AL5958Q

AL5958Q

Document overview

• Manufacturer or author: Diodes Incorporated
• PDF pages: 24

Technical content

Features

• AEC-Q100 (Grade 1) Qualification
• Two Separated Power Supply: VR and VGB ▪ VR Supply Range 2.8V to 5V ▪ VGB Supply Voltage Range 3V to 5V
• 48 Output Current Sources: ▪ 0.5mA to 20mA Constant Current Output Range ▪ Current Setting by 3 External Resisters ▪ 6-Bit Global Current Control for Each Color Group ▪ ±1.5% (typ) LED Current Accuracy Between Channels ▪ ±1.5% (typ) LED Current Matching Between Devices ▪ Output Staggered Delay
• Built-in 16 NMOS Scan Switches ▪ For Static and Dynamic Systems from 0 Scan to 1/32 Scan ▪ Flexible Scan Sequence
• Built-in 3 x 16k Bits SRAM
• Grayscale PWM Dimming ▪ 16-Bit PWM Dimming Resolution ▪ High Refresh Rate Achieved by Multiplex Pulse Density Modulation (M-PDM) Technology ▪ Selectable Single or Double Edge Trigger Grayscale Clock for EMI Reduction
• Diagnosis and Protections ▪ LED Open/Short ▪ Grayscale Clock Watchdog, Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO)
• Built-in Intelligent Matrix Display Functions ▪ Automatic Black Frame Insertion ▪ Last Scan and Next Scan Line Ghost Image Abatement ▪ Low Brightness Uniformity Compensation ▪ Short LED Caterpillar & Open LED Fail Line Abatement
• Daisy-Chained Capability
• Sleep Mode to Save Power
• Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)
• Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)
• The AL5958Q is suitable for automotive applications requiring specific change control; this part is AEC-Q100 qualified, PPAP capable, and manufactured in IATF 16949 certified facilities. https://www.diodes.com/quality/product-definitions/ Pin Assignments (Top View – Not to Scale) 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 AL5958Q Thermal Exposed Pad (VGB) R08 G10 B10 R10 R11 R12 G12 B12 R14 G14 B14 R13 G13 B13 R15 G15 B15 G11 B11 GCK S02 Rext_B S15 S14 S13 S12 S11 S10 S09 S08 S07 S06 S05 S04 S03 S16 S01 Rext_G B00 G00 R00 B02 G02 R02 B04 G04 R04 B06 G06 R06 B08 G08 GND Rext_R Set DO G01 B01 R01 G03 B03 R03 G05 B05 R05 G07 B07 R07 G09 B09 R09 GND DI DCK LAT VR W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) Automotive Applications
• Central information displays
• Cluster displays
• Head-up displays
• Grill lights
• Body mini-LED panels
• Interior lights, rear lights Device Information Orderable Part Number Package Body Size AL5958QJCZW76-13 W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) 9mm x 9mm Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS), 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) & 2015/863/EU (RoHS 3) compliant. 2. See https://www.diodes.com/quality/lead-free/ for more information about Diodes Incorporated’s definitions of Halogen - and Antimony-free, "Green" and Lead-free. 3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds.

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 2 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Typical Applications Circuit 1. Single device connection 48 channels with 16 scans AL5958Q B00 G00 R00 B15 G15 R15 S02 S16

16 Scans

REXT_G LAT VGB GND

16 RGBs

µ C LAT VR REXT_R REXT_B GCKGCK S01 SET VRVGB DO 2. Dual device cascaded connection 96 channels with 32 scans AL5958Q B00 G00 R00 B15 G15 R15 S16

32 Scans

REXT_G LAT VGB GND

32 RGBs

µ C LAT VR REXT_R REXT_B GCKGCK S01 AL5958Q B00 G00 R00 B15 G15 R15 S16 REXT_G LAT VGB GND VR REXT_R REXT_B GCK S01 DO DO SET SET scan1 scan16 scan32 scan17 VRVGB VRVGB

