum PWM_D Input Pin Voltage Relative to GND -0.3 to (VDD +0.3) V VGATE Maximum GATE Pin Voltage Relative to GND -0.3 to (VDD +0.3) V VDD(MAX) Maximum VDD Pin Voltage Relative to GND 12 V — Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +25C) — — — SO-8 (Derate 6.3mW/C Above +25C) 630 mW — SO-8EP (Derate at 22mW/° C Above +25° C) 2200 mW TJ Junction Temperature Range +150 °C TST Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 °C ESD HBM Human Body Model ESD Protection (Note 5) 1500 V ESD MM Machine Model ESD Protection (Note 5) 300 V Notes: 4. Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods can affect device reliability. All voltages are with respect to Ground. Currents are positive into, negative out of the specified terminal. 5. Semiconductor devices are ESD sensitive and can be damaged by exposure to ESD events. Suitable ESD precautions should be taken when handling and transporting these devices Recommended Operating Conditions (@TA = +25° C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit VINDC Input DC Supply Voltage Range AL9910 AL9910-5 AL9910-6 15.0 500 V AL9910A Al9910A-5 20.0 500 TA Ambient Temperature Range (Note 6) AL9910_S -40 +85 °C AL9910_SP -40 +105 VDD Maximum Recommended Voltage Applied to VDD Pin (Note 7) AL9910 AL9910-5 AL9910-6 — 10 V AL9910A AL9910A-5 — 12 VEN(LO) Pin PWM_D Input Low Voltage 0 1 V VEN(HI) Pin PWM_D Input High Voltage 2.4 VDD Notes: 6. Maximum ambient temperature range is limited by allowable power dissipation. The exposed pad SO-8EP with its lower thermal impedance allows the variants using this package to extend the allowable maximum ambient temperature range. 7. When using the AL9910 in isolated LED lamps an auxiliary winding might be used.

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 4 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25° C, unless otherwise specified.) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Unit IINSD Shutdown Mode Supply Current Pin PWM_D to GND, VIN = VIN(MIN) (Note 6) AL9910 AL9910-5 — 0.50 1 mA AL9910A — 0.65 1.2 VDD Internally Regulated Voltage VIN = VIN(MIN) to 500V, (Note 8) lDD(ext) = 0, Gate pin open AL9910 AL9910-5 7.0 7.5 8.0 V AL9910-6 7.0 — 8.2 AL9910A 9 10 11 IDD(ext) VDD Current Available for External Circuitry VIN = VIN(MIN) to 100V (Notes 8 & 9) — — 1.0 mA UVLO VDD Undervoltage Lockout Threshold VDD rising AL9910 AL9910-5 6.4 6.7 7 V AL9910-6 6.4 — 7.4 AL9910A 8 9 10 ∆UVLO VDD Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis VDD falling AL9910 AL9910-5 AL9910-6 — 500 — mV AL9910A — 750 — RPWM_D PWM_D Pulldown Resistance VPWM_D = 5V 150 200 250 kΩ VCS(HI) Current-Sense Threshold Voltage Full ambient temperature range (Note 10) AL9910 225 250 275 mV AL9910A 230 255 280 AL9910A-5 242 255 267 AL9910-5 237.5 250 262.5 AL9910-6 249 265 281 VGATE(HI) GATE High Output Voltage IOUT = 10mA VDD -0.3 — VDD V VGATE(LO) GATE Low Output Voltage IOUT = -10mA 0 — 0.3 V fOSC Oscillator Frequency ROSC = 1MΩ 20 25 30 kHz ROSC = 226kΩ 80 100 120 DMAXhf Maximum Oscillator PWM Duty Cycle fPWMhf = 25kHz, at GATE, CS to GND. — — 100 % VLD Linear Dimming Pin Voltage Range Full ambient temperature range (Note 10), VIN = 20V 0 — 250 mV tBLANK Current-Sense Blanking Interval VCS = 0.45V, VLD = VDD 160 250 440 ns tDELAY Delay From CS Trip to GATE lo VIN = 20V, VLD = 0.15V, VCS = 0 to 0.22V after tBLANK — — 300 ns tRISE GATE Output Rise Time CGATE = 500pF — 30 50 ns tFALL GATE Output Fall Time CGATE = 500pF — 30 50 ns TSD Thermal Shut Down — — +150 — TSDH Thermal Shut Down Hysteresis — — +50 — JA Thermal Resistance Junction-to- Ambient SO-8 (Note 11) — 110 — C/W SO-8EP (Note 12) — 66 — JC Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Case SO-8 (Note 11) — 22 — C/W SO-8EP (Note 12) — 9 — Notes: 6. Maximum ambient temperature range is limited by allowable power dissipation. The exposed pad SO -8EP with its lower thermal impedance allows the variants using this package to extend the allowable maximum ambient temperature range. 8. VIN(MIN) for the AL9910 is 15V and for the AL9910A it is 20V. 9. Also limited by package power dissipation limit, whichever is lower. 10. Full ambient temperature range for AL9910-5S, AL9910AS and AL9910S is -40 to +85° C; for AL9910-5SP, AL9910ASP and AL9910SP is -40°C to +105° C. 11. Device mounted on FR-4 PCB (25mm x 25mm 1oz copper, minimum recommended pad layout on top. For better thermal performance, larger copper pad for heat-sink is needed. 12. Device mounted on FR-4 PCB (51mm x 51mm 2oz copper, minimum recommended pad layout on top layer and thermal vias to bottom layer ground plane. For better thermal performance, larger copper pad for heat-sink is needed.

