34923 FREESCALE | Alldatasheet
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Technical content
Features
- ±2.0 A, 45 V Continuous Output Rating
- Low RDS(ON) Outputs (270 mΩ, typical)
- Programmable Mixed, Fast, and Slow Current-Decay Modes
- Serial Interface Controls Chip Functions
- Synchronous Rectification for Low Power Dissipation
- Internal Undervoltage Lockout Thermal Shutdown Circuitry
- Crossover-Current Protection FULL-BRIDGE PWM MOTOR DRIVER DW SUFFIX 24-LEAD SOICW CASE 751E-04 34923 5.0 V ≤5.0 V Serial Port CLOCK DATA STROBE PWMMODE DIR PWM/ENABLE OSC MCU DCMA DCMB Motor DC GND Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
34923 MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA
Figure 1. 34923 Simplified Block Diagram Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA 34923 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Pin Pin Name Formal Name Definition 1V B Boost Voltage Boost voltage storage node. 2 CP2 Switching Capacitor 2 Charge pump capacitor connection 2. 3 CP1 Switching Capacitor 1 Charge pump capacitor connection 1. 4 DIR Direction Logic-level input for direction control. 5 OSC Oscillator Logic- level oscillator (square wave) input. 6, 7, 18, 19 GND Ground Ground. 8V DD Logic Voltage Low voltage (typically 5.0 V) logic supply. 9 PWM/ENABLE H-Bridge Enable Logic-level i nput for enabling the H-bridge driver. 10 DATA Serial Data Logic-level input for serial interface. 11 CLOCK Serial Data Clock Logic-level input for serial port (data is entered on rising edge). 12 STROBE Serial Data Latch Strobe Logic-level i nput for serial port (active on rising edge).
13 V REF Current Limit Reference
Load current reference input voltage. 14 PWMMODE PWM Mode Control Logic-level input for PW M mode control when in internal PWM mode. 15, 22 NC No Connect No inter nal connection to this pin. 16 DCMA H-Bridge Output A One of two bridge outputs to the motor. 17 SENSE Current Sense Sense resistor. 20 V BB H-Bridge Voltage Supply High-current (20 V to 45 V) load supply. 21 DCMB H-Bridge Output B One of two bridge outputs to the motor. 23 SPAN Current Limit Reference Range Logic-level input for V REF range control. 24 V REG Bandgap Voltage Bandgap decoupling capacitor. VREG VBB GND GND SENSE DCMA NC PWMMODE V REF SPAN NC DCMB V B OSC GND GND V DD PWM/ENABLE DATA STROBE CP2 CP1 DIR CLOCK Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Rating Symbol Value Unit Load Supply Voltage VBB 48 V Logic Supply Voltage VDD 7.0 V Input Voltage VIN -0.3 to VDD + 0.3 V Sense Voltage VS 0.5 V Reference Voltage VREF 2.7 V Output Current (Note 1) IOUT ±2.0 A Storage Temperature TS -55 to 150 °C Ambient Temperature TA -20 to 85 °C Operating Junction Temperature TJ -40 to 150 °C Power Dissipation (TA = 25°C) (Note 2) PD 1.6 (Note 3) W ESD Voltage Human Body Model (Note 4) Machine Model (Note 5) VESD1 VESD2 ±2000 ±200 V Lead Soldering Temperature (Note 6) T SOLDER 260 °C Thermal Resistance Junction-to-Ambient (Note 2) R θJA 56 °C/W Notes 1. Output current rating may be limited by duty cycle, ambient temperature, and heatsinking. Under any set of conditions, do not exceed the specified current rating or a junction temperature of 150°C. 2. Maximum power dissipation at indicated ambient temperature in free air with no heatsink used. 3. Per SEMI G42-88 specification. 4. ESD1 testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (C ZAP = 100 pF, RZAP = 1500 Ω). 5. ESD2 testing is performed in ac cordance with the Machine Model (CZAP = 200 pF, RZAP = 0 Ω). 6. Lead soldering temperature limit is for 10 seconds maximum durat ion. Not designed for immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits may cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device. Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA 34923 STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristics noted under conditions TA = 25°C, VBB = 45 V, VDD = 5.0 V, VSENSE = 0.5 V, and fPWM < 50 kHz unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit OUTPUT DRIVERS Load Supply Voltage Range Operating During Sleep Mode VBB V Output Leakage Current VOUT = VBB VOUT = 0 V IDSS <1.0 <-1.0 -20 µA Output On Resistance Source Driver, IOUT = -2.0 A @ 25°C Source Driver, IOUT = -2.0 A @ 150°C Sink Driver, IOUT = 2.0 A @ 25°C Sink Driver, IOUT = 2.0 A @ 150°C RDS(ON) 300 300 450 700 450 700 mΩ Body Diode Forward Voltage Source Diode, IF = -2.0 A Sink Diode, IF = 2.0 A VF 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.6 V Load Supply Current fPWM < 50 kHz Charge Pump On, Outputs Disabled Sleep Mode IBB 4.0 2.0 7.0 5.0 mA mA µA CONTROL LOGIC Logic Supply Voltage Range (Operating) VDD 4.5 5.0 5.5 V Logic Input Voltage VIN(1) VIN(0) 2.0 0.8 V Input Current All Logic Inputs Except PWM/ENABLE VIN = 2.0 V VIN = 0.8 V PWM/ENABLE Only VIN = 2.0 V VIN = 0.8 V IIN(1) IIN(0) IIN(1) IIN(0) <1.0 <-2.0 -20 100 µA Input Hysteresis All Digital Inputs Except OSC OSC (Operating) ∆VIN(LOGIC) ∆VIN(OSC) 200 100 400 mV Reference Input Voltage Range (Operating) VREF 0– 2 . 6 V Reference Input Current VREF = 2.5 V IREF –– ± 0 . 5 µA Input Offset Voltage Comparator VREF = 0 V Buffer VIO ±5.0 ±15 mV Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
CONTROL LOGIC (continued) Reference Divider Ratio Bit D14 = High Bit D14 = Low 9.9 4.95 5.0 10.2 5.05 Thermal Shutdown Temperature TJ – 165 – °C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis ∆TJ –1 5– ° C Undervoltage Lockout Enable Threshold Increasing VDD UVLO 3.90 4.2 4.45 V Undervoltage Lockout Hysteresis ∆UVLO 0.05 0.10 – V Logic Supply Current fPMW < 50 kHz Sleep Mode, Inputs <0.5 V IDD 6.0 2.0 mA STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Characteristics noted under conditions TA = 25°C, VBB = 45 V, VDD = 5.0 V, VSENSE = 0.5 V, and fPWM < 50 kHz unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA 34923 DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristics noted under conditions TA = 25°C, VBB = 45 V, VDD = 5.0 V, VSENSE = 0.5 V, and fPWM < 50 kHz unless otherwise noted. Characteristic Symbol Min Typ Max Unit CONTROL LOGIC OSC Input Frequency (Operating) fOSC 2 . 9–6 . 1 M H z OSC Input Duty Cycle (Operating) dcOSC 40 – 60 % Propagation Delay Times PWM Change to Source ON PWM Change to Source OFF PWM Change to Sink ON PWM Change to Sink OFF Direction Change to Sink ON Direction Change to Sink OFF Direction Change to Source ON Direction Change to Source OFF t pd 600 100 600 100 600 100 600 100 ns Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
Figure 2. Serial Port Write Timing Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA 34923 SYSTEM/APPLICATION INFORMATION INTRODUCTION The 34923 is designed for pulse-width modulated (PWM) current control of DC motors. It is capable of continuous output currents up to 2.0 A and operating voltages of up to 45 V. Internal fixed off-time PWM current-control timing circuitry can be programmed via a serial interface to operate in slow, fast, and mixed current decay modes. DIR and PWM/ENABLE input pins are provided for use in controlling the speed and direction of a DC motor with externally applied PWM-control signals. The PWM/ENABLE input can be programmed via the serial port to PWM the bridge in fast or slow current decay. Internal synchronous rectification control circuitry is provided to reduce power dissipation during PWM operation. Internal circuit protection includes thermal shutdown with hysteresis and crossover-current protection. Special power-up sequencing is not required. FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION VB This pin provides a node for charge storage at the boost voltage. Internal circuitry will draw VB current from this node, and the charge pump will deliver charge to this node. CP1 and CP2 These pins are the connections to the switching capacitor in the charge pump. These pins swing between ground and VB, drawing charge from VBB and delivering it to the VB node. DIR This is the direction input for the H-bridge driver. PWM/ENABLE This pin is the enable input for the H-bridge driver. When asserted this will bring the H-bridge out of tri-state mode so that it can drive a load. PWMMODE This logic input controls the H-bridge output mode when the PWM is deasserted. The H-bridge can have an active or passive output state when the PWM input is deasserted. OSC This logic input is the clock for the on-board decay time generator used only when in internal PWM mode. The decay time can be slow or mixed fast and slow. VDD This