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 3 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Typical Applications Circuit (continued) 3. Dual device cascaded connection 96 channels with no scans AL5958Q B00 G00 R00 B15 G15 R15 DI DCK DI DCK REXT_G LAT VGB GND µ C LAT VR REXT_R REXT_B GCKGCK AL5958Q B00 G00 R00 B15 G15 R15 DI DCK REXT_G LAT VGB GND VR REXT_R REXT_B GCK DO DO VGB VR VGB VR Pin Descriptions Pin Number Pin Name Function 5 to 28 B00, G00, R00 to B14, G14, R14 Source Constant-Current Outputs

29 VR Source Supply Voltage Terminal of VLED_R

(VR must ≤ VGB and cannot be floating) 30 to 53 R15, G15, B15 to R01, G01, B01 Source Constant-Current Outputs 54, 4 GND Ground Terminal. (Both pin 54 and 4 need to connect to ground) 55 DI Serial Data Input Terminal for All Channels. 56 DCK Synchronous Clock Input Terminal for Serial Data Transfer. 57 LAT Input Terminal of Data Strobe and SCAN Mode Setting. Combine DCK with LAT to execute the frame latch and define the initial position of SCAN mode.

58 GCK External Grayscale Clock Input for PDM Operations and Black Frame Insertion

NMOS outputs. Set pin = GND: S01 to S16 = nMOS output of scan 1 to 16 (Nout 1 to 16) Set pin = No Connect: S01 to S16 = nMOS output of scan 25 to 10 (Nout 25 to 10) Set pin = VGB: S01 to S16 = nMOS output of scan 32 to 17 (Nout 32 to 17) 75, 76, 1 Rext_B / G / R The External Resistor Connected Between REXT and GND for Output Current Value Setting. (Cannot be floating) 2 Set Scan Sequence Selection for S01 to S16. [GND, No Connect, VGB] 3 DO Serial Data Output Terminal for All Channels. EP VGB Supply Voltage Terminal of Chip and Green + Blue LED. (VLED_GB) (The definition of digital input voltage level is associated with VGB.)

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 4 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Block Diagram Bandgap UVLO Power Save Channel Control Frame Control Scan Control Scan Drivers SRAM Digital Core Double Frequency Selection Channel Drivers Short LED caterpillar abatement Open LED fail line abatement Pre-discharge Low Grayscale Compensation R00 G00 B00 R15 G15 B15 VGB VR Rext_B DI DCK DO GND S16 S01 Three Independent R/G/B 6-Bits Global Current Control Rext_G Rext_R GCK LAT Set

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 5 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Absolute Maximum Ratings (Notes 4, 5) Characteristic Symbol Rating Unit Supply Voltage VLED (VR/VGB) -0.3 to 5.5 V Input Voltage VDI, VLAT, VDCK, VGCK -0.3 to VGB+0.3 V NMOS Output Current IOUTN 0.72 A Output Current IOUT 24 mA Output Voltage VOUT R01 to R16: -0.3 to VR+0.3 G01 to G16, B01 to B16: -0.3 to VGB+0.3 V Junction Temperature TJ -40 to +150 °C Storage Temperature Tstg -55 to +150 °C Notes: 4. Stresses greater than those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Ratings for extended periods can affect device reliability. 5. All voltage values are with respect to ground terminal. Package Thermal Information (Note 6) Symbol Thermal Resistance Value Unit RƟJA Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance 20.3 °C/W RƟJC(top) Junction-to-Case (Top) Thermal Resistance 7.2 °C/W RƟJB Junction-to-Board Thermal Resistance 7.2 °C/W ΨJT Junction-to-Top Characterization Parameter 0.1 °C/W ΨJB Junction-to-Board Characterization Parameter 7.3 °C/W RƟJC(bot) Junction-to-Case (Bottom) Thermal Resistance 2.8 °C/W Note: 6. Test condition: device mounted on FR-4 PCB (51mm x 51mm 2oz copper, minimum recommended pad layout on top layer and thermal vias to bottom layer with maximum area ground plane. For better thermal performance, larger copper pad for heatsink is needed . Recommended Operating Condition Symbol Parameter Min Typ Max Unit VGB IC Operating and G/B-LED Supply Voltage 3 3.8 5 V VR R-LED Supply Voltage 2.8 3.0 VGB V IOUT Output Current 0.5 — 20 mA TA Ambient Temperature -40 +25 +125 °C