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 5 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A Typical Characteristics -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (° C) Change in Current Sense Threshold vs. Ambient T emperatureCURRENT SENSE THRESHOLD (mV) 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE ( C) Input Current vs. Ambient Temperature V = 15VIN V = 400VIN INPUT CURRENT (µA) V DIMMING CONTROL (mV) I vs. V Dimming Control LD OUT MAX LD 100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 I (%)OUT MAX I = 281mA V = 264V T = 23.5C LED IN A 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 85 105 125 145 165 185 205 225 245 265 INPUT VOLTAGE (V ) 180mA LED Driver Short Circuit Output Current vs. Input Voltage RMS SHORT CIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) I = 180mALED(NOM) -2.0 -1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (° C) Change in Oscillation Frequency vs. Ambient Temperature CHANGE IN FREQUENCY (%) R = 1MOSC  R = 226kOSC  23.5°C

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 6 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A Typical Characteristics (continued) measured using AL9910EV4 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 85 105 125 145 165 185 205 225 245 265 INPUT VOLTAGE (V ) 180mA LED Driver Output Current vs. Input Voltage RMS I (mA)OUT MAX

18 LEDs

16 LEDs

14 LEDs15 LEDs

17 LEDs

105 125 145 165 185 205 225 245 26585 INPUT VOLTAGE (V ) 180mA LED Driver Efficiency vs. Input Voltage RMS EFFICIENCY (%)

15 LEDs

14 LEDs

0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 85 105 125 145 165 185 205 225 245 265 INPUT VOLTAGE (V ) 180mA LED Driver Power Factor vs. Input Voltage RMS POWER FACTOR 85 105 125 145 165 185 205 225 245 265 INPUT VOLTAGE (V ) 180mA LED Driver Input Power Dissipation vs. Input Voltage RMS POWER (W)14 LEDs

17 LEDs18 LEDs

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 7 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A

Application Information

The AL9910/A is very versatile and is capable of operating in isolated or non-isolated topologies. It can also be made to operate in continuous- as well as discontinuous-conduction mode. Figure 1. Functional Block Diagram driver. A UVLO on the output of the LDO prevents incorrect operation at low input voltage to the VIN pin. MOSFET Q1 is turned off. The stored energy in the inductor causes the current to continue to flow through the LEDs via diode D1. off-cycle of the external MOSFET.

© 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. frequency by increasing the ROSC value. Reducing the switching frequency will also improve the efficiency. than 0.5. This instability reveals itself as an oscillation of the output current at a sub-harmonic (SBO) of the switching frequency. will decrease the duty cycle from 50% by increasing the total period, tOFF + tON. Figure 2. Constant Off-Time Configuration The oscillator period equation above now defines the AL9910/A off time, tOFF. determined by the following example. each diode has a forward voltage drop of 3.0V at its nominal current; the total LED voltage VLEDS is 30V.

