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Small, Low Power, 3-Axis ±16 g Accelerometer Data Sheet ADXL316 Rev. 0 Document Feedback Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Tel: 781.329.4700 ©2015 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Technical Support www.analog.com
FEATURES
3-axis sensing with ±16 g minimum measurement range Small, low profile package 12-lead, 4 mm × 4 mm × 1.45 mm LFCSP Low quiescent supply current: 350 µA typical Single-supply operation: 1.8 V to 3.6 V 10,000 g shock survival Excellent temperature stability Bandwidth (BW) adjustment with a single capacitor per axis RoHS/WEEE lead-free compliant −40°C to +105°C operating temperature range Qualified for automotive applications
APPLICATIONS
Cost-sensitive, low power, motion and tilt sensing Active noise control (ANC) Sports and health devices GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADXL316 is a small, thin, low power, complete 3-axis accelerometer with signal conditioned voltage outputs, all on a single monolithic IC. The product measures acceleration with a minimum measurement range of ±16 g. It can measure the static acceleration of gravity in tilt sensing applications, as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion, shock, or vibration. The user selects the bandwidth of the accelerometer using the C X, CY, and CZ capacitors at the XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT pins. Bandwidths can be selected to suit the application, with a range of 0.5 Hz to 1600 Hz for the x and y axes, and a range of 0.5 Hz to 550 Hz for the z axis. The ADXL316 is available in a small, low profile, 4 mm × 4 mm × 1.45 mm, 12-lead, plastic lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP). FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM ADXL316 3-AXIS SENSOR OUTPUT AMP OUTPUT AMP OUTPUT AMP COM ST VS CDC YOUT ZOUT XOUT CX AC AMP RFILT RFILT RFILT DEMOD CY CZ 13686-001 Figure 1.
Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 14 TABLE OF CONTENTS Design Trade-Offs for Selecting Filter Characteristics: The
REVISION HISTORY
10/15—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 14 SPECIFICATIONS TA = 25°C, VS = 3 V, CX = CY = CZ = 0.1 µF, acceleration = 0 g, unless otherwise noted. All minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed. Typical specifications are not guaranteed. Table 1. Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit SENSOR INPUT Each axis Measurement Range1 ±16 ±19 g Nonlinearity % of measurement range ±0.2 % Package Alignment Error ±1 Degrees Interaxis Alignment Error ±0.1 Degrees Cross Axis Sensitivity ±1 % SENSITIVITY (RATIOMETRIC)2 Each axis Sensitivity at XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT VS = 3 V 50 57 64 mV/g Sensitivity Change due to Temperature3 VS = 3 V ±0.5 mV ZERO g BIAS LEVEL (RATIOMETRIC) Each axis 0 g Voltage at XOUT, YOUT, and ZOUT VS = 3 V, 25°C 1.2 1.5 1.8 V Initial 0 g Output Deviation from Ideal VS = 3 V, 25°C ±100 mV 0 g Offset vs. Temperature ±1 mg/°C NOISE PERFORMANCE Output Noise <4 kHz, VS = 3 V 1 mV Noise Density XOUT and YOUT 210 µg/√Hz rms ZOUT 450 µg/√Hz rms FREQUENCY RESPONSE4 XOUT and YOUT Bandwidth5 No external filter 1600 Hz ZOUT Bandwidth 5 No external filter 550 Hz RFILT Tolerance 27 32 37 kΩ Sensor Resonant Frequency 4.2 kHz SELF TEST (ST)6 Logic Input Low 0.3 V Logic Input High 2.7 V ST Input Resistance to Ground 30 50 kΩ Output Change ST = 0 to ST = 1 At XOUT −65 −50 −35 mV At YOUT 35 50 65 mV At ZOUT 70 90 110 mV OUTPUT AMPLIFIER Output Swing Low No load 0.1 V High No load 2.8 V POWER SUPPLY Operating Voltage Range 1.8 3.6 V Quiescent Supply Current 350 µA Turn-On Time7 10 ms OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE −40 +105 °C 1 Guaranteed by measurement of initial offset and sensitivity. 2 Sensitivity is essentially ratiometric to VS. Calculate sensitivity by using a scale factor (mV/V/g). Sensitivity = Scale Factor × VS. To calculate minimum and maximum sensitivity, the scale factors are 15 mV/V/g and 23 mV/V/g, respectively. 3 This parameter is defined as the output change from ambient to maximum temperature or ambient to minimum temperature. 4 Actual frequency response controlled by user-supplied external filter capacitors (CX, CY, and CZ). 6 Self test response changes cubically with VS. 7 Larger values of CX, CY, and CZ increase turn-on time. Turn-on time is approximately 160 × (CX, CY, and CZ) + 4 ms, where CX, CY, CZ are in µF.
Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 14 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. Parameter Rating Acceleration Shock Survival, Any Axis, and Unpowered 10,000 g Shock Survival, Any Axis, and Powered 10,000 g VS −0.3 V to +3.6 V All Other Pins (COM − 0.3 V) to (VS + 0.3 V) Output Short-Circuit Duration (Any Pin to COM) Indefinite Temperature Range (Powered) −55°C to +125°C Stresses at or above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the product. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the product at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Operation beyond the maximum operating conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability. ESD CAUTION
- DNC = DO NOT CONNECT. DO NOT
- THE EXPOSED PAD IS NOT INTERNALLY
Figure 2. Pin Configuration Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions 12 VS Supply Voltage (1.8 V to 3.6 V). EP Exposed Pad. The exposed pad is not internally connected. Solder for mechanical integrity.
Figure 21. Typical Current Consumption vs. Supply Voltage
Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 14 THEORY OF OPERATION The ADXL316 is a complete 3-axis acceleration measurement system. The ADXL316 has a measurement range of ±16 g minimum. It contains a polysilicon surface micromachined sensor and signal conditioning circuitry to implement an open- loop acceleration measurement architecture. The output signals are analog voltages that are proportional to acceleration. The accelerometer can measure the static acceleration of gravity in tilt sensing applications as well as dynamic acceleration resulting from motion, shock, or vibration. The sensor is a polysilicon surface micromachined structure built on top of a silicon wafer. Polysilicon springs suspend the structure over the surface of the wafer and provide a resistance against acceleration forces. Deflection of the structure is measured using a differential capacitor that consists of independent fixed plates and plates attached to the moving mass. The fixed plates are driven by 180° out-of-phase square waves. Acceleration deflects the moving mass and unbalances the differential capacitor, resulting in a sensor output with an amplitude proportional to acceleration. Phase-sensitive demodulation techniques determine the magnitude and direction of the acceleration. A 32 kΩ resistor can amplify and bring the demodulator output off-chip. The user then sets the signal bandwidth of the device by adding a capacitor. This filtering improves measurement resolution and helps prevent aliasing. MECHANICAL SENSOR The ADXL316 uses a single structure for sensing the X-, Y-, and Z-axes. As a result, the three axes sense directions are highly orthogonal with minimal cross axis sensitivity. Mechanical misalignment of the sensor die to the package is the chief source of cross axis sensitivity. Mechanical misalignment can be calibrated out at the system level. PERFORMANCE Rather than using additional temperature compensation circuitry, innovative design techniques ensure high performance is built-in to the ADXL316. As a result, there is neither quantization error nor nonmonotonic behavior, and temperature hysteresis is very low.
ground has a similar effect as noise transmitted through VS. and CZ is recommended in all cases. Table 4. Filter Capacitor Selection, CX, CY, and CZ to VS, an electrostatic force is exerted on the accelerometer beam. +50 mV) on the y-axis, and 1.58 g (or +90 mV) on the z-axis. between ST and VS is recommended. the measurement resolution (the smallest detectable acceleration). noise and improve resolution. Table 5. Estimation of Peak-to-Peak Noise
The recommended soldering profile is shown in Figure 24, followed by a description of the recommended soldering profile features in Table 6. Figure 24. Recommended Soldering Profile Table 6. Recommended Soldering Profile
0.05 MAX
0.02 NOM
0.152 REF
0.33 MIN
0.20 MIN
Figure 25. 12-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_SS] obtain the specific Automotive Reliability reports for these models. registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.