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 6 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Equivalent Circuit of Inputs and Outputs 1. DCK, DI, LAT, GCK Terminals 2. DO Terminal Electrical Characteristics (VR = 2.8V, VGB = 3.8V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, unless otherwise specified.) Characteristic Symbol Condition Min Typ Max Unit Input Voltage “H” Level VIH CMOS logic level 0.7VGB ⎯ VGB V Input Voltage “L” Level VIL CMOS logic level GND ⎯ 0.3VGB NMOS Switch On-Resistance RDS(ON) VGB = 3.8 V ⎯ 450 ⎯ mΩ Output Leakage Current ILK VOUT = 0, TA = +25°C ⎯ ⎯ 1 µA Driving Current (DO) IOL VOL = 0.4V 1 2.35 5 mA IOH VOH = VGB-0.4 -5 -2.15 -1 Output Current Skew (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 7) dIOUT1 VOUT_R = VR-0.7V VOUT_G/B = VGB-0.7V Rext = 1.4kΩ @10mA Gain = 100% CMD3[10:8] = 000 TA = +25°C ⎯ 1.5 5 % Output Current Skew (Chip-to-Chip) (Note 8) dIOUT2 ⎯ 1.5 5 % Output Current Skew (Channel-to-Channel) (Note 7) dIOUT3 VOUT_R = VR-0.7V VOUT_G/B = VGB-0.7V Rext = 7kΩ @1mA Gain = 50% CMD3[10:8] = 100 TA = +25°C ⎯ 1.5 5 % Output Current Skew (Chip-to-Chip) (Note 8) dIOUT4 ⎯ 1.5 5 % Dropout Voltage Vsat Rext = 1.4kΩ IOUT @10mA ⎯ 0.4 ⎯ V Output Voltage Regulation (Note 9) % / VOUT Rext = 1.4kΩ @10mA VOUT = 2V to 0 ⎯ 0.1 1 % / V Supply Voltage Regulation (Note 10) % / VLED Rext = 1.4kΩ @10mA VLED = 3V to 5V ⎯ 0.5 1 Notes: 7. ( )   %100*1 )...(% 1510 −+++= IoutIoutIout Ioutn ( )   %100*)( )(16 )...( 1510 CurrentOutputIdeal CurrentOutputIdealIoutIoutIout −+++ ( )   VVVVoutIout VVoutIoutVVoutIoutV nn nnnn %100*)3(@ )1(@)3(@/% −= =−== 10. ( )   VVVVIout VVIoutVVIoutV DDn DDnDDn 35.5 %100*)3(@ )3(@)5.5(@/% −= =−== (VDD = VR or VGB) INPUT OUTPUT

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 7 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Electrical Characteristics (VR = 2.8V, VGB = 3.8V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, unless otherwise specified.) (continued) Characteristic Symbol Condition Min Typ Max Unit Static Supply Current (Note 11) IVR1 Input signal is static Rext = 7kΩ @1mA All outputs turn off 1 2.4 5 mA IVGB1 Input signal is static Rext = 7kΩ @1mA All outputs turn off 3 6.5 16 IVR2 Input signal is static Rext = 1.4kΩ @10mA All outputs turn off 1.5 3.4 6 IVGB2 Input signal is static Rext = 1.4kΩ @10mA All outputs turn off 4 7.9 19 Note: 11. IO excluded. Switching Characteristics (VR = 2.8V, VGB = 3.8V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, unless otherwise specified.) (Guarantee by design) Characteristic Symbol Condition Min Typ Max Unit Propagation Delay (‘L to ‘H’) DCK-DO tpLH3 VIH = VGB VIL = GND Rext = 1.4kΩ @10mA Gain = 100% RL = 200Ω CL = 13pF 10 22.5 50 ns Propagation Delay (‘H’ to ‘L’) DCK-DO tpHL3 10 22.5 50 Pulse Duration LAT tw(LAT) 50 ⎯ ⎯ GCK tw(GCK) 20 ⎯ ⎯ DCK tw(DCK) 20 ⎯ ⎯ Setup Time LAT tsu(LAT) 20 ⎯ ⎯ DI tsu(D) 10 ⎯ ⎯ Hold Time LAT th(LAT) 20 ⎯ ⎯ DI th(D) 10 ⎯ ⎯ Hold Time of Instruction th(CM) 20 ⎯ ⎯ DO Rise Time tr(DO) 6 12 30 DO Fall Time tf(DO) 6 12 30 Data Clock Frequency (Single Edge) fDCK_S ⎯ ⎯ 24 MHz Data Clock Frequency (Double Edge) fDCK_D ⎯ ⎯ 12 Grayscale Clock Frequency (Single Edge) fGCK_S ⎯ ⎯ 24 Grayscale Clock Frequency (Double Edge) fGCK_D ⎯ ⎯ 12 OUTn DO REXT VR Rrext CL CL RL Switching Characteristics Test Circuit VGB

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 8 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Switching Characteristics (VR = 2.8V, VGB = 3.8V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, unless otherwise specified.) (continued) Timing Diagram 1. DCK-DI, DO 2. DCK-LAT 3. LAT-DCK (Instruction) 4. GCK-VOUT

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 10 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Command Table Descriptions 1) R/G/B CMD1 (Command Set 1) R/G/B CMD1 Bit Value Function Description Initial Startup Suggested Value R CMD1[14:10] 5’b00000 5’b00001 5’b11111 1 scan 2 scan ... 32 scan Scan Number Selection Number of scan used R CMD1[4] 1’b0 1’b1 15-bit 16-bit Grayscale Selection 1’b1 R CMD1[0] 1’b0 1’b1 Disable Enable Double Edge GCK Selection 1’b1 G CMD1[15:8] 8’b00000000 8’b10011111 Mode 0 Mode 1 Scan Sequence Mode Mode 0: Use normal sequence Mode 1: Use programmed sequence 8’b00000000 B CMD1[3:0] 4’b0000 4’b1111 Enable Disable GCK Watchdog 4’b0000 2) R/G/B CMD2 (Command Set 2) R/G/B CMD2 Bit Value Function Description Initial Startup Suggested Value R CMD2[15:12] 4’b0000 ... 4’b1111 ... Last Scan and Next Scan Line Ghost Image Abatement (Last Ghost) 4’b0100 R CMD2[11:8] 4’b0000 ... 4’b1111 ... Automatic Black Frame Insertion (DeGhost Time) 4’b0100 R CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 ... 2’b11 ... R Open/Short Detection Level 2’b00 G CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 ... 2’b11 ... G Open/Short Detection Level 2’b00 B CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 ... 2’b11 ... B Open/Short Detection Level 2’b00 3) R/G/B CMD3 (Command Set 3) R/G/B CMD3 Bit Value Function Description Initial Startup Suggested Value R/G/B CMD3[13] 1’b0 1’b1 Disable Enable Sleep Mode 1’b0 R/G/B CMD3[10] 1’b0 1’b1

1 Current Setting 1 1’b0 (RGB Adjust Separately)

R/G/B CMD3[5:0] 6’b000000 ... 6’b111111 1.56% ... 100% Current Gain 6’b001111 (RGB Adjust Separately) 4) R/G/B CMD4 (Command Set 4) R/G/B CMD4 Bit Value Function Description Initial Startup Suggested Value R/G/B CMD4[11] 1’b0 1’b1