© 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. transistor and hence the LED current – this is due to the finite blanking period. Only the PWM_D pin will turn off the power transistor. CS pin and reduces the output current. If an input voltage greater than 250mV is applied to the LD, then the output current will not change. the average LED current to increase. the AL9910/A. If a greater LED current is required, then a smaller sense resistor should be used. in this state with damage to the rest of the circuit. either rectified AC line or any DC voltage between 15V to 500V. See Figure 3 for typical circuit. Figure 3. Typical Application Circuit (Without PFC)

© 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Figure 4. Typical Application Circuit With Passive PFC buck converter circuit without passive PFC (see above section on bulk capacitor calculation). For further design information please see AN75 from Diodes Incorporated’s website.

© 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. The design procedure for an ac input buck LED driver outlined in the previous chapters equally applies DC input LED drivers. duty cycle should be kept below 50% or use of constant off-time removes this issue. can be improved by measuring the LED current with an op amp and use the op amp’s output to drive the LD pin. Figure 5. Boost LED Driver The boost topology LED driver requires an output capacitor to deliver current to the LED string during the time that the external MOSFET is on. be present to provide overvoltage detection/protection.

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 12 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A

Ordering Information

Orderable Part Number VCS Tolerance Package Code Package Packing Qty. Carrier AL9910-5S-13 ± 5% S SO-8 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910-5SP-13 ± 5% SP SO-8EP 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910-6S-13 ± 6% S SO-8 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910-6SP-13 ± 6% SP SO-8EP 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910A-5S-13 ± 5% S SO-8 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910A-5SP-13 ±5% SP SO-8EP 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910AS-13 ± 10% S SO-8 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910ASP-13 ± 10% SP SO-8EP 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910S-13 ± 10% S SO-8 2500 13” Tape and Reel AL9910SP-13 ± 10% SP SO-8EP 2500 13” Tape and Reel Marking Information (1) SO-8 (2) SO8-EP 13” Tape & Reel 24, 25, 26~ 24, 25, 26~

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 13 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A Package Outline Dimensions Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. (1) SO-8 (2) SO-8EP SO-8 Dim Min Max Typ A 1.40 1.50 1.45 A1 0.10 0.20 0.15 b 0.30 0.50 0.40 c 0.15 0.25 0.20 D 4.85 4.95 4.90 E 5.90 6.10 6.00 E1 3.80 3.90 3.85 E0 3.85 3.95 3.90 e -- -- 1.27 h - -- 0.35 L 0.62 0.82 0.72 Q 0.60 0.70 0.65 All Dimensions in mm SO-8EP Dim Min Max Typ A 1.40 1.50 1.45 A1 0.00 0.13 - b 0.30 0.50 0.40 C 0.15 0.25 0.20 D 4.85 4.95 4.90 E 3.80 3.90 3.85 E0 3.85 3.95 3.90 E1 5.90 6.10 6.00 e - - 1.27 F 2.75 3.35 3.05 H 2.11 2.71 2.41 L 0.62 0.82 0.72 N - - 0.35 Q 0.60 0.70 0.65 All Dimensions in mm b e E A 9° ( All sides) 4° ±3° c Q h 45° R 0.1 D L Seating Plane Gauge Plane b e E1A 9° ( All side) 4° ±3° C Q N 45° R 0.1 D E L Seating Plane Gauge Plane F H EXPOSED PAD

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 14 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A Suggested Pad Layout Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. (1) SO-8 (2) SO-8EP Mechanical Data

• Moisture Sensitivity: Level 1 per JESD22-A113
• Terminals: Finish - Matte Tin Plated Leads, Solderable per M2003 JESD22-B102
• Weight: ◼ SO-8: 0.076 grams (Approximate) ◼ SO-8EP: 0.081 grams (Approximate) Dimensions Value (in mm) C 1.27 X 0.802 X1 4.612 Y 1.505 Y1 6.50 Dimensions Value (in mm) C 1.270 X 0.802 X1 3.502 X2 4.612 Y 1.505 Y1 2.613 Y2 6.500 C X Y C X Y

Document number: DS35103 Rev. 11 - 2 15 of 15 www.diodes.com September 2024 © 2024 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL9910/A IMPORTANT NOTICE 1. DIODES INCORPORATED (Diodes) AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICUL AR PURPOSE OR NON -INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 2. The Information contained herein is for informational purpose only and is provided only to illustrate the operation of Diodes ’ products described herein and application examples. Diodes does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described herein. This document is intended for skilled and technically trained engineering customers and users who design with Diodes’ products. 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