is the power supply input for the internal logic and several other functions. DATA This logic input is the serial data used by the serial interface. CLOCK This logic input is the clock for the serial interface. Data is shifted in synchronously with this clock. STROBE This logic input is used to latch data from the serial interface into the internal logic. VREF This input provides a reference voltage for the current limit comparator threshold. DCMA and DCMB These are the high-current, high-voltage drive signals for the motor. VBB This is the motor drive voltage input. The H-bridge will deliver this voltage to the motor. SPAN This logic-level input controls the current limit comparator threshold that is generated from VREF. VREG This output is a decoupling node for the internal bandgap reference voltage generator. Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
The 34923 is controlled via a 3-wire (clock, data, strobe) serial port. The programmable functions allow maximum flexibility in configuring the PWM to the motor drive requirements. The serial data is clocked in starting with bit D19. D0–D1, Blank Time The current-sense comparator is blanked when any output driver is switched on in accordance with the table below. fosc is the oscillator input frequency. D2–D6, Fixed Off-Time A five-bit word sets the fixed off-time for internal PWM current control. The off time is defined as follows: toff = (8[1 + N] /fosc) - 1/f osc where N = 0 to 31. For example, with an oscillator frequency of 4.0 MHz, the off- time is adjusted from 1.75 µs to 63.75 µs in increments of 2.0 µs. D7–D10, Fast Decay Time A four-bit word sets the fast decay portion of the fixed off-time for the internal PWM control circuitry. This will only have impact if the mixed current decay mode is selected (via bit D17 and the PWMMODE input pin). For tfd > toff, the device will effectively operate in the fast decay mode. The fast decay portion is defined as follows: tfd = (8[1 + N]/f osc) - 1/fosc where N = 0 to 15. For example, with an oscillator frequency of 4.0 MHz, the fast decay time is adjusted from 1.75 µs to 31.75 µs in increments of 2.0 µs. D11–D12, Synchronous Rectification Control The active mode prevents reversal of load current by turning off synchronous rectification when a zero current level is detected. The passive mode will allow reversal of current but will turn off the synchronous rectifier circuit if the load current inversion ramps up to the current limit set by VREF/RS. D13, External PWM Decay Mode Bit D13 determines the current decay mode when using PWM/ENABLE chopping for external PWM current control. Bit Function D0 Blank Time LSB D1 Blank Time MSB D2 Fixed Off-Time LSB D3 Fixed Off-Time Bit 1 D4 Fixed Off-Time Bit 2 D5 Fixed Off-Time Bit 3 D6 Fixed Off-Time MSB D7 Fast Decay Time LSB D8 Fast Decay Time Bit 1 D9 Fast Decay Time Bit 2 D10 Fast Decay Time MSB D11 Synchronous Rectification Mode D12 Synchronous Rectification Enable D13 External PWM Decay Mode D14 Enable Logic D15 Direction Logic D16 Divisor SPAN Select D17 Internal PWM Mode D18 Test Mode D19 Sleep Mode D0 D1 Blank Time 0 0 4/f osc 1 0 6/f osc 0 1 12/f osc 1 1 24/f osc D11 D12 Synchronous Rect. Control 0 0 Disabled 0 1 Active 1 0 Disabled 1 1 Passive D13 Current Decay Mode
0 Fast
1 Slow
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MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA 34923 D14, Enable Logic Bit D14, in conjunction with the PWM/ENABLE pin, determines if the output drivers are in the chopped (OFF) or ON state. D15, Direction Logic Bit D15, in conjunction with the DIR pin, determines if the device is operating in the forward or reverse state. D16, Divisor SPAN Select Bit D16, in conjunction with the SPAN pin, determines if VREF is divided by 5 or 10. D17, Internal PWM Mode Bit D17, in conjunction with the PWMMODE pin, selects mixed or slow current decay. D18, Test Mode Bit D18 low (default) operates the device in normal mode. D18 is only used for testing purposes. The user should never change this bit. D19, Sleep Mode Bit D19 selects a Sleep mode to minimize power consumption when not in use. This disables much of the internal circuitry, including the regulator and charge pump. On power-up the serial