1 Turn-On Mode 1’b0 (RGB Adjust Separately)

R/G/B CMD4[10:8] 3’b000 ... 3’b111 ... Low Brightness Compensation 3’b110 (RGB Adjust Separately) 5) R/G/B CMD5 (Command Set 5) R/G/B CMD5 Bit Value Function Description Initial Startup Suggested Value R/G/B CMD5[3:0] 4’b0000 ... 4’b1111 ... Last Scan and Next Scan Line Ghost Image Abatement (Next Ghost) 4’b000 (RGB Adjust Separately)

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 11 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Descriptions Reference Resistor The constant current values are determined by an external resistor placed between R ext pin and GND pin. The following formula is utilized to calculate the current value: Iout (mA) 13 Rext (kΩ) x Gain Where Rext is a resistor placed between Rext and GND. And Gain is the factor of global current control (R/G/B CMD1[5:0]). Rext range setting: Rext Range 0.65kΩ ≤ Rext ≤ 2.6kΩ 2.6kΩ ≤ Rext ≤ 6.5kΩ CMD3[10] 0 1 Iout is around 0.5mA. 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 Iout (mA) Rext (kohm) VGB = 3.8V IOUT

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 12 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Descriptions (continued) Global Current Control (Set R/G/B CMD3[5:0]) AL5958Q provides the global current control function for each RGB group, users can use three independent 6-bits command data R/G/B CMD3[5:0] (GCC[5:0]) to adjust the output current. The following formula is utilized to calculate the current value:

© 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. and take any necessary action. system MCU needs to send error flag read-out command described in the waveform (Figure 10) to read the error flag from the LSD register. The system can perform LED short detection at any time by issuing the commands described in waveform diagrams 1, 2, and 3 (Figure 10). detection, send 8 DCKs in LAT=1 to read out the error flag of LSD register from DO-K pin. DO-K pin is the DO pin of Kth device. Figure 9. Multiple Devices Cascaded Together

© 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

32 LAT

Figure 10. LED Short Detection Waveforms with Commands Instruction

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 15 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Descriptions (continued) LED Short Detection and Error Flag Read-Out Instruction (continued) Error flag read-out description in the do-k waveform above: Example: Bit RO15 S32 is the LED error flag of scan 32 of RO15. Bit RO15 S31 is the LED error flag of scan 31 of RO15. Each device needs 1536 DCKs to send out all 32 scans and 48 channels error flag, even the real application is not 32 scans. The device needs to meet the LED short detection constraints below when it performs LED short detection: a. DCK > 2.5MHz b. Grayscale Clock (GCK) cannot stay HIGH or LOW for more than 1ms because of AL5958Q’s built-in GCK watchdog function. c. 16-bit Image data must set at 100% LED brightness (D[15:0] = 0XFFFF) d. R LED Short definition: Vout_R < Vdets_R at turn-on time. Vdets_R is adjustable by RCMD2[1:0]. e. G LED Short definition: Vout_G < Vdets_G at turn-on time. Vdets_G is adjustable by GCMD2[1:0]. f. B LED Short definition: Vout_B < Vdets_B at turn-on time. Vdets_B is adjustable by BCMD2[1:0]. R/G/B CMD2 Bit Value Function Description R CMD2[3:2] 2’b00 Perform LED short detection and the error report can be read out by DO pin after sending “Error Flag Read-Out Waveform”. Error detection mode selection R CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 2’b01 2’b10 2’b11 0.6V 1.0V 1.4V 1.8V Short detection threshold voltage of R LED (Vdets_R) G CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 2’b01 2’b10 2’b11 0.6V 1.0V 1.4V 1.8V Short detection threshold voltage of G LED (Vdets_G) B CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 2’b01 2’b10 2’b11 0.6V 1.0V 1.4V 1.8V Short detection threshold voltage of B LED (Vdets_B)

© 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. system MCU needs to send error flag read-out command described in the waveform (Figure 12) to read the error flag from the LOD register. The system can perform LED open detection at any time by issuing the commands described in waveform diagrams 1, 2, and 3 (Figure 12). detection, send 8 DCKs in LAT=1 to read out the error flag of LOD register from DO-K pin. DO-K pin is the DO pin of Kth device. Figure 11. Multiple Devices Cascaded Together

© 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Figure 12. LED Open Detection Waveforms with Commands Instruction

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 18 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Descriptions (continued) LED Open Detection and Error Flag Read-Out Instruction (continued) Error flag read-out description in the DO-K waveform above: Example: RO15 and S32 are the LED error flag of scan 32 of RO15. RO15 and S31 are the LED error flag of scan 31 of RO15. Each device needs 1536 DCKs to send out all 32 scans and 48 channels error flag, even the real application is not 32 scans. The device needs to meet the LED open detection constraints below when it performs LED open detection: a. DCK > 2.5MHz b. Grayscale Clock (GCK) cannot stay HIGH or LOW for more than 1ms because of AL5958Q’s built-in GCK watchdog function. c. 16-bit Image data must set at 100% LED brightness (D[15:0] = 0XFFFF) d. R LED Open definition: Vout_R > Vdeto_R at turn-on time. Vdeto_R is adjustable by RCMD2[1:0] to desired voltage level. e. G LED Open definition: Vout_G > Vdeto_G at turn-on time. Vdeto_G is adjustable by GCMD2[1:0] to desired voltage level. f. B LED Open definition: Vout_B > Vdeto_B at turn-on time. Vdeto_B is adjustable by BCMD2[1:0] to desired voltage level. R/G/B CMD2 Bit Value Function Description R CMD2[3:2] 2’b01 Perform LED open detection and the error report can be read out by DO pin after sending “Error Flag Read-Out Waveform”. Error detection mode selection R CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 2’b01 2’b10 2’b11 VR-0.2V VR-0.3V VR-0.4V VR-0.5V Open detection threshold voltage of R LED (Vdeto_R) G CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 2’b01 2’b10 2’b11 VGB-0.2V VGB-0.3V VGB-0.4V VGB-0.5V Open detection threshold voltage of G LED (Vdeto_G) B CMD2[1:0] 2’b00 2’b01 2’b10 2’b11 VGB-0.2V VGB-0.3V VGB-0.4V VGB-0.5V Open detection threshold voltage of B LED (Vdeto_B)

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 19 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Descriptions (continued) Undervoltage Lockout The AL5958Q has two power pins VGB and VR, the power supply of digital control circuit is only connected to VGB pin; therefore, only the VGB pin has UVLO function. When VGB < 2.35V, AL5958Q will automatic reset. For single color LED application, VGB and VR can be tied together. Grayscale Clock (GCK) Watchdog Timer The AL5958Q features Grayscale Clock Watchdog Timer. If the Grayscale Clock stays HIGH or LOW for more than 2ms (typ) at VGB = 3.8V, AL5958Q will automatically reset. Constant-Current Output The current characteristics could maintain invariable in the influence of loading voltage. Therefore, the AL5958Q could minimize the interference of different LED forward voltages and produce the constant current. The following figures illustrate the suitable output voltage should be determined in order to keep an excellent performance. IV-Curve @ VLED(VR/VGB) = 3.1V Iout (mA) VLED - Vout (V)