port is initialized to all zeros. Bit D19 should be programmed high for 1.0 ms before attempting to enable any output driver. Serial Port Write Timing Operations Data is clocked into the shift register on the rising edge of the CLOCK signal. Normally STROBE will be held high, only brought low to initiate a write cycle. Refer to Figure 2, Serial Port Write Timing, page 8, for the minimum timing requirements. VREG This internally generated voltage is used to operate the sink- side outputs. The VREG pin should be decoupled with a 0.22µF capacitor to ground. VREG is internally monitored and, in the case of a fault condition, the outputs of the device are disabled. Charge Pump The charge pump is used to generate a gate supply voltage greater than VBB to drive the source-side gates. A 0.22 µF ceramic capacitor should be connected between CP1 and CP2 for pumping purposes. A 0.22 µF ceramic capacitor should be connected between VB and VBB to act as a reservoir to operate the high-side devices. The VB voltage is internally monitored and, in the case of a fault condition, the source outputs of the device are disabled. Shutdown In the event of a fault (excessive junction temperature or low voltage on VB or VREG), the outputs of the device are disabled until the fault condition is removed. At power-up, and in the event of low VDD, the Undervoltage Lockout circuit disables the drivers and resets the data in the serial port to all zeros. PWM Timer Function The PWM timer is programmable via the serial port (bits D2– D10) to provide off-time PWM signals to the control circuitry. In the mixed current-decay mode, the first portion of the off time operates in fast decay, until the fast decay time count (serial bits D7–D10) is reached, followed by slow decay for the rest of the off-time period (bits D2–D6). If the fast decay time is set longer than the off time, the device effectively operates in fast decay mode. Bit D17, in conjunction with PWMMODE, selects mixed or slow decay. PWM/ ENABLE D14 Operating Mode 0 0 Chopped 1 1 1 0 ON 0 1 State DIR D15 DCMA DCMB Reverse 0 0 Low High 1 1 Forward 1 0 High Low 0 1 Divisor SPAN D16 1 0 0 1 ÷10 0 0 1 1 PWMMODE D17 Current Decay Mode 0 0 Mixed 1 1 1 0 Slow 0 1 D19 Sleep Mode
0 Sleep
1 Normal
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When a source driver turns on, a current spike occurs owing to the reverse recovery currents of the clamp diodes and/or switching transients related to distributed capacitance in the load. To prevent this current spike from erroneously resetting the source-enable latch, the sense comparator is blanked. The blank timer runs after the off-time counter (see bits D2–D6) to provide the programmable blanking function. The blank timer is reset when PWM/ENABLE is chopped or DIR is changed. For external PWM control, a DIR change or PWM/ENABLE on will trigger the blanking function. Synchronous Rectification When a PWM off cycle is triggered, either by an PWM/ ENABLE chop command or internal fixed off-time cycle, load current will recirculate according to the decay mode selected by the control logic. The 34923 synchronous rectification feature will turn on the opposite pair of outputs during the current decay and effectively short out the body diodes with the low RDS(ON) driver. This will reduce power dissipation significantly and can eliminate the need for external Schottky diodes. Synchronous rectification can be configured in active mode, passive mode, or disabled via the serial port (bits D11 and D12). The active or passive mode selection has no impact in slow- decay mode. With synchronous rectification enabled, the slow- decay mode serves as an effective brake mode. Current Regulation Load current is regulated by an internal fixed off-time PWM control circuit. When the outputs of the H-bridge are turned on, the current increases in the motor winding until it reaches a trip value determined by the external sense resistor (RS), the applied analog reference voltage (VREF), the SPAN logic level, and serial data bit D16: When SPAN = D16, ITRIP =V REF/10R S When SPAN ≠D16, ITRIP =V REF/5R S At the trip point, the sense comparator resets the source- enable latch, turning off the source driver. The load inductance then causes the current to recirculate for the serial-port- programmed fixed off-time period. The current path during recirculation is determined by the configuration of slow/mixed current-decay mode (D17) and the synchronous rectification control bits (D11 and D12). Internal PWM (Current Mode) PWM Frequency The internal PWM opeating frequency is set by the sum of “Off Time”, as determined by bits D2 through D6, “Blank Time”, as determined by bits D0 and D1, and the time constant of the motor. Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA 34923
APPLICATIONS
To minimize inaccuracies in sensing the ITRIP current level, which may be caused by ground trace IR drops, the sense resistor should have an independent ground return to the ground pin of the device. For low-value sense resistors, the IR drops in the PCB sense resistor’s traces can be significant and should be taken into account. The use of sockets should be avoided because they can introduce variation in RS owing to their contact resistance. The maximum value of RS is given as RS ≤ 0.5/I TRIP. Braking The braking function is implemented by driving the device in slow-decay mode via serial port bit D13, enabling synchronous rectification via bit D12, and chopping with the combination of D14 and the PWM/ENABLE input pin. Because it is possible to drive current in either direction through the drivers, this configuration effectively shorts out the motor-generated back EMF (BEMF) as long as the PWM/ENABLE chop mode is asserted. It is important to note that the internal PWM current- control circuit will not limit the current when braking, because the current does not flow through the sense resistor. The maximum brake current can be approximated by VBEMF/RL. Care should be taken to ensure that the maximum ratings of the device are not exceeded in worst-case braking situations of high-speed and high-inertial loads. Thermal Protection Circuitry turns off all drivers when the junction temperature reaches 165°C typically. It is intended only to protect the device from failures owing to excessive junction temperatures and should not imply that output short circuits are permitted. Thermal shutdown has a hysteresis of approximately 15°C. Layout The printed wiring board should use a heavy ground plane. For optimum electrical and thermal performance (see following Note), the driver should be soldered directly onto the board. The ground side of RS should have an individual path to the ground pins of the device. This path should be as short as is possible physically and should not have any other components connected to it. It is recommended that a 0.1 µF capacitor be placed between SENSE and ground as close to the device as possible; the load supply pin, VBB, should be decoupled with an electrolytic capacitor (>47 µF is recommended) placed as close to the device as is possible. Note The thermal resistance and absolute maximum allowable package power dissipation specified in the MAXIMUM RATINGS table, page 4, is measured on typical two-sided PCB with minimal copper ground area. For the 34923, RθJA can be reduced to 56°C/W with 3.57-in2 copper ground area, as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3. Package Dissipation Temperature DeratingALLOWABLE PACKAGE POWER DISSIPATION WATTSTEMPERATURE (°C) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006) PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 (0.005) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. -A- -B- P12X D24X 1324 M0.010 (0.25) B M SAM0.010 (0.25) B ST -T- G22X SEATING PLANE K C R X 45° M F J DIM MIN MAX MIN MAX INCHESMILLIMETERS A 15.25 15.54 0.601 0.612 B 7.40 7.60 0.292 0.299 C 2.35 2.65 0.093 0.104 D 0.35 0.49 0.014 0.019 F 0.41 0.90 0.016 0.035 G 1.27 BSC 0.050 BSC J 0.23 0.32 0.009 0.013 K 0.13 0.29 0.005 0.011 M 0 8 0 8 P 10.05 10.55 0.395 0.415 R 0.25 0.75 0.010 0.029 °°°° DW SUFFIX 24-LEAD SOIC WIDE BODY PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 751E-04 ISSUE E Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
MOTOROLA ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE DATA 34923 NOTES Freescale Sem iconductor, I Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com nc...
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