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 20 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Descriptions (continued) Multiplex Pulse Density Modulation (Multiplex-PDM) Scan1 Scan2 Scan3 Scan4 Scan5 Scan6 Scan7 Scan8 Scan9 Scan10 Scan11 Scan12 Scan13 Scan14 Scan15 Scan16 Scan2 Scan3 Scan4 Scan5 Scan6 Scan7 Scan8 Scan1 Frame time Scan9 Scan10 Scan11 Scan12 Scan13 Scan14 Scan15 Scan16 The advanced Multiplex-PDM approach divides the frame time into the designated segments and interlaces Scan images to enhance the refresh rate. By this technique, the frame refresh rate could be improved efficiently by many times without increasing the frequency of grayscale clock to prevent EMI interference. Grayscale Clock (GCK) Multiplier GCK IOUT Single-edge Grayscale Clock (R CMD1[0]=0) GCK IOUT Double-edge Grayscale Clock (R CMD1[0]=1)) AL5958Q provides a Grayscale Clock Multiplier function by setting RCMD 1[0]. When RCMD1[0]=0, constant current outputs are triggered only at the rising edge of GCKs. When RCMD1[0]=1, constant current outputs are triggered both at the rising edge and falling edge of GCKs. By this approach, the electromagnetic interference would be decreased substantially due to slow grayscale clocks. Automatic Black Frame Insertion In the process of scan switching, constant current outputs have to be turned off to avoid that LEDs of the preceding and the present scanning lines are turned on simultaneously. AL5958Q supports a specific technique of automatic black frame insertion to solve this problem. Last Scan Line Ghost Image Abatement The last scan line ghost image abatment is an optional instruction designed to eliminate ghosting of multiplexed LED modules due to parasitic capacitors on the switching MOS pins.

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 21 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Functional Descriptions (continued) Next Scan Line Ghost Image Abatement The next scan line ghost image abatment is an optional instruction designed to eliminate ghosting of multiplexed LED modules due to parasitic capacitors on the output pins. Power Dissipation When one AL5958Q is operating, the practical power dissipation can be determined by the following equation: PD = (VR - Vf_RLED) * Iout_R * 16 * turn-on time efficiency + (VGB - Vf_GLED) * Iout_G * 16 * turn-on time efficiency + (VGB - Vf_BLED) * Iout_B * 16 * turn-on time efficiency + VR * IVR_all + VGB * IVGB_all + [ (Iout_R + Iout_G + Iout_B) * K ]^2 * 0.4 * turn-on time efficiency (K = the RGB pixel number connected to one MOS) (IVR_all / IVGB_all means the static + dynamic supply current of VR / VGB, not only the static supply current.) In secure operating conditions, the power consumption of an integrated chip should be less than the maximum permissible power dissipation which is determined by the package types and ambient temperature. The formula for maximum power dissipation is described as follows: PD (max) = Tj(max)(°C)– Ta(°C) Rth(j-a)(°C/Watt) The PD (max) declines as the ambient temperature raises. Therefore, suitable operating conditions should be designed with caution according to the chosen package and the ambient temperature. The following figure illustrates the relation between the maximum power dissi pation and the ambient temperature. 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Power dissipation PD (W) Ambient Temperature Ta (oC) Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Ambient Temperature W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1)

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 22 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Design Tools – from Diodes Website https://www.diodes.com/design/tools/

• AL5958Q Demo Board
• AL5958Q Calculator
• Demo Board Gerber File and User Guide

Ordering Information

JCZW76: W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) 13: 13" Tape & Reel Orderable Part Number Package Code Package (Note 12) Packing Qty. Carrier AL5958QJCZW76-13 JCZW76 W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) 2500 13” Tape & Reel Note: 12. For packaging details, go to our website at https://www.diodes.com/design/support/packaging/diodes -packaging/. Marking Information W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) AL5958Q (Top View) YY WW XX Marking ID Logo WW : Week : 01 to 52; 52 YY : Year (ex: 25 = 2025) XX : Internal Code represents week 52 and 53 Tape and Reel Information Please see https://www.diodes.com/assets/Packaging-Support-Docs/AP02007.pdf for tape and reel details. AL5958Q Demo Board User Guide AL5958Q Calculator

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 23 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q Package Outline Dimensions Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) Dim Min Max Typ A 0.70 0.80 0.75 A1 0.00 0.05 0.02 A3 0.203 REF b 0.15 0.25 0.20 D 8.90 9.10 9.00 D2 5.80 6.00 5.90 E 8.90 9.10 9.00 E2 5.80 6.00 5.90 e 0.40 BSC k 1.15 REF L 0.30 0.50 0.40 All Dimensions in mm Suggested Pad Layout Please see http://www.diodes.com/package-outlines.html for the latest version. W-QFN9090-76/SWP (Type A1) Dimensions Value (in mm) C 0.400 X 0.250 X1 0.750 X2 5.900 X3 8.850 Y 0.250 Y1 0.750 Y2 5.900 Y3 8.850 Mechanical Data

• Moisture Sensitivity: Level 3 per J-STD-020
• Terminals: Finish - Matte Tin Plated Leads, Solderable per JESD22-B102
• Weight: 0.183 grams (Approximate) k b D E C L

0.203 REF

0.10 REF 0.05 REF Terminal Cross Section DETAIL A A C0.35x45° Seating Plane L e

0.08 MAX C

C X Y

Document number: DS47339 Rev. 3 - 2 24 of 24 www.diodes.com September 2025 © 2025 Copyright Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. AL5958Q IMPORTANT NOTICE 1. DIODES INCORPORATED (Diodes) AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICUL AR PURPOSE OR NON -INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 2. The Information contained herein is for informational purpose only and is provided only to illustrate the operation of Diodes ’ products described herein and application examples. Diodes does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described herein. This document is intended for skilled and technically trained engineering customers and users who design with Diodes’ products. Diodes’ products may be used to facilitate safety-related applications; however, in all instances customers and users are responsible for (a) selecting the appropriate Diodes products for their applications, (b) evaluating the suitability of Diodes’ products for their intended applications, (c) ensuring their applications, which inco rporate Diodes’ products, comply the applicable legal and regulatory requirements as well as safety and functional - safety related standards, and (d) ensuring they design with appropriate safeguards (including testing, validation, quality co ntrol techniques , redundancy, malfunction prevention, and appropriate treatment for aging degradation) to minimize the risks associated with their applications. 3. Diodes assumes no liability for any application-related information, support, assistance or feedback that may be provided by Diodes from time to time. Any customer or user of this document or products described herein will assume all risks and liabilities associated with such use, and will hold Diodes and all companies whose products are represented herein or on Diodes’ websites, harmless against all damages and liabilities. 4. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents and pending patent applications. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign tra demarks and trademark applications. Diodes does not convey any license under any of its intellectual property rights or the rights of any third parties (including third parties whose products and services may be described in this document or on Diodes’ website) under this document. 5. Diodes’ products are provided subject to Diodes’ Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale (https://www.diodes.com/about/company/terms-and-conditions/terms-and-conditions-of-sales/) or other applicable terms. This document does not alter or expand the applicable warranties provided by Diodes. Diodes does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthorized sales channel. 6. Diodes’ products and technology may not be used for or incorporated into any products or systems whose manufacture, use or sa le is prohibited under any applicable laws and regulations. Should customers or users use Diodes’ products in contravention of any applicable laws or regulations, or for any unintended or unauthorized application, customers and users will (a) be solely responsible for any da mages, losses or penalties arising in connection therewith or as a result thereof, and (b) indemnify and hold Di odes and its representatives and agents harmless against any and all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim relating to any noncompliance with the applicable laws and regulations, as well as any unintended or unauthorized application. 7. While efforts have been made to ensure the information contained in this document is accurate, complete and current, it may c ontain technical inaccuracies, omissions and typographical errors. Diodes does not warrant that information contained in this docu ment is error-free and Diodes is under no obligation to update or otherwise correct this information. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Diodes reserves the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. This document is written in English but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. Only the English version of this document is the final and determinative format released by Diodes. 8. Any unauthorized copying, modification, distribution, transmission, display or other use of this document (or any portion her eof) is prohibited. Diodes assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by the customers or users or any third parties arising from any such unauthorized use. 9. This Notice may be periodically updated with the most recent version available at https://www.diodes.com/about/company/terms-and- conditions/important-notice The Diodes logo is a registered trademark of Diodes Incorporated in the United States and other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. © 2025 Diodes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. www.